@article{han_gardner_2007, title={The Monte Carlo code CEARCPG for coincidence prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis}, volume={263}, ISSN={["0168-583X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.238}, abstractNote={Prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) is widely used to determine the elemental composition of bulk samples. The detection sensitivities of PGNAA are often restricted by the inherent poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). There are many sources of noise (background) including the natural background, neutron activation of the detector, gamma-rays associated with the neutron source and prompt gamma-rays from the structural materials of the analyzer. Results of the prompt gamma-ray coincidence technique show that it could greatly improve the SNR by removing almost all of the background interferences. The first specific Monte Carlo code (CEARCPG) for coincidence PGNAA has been developed at the Center for Engineering Application of Radioisotopes (CEAR) to explore the capabilities of this technique. Benchmark bulk sample experiments have been performed with coal, sulfur, and mercury samples and indicate that the code is accurate and will be very useful in the design of coincidence PGNAA devices.}, number={1}, journal={NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS}, author={Han, Xiaogang and Gardner, Robin P.}, year={2007}, month={Oct}, pages={320–325} } @article{han_gardner_metwally_2006, title={CEARCPG: A Monte Carlo simulation code for normal and coincidence prompt-gamma-ray neutron activation analysis}, volume={155}, DOI={10.13182/nse07-a2652}, abstractNote={Abstract A new Monte Carlo code named CEARCPG has been developed to generate both the normal and coincidence library spectra for the prompt-gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) inverse analysis problem. A new algorithm for sampling the neutron-induced prompt gamma rays has been developed and implemented within the CEARCPG code, making it possible to calculate the coincidence spectrum by the Monte Carlo method. Compared to the previous code CEARPGA II, which was for normal PGNAA, several improvements have been made, including implementation of the coincidence spectrum simulation and elimination of the “big weight” problem by implementing a new algorithm to generate prompt gamma rays. Several experiments have been carried out to benchmark the new CEARCPG code, and simulation results are also compared with MCNP5 calculations.}, number={1}, journal={Nuclear Science and Engineering}, author={Han, X. G. and Gardner, R. P. and Metwally, W. A.}, year={2006}, pages={143–153} } @article{metwally_mayo_han_gardner_2005, title={Coincidence counting for PGNAA applications: Is it the optimum method?}, volume={265}, ISSN={["1588-2780"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10967-005-0826-2}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY}, author={Metwally, WA and Mayo, CW and Han, X and Gardner, RP}, year={2005}, month={Aug}, pages={309–314} }