@article{yao_eshun_lu_berschneider_black_2002, title={Regulation of triacylglycerol and phospholipid trafficking by fatty acids in newborn swine enterocytes}, volume={282}, ISSN={["0193-1857"]}, DOI={10.1152/ajpgi.00397.2001}, abstractNote={We (Wang H, Berschneider HM, Du J, and Black DD. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 272: G935–G942, 1997; Wang H, Lu S, Du J, Yao Y, Berschneider HM, and Black DD. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 280: G1137–G1144, 2001) previously showed that different fatty acids influence synthesis and secretion of triacylglycerol (TG) and phospholipid (PL) in a newborn swine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-1). The most striking effects were produced by stearic acid (SA; 18:0), which modestly affected TG and PL synthesis but reduced TG and PL secretion, and by eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5), which reduced TG and PL synthesis and TG secretion relative to oleic acid (OA; 18:1). To define the mechanism of these effects, differentiated IPEC-1 cells were incubated for 24 h with OA, SA, or EPA and [3H]glycerol. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi (G) content of labeled lipids and apolipoprotein (apo) B and apoAI protein were measured. Relative to OA, SA did not impair ER TG synthesis, but reduced movement of labeled TG from ER to G. EPA impaired both ER TG synthesis and movement of labeled TG from ER to G. PL followed the same pattern, except ER synthesis of PL was relatively unaffected by EPA. Carbonate treatment demonstrated decreased partitioning of labeled lipid from ER membrane to lumen in EPA-treated cells. Organelle apoB and apoAI content demonstrated opposite patterns after SA and EPA incubation. We conclude that SA and EPA adversely influence immature enterocyte ER to G lipid trafficking, compared with OA. Furthermore, EPA inhibits ER lipid synthesis and transfer of membrane lipid to luminal particles. Regulation of apoAI ER to G trafficking is independent of that of apoB.}, number={5}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Yao, Y and Eshun, JK and Lu, S and Berschneider, HM and Black, DD}, year={2002}, month={May}, pages={G817–G824} }
 @article{hudson_berschneider_ferris_vivrette_2001, title={Disaster relief management of companion animals affected by the floods of Hurricane Floyd}, volume={218}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.2001.218.354}, abstractNote={O n September 16, 1999, Hurricane Floyd caused widespread flooding through a largely rural area of North Carolina. More than 40 of 100 counties experienced some flooding (Fig 1); the most severe was in the eastern third of the state. Interstate highways and divided 4-lane US highways, as well as hundreds of state highways and local roads, were closed at multiple sites because of flooding or washed-out bridges, hampering transportation of supplies and animals. The affected area included a portion of the state that had many large poultry and pork production farms, cattle, horses, dogs, cats, indigenous wildlife, and smaller populations of other species such as pet birds, ferrets, and exotic wildlife. Calls for evacuation, both mandatory and voluntary, were ignored by many persons in the area because hurricane and flood warnings had been issued in the past but substantial damage did not occur, or because the media reported major problems associated with the evacuation. Evacuation from all areas expected to be affected by the hurricane would have required driving to Tennessee (> 500 miles from some parts of the state), because the storm was moving in a northerly direction. Because North Carolina does not presently have means of providing pet-friendly evacuation shelters or pet evacuation shelters located near human evacuation shelters, some persons unprepared or unable to evacuate pets declared that they would not leave their pets alone and without care. As a result, a large number of people and their animals were either trapped within flooded areas or by surrounding flooded access roads. For the most part, county emergency management resources were quickly overwhelmed. An additional 7 inches of rain that fell 11 days after the hurricane exacerbated flooding and dam failures throughout the region, adding to the need for additional rescue and evacuation of animals. The purpose of this report was to describe disaster relief management performed by the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) for approximately 375 dogs, 75 cats, and 17 animals of other species affected by flooding. Logistics Facilities—A warehouse (area, 149 m 2) for surplus materials of the CVM was used as the primary facility for a field hospital. The building was furnished with 84 canine research cages in 42 racks, 4 examination tables, and multiple shelving units. The warehouse included a 4.2 X 4.2-m room that was used for cats, small dogs, and critically affected animals. This room held …}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Hudson, LC and Berschneider, HM and Ferris, KK and Vivrette, SL}, year={2001}, month={Feb}, pages={354–359} }
 @article{wang_lu_du_yao_berschneider_black_2001, title={Regulation of apolipoprotein secretion by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in newborn swine enterocytes}, volume={280}, number={6}, journal={American Journal of Physiology}, author={Wang, H. and Lu, S. and Du, J. H. and Yao, Y. and Berschneider, H. M. and Black, D. D.}, year={2001}, pages={G1137–1144} }
 @article{wang_roberson_du_eshun_berschneider_black_1999, title={Regulation of apolipoprotein secretion by biliary lipids in newborn swine intestinal epithelial cells}, volume={276}, number={2}, journal={American Journal of Physiology}, author={Wang, H. and Roberson, R. and Du, J. H. and Eshun, J. K. and Berschneider, H. M. and Black, D. D.}, year={1999}, pages={G353–362} }
 @article{berschneider_blikslager_roberts_1999, title={Role of duodenal reflux in nonglandular gastric ulcer disease of the mature horse}, journal={Equine Veterinary Journal}, author={Berschneider, H. M. and Blikslager, A. T. and Roberts, M. C.}, year={1999}, pages={24} }
 @inbook{berschneider_blikslager_roberts_1999, title={Role of duodenal reflux in nonglandular gastric ulcer disease of the mature horse}, booktitle={Equine gastric ulceration  (Equine veterinary journal supplement)}, publisher={Suffolk, UK: British Equine Veterinary Association}, author={Berschneider, H. M. and Blikslager, A. T. and Roberts, M. C.}, editor={T. S. Mair, P. D. Rossdale and Merritt, A. M.Editors}, year={1999}, month={Apr}, pages={24–29} }
 @article{wang_berschneider_du_black_1997, title={Apolipoprotein secretion and lipid synthesis: regulation by fatty acids in newborn swine intestinal epithelial cells}, volume={272}, number={1}, journal={American Journal of Physiology}, author={Wang, H. and Berschneider, H. M. and Du, J. H. and Black, D. D.}, year={1997}, pages={G935–942} }
 @article{lozier_yankaskas_ramsey_chen_berschneider_morgan_1997, title={Gut epithelial cells as targets for gene therapy of hemophilia}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1557-7422"]}, DOI={10.1089/hum.1997.8.12-1481}, abstractNote={Gut epithelium is an attractive target for gene therapy of hemophilia due to the large number of rapidly dividing cells that should be readily accessible to a wide range of vectors by a noninvasive route of administration. We have performed in vitro tests to determine the suitability of gut epithelial cells for gene transfer, protein synthesis, and secretion of coagulation factors VIII and IX. The results with retroviral vectors indicate that transduced epithelial cells from human, rat, or porcine small or large intestine can synthesize significant amounts of factor VIII or factor IX and that two-thirds or more of the recombinant protein is secreted in a basolateral direction (i.e., away from the lumen and toward underlying capillaries and lymphatics). Furthermore, we have demonstrated that intestinal epithelial cells are susceptible to efficient gene transfer by lipofection and adenovirus vectors. In the case of factor IX, we have produced a high-titer adenovirus vector capable of transducing gut epithelial cells resulting in synthesis of factor IX. The results of our in vitro studies indicate that gene transfer targeting gut epithelium as a new approach to hemophilia gene therapy is rational and merits in vivo studies in hemophilia animal models.}, number={12}, journal={HUMAN GENE THERAPY}, author={Lozier, JN and Yankaskas, JR and Ramsey, WJ and Chen, L and Berschneider, H and Morgan, RA}, year={1997}, month={Aug}, pages={1481–1490} }
 @article{rhoads_argenzio_chen_rippe_westwick_cox_berschneider_brenner_1997, title={L-glutamine stimulates intestinal cell proliferation and activates mitogen-activated protein kinases}, volume={272}, ISSN={["0193-1857"]}, DOI={10.1152/ajpgi.1997.272.5.g943}, abstractNote={ We studied the mechanisms by which L-glutamine (Gln), a major fuel for enterocytes, signals proliferation in intestinal epithelial cell lines. Gln was additive to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in stimulating DNA synthesis, as assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) p42mapk and p44mapk and Jun nuclear kinases (JNKs) phosphorylate and activate nuclear transcription factors. Proteins of the c-Jun, ATF-2, and c-Fos families aggregate to form DNA-binding homodimers or heterodimers called activating protein 1 (AP-1). In vitro assays and functional assays of phosphorylation demonstrated that Gln activates both ERKs and JNKs, resulting in a fourfold increase in AP-1-dependent gene transcription. Gln was required for EGF signaling through ERKs. Maximal stimulation of proliferation required approximately 2.5 mM Gln. c-Jun mRNA levels responded to Gln in "Gln-starved" porcine IPEC-J2 cells and in rat IEC-6 cells. Although Gln metabolism is required for the proliferative response, several Gln by-products did not stimulate [3H]thymidine incorporation, with the exception of arginine. Gln may be a unique nutrient for enterocytes, capable of dual signaling and augmenting the effects of growth factors that govern cellular proliferation and repair. }, number={5}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Rhoads, JM and Argenzio, RA and Chen, WN and Rippe, RA and Westwick, JK and Cox, AD and Berschneider, HM and Brenner, DA}, year={1997}, month={May}, pages={G943–G953} }