@article{bartel_haddad_wright_2010, title={Ecosystem engineers maintain a rare species of butterfly and increase plant diversity}, volume={119}, ISSN={["1600-0706"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.18080.x}, abstractNote={We evaluated whether ecosystem engineers can accomplish two conservation goals simultaneously: (1) indirectly maintain populations of an endangered animal through habitat modifi cation and (2) increase riparian plant diversity. We tested for eff ects of a prominent ecosystem engineer, the beaver Castor canadensis, on populations of St. Francis’ satyr butterfl y Neonympha mitchellii francisci and plant species richness and composition. We performed our test by surveying riparian vegetation communities in all stages of beaver-infl uenced wetland succession. We found that beavers created wetland habitats that supported plant species not found elsewhere in riparian zones and increased plant species diversity across the landscape by creating a novel combination of patch types. Our results confi rmed what others have found about engineering eff ects on plant diversity, but these results further demonstrated a case where ecosystem engineers indirectly maintain populations of rare animals by modifying the composition and diversity of plant communities within wetlands. Our research demonstrates how an ecosystem engineer can infl uence habitat availability and composition of plant communities important for an endangered insect, and maintain overall plant species diversity by increasing habitat heterogeneity.}, number={5}, journal={OIKOS}, author={Bartel, Rebecca A. and Haddad, Nick M. and Wright, Justin P.}, year={2010}, month={May}, pages={883–890} }
 @article{bartel_sexton_2009, title={Monitoring habitat dynamics for rare and endangered species using satellite images and niche-based models}, volume={32}, number={5}, journal={Ecography}, author={Bartel, R. A. and Sexton, J. O.}, year={2009}, pages={888–896} }
 @article{kuefler_haddad_hall_hudgens_bartel_hoffman_2008, title={Distribution, population structure and habitat use of the endangered Saint Francis Satyr butterfly, Neonympha mitchellii francisci}, volume={159}, ISSN={["1938-4238"]}, DOI={10.1674/0003-0031(2008)159[298:DPSAHU]2.0.CO;2}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT The endangered St. Francis Satyr (Neonympha mitchellii francisci) is a small sedentary butterfly and one of the rarest in North America. Our study examined various quantitative aspects of this butterfly's biology, including the distributional range, habitat associations, population size and trends, demographic parameters and spatial aspects of population structure. The range of N.m. francisci distribution is restricted to DoD lands at Ft. Bragg, North Carolina, where the butterfly utilizes wetland habitats, predominantly those that have previously been impounded by beaver. In situ habitat associations and captive rearing experiments indicate that multiple sedges in the genus Carex, particularly C. mitchelliana, may be important larval food plants. Subpopulation estimates range between 49–739 individuals at any one site, while cumulative population estimates range between 700–1400 individuals for all accessible areas on Ft. Bragg. Habitats occupied by N.m. francisci are frequently subject to burning or flooding and thus butterfly subpopulations are extremely dynamic, fluctuating in response to these disturbances. This regular disturbance regime dictates that dispersal is necessary for population persistence. Several inter-colony movements were measured during capture-recapture studies and we observed both subpopulation extinctions and colonization of new habitat through the period of our studies. Conservation of N.m. francisci depends on accommodating unique aspects of its populations, including its dependence on beaver and its multi-tiered metapopulation structure.}, number={2}, journal={AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST}, author={Kuefler, Daniel and Haddad, Nick M. and Hall, Stephen and Hudgens, Brian and Bartel, Becky and Hoffman, Erich}, year={2008}, month={Apr}, pages={298–320} }
 @article{bartel_knowlton_stoddart_2008, title={LONG-TERM PATTERNS IN MAMMALIAN ABUNDANCE IN NORTHERN PORTIONS OF THE GREAT BASIN}, volume={89}, ISSN={["1545-1542"]}, DOI={10.1644/07-MAMM-A-378.1}, abstractNote={Abstract We collected long-term indices of mammalian abundance at 2 sites in the Great Basin: Curlew Valley in northern Utah, and the Idaho National Laboratory in southeastern Idaho. Abundance patterns were examined for 1 predator, the coyote (Canis latrans), and its prey community including 9 species of rodents and 3 species of lagomorphs. Our results suggest cycles with a period of 10–11 years among the main prey species, Lepus californicus. Responses of C. latrans to prey fluctuations were variable among study areas, with abundance levels of coyotes remaining high during declines in prey populations in Curlew Valley. Abundance indices were generally low for all species of rodents except Peromyscus maniculatus. Although many of the rodents demonstrated consistent biannual fluctuations, we could not statistically confirm multiseasonal cyclic patterns. Population levels of coyotes seem to reflect a combination of factors including abundance of both monitored species of prey and alternate prey groups, and human harvest.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY}, author={Bartel, Rebecca A. and Knowlton, Frederick F. and Stoddart, L. Charles}, year={2008}, month={Oct}, pages={1170–1183} }
 @article{hess_bartel_leidner_rosenfeld_rubino_snider_ricketts_2006, title={Effectiveness of biodiversity indicators varies with extent, grain, and region}, volume={132}, ISSN={["1873-2917"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.biocon.2006.04.037}, abstractNote={Abstract The use of indicator taxa for conservation planning is common, despite inconsistent evidence regarding their effectiveness. These inconsistencies may be the result of differences among species and taxonomic groups studied, geographic location, or scale of analysis. The scale of analysis can be defined by grain and extent, which are often confounded. Grain is the size of each observational unit and extent is the size of the entire study area. Using species occurrence records compiled by NatureServe from survey data, range maps, and expert opinion, we examined correlations in species richness between each of seven taxa (amphibians, birds, butterflies, freshwater fish, mammals, freshwater mussels, and reptiles) and total richness of the remaining six taxa at varying grains and extents in two regions of the US (Mid-Atlantic and Pacific Northwest). We examined four different spatial units of interest: hexagon (∼649 km 2 ), subecoregion (3800–34,000 km 2 ), ecoregion (8300–79,000 km 2 ), and geographic region (315,000–426,000 km 2 ). We analyzed the correlations with varying extent of analysis (grain held constant at the hexagon) and varying grain (extent held constant at the region). The strength of correlation among taxa was context dependent, varying widely with grain, extent, region, and taxon. This suggests that (1) taxon, grain, extent, and study location explain, in part, inconsistent results of previous studies; (2) planning based on indicator relationships developed at other grains or extents should be undertaken cautiously; and (3) planning based on indicator relationships developed in other geographic locations is risky, even if planning occurs at an equivalent grain and extent.}, number={4}, journal={BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Hess, George R. and Bartel, Rebecca A. and Leidner, Allison K. and Rosenfeld, Kristen M. and Rubino, Matthew J. and Snider, Sunny B. and Ricketts, Taylor H.}, year={2006}, month={Oct}, pages={448–457} }
 @article{bartel_brunson_2003, title={Effects of Utah's coyote bounty program on harvester behavior}, volume={31}, number={3}, journal={Wildlife Society Bulletin}, author={Bartel, R. A. and Brunson, M. W.}, year={2003}, pages={736–743} }