@article{dai_jameel_chang_2006, title={Precipitation of extractives onto kraft pulps during black liquor recycling in extended delignification process}, volume={26}, ISSN={["0277-3813"]}, DOI={10.1080/02773810600582210}, abstractNote={Abstract Our objective was to study the extractives content and the bleachability of batch extended delignified kraft pulps during the black liquor recycling. Extractives accumulated in the black liquor during the black liquor recycling. Some of the extractives in the black liquor precipitated on the pulps in the pretreatment stage, which affected the bleachability of pulps. For softwood, after 5 stages of black liquor recycling, the extractive content of the kraft pulps increased by up to 4 times and the final brightness decreased up to 2.4% ISO. The amount of extractives precipitating on the pulps strongly depended on the final pH of the pretreatment black liquor, which was determined by the operating conditions such as sulfidity, alkali charge, and pretreatment temperature. High alkalinity and low pretreatment temperature was the most efficient combination to minimize extractives from precipitating, and to maintain high bleachability of the kraft pulps. For hardwood, large amounts of extractives precipitated onto fibers, and the extractive content, especially the neutral extractive content, of the hardwood kraft pulps was high. During the black liquor recycling, the drop of the final brightness of hardwood kraft pulps was larger than that of the softwood kraft pulps.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Dai, QZ and Jameel, H and Chang, HM}, year={2006}, pages={35–51} }
 @article{dai_jameel_chang_kadla_2004, title={Bleachability of kraft pulps from earlywood and latewood of fast-growing loblolly pine}, volume={24}, ISSN={["0277-3813"]}, DOI={10.1081/wct-200046256}, abstractNote={Abstract The pulping and bleaching properties of earlywood and latewood of a fast‐growing loblolly pine were studied. Under the same pulping condition, the kappa number of the latewood kraft pulp was higher than that of the earlywood. At around the same kappa number, the yield of the latewood was higher than that of the earlywood. The bleaching results showed that the latewood kraft pulp had lower bleachability than the earlywood kraft pulp, due to its thicker cell wall and slower leaching rate.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF WOOD CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Dai, QZ and Jameel, H and Chang, HM and Kadla, JF}, year={2004}, pages={357–370} }
 @article{dai_gilbert_kadla_2004, title={Synthesis, characterization, and mesophase formation of phenylacetoxy cellulose and its halogenated derivatives}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1526-4602"]}, DOI={10.1021/bm034245q}, abstractNote={A series of phenylacetoxy cellulosics with degrees of substitution (DS) between 1.4 and 3.0 and different halogenation (2-chloro, 3-chloro, 4-chloro, 2,4-dichloro, 3,4-dichloro, and 4-bromo) were synthesized. All the prepared phenylacetoxy cellulosics were soluble in dimethylformamide (DMF) and DMAc. The solubility increased with increasing DS. Mesophases were observed for all of the phenylacetoxy cellulosics with low to medium DS (DS < 2.5) in DMF and DMAc. Non- or mono-halogeneated phenylacetoxy cellulosics with high DS (DS > 1.9) were soluble in methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), whereas those with very low DS or di-halogenation on the phenyl ring were only slightly swollen or partially soluble in CH2Cl2. Non- and mono-halogenated phenylacetoxy cellulosics were soluble in DMSO and formed liquid crystals regardless of the DS, in contrast to CH2Cl2 solutions which display liquid crystalline behavior at medium to high DS (DS > 1.9) only. The solubility of the di-halogenated phenylacetoxy cellulosics in DMSO was limited to approximately 40 wt %.}, number={1}, journal={BIOMACROMOLECULES}, author={Dai, QZ and Gilbert, RD and Kadla, JF}, year={2004}, pages={74–80} }