@article{ban_chai_guo_ban_lucia_2008, title={Chemical response of hardwood oligosaccharides as a statistical function of isolation protocol}, volume={56}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, DOI={10.1021/jf0727037}, abstractNote={Hardwoods contain a substantial amount of hemicellulose-type oligosaccharides, the chemical structures of which are typically categorized in the xylan saccharide class. The efficient and selective isolation of these hemicelluloses is regarded as one of the most critical obstacles to overcome for their eventual biomaterial and bioenergy utilization. Therefore, the objective of the current work was to perform a fundamental exploration of the function of extraction pH, temperature, and time on the final chemical properties of the extracted hemicelluloses. The extraction chemistries employed varied pH and showed that acidic conditions provided a higher extractive yield versus alkaline conditions. An alkaline environment gave higher yields than an acidic environment and also resulted in much higher lignin removal from wood, especially at high temperature. In general, control of the pH chemistry leads to a change in the carboxylic acid groups present in the extracts. When the extraction pH changed from acidic to alkaline, the total carboxylic acid group content in the hemicelluloses removed significantly increased due to more acetic acid group hydrolysis and increased lignin degradation.}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Ban, Lan and Chai, Xinsheng and Guo, Jiqiang and Ban, Weiping and Lucia, Lucian A.}, year={2008}, month={May}, pages={2953–2959} }
 @article{liu_ban_wang_lucia_2008, title={The influence of green liquor and anthraquinone-modified kraft pulping on hexenuronic acid and carboxylic acid group contents in high lignin pulps}, volume={61}, number={1}, journal={Appita Journal}, author={Liu, Q. J. and Ban, W. P. and Wang, S. F. and Lucia, L. A.}, year={2008}, pages={60-} }
 @inbook{lucian_argyropoulos_ban_song_2007, title={Modifying the functionality of starch films with natural polymers}, volume={954}, ISBN={9780841239814}, DOI={10.1021/bk-2007-0954.ch013}, abstractNote={The physical and chemical properties of composite starch-based films containing cellulosic fiber, chitosan, and gelatin were investigated. Films containing both cellulosic fibers and chitosan demonstrated tremendous enhancements in film strength and gas permeation. The water absorbency of composite films could be greatly reduced in film composites containing cellulosic fibers and gelatin, but the inclusion of chitosan into these films provided a higher hydrophilicity, increasing water absorbency. Film transparency was not noticeably affected in the composite films that were made. These films may have wide application in the food packaging, agricultural mulching, and the biomedical industries.}, booktitle={Materials, chemicals and energy from forest biomass}, publisher={Washington, DC: ACS Books}, author={Lucian, A. L. and Argyropoulos, Dimitris and Ban, W. and Song, J.}, year={2007}, pages={200–218} }
 @article{ban_jianguosong_argyropous_lucia_2006, title={Improving the physical and chemical functionality of starch-derived films with biopolymers}, volume={100}, ISSN={["1097-4628"]}, DOI={10.1002/app.23698}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE}, author={Ban, WP and JianguoSong and Argyropous, DS and Lucia, LA}, year={2006}, month={May}, pages={2542–2548} }
 @article{liu_singh_wang_ban_lucia_2005, title={Influence of green liquor and AQ-modified kraft pulping on fiber hexenuronic acid and carboxyl group content for linerboard grade pulp}, volume={39}, number={38478}, journal={Cellulose Chemistry and Technology}, author={Liu, Q. J. and Singh, J. M. and Wang, S. F. and Ban, W. P. and Lucia, L. A.}, year={2005}, pages={483–497} }
 @article{ban_lucia_2005, title={Kinetic profiling of green liquor-modified Kraft pulping}, volume={44}, ISSN={["0888-5885"]}, DOI={10.1021/ie048762g}, abstractNote={The kinetic features of the process of delignification in green liquor (GL) pretreatment kraft pulping were investigated in this study. GL pretreatment can accelerate pulping by providing a faster delignification rate at the onset of the bulk delignification stage of pulping. In addition, GL pretreatment increases the efficiency of the chemical reactions occurring during the pulping process. A good correlation between chemical performance and lignin removal was established for the GL-modified pulping process. The pulping chemicals were mainly consumed during bulk delignification, and the relative efficiency of reaction for the hydrosulfide and hydroxide anions for delignification were 2 and 1.6 times higher, respectively, as compared to conventional kraft pulping.}, number={9}, journal={INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH}, author={Ban, WP and Lucia, LA}, year={2005}, month={Apr}, pages={2948–2954} }
 @article{ban_mancosky_lucia_2004, title={Evaluation of the pulping response of juvenile and mature black spruce compression wood}, volume={38}, journal={Cellulose Chemistry and Technology}, author={Ban, W. and Mancosky, D. and Lucia, L. A.}, year={2004}, pages={79–85} }
 @article{ban_song_lucia_2004, title={Insight into the chemical behavior of softwood carbohydrates during high-sulfidity green liquor pretreatment}, volume={43}, ISSN={["0888-5885"]}, DOI={10.1021/ie034030x}, abstractNote={About 20% of the total wood carbohydrates removed from softwood chips from a pretreatment with a high-sulfidity, carbonate-rich solution known as green liquor (GL) are mainly derived from glucose and mannose. The salient chemical events occurring during GL pretreatment are sugar readsorption in a neutral or slightly alkaline environment and substantial mannan dissolution. However, it appears that pentose saccharides are more easily adsorbed onto fibers than hexose saccharides. Mannose, for example, undergoes degradation easily, with no obvious readsorption during the entire process. A higher GL concentration can enhance both tendencies of reabsorption and degradation. A striking finding is that, during the pretreatment phase, hydrogen sulfide appears to react with wood composites to form a very tight bond that appears to be chemical in nature. The apparent chemical bonding behavior of sulfur in wood correlates with carbohydrates retention: a higher level of bonded sulfur results in higher carbohydrates retention. Finally, various additives applied during GL pretreatment were found to exert a significant influence on sugar retention.}, number={6}, journal={INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH}, author={Ban, W and Song, J and Lucia, LA}, year={2004}, month={Mar}, pages={1366–1372} }
 @article{wang_lucia_ban_2004, title={The effect of green liquor/anthraquinone-modified Kraft pulping on the physical and chemical properties of hardwoods}, volume={57}, journal={Appita Journal}, author={Wang, S. and Lucia, L. A. and Ban, W.}, year={2004}, pages={475–480} }
 @article{ban_wang_lucia_2004, title={The relationship of pretreatment pulping parameters with respect to pulp qualities: optimization of green liquor pretreatment conditions for improved Kraft pulping}, volume={86}, journal={Paperi Ja Puu = Paper and Timber}, author={Ban, W. and Wang, S. and Lucia, L. A.}, year={2004}, pages={102–108} }
 @article{ban_lucia_2003, title={Enhancing Kraft pulping through unconventional, higher sulfide-containing pretreatment liquors: a review}, volume={2}, journal={TAPPI Journal}, author={Ban, W. and Lucia, L. A.}, year={2003} }
 @article{ban_lucia_2003, title={Kraft green liquor pretreatment of softwood chips. 1. Chemical sorption profiles}, volume={42}, ISSN={["0888-5885"]}, DOI={10.1021/ie020491r}, abstractNote={The chemical sorption characteristics of typical kraft mill green liquor (GL) chemicals into loblolly pine softwood chips were analyzed as part of a larger study investigating new, low-capital kraft pulping modifications. Specifically, the sorption profiles of hydroxide (alkali), hydrosulfide, and carbonate ions from industrially supplied GL into wood chips were compared and contrasted. The influence of pretreatment conditions, such as GL charge, pretreatment temperature, and time, were the main variables controlled to assess their influence on chemical sorption profiles. The results indicated that significant differences existed for the sorption characteristics of each chemical component. Alkali and sulfide showed more affinity for wood components than carbonate during the pretreatment. Thus, the order of decreasing sorption rates was as follows: alkali and sulfide, followed by carbonate. In general, it was found that pretreatment of wood chips with GL under a moderate GL charge and higher temperatures provides the maximum sulfide concentration in wood chips, although extended times are not necessary.}, number={3}, journal={INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH}, author={Ban, WP and Lucia, LA}, year={2003}, month={Feb}, pages={646–652} }
 @article{ban_singh_wang_lucia_2003, title={Kraft green liquor pretreatment of softwood chips. Part II: Chemical effect on pulp carbohydrates}, volume={4}, journal={Journal of Pulp and Paper Science}, author={Ban, W. and Singh, J. and Wang, S. and Lucia, L. A.}, year={2003}, pages={114–119} }
 @article{ban_singh_a._lucia_2003, title={Kraft green liquor pretreatment of softwood chips. Part III: Lignin chemical modifications}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1437-434X"]}, DOI={10.1515/HF.2003.041}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={3}, journal={HOLZFORSCHUNG}, author={Ban, W. and Singh, J. and A. and Lucia, L.}, year={2003}, pages={275–281} }
 @article{ban_lucia_2003, title={Melhorando A polpacao Kraft mediante licores de pre-tratamento nao convencionais, com maior teor de sulfeto--uma revisao}, volume={64}, journal={O Papel}, author={Ban, W. and Lucia, L. A.}, year={2003}, pages={21–31} }
 @article{ban_lucia_2003, title={Relationship between the kraft green liquor sulfide chemical form and the physical and chemical behavior of softwood chips during pretreatment}, volume={42}, ISSN={["0888-5885"]}, DOI={10.1021/ie030018t}, abstractNote={Chemical pretreatment of softwood chips with kraft mill green liquor results in the selective retention of various chemicals in the chips. It was found that each chemical component in the green liquor exhibits a different physicochemical behavior in the wood. For example, sulfide was determined to exist in wood chips in three distinct forms:  free (in the bulk), adsorbed (physically entrained in the solid matrix), and chemically bonded (that cannot be leached). The ratios among these forms are a function of the pretreatment conditions employed. For example, high temperatures and high sulfide concentrations increase the amounts of both the adsorbed and chemically bonded forms. Meanwhile, surfactants, anthraquinone (AQ, a pulping catalyst), and polysulfide (PS, an active pulping chemical) added to a green liquor pretreatment scheme augment the levels of the chemically bonded form. This investigation into the influence of the pretreatment conditions on sulfide behavior demonstrated that lignin dissolution is...}, number={16}, journal={INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH}, author={Ban, WP and Lucia, LA}, year={2003}, month={Aug}, pages={3831–3837} }