@article{southern_dietrich_2010, title={Eight new species of Empoasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from Peru and Bolivia}, number={2524}, journal={Zootaxa}, author={Southern, P. S. and Dietrich, C. H.}, year={2010}, pages={1–23} } @article{southern_2008, title={New species and color forms of Empoasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from South America}, number={1949}, journal={Zootaxa}, author={Southern, P. S.}, year={2008}, pages={51–62} } @article{juba_bradley_notz_southern_sorenson_2007, title={Effect of tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) infestation level on budworm-resistant and susceptible varieties of flue-cured tobacco in north Carolina}, volume={100}, ISSN={["0022-0493"]}, DOI={10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[801:EOTBLN]2.0.CO;2}, abstractNote={Abstract Field experiments were conducted from 1972 to 1978 and from 1998 to 1999 to evaluate tobacco budworm,Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), larval feeding on flue-cured tobacco,Nicotiana tabacum (L.), yield in eastern North Carolina. In the earlier studies, using variety Coker 319, treatment plots were evaluated when either 0 or 100% of plants in a plot were infested withH.virescens larvae. Treatment differences based on actual yield loss (kilograms per hectare) were compared with estimations of yield loss based on leaf consumption and leaf loss. Results indicate actual yield loss when 100% of plants were infested was less than the corresponding estimates of yield loss. In the later experiments, two tobacco budworm-resistant lines, ‘CU 263′ and ‘CU 370′, were compared with a commercial susceptible variety, K 326, when 0, 10, 20, or 40% of plants were infested (1998) and 0, 10, 40, 75, or 100% of plants were infested (1999). Although significant increases in leaf equivalents consumed were associated with infestations exceeding the recommended threshold, differences were not detected for yield (kilograms per hectare), quality (dollars per kilogram), and value (dollars per hectare) within each tobacco line. Additionally, there was not a significant correlation between value and infestations level for any of the tobacco lines. These results provide economic support for tolerance of a higher treatment threshold. Although K 326 sustained more leaf equivalent loss than CU 263 and CU 370, the value of K 326 harvested was higher than that of CU 263 and CU 370. To justify use of resistant varieties, the combination of pest pressure and the benefit of host plant resistance must be greater than the capacity of a susceptible variety to produce competitive yields, despite sustaining significantly higher loss.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY}, author={Juba, Thomas R. and Bradley, J. R., Jr. and Notz, Armando and Southern, P. Sterling and Sorenson, Clyde E.}, year={2007}, month={Jun}, pages={801–807} } @article{abney_sorenson_southern_2007, title={Pyrethroid insecticide efficacy against tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) in North Carolina flue-cured tobacco: Implications for insecticide resistance management}, volume={42}, ISSN={["0749-8004"]}, DOI={10.18474/0749-8004-42.4.582}, abstractNote={Foliar applications of 3 pyrethroid insecticides were made to flue-cured tobacco and compared with Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) bait and sprays of acephate and spinosad for control of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), in 2001, 2002, and 2003. Lambda-cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, and bifenthrin provided significant control of tobacco budworm when compared with untreated checks in all 3 yrs; however, they were generally less efficacious than the other insecticides tested. The level of control among the pyrethroids differed significantly within years but was inconsistent from year to year. The severity of tobacco budworm feeding damage was recorded for individual plants in each treatment, and damage averaged over pyrethroid treatments was 54.17% lower than the untreated control in 2001 and 79.84% lower in 2003. Pyrethroid treatments had no impact on yield of cured leaf in 2001 or 2003 compared with controls. The use of pyrethroid insecticides in flue-cured tobacco will increase the selection pressure placed on tobacco budworm populations in North Carolina. As a result, resistance to this class of insecticides may develop at an accelerated rate.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE}, author={Abney, M. R. and Sorenson, C. E. and Southern, P. S.}, year={2007}, month={Oct}, pages={582–588} } @article{southern_2006, title={Three new species of Empoasca (Hemiptera : Cicadellidae : Typhlocybinae : Empoascini) from northern South America}, number={1314}, journal={Zootaxa}, author={Southern, P. S.}, year={2006}, pages={41–51} } @article{southern_1982, title={A taxonomic study of the leafhopper genus Empoasca (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in eastern Peru}, number={272}, journal={Technical Bulletin (North Carolina Agricultural Research Service)}, author={Southern, P. S.}, year={1982}, pages={194} }