@article{tuttle_maclean_linder_cullen_wolfe_loomis_2009, title={ACQUIRED ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA IN A GRIZZLY BEAR (URSUS ARCTOS HORRIBILIS)}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1042-7260"]}, DOI={10.1638/2007-0030.1}, abstractNote={Abstract A captive adult male grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) was evaluated due to multifocal wounds of the skin and subcutaneous tissues sustained as a result of trauma from another grizzly bear. On presentation, one lesion that was located in the perineal region seemed to be a deep puncture with purple tissue protruding from it. This perineal wound did not heal in the same manner or rate as did the other wounds. Twenty-five days after initial detection, substantial active hemorrhage from the lesion occurred and necessitated anesthesia for examination of the bear. The entire lesion was surgically excised, which later proved curative. An acquired arteriovenous fistula was diagnosed via histopathology. Arteriovenous fistulas can develop after traumatic injury and should be considered as a potential complication in bears with nonhealing wounds.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Tuttle, Allison D. and MacLean, Robert A. and Linder, Keith and Cullen, John M. and Wolfe, Barbara A. and Loomis, Michael}, year={2009}, month={Mar}, pages={193–195} }
 @article{chinnadurai_brown_van wettere_tuttle_fatzinger_linder_harms_2008, title={MORTALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH SEPSIS, PARASITISM, AND DISSEMINATED ROUND CELL NEOPLASIA IN YELLOW-LIPPED SEA KRAITS (LATICAUDA COLUBRINA)}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1937-2825"]}, DOI={10.1638/2008-0018.1}, abstractNote={Abstract This case series describes multiple mortalities associated with sepsis, neoplasia, and endoparasitism in yellow-lipped sea kraits (Laticauda colubrina) at an exhibit aquarium. Over a 2-yr period, the facility kept 42 L. colubrina, of which 38 died and 19 were suitable for necropsy and histopathology. The common clinical syndrome seen in these animals consisted of partial to compete anorexia, increased time spent “hauled-out” on land, intermittent regurgitation, chronic lethargy, and weight loss. Few animals died without premonitory signs. Nutritional support and treatment for presumptive parasitism and sepsis were unsuccessful. The mortality seen in this collection of sea kraits could be placed into three groups; one group of animals (n = 9) died of sepsis secondary to necrotizing enteritis or pneumonia; one group (n = 6) remained apparently healthy for over 1 yr and then died with multifocal granulomas and sepsis; and the last group (n = 3) died as a result of multicentric lymphoid neoplasia with secondary sepsis. The unifying factor in the majority of these cases is the presence of septicemia as the proximate cause of death. Based on the clinical picture, it is presumed that an immunosuppressive event, such as transport, captivity stress, or possible concurrent viral infection, resulted in a septic event and death.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Chinnadurai, Sathya K. and Brown, Danielle L. and Van Wettere, Arnaud and Tuttle, Allison D. and Fatzinger, Michael H. and Linder, Keith E. and Harms, Craig A.}, year={2008}, month={Dec}, pages={626–630} }
 @article{tuttle_burrus_burkart_scott_stoskopf_harms_2008, title={Three cases of gastric prolapse through the gill slit in sand tiger sharks, Carcharhinus taurus (Rafinesque)}, volume={31}, ISSN={["0140-7775"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2761.2007.00881.x}, abstractNote={Journal of Fish DiseasesVolume 31, Issue 4 p. 311-315 Three cases of gastric prolapse through the gill slit in sand tiger sharks, Carcharhinus taurus (Rafinesque) A D Tuttle, A D Tuttle Environmental Medicine Consortium, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Center for Marine Sciences and Technology at North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorO Burrus, O Burrus North Carolina Aquarium, Roanoke Island, Manteo, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorM A Burkart, M A Burkart Roanoke Island Animal Clinic, Manteo, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorP W Scott, P W Scott Zoo & Aquatic Veterinary Group, Biotope Ltd, Keanter, Winchester, UKSearch for more papers by this authorM K Stoskopf, M K Stoskopf Environmental Medicine Consortium, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Center for Marine Sciences and Technology at North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorC A Harms, C A Harms Environmental Medicine Consortium, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Center for Marine Sciences and Technology at North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author A D Tuttle, A D Tuttle Environmental Medicine Consortium, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Center for Marine Sciences and Technology at North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorO Burrus, O Burrus North Carolina Aquarium, Roanoke Island, Manteo, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorM A Burkart, M A Burkart Roanoke Island Animal Clinic, Manteo, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorP W Scott, P W Scott Zoo & Aquatic Veterinary Group, Biotope Ltd, Keanter, Winchester, UKSearch for more papers by this authorM K Stoskopf, M K Stoskopf Environmental Medicine Consortium, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Center for Marine Sciences and Technology at North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorC A Harms, C A Harms Environmental Medicine Consortium, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA and Center for Marine Sciences and Technology at North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 18 March 2008 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2007.00881.xCitations: 3 Dr C. Harms, Environmental Medicine Consortium, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA(e-mail: [email protected]) Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume31, Issue4April 2008Pages 311-315 RelatedInformation}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES}, author={Tuttle, A. D. and Burrus, O. and Burkart, M. A. and Scott, P. W. and Stoskopf, M. K. and Harms, C. A.}, year={2008}, month={Apr}, pages={311–315} }
 @article{tuttle_frederico_linder_gunkel_remick_redding_2007, title={Pathological fracture of the ulna due to osteosarcoma in an Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius)}, volume={161}, ISSN={["0042-4900"]}, DOI={10.1136/vr.161.1.30}, abstractNote={OSTEOSARCOMA, a malignant mesenchymal neoplasia originating within bone, occurs only rarely in large animal species (Cotchin 1960, 1977, Pascoe and Summers 1981, Pool 1998). The long bones are the primary site for osteosarcoma in small animals, while in large animals the common sites are generally the skull and mandible (Thorpe and Graham 1934, Pospischil and others 1982, Livesey and Wilkie 1986, Steinberg and George 1989, Plumlee and others 1993, Pool 1998, Perez-Martinez and others 1999), although osteosarcomas have been reported to affect the pelvis, vertebrae, ribs and, rarely, the appendicular skeleton in domestic ruminants and equine species (Heimann 1975, Rosenberger 1975, Livesey and Wilkie 1986, Zaruby and others 1993, Wan and others 1994, Nelson and Baker 1998, Jenner and others 2003). This short communication describes a case of pathological fracture secondary to osteosarcoma in an Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius). A seven-year-old intact female Arabian camel was presented to the North Carolina State University’s College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of a left forelimb lameness of three days’ duration. The camel was found at pasture with an acute, non-weight-bearing lameness on the left forelimb, which was swollen in the radiohumeral region. Treatment with butorphanol (0·06 mg/kg orally every 24 hours), diazepam (0·02 mg/kg orally every 24 hours), and a single oral dose of 1·1 mg/kg flunixin meglumine had been administered by the referring veterinarian. The camel had calved eight months previously, and had given birth to one other calf before that, but had no other significant medical history. Upon arrival, the camel was quiet and dull, with a normal rectal temperature (37·7°C, reference range 36·4 to 42°C), tachycardia (88 bpm, reference range 40 to 50 bpm) and tachypnoea (28 breaths/minute, reference range 5 to 12 breaths/minute). Auscultation of the heart and lungs revealed no audible abnormalities. The faeces were soft, and adequate borborygmi were audible in all four abdominal quadrants. The body condition score was 4/9. Severe lameness (grade 4/5) was apparent in the left forelimb, with moderate swelling around the left elbow. Radiographs of the left radiohumeral joint revealed a cranially displaced oblique articular fracture involving the proximal ulna. The fracture line extended from the trochlear notch to the caudal surface of the ulna distal to the olecranon. Slight radiolucencies were noted in the bone at the cranial edge of the fracture (Figs 1, 2). Cranial displacement of the distal radius and ulna had resulted in subluxation of the radiohumeral joint. A complete blood count revealed mild anaemia (packed-cell volume 21 per cent, reference range 24 to 42 per cent) and a regenerative neutrophilia (white blood cell count 19·8 x 103 cells/μl [reference range 2·9 x 103 to 9·7 x 103 cells/μl]; absolute numbers of bands 0·2 x 103 cells/μl [the presence of any bands is considered abnormal]). A serum chemistry panel revealed mildly elevated levels of globulin (46 g/l, reference range 28 to 44 g/l) and gamma glutyltransferase (39·0 iu/l, reference range 0 to 20 iu/l), Veterinary Record (2007) 161, 30-33}, number={1}, journal={VETERINARY RECORD}, author={Tuttle, A. D. and Frederico, L. and Linder, K. and Gunkel, C. and Remick, A. and Redding, R.}, year={2007}, month={Jul}, pages={30–33} }
 @article{birkenheuer_harms_neel_marr_tucker_acton_tuttle_stoskopf_2007, title={The identification of a genetically unique piroplasma in North American river otters (Lontra canadensis)}, volume={134}, ISSN={["1469-8161"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249725062&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1017/S0031182006002095}, abstractNote={SUMMARY During a routine health check of a wild-caught North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) small piroplasms were noted within erythrocytes. Analyses of the 18S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequences determined that this was a genetically unique organism most closely related to Babesia microti-like parasites found in other small carnivores. Subsequently 39 wild-trapped North American river otters from North Carolina were tested for the presence of piroplasma deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) via polymerase chain reaction and piroplasma DNA was detected in 82% (32/39) of these samples. Sequencing of partial 18S rRNA genes from selected cases determined that they were identical to the sentinel case. This report documents the existence of a genetically unique piroplasma in North American river otters and indicates that the prevalence of piroplasma in North Carolina otters is quite high. The pathogenic potential of this organism for otters or other species remains unknown.}, number={5}, journal={PARASITOLOGY}, author={Birkenheuer, A. J. and Harms, C. A. and Neel, J. and Marr, H. S. and Tucker, M. D. and Acton, A. E. and Tuttle, A. D. and Stoskopf, M. K.}, year={2007}, month={May}, pages={631–635} }
 @article{tuttle_papich_wolfe_2006, title={Bone marrow hypoplasia secondary to florfenicol toxicity in a Thomson's gazelle (Gazella thomsonii)}, volume={29}, ISSN={["0140-7783"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00741.x}, abstractNote={Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and TherapeuticsVolume 29, Issue 4 p. 317-319 Bone marrow hypoplasia secondary to florfenicol toxicity in a Thomson's gazelle (Gazella thomsonii) A. D. TUTTLE, A. D. TUTTLE Departments of *Clinical Sciences and †Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; ‡North Carolina Zoological Park, Asheboro, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorM. G. PAPICH, M. G. PAPICH Departments of *Clinical Sciences and †Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; ‡North Carolina Zoological Park, Asheboro, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. A. WOLFE, B. A. WOLFE Departments of *Clinical Sciences and †Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; ‡North Carolina Zoological Park, Asheboro, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author A. D. TUTTLE, A. D. TUTTLE Departments of *Clinical Sciences and †Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; ‡North Carolina Zoological Park, Asheboro, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorM. G. PAPICH, M. G. PAPICH Departments of *Clinical Sciences and †Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; ‡North Carolina Zoological Park, Asheboro, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorB. A. WOLFE, B. A. WOLFE Departments of *Clinical Sciences and †Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC; ‡North Carolina Zoological Park, Asheboro, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 03 July 2006 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00741.xCitations: 8 Dr Allison D. Tuttle, Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA. E-mail: allison_tuttle@ncsu.edu Present address: Dr Barbara A. Wolfe, The Wilds, 14000 International Road, Cumberland, OH 43732, USA. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume29, Issue4August 2006Pages 317-319 RelatedInformation}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS}, author={Tuttle, AD and Papich, MG and Wolfe, BA}, year={2006}, month={Aug}, pages={317–319} }
 @article{tuttle_law_harms_lewbart_harvey_2006, title={Evaluation of the gross and histologic reactions to five commonly used suture materials in the skin of the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)}, volume={45}, number={6}, journal={Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science}, author={Tuttle, A. D. and Law, J. M. and Harms, C. A. and Lewbart, G. A. and Harvey, S. B.}, year={2006}, pages={22–26} }
 @article{tuttle_papich_lewbart_christian_gunkel_harms_2006, title={Pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen in the green iguana (Iguana iguana) following single intravenous and intramuscular injections}, volume={37}, ISSN={["1937-2825"]}, DOI={10.1638/06-029.1}, abstractNote={Abstract The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug ketoprofen (KTP) is a commonly used antiinflammatory and analgesic agent in reptile medicine, but no studies documenting its pharmacokinetics in this species have been published. Ketoprofen was administered as a racemic mixture to green iguanas (Iguana iguana) intravenously (i.v.) and intramuscularly (i.m.) at 2 mg/kg. Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed and indicated that ketoprofen in iguanas administered by the intravenous route has a classical two-compartmental distribution pattern, a slow clearance (67 ml/ kg/hr) and a long terminal half-life (31 hr) compared to ketoprofen studies reported in mammals. When delivered by the intramuscular route, bioavailability was 78%. These data indicate the daily dosing that is generally recommended for reptile patients, as an extrapolation from mammalian data, may be more frequent than necessary.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Tuttle, Allison D. and Papich, Mark and Lewbart, Gregory A. and Christian, Shane and Gunkel, Conny and Harms, Craig A.}, year={2006}, month={Dec}, pages={567–570} }
 @article{tuttle_andreadis_frasca_dunn_2005, title={Eastern equine encephalitis in a flock of African penguins maintained at an aquarium}, volume={226}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.2005.226.2059}, abstractNote={Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) was diagnosed in a flock of African penguins. Diagnosis was based on history and clinical signs and confirmed via serologic testing, virus isolation, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, and histologic examination. Clinical signs in penguins included anorexia, behavior changes, depression, regurgitation, ataxia, recumbency, and seizures, and some penguins did not have any clinical signs. Mean +/- SD number of days that affected penguins had clinical signs was 12 +/- 5 days. Abnormalities initially detected on CBC included heterophilic leukocytosis and anemia; lymphocytosis and monocytosis were detected later. Plasma biochemical abnormalities included high activities of aspartate amino-transferase and creatine kinase, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hyperglycemia, and high concentrations of globulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Mean +/- SD number of days required for resolution of CBC and plasma biochemical abnormalities was 67 +/- 24 days after the onset of clinical signs. Treatment consisted of supportive therapy. All penguins survived with the exception of one that was euthanatized; histopathologic findings were consistent with encephalitis. Results of RT-PCR assays performed on tissue from the right cerebrum of the penguin that was euthanatized were positive for EEE viral RNA. An inability to isolate virus several weeks after illness suggested successful viral clearance in recovered penguins. To the authors' knowledge, EEE infection in any penguin species has not been reported.}, number={12}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Tuttle, AD and Andreadis, TG and Frasca, S and Dunn, JL}, year={2005}, month={Jun}, pages={2059-+} }