@misc{hauser_hinks_lee_lim_2007, title={Cationic bleach activator with enhanced hydrolytic stability}, volume={7,179,779}, number={2007 Feb. 20}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Hauser, P. J. and Hinks, D. and Lee, J. J. and Lim, S.-H.}, year={2007} }
 @article{lim_lee_hinks_hauser_2005, title={Bleaching of cotton with activated peroxide systems}, volume={121}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-4408.2005.tb00258.x}, abstractNote={The bleaching performance of a novel cationic bleach activator, N‐[4‐(triethylammoniomethyl)benzoyl]‐caprolactam chloride, was compared to that of nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate, a commercially available anionic bleach activator. The whiteness of bleached cotton fabric was used as a measure of the performance. Comparison of bleach performance and the effect of key variables were evaluated using a central composite experimental design. The performances of both activators increased with temperature and sodium hydroxide concentration. Also, the performance of the cationic bleach activator increased with activator concentration, while an increase in the concentration of nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate gave an adverse effect on the performance. It was found that the cationic bleach activator was superior to the anionic activator in the hot bleaching of cotton under the conditions studied.}, number={2}, journal={Coloration Technology}, author={Lim, S. H. and Lee, J. J. and Hinks, D. and Hauser, P.}, year={2005}, pages={89–95} }
 @article{lee_lim_hauser_hinks_2005, title={Stability of a novel cationic bleach activator in aqueous solution}, volume={121}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-4408.2005.tb00246.x}, abstractNote={The hydrolytic stability of a novel cationic bleach activator, N-[4-(triethylammoniomethyl)benzoyl]capro-lactam chloride, in aqueous solution has been investigated. After treatment with a bleach system, the whiteness of cotton fabric was measured. Assessment of the available oxygen was used to assess the stability of the bleach activator in solution with respect to time, using a method which minimised the effect of hydrogen peroxide on total available oxygen. Whereas the N-[4-(triethylammoniomethyl)benz-oyl]caprolactam chloride in solid form was found to be stable, in aqueous solution it was relatively easily hydrolysed. The effect of pH on its stability in solution was assessed. A good correlation was found between change in available oxygen on storage and bleaching performance.}, number={1}, journal={Coloration Technology}, author={Lee, J. J. and Lim, S. H. and Hauser, P. and Hinks, D.}, year={2005}, pages={37–40} }
 @article{lim_hudson_2004, title={Application of a fiber-reactive chitosan derivative to cotton fabric as an antimicrobial textile finish}, volume={56}, ISSN={["1879-1344"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbpol.2004.02.005}, abstractNote={A fiber-reactive chitosan derivative, O-acrylamidomethyl-N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chitosan chloride (NMA-HTCC), was applied to cotton fabrics by a cold pad-batch method in the presence of an alkaline catalyst to evaluate its use as a durable antimicrobial textile finish. The antimicrobial activities of the NMA-HTCC treated cotton fabrics were evaluated quantitatively against Staphylococcus aureus. The cotton treated with NMA-HTCC at a concentration of 1% on weight of fabric showed 100% of bacterial reduction. The activity was maintained over 99% even after being exposed to 50 consecutive home laundering condition. The effect of an anionic surfactant on the antimicrobial activity of the NMA-HTCC treated fabric was discussed.}, number={2}, journal={CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS}, author={Lim, SH and Hudson, SM}, year={2004}, month={Jun}, pages={227–234} }
 @article{lim_hudson_2004, title={Application of a fibre-reactive chitosan derivative to cotton fabric as a zero-salt dyeing auxiliary}, volume={120}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-4408.2004.tb00215.x}, abstractNote={Cotton fabric has been treated with a fibre‐reactive chitosan derivative containing quaternary ammonium groups, O‐acrylamidomethyl‐N‐[(2‐hydroxy‐3‐trimethylammonium)propyl]chitosan chloride (NMA‐HTCC). Cotton treated with NMA‐HTCC has been dyed with direct and reactive dyes without the addition of salt. The colour yield was higher than that on untreated cotton, despite the addition of a large amount salt in the latter case. After dyeing, cotton treated with NMA‐HTCC gave better wash fastness than the untreated cotton. The light fastness was however inferior to that on untreated cotton. The antimicrobial activity of cotton treated with NMA‐HTCC against Staphylococcus aureus was considerably lower after dyeing, probably due to the antimicrobial effect of the cationic group on NMA‐HTCC being blocked by its combination with the anionic dye.}, number={3}, journal={Coloration Technology}, author={Lim, S. H. and Hudson, S. M.}, year={2004}, pages={108–113} }
 @article{gursoy_lim_hinks_hauser_2004, title={Evaluating hydrogen peroxide bleaching with cationic bleach activators in a cold pad-batch process}, volume={74}, DOI={10.1177/004051750407401106}, abstractNote={ Bleach activators generate peracids in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and alkali that are more potent oxidizing agents than hydrogen peroxide under comparable bleaching conditions. The effects of key bleaching parameters (activator concentration, hydrogen peroxide, chelant, and pH) on the performance of cold pad-batch bleaching on cotton are investigated. Optimized recipes are determined for two cationic activators, N-[4-(triethylammoniomethyl) benzyl]ca prolactam chloride and 6-( N,N,N-trimethylammonio) hexanoyl caprolactam p-toluenesulfo nate, using a central composite experimental design. The laboratory optimized conditions are used for pilot plant scale bleaching of cotton knit fabric. CIE whiteness index values are calculated from measured reflectance data of the pilot scale bleaching and are in close agreement with those predicted by the experiment. A high level of whiteness ( CIE WI > 70) is achieved for both activators with 8-hour batching, and measurements of the degree of polymerization of the bleached and greige fabrics show little fiber damage in each case. }, number={11}, journal={Textile Research Journal}, author={Gursoy, N. C. and Lim, S. H. and Hinks, D. and Hauser, P.}, year={2004}, pages={970–976} }
 @article{lim_gursoy_hauser_hinks_2004, title={Performance of a new cationic bleach activator on a hydrogen peroxide bleaching system}, volume={120}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-4408.2004.tb00216.x}, abstractNote={The performance of a cationic bleach activator, N‐[4‐(triethylammoniomethyl)benzoyl]caprolactam chloride, was evaluated in a hot peroxide bleaching process. The effect of time, temperature and the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and activator on the bleaching of cotton fabric was investigated using a central composite experimental design. Temperature was found to be the most significant parameter. By adding the cationic activator it was possible to achieve a level of whiteness comparable to a typical commercial bleaching system but under relatively mild conditions of time and temperature. As a consequence, chemical damage to the fabric could be reduced. The effect of the cationic bleach activator was compared to that of an anionic activator, nonanoyloxybenzene sulphonate. The cationic activator was superior to the anionic activator in bleaching the fabric under the optimised conditions used in the study. Received: 13 January 2004, Accepted: 10 March 2004}, number={3}, journal={Coloration Technology}, author={Lim, S. H. and Gursoy, N. C. and Hauser, P. and Hinks, D.}, year={2004}, pages={114–118} }
 @article{lim_hudson_2004, title={Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of a water-soluble chitosan derivative with a fiber-reactive group}, volume={339}, ISSN={["1873-426X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.carres.2003.10.024}, abstractNote={A novel fiber-reactive chitosan derivative was synthesized in two steps from a chitosan of low molecular weight and low degree of acetylation. First, a water-soluble chitosan derivative, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl]chitosan chloride (HTCC), was prepared by introducing quaternary ammonium salt groups on the amino groups of chitosan. This derivative was further modified by introducing functional (acrylamidomethyl) groups, which can form covalent bonds with cellulose under alkaline conditions, on the primary alcohol groups (C-6) of the chitosan backbone. The fiber-reactive chitosan derivative, O-acrylamidomethyl-HTCC (NMA-HTCC), showed complete bacterial reduction within 20 min at the concentration of 10ppm, when contacted with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (1.5-2.5 x 10(5) colony forming units per milliliter [CFU/mL]).}, number={2}, journal={CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH}, author={Lim, SH and Hudson, SM}, year={2004}, month={Jan}, pages={313–319} }
 @misc{lim_hudson_2003, title={Review of chitosan and its derivatives as antimicrobial agents and their uses as textile chemicals}, volume={C43}, ISSN={["1532-1797"]}, DOI={10.1081/MC-120020161}, abstractNote={There is a greater demand for antimicrobial finishes on textile goods because consumers have become aware of the potential advantages of these materials. A number of other chemicals are also used i...}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE-POLYMER REVIEWS}, author={Lim, SH and Hudson, SM}, year={2003}, pages={223–269} }