@article{henry_yelverton_burton_2009, title={Asymmetric Responses of Paspalum Species to a Soil Moisture Gradient}, volume={49}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2008.08.0506}, abstractNote={Anecdotal evidence suggests that dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.) and bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flueggé), two of the most troublesome weed species in managed turfgrass, are both drought and flood tolerant. Water table depth gradient tanks were employed to identify habitat specialization and competitive differences between dallisgrass and bahiagrass. Shoot and rhizome final biomass and survival were used as metrics for plants grown in monoculture or competition with hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy × C. dactylon (L.) Pers. ‘Tifway 419’) in sand or sandy loam soil. Shoot and rhizome growth of dallisgrass was greatest at the levels of highest soil moisture within each gradient tank regardless of soil type or competition. Percent survival of dallisgrass decreased to a low of 50% as depth to water table increased when grown as a monoculture and 12.5% when grown in competition with hybrid bermudagrass. Percent survival of bahiagrass was 100% regardless of water table depth, soil type, or competition. Shoot and rhizome growth of bahiagrass was greatest as depth to water table increased when grown in sandy loam soil. The opposite trend was observed when grown in sandy soil. Results suggest that dallisgrass may be more competitive with hybrid bermudagrass when volumetric soil moisture is high, while bahiagrass may be more competitive when volumetric soil moisture is low.}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Henry, Gerald M. and Yelverton, Fred H. and Burton, Michael G.}, year={2009}, pages={1473–1480} }
 @article{henry_yelverton_burton_2007, title={Dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum) control with foramsulfuron in bermuclagrass turf}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1550-2740"]}, DOI={10.1614/WT-06-163.1}, abstractNote={Dallisgrass response to various MSMA and foramsulfuron herbicide combinations was evaluated from 2004 through 2006 in North Carolina. Dallisgrass control declined with herbicide rates; therefore, only the highest rates (foramsulfuron, 0.15 kg ai/ha; MSMA, 2.5 kg ai/ha) are discussed. Foramsulfuron followed by (fb) foramsulfuron 1 wk after initial treatment (WAIT) provided 60% control of dallisgrass 1 mo after initial treatment (MAIT), but control declined to 40% 3 MAIT. MSMA (2.5 kg ai/ha) applied three times provided 89% dallisgrass control 1 MAIT, but control declined to 71% 3 MAIT. Among 22 MSMA and foramsulfuron sequential application programs, MSMA fb foramsulfuron 2 WAIT fb MSMA 3 WAIT provided the highest control (94%) of dallisgrass 1 MAIT, and control levels remained high (93%) 3 MAIT. This herbicide program provided 85% control 1 yr after initial treatment (YAIT), whereas no other treatment provided greater than 37% control 1 YAIT. Timing of foramsulfuron application following the initial MSMA application affected the control of dallisgrass. Waiting 2 WAIT, rather than 1 WAIT, before applying foramsulfuron increased control of dallisgrass by 20% 1 MAIT and 19% 3 MAIT. However, the increase in control 1 YAIT was only 5% regardless of herbicide rate. The addition of a second application of MSMA following the application of foramsulfuron 2 WAIT of MSMA further increased control by 10% 1 MAIT, 37% 3 MAIT, and 48% 1 YAIT. Results from this study suggest dallisgrass may be controlled with applications of MSMA fb foramsulfuron 2 WAIT fb MSMA 3 WAIT applied during early to midsummer. The use of MSMA was required to achieve dallisgrass control, however, the relatively high level of control achieved 1 YAIT with a program including sequential applications of MSMA and foramsulfuron may help reduce the total amount of arsenical herbicides used to control dallisgrass infestations over time. Nomenclature: Dallisgrass Paspalum dilatatum Poir. PASDI, hybrid bermudagrass, Cynodon transvaalensis × Cynodon dactylon ‘Tifway’}, number={3}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Henry, Gerald M. and Yelverton, Fred H. and Burton, Michael G.}, year={2007}, pages={759–762} }
 @article{hart_yelverton_nelson_lycan_henry_2005, title={Response of glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible bentgrass (Agrostis spp.) to postemergence herbicides}, volume={19}, ISSN={["0890-037X"]}, DOI={10.1614/WT-03-224R2.1}, abstractNote={Studies were conducted in the summer and fall of 2001 in North Brunswick, NJ, and Marion County, Oregon, to evaluate the response of glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible creeping bentgrass hybrids, colonial bentgrass, redtop, and dryland bentgrass grown as individual plants to postemergence (POST) herbicides. Glyphosate at 1.7 kg ae/ha, glufosinate at 1.7 kg ai/ha, fluazifop-P at 0.3 and 0.4 kg ai/ha, clethodim at 0.3 kg ai/ha, sethoxydim at 0.5 kg ai/ha, and a combination of glyphosate and fluazifop-P were applied 6 wk after planting. Glyphosate provided almost complete control of all susceptible bentgrass species at 4 weeks after treatment (WAT). Glufosinate provided 95% or greater control of all bentgrass species at 4 WAT, but regrowth was observed on all species in the summer experiment in Oregon. Fluazifop-P, clethodim, and sethoxydim provided slower control of bentgrass species, which ranged from 38 to 94% at 4 WAT, depending on species, herbicide, and experimental location. By 8 WAT, fluazifop-P at 0.4 kg/ha applied alone or in combination with glyphosate showed the highest levels of control (>90%) across all bentgrass species. Studies were also conducted in 2002 in the spring and summer in North Carolina to evaluate the response of a mature stand of glyphosate-susceptible ‘Penncross’ creeping bentgrass to POST herbicides. Two applications of glyphosate at 1.7 kg/ha were required to achieve 98% bentgrass control at 8 WAT. Fluazifop-P at 0.4 kg/ha, clethodim at 0.3 kg/ha, and sethoxydim at 0.4 kg/ha exhibited herbicidal activity, but two applications were required to reach (>82%) control of bentgrass at 8 WAT. Two sequential applications of clethodim or the combination of glyphosate and fluazifop-P provided 98% control of bentgrass at 8 WAT. Of the other herbicide treatments evaluated, only atrazine and sulfosulfuron provided (>80%) control at 8 WAT. The results of these studies demonstrate that fluazifop-P, clethodim, and sethoxydim have substantial herbicide activity on bentgrass species and may be viable alternatives to glyphosate for control of glyphosate-resistant creeping bentgrass and related bentgrass species in areas where they are not wanted. Glufosinate, atrazine, and sulfosulfuron also exhibited substantial herbicidal activity on bentgrass, and further research with these herbicides is warranted.}, number={3}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Hart, SE and Yelverton, F and Nelson, EK and Lycan, DW and Henry, GM}, year={2005}, pages={549–559} }