@inproceedings{jetton_dvorak_potter_whittier_rhea_2011, title={Genetics and conservation of hemlock species threatened by the hemlock woolly adelgid}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 30th Southern Tree Improvement Conference}, author={Jetton, R. M. and Dvorak, W.S. and Potter, K. M. and Whittier, W. A. and Rhea, J.}, year={2011}, pages={81–87} }
 @article{whittier_milligan_nutter_cranfield_power_2011, title={Proximate composition of milk from free-ranging mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei)}, volume={30}, number={3}, journal={Zoo Biology}, author={Whittier, C. A. and Milligan, L. A. and Nutter, F. B. and Cranfield, M. R. and Power, M. L.}, year={2011}, pages={308–317} }
 @article{whittier_cranfield_stoskopf_2010, title={REAL-TIME PCR DETECTION OF CAMPYLOBACTER SPP. IN FREE-RANGING MOUNTAIN GORILLAS (GORILLA BERINGEI BERINGEI)}, volume={46}, ISSN={["0090-3558"]}, DOI={10.7589/0090-3558-46.3.791}, abstractNote={Health monitoring of wildlife populations can greatly benefit from rapid, local, noninvasive molecular assays for pathogen detection. Fecal samples collected from free-living Virunga mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) between August 2002 and February 2003 were tested for Campylobacter spp. DNA using a portable, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument. A high prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was detected in both individually identified (22/26=85%) and nest-collected samples (68/114=59.6%), with no statistically significant differences among different gorilla sexes or age classes or between tourist-visited versus research gorilla groups. The PCR instrument was able to discriminate two distinct groups of Campylobacter spp. in positive gorilla samples based on the PCR product fluorescent-probe melting profiles. The rare type (6/90 positives, 7%, including three mixed cases) matched DNA sequences of Campylobacter jejuni and was significantly associated with abnormally soft stools. The more common type of positive gorilla samples (87/90 positives, 97%) were normally formed and contained a Campylobacter sp. with DNA matching no published sequences. We speculate that the high prevalence of Campylobacter spp. detected in gorilla fecal samples in this survey mostly reflects previously uncharacterized and nonpathogenic intestinal flora. The real-time PCR assay was more sensitive than bacterial culture with Campylobacter-specific media and commercially available, enzyme immunoassay tests for detecting Campylobacter spp. in human samples.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES}, author={Whittier, Christopher A. and Cranfield, Michael R. and Stoskopf, Michael K.}, year={2010}, month={Jul}, pages={791–802} }
 @article{milligan_rapoport_cranfield_dittus_glander_oftedal_power_whittier_bazinet_2008, title={Fatty acid composition of wild anthropoid primate milks}, volume={149}, ISSN={["1879-1107"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.cbpb.2007.08.006}, abstractNote={Fatty acids in milk reflect the interplay between species-specific physiological mechanisms and maternal diet. Anthropoid primates (apes, Old and New World monkeys) vary in patterns of growth and development and dietary strategies. Milk fatty acid profiles also are predicted to vary widely. This study investigates milk fatty acid composition of five wild anthropoids (Alouatta palliata, Callithrix jacchus, Gorilla beringei beringei, Leontopithecus rosalia, Macaca sinica) to test the null hypothesis of a generalized anthropoid milk fatty acid composition. Milk from New and Old World monkeys had significantly more 8:0 and 10:0 than milk from apes. The leaf eating species G. b. beringei and A. paliatta had a significantly higher proportion of milk 18:3n-3, a fatty acid found primarily in plant lipids. Mean percent composition of 22:6n-3 was significantly different among monkeys and apes, but was similar to the lowest reported values for human milk. Mountain gorillas were unique among anthropoids in the high proportion of milk 20:4n-6. This seems to be unrelated to requirements of a larger brain and may instead reflect species-specific metabolic processes or an unknown source of this fatty acid in the mountain gorilla diet.}, number={1}, journal={COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, author={Milligan, Lauren A. and Rapoport, Stanley I. and Cranfield, Michael R. and Dittus, Wolfgang and Glander, Kenneth E. and Oftedal, Olav T. and Power, Michael L. and Whittier, Christopher A. and Bazinet, Richard P.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={74–82} }
 @article{sherwood_whittier_nutter_al?_2004, title={Brain structure variation in great apes, with attention to the mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)}, volume={63}, DOI={10.1002/ajp.20048}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={American Journal of Primatology}, author={Sherwood, C. C. and Whittier, C. A. and Nutter, F. B. and al?}, year={2004}, pages={149–164} }
 @article{whittier_horne_slenning_loomis_stoskopf_2004, title={Comparison of storage methods for reverse-transcriptase PCR amplification of rotavirus RNA from gorilla (Gorilla g. gorilla) fecal samples}, volume={116}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Virological Methods}, author={Whittier, C. A. and Horne, W. and Slenning, B. and Loomis, M. and Stoskopf, M. K.}, year={2004}, month={Mar}, pages={17-} }
 @article{ali_cranfield_gaffikin_mudakikwa_ngeruka_whittier_2004, title={Occupational health and gorilla conservation in Rwanda}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1077-3525"]}, DOI={10.1179/oeh.2004.10.3.319}, abstractNote={Abstract The design and implementation of an employee health program for people who work with mountain. Gorillas in Rwanda is described. This program aims to improve worker health and to reduce human-to-gorilla transmission of infectious disease. The program covered approximately III workers, generally heal thy men and women 25–45 years old, including essentially all people in Rwanda who have regular contact with gorillas. Initial assessment included a questionnaire, medical examination, and local tests. U.S. laboratory facilities were utilized to confirm some results and for serologic testing for zoonotic (simian) viruses. Initial interventions included STD/HIV prevention health education, tetanus immunization, and anthelminthic treatment. Local physicians continue to provide health services, including follow-up testing and treatment. Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project (MGVP) veterinarians assist in planning and implementing continuing program components in collaboration with local health authorities and the other employing organizations.}, number={3}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH}, author={Ali, R and Cranfield, M and Gaffikin, L and Mudakikwa, T and Ngeruka, L and Whittier, C}, year={2004}, pages={319–325} }
 @article{silva_caccio_williams_won_nace_whittier_pieniazek_eberhard_2003, title={Molecular and morphologic characterization of a Cryptosporidium genotype identified in lemurs}, volume={111}, ISSN={["1873-2550"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0304-4017(02)00384-9}, abstractNote={This study reports the molecular and morphologic characterization of a Cryptosporidium sp., identified in stools of captive lemurs Propithecus verreauxi coquereli. Stool samples were collected from seven animals (n=7) presenting episodes of diarrhea. Bright-field light microscopy of stool smears stained with modified acid-fast technique revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts in four of the stool samples analyzed. All microscopically positive samples were confirmed by PCR using primers designed to amplify DNA fragments from two independent loci, i.e. the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene and the small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssrRNA) gene. Phylogenetic analysis based on the full-length ssrRNA gene placed this isolate within a clade that contains all currently known C. parvum species/genotypes, closely related to the C. parvum pig genotype. Comparison with partial ssrRNA sequences available in the GenBank revealed 100% sequence identity with the genotype previously identified in Canadian patients. This finding was confirmed further by comparison of the COWP gene partial sequences.}, number={4}, journal={VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY}, author={Silva, AJ and Caccio, S and Williams, C and Won, KY and Nace, EK and Whittier, C and Pieniazek, NJ and Eberhard, ML}, year={2003}, month={Feb}, pages={297–307} }