@article{suwanruji_freeman_2006, title={Design, synthesis and application of easy wash-off reactive dyes}, volume={122}, ISSN={["1478-4408"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-4408.2006.00002.x}, abstractNote={New dyes that not only give good fixation levels but also relatively low substantivity in the hydrolysed form were the targets of this research. Our approach involved lowering the substantivity of the hydrolysed dye by reducing the planarity that is required for dyes to have high substantivity on cotton. In this regard, bifunctional bis‐dichlorotriazine (bis‐DCT) and tetrafunctional bis‐monochlorotriazine/bis‐sulphatoethyl sulphone [bis‐(MCT/SES)] reactive dyes were made, using selected diaminobiphenyls. Bis‐DCT bifunctional reactive dyes were applied to cotton by a pad–batch method, while bis‐(MCT/SES) tetrafunctional reactive dyes were applied to cotton by a pad–dry–cure. Following dye application, it was found that the resultant hydrolysed dyes easily washed off the fibre surface and that the dyed cotton fabrics had colour fastness to rubbing and laundering properties that were comparable with the commercial prototypes used in this study. However, it is also apparent that the combination of relatively low water solubility and large molecular size has an adverse effect on fibre penetration.}, number={1}, journal={COLORATION TECHNOLOGY}, author={Suwanruji, P and Freeman, HS}, year={2006}, pages={27–36} }
 @article{volna_holcapek_suwanruji_freeman_2006, title={Mass spectrometric analysis of sulphonated dyes based on diaminobiphenyls}, volume={122}, ISSN={["1478-4408"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-4408.2006.00001.x}, abstractNote={The title dyes, a group of new homo‐bireactive disazo reactive dyes having molecular masses of 1000–1400 Da, were developed because of their potential use as low salt, easy wash‐off colorants for cotton. Following dye synthesis from diaminobiphenyls with and without substituents in the 2,2′‐positions, negative‐ion electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) was used to characterise the dyes. The MS obtained were characterised by signals arising from [M − xH]x− ions plus fragment ions produced by cleavage at C–N bonds adjacent to the azo linkage. In addition, better results were produced when J‐acid was the coupler employed rather than H‐acid. The characteristic fragmentation behaviour of the studied dyes is discussed and illustrated on selected example.}, number={1}, journal={COLORATION TECHNOLOGY}, author={Volna, K and Holcapek, M and Suwanruji, P and Freeman, HS}, year={2006}, pages={22–26} }
 @article{suwanruji_freeman_zhao_2004, title={Studies toward a universal dye for textile fibres}, volume={120}, DOI={10.1111/j.1478-4408.2004.tb00121.x}, abstractNote={A new organic dye was synthesised as part of an approach to producing a dye that could be applied to any of a variety of widely used fibre types. The dye synthesised is best described as a disperse‐reactive dye and was obtained from a sequence of reactions that used an acid yellow dye as a starting compound. Dichlorotriazine was used as the reactive group in the target dye and the chemical structures of the new dye and its precursors were confirmed using 1H NMR, mass spectrometry and FTIR analyses. In the neutral form, the dye was suitable for polyester, nylon and wool fibres. When the pH was adjusted to 9 it dyed cotton, albeit in a pastel shade only. By adding N, N‐dimethylethylenediamine to the dyebath, the dye could be applied to acrylic fabric at pH 5. The fastness of the dyed fibres was also evaluated.}, number={5}, journal={Coloration Technology}, author={Suwanruji, P. and Freeman, H. S. and Zhao, D. F.}, year={2004}, pages={220–225} }