@article{weerasinghe_collings_johannes_allen_2003, title={The distributional changes and role of microtubules in Nod factor-challenged Medicago sativa root hairs}, volume={218}, ISSN={["1432-2048"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00425-003-1097-1}, abstractNote={The normal tip-growing pattern exhibited by root hairs of legumes is disrupted when the hair is exposed to Nod factors generated by compatible bacteria capable of inducing nodule formation. Since microtubules (MTs) play an important role in regulating directionality and stability of apical growth in root hairs [T.N. Bibikova et al. (1999) Plant J 17:657-665], we examined the possibility that Nod factors might affect the MT distribution patterns in root hairs of Medicago sativa L. We observed that Nod factor application caused rapid changes in the pattern of MTs starting as early as 3 min after perfusion. Within 3 to 10 min after Nod factor application, first endoplasmic and then cortical MTs depolymerised, initially at the proximal ends of cells. Twenty minutes after exposure to Nod factors, a transverse band of microtubules was seen behind the tip, while almost all other MTs had depolymerised. By 30 min, very few MTs remained in the root hair and yet by 1 h the MT cytoskeleton re-formed. When Nod factors were applied in the presence of 10 microM oryzalin or 5 microM taxol, the MTs appeared disintegrated while the morphological effects, such as bulging and branching, became enhanced. Compared to the treatments with oryzalin or taxol alone, the combinatory treatments exhibited higher growth rates. Since microtubule reorganization is one of the earliest measurable events following Nod factor application we conclude that microtubules have an important role in the early phases of the signalling cascade. Microtubule involvement could be direct or a consequence of Nod factor-induced changes in ion levels.}, number={2}, journal={PLANTA}, author={Weerasinghe, RR and Collings, DA and Johannes, E and Allen, NS}, year={2003}, month={Dec}, pages={276–287} }
 @article{johannes_collings_rink_allen_2001, title={Cytoplasmic pH dynamics in maize pulvinal cells induced induced by gravity vector changes}, volume={127}, ISSN={["1532-2548"]}, DOI={10.1104/pp.127.1.119}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={PLANT PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Johannes, E and Collings, DA and Rink, JC and Allen, NS}, year={2001}, month={Sep}, pages={119–130} }
 @article{collings_zsuppan_allen_blancaflor_2001, title={Demonstration of prominent actin filaments in the root columella}, volume={212}, ISSN={["1432-2048"]}, DOI={10.1007/s004250000406}, abstractNote={The distribution of actin filaments within the gravity-sensing columella cells of plant roots remains poorly understood, with studies over numerous years providing inconsistent descriptions of actin organization in these cells. This uncertainty in actin organization, and thus in actin's role in graviperception and gravisignaling, has led us to investigate actin arrangements in the columella cells of Zea mays L., Medicago truncatula Gaertn., Linum usitatissiilium L. and Nicotianla benthamiana Domin. Actin organization was examined using a combination of optimized immunofluorescence techniques, and an improved fluorochrome-conjugated phalloidin labeling method reliant on 3-maleimidobenzoyl-N-hydroxy-succinimide ester (MBS) cross-linking combined with glycerol permeabilization. Confocal microscopy of root sections labeled with anti-actin antibodies revealed patterns suggestive of actin throughout the columella region. These patterns included short and fragmented actin bundles, fluorescent rings around amyloplasts and intense fluorescence originating from the nucleus. Additionally, confocal microscopy of MBS-stabilized and Alexa Fluor-phalloidin-labeled root sections revealed a previously undetected state of actin organization in the columella. Discrete actin structures surrounded the amyloplasts and prominent actin cables radiated from the nuclear surface toward the cell periphery. Furthermore, the cortex of the columella cells contained fine actin bundles (or single filaments) that had a predominant transverse orientation. We also used confocal microscopy of plant roots expressing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted green fluorescent protein to demonstrate rapid ER movements within the columella cells, suggesting that the imaged actin network is functional. The successful identification of discrete actin structures in the root columella cells forms the perception and signaling.}, number={3}, journal={PLANTA}, author={Collings, DA and Zsuppan, G and Allen, NS and Blancaflor, EB}, year={2001}, month={Feb}, pages={392–403} }
 @article{srinivasarao_collings_philips_patel_2001, title={Three-dimensionally ordered array of air bubbles in a polymer film}, volume={292}, ISSN={["0036-8075"]}, DOI={10.1126/science.1057887}, abstractNote={We report the formation of a three-dimensionally ordered array of air bubbles of monodisperse pore size in a polymer film through a templating mechanism based on thermocapillary convection. Dilute solutions of a simple, coil-like polymer in a volatile solvent are cast on a glass slide in the presence of moist air flowing across the surface. Evaporative cooling and the generation of an ordered array of breath figures leads to the formation of multilayers of hexagonally packed water droplets that are preserved in the final, solid polymer film as spherical air bubbles. The dimensions of these bubbles can be controlled simply by changing the velocity of the airflow across the surface. When these three-dimensionally ordered macroporous materials have pore dimensions comparable to the wavelength of visible light, they are of interest as photonic band gaps and optical stop-bands.}, number={5514}, journal={SCIENCE}, author={Srinivasarao, M and Collings, D and Philips, A and Patel, S}, year={2001}, month={Apr}, pages={79–83} }
 @article{collings_carter_rink_scott_wyatt_allen_2000, title={Plant nuclei can contain extensive grooves and invaginations}, volume={12}, DOI={10.2307/3871239}, number={12}, journal={Plant Cell}, author={Collings, D. A. and Carter, C. N. and Rink, J. C. and Scott, A. C. and Wyatt, S. E. and Allen, N. S.}, year={2000}, pages={2425–2439} }
 @article{collings_emons_1999, title={Microtubule and actin filament organization during acentral divisions in potato suspension culture cells}, volume={207}, ISSN={["0033-183X"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF01282996}, number={3-4}, journal={PROTOPLASMA}, author={Collings, DA and Emons, MC}, year={1999}, pages={158–168} }
 @article{collings_asada_shibaoka_1999, title={Plasma membrane ghosts form differently when produced from microtubule-free tobacco BY-2 cells}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1471-9053"]}, DOI={10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029472}, abstractNote={When lysed in an actin stabilizing buffer, protoplasts made from tobacco BY-2 suspension culture cells formed plasma membrane ghosts that retained both cortical actin and microtubules. Distinct cytoskeletal arrays occurred: the most common ghost array (type I) derived from protoplasts in interphase and had random actin and microtubules, although the alignment of the actin was dependent, at least partially, on microtubule organization. Type II ghosts were larger and more irregular in shape than type I ghosts, and were characterized by a lack of microtubules and the presence of distinctive arrays of actin bundles in concentric arcs. These ghosts derived from protoplasts lacking cortical microtubules produced when wall digestion occurred while the cells were in cell division, or from protoplasts isolated in the presence of 100 μM propyzamide. Because type II ghosts derived from protoplasts of similar size to those that give rise to type I ghosts, and because type II ghosts retained ordered actin arrays while the parent protoplasts had random cortical actin, type II ghosts apparently form differently to type I ghosts. We speculate that instead of the protoplast being sheared off to produce a round ghost, the plasma membrane tears and collapses onto the slide, ordering the actin bundles in the process. One implication of this model would be that cortical microtubules provide structural support to the plasma membrane of the protoplast so that only in their absence do the type II ghosts form.}, number={1}, journal={PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Collings, DA and Asada, T and Shibaoka, H}, year={1999}, month={Jan}, pages={36–46} }
 @article{collings_winter_wyatt_allen_1998, title={Growth dynamics and cytoskeleton organization during stem maturation and gravity-induced stem bending in Zea mays L.}, volume={207}, ISSN={["1432-2048"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032435367&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s004250050480}, abstractNote={Characterization of gravitropic bending in the maize stem pulvinus, a tissue that functions specifically in gravity responses, demonstrates that the pulvinus is an ideal system for studying gravitropism. Gravistimulation during the second of three developmental phases of the pulvinus induces a gradient of cell elongation across the non-growing cells of the pulvinus, with the most elongation occurring on the lower side. This cell elongation is spatially and temporally separated from normal internodal cell elongation. The three characterized growth phases in the pulvinus correspond closely to a specialized developmental sequence in which structural features typical of cells not fully matured are retained while cell maturation occurs in surrounding internodal and nodal tissue. For example, the lignification of supporting tissue and rearrangement of transverse microtubules to oblique that occur in the internode when cell elongation ceases are delayed for up to 10 d in the adjacent cells of the pulvinus, and only occurs as a pulvinus loses its capacity to respond to gravistimulation. Gravistimulation does not modify this developmental sequence. Neither wall lignification nor rearrangement of transverse microtubules occurs in the rapidly elongating lower side or non-responsive upper side of the pulvinus until the pulvinus loses the capacity to bend further. Gravistimulation does, however, lead to the formation of putative pit fields within the expanding cells of the pulvinus.}, number={2}, journal={PLANTA}, author={Collings, DA and Winter, H and Wyatt, SE and Allen, NS}, year={1998}, month={Dec}, pages={246–258} }
 @article{collings_asada_allen_shibaoka_1998, title={Plasma membrane-associated actin in bright yellow 2 tobacco cells - Evidence for interaction with microtubules}, volume={118}, ISSN={["1532-2548"]}, DOI={10.1104/pp.118.3.917}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={PLANT PHYSIOLOGY}, author={Collings, DA and Asada, T and Allen, NS and Shibaoka, H}, year={1998}, month={Nov}, pages={917–928} }
 @inproceedings{allen_moxley_collings_holzwarth_1998, title={Polarization modulation DIC microscopy: an improvement for video microscopy}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Electron Microscopy Society of America, 1998}, author={Allen, N. S. and Moxley, D. and Collings, D. and Holzwarth, G.}, year={1998}, pages={130–131} }
 @article{collings_shibaoka_1997, title={Actin on protoplast ghosts}, volume={16}, number={1997}, journal={Current Topics in Plant Biochemistry and Physiology}, author={Collings, D. and Shibaoka, H.}, year={1997}, pages={38–39} }
 @article{collings_winter_allen_1997, title={Cytoskeletal organisation in gravistimulated maize stems}, volume={16}, number={1997}, journal={Current Topics in Plant Biochemistry and Physiology}, author={Collings, D. and Winter, H. and Allen, N.}, year={1997}, pages={88} }
 @misc{asada_collings_1997, title={Molecular motors in higher plants}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1360-1385"]}, DOI={10.1016/S1360-1385(96)10051-0}, abstractNote={Until recently, it was difficult to investigate how plants generated intracellular motility. However, the identification and characterization of molecular motors has improved our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved, and should facilitate new experimental approaches. Cytoplasmic streaming — the most prominent form of intracellular movement in nondividing plant cells — can be explained by the activity of an actin-based motor first purified from lily pollen tubes. Mitosis and cytokinesis involve microtubule-based movement, and experiments now implicate various microtubule-based motors (kinesin-like proteins) in aspects of cell division. Some of these plant motors have unique features and forms of regulation not seen before in other eukaryotes.}, number={1}, journal={TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE}, author={Asada, T and Collings, D}, year={1997}, month={Jan}, pages={29–37} }