@article{garvican_elce_woolard_blikslager_2007, title={Preputial melanoma with systemic metastasis in a pony gelding and disseminated metastatic melanoma in a Thoroughbred gelding}, volume={19}, ISSN={["2042-3292"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34447558345&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2746/095777307x207646}, abstractNote={Melanoma is a common (Johnson 1998), generally slow growing, locally invasive tumour, estimated to occur in approximately 80% of ageing grey horses (McFadyean 1933). Valentine (1995) proposed the classification of 4 separate forms of equine melanocytic tumours based on their distinct clinical, histological and behavioural characteristics: melanocytic nevus, dermal melanoma, dermal melanomatosis and anaplastic melanoma. A variety of presenting locations have been reported, but dermal melanomas and melanomatosis typically involve the perineum, ventral tail and external genitalia (MacGillivray et al. 2002), and whilst they may invade only locally, metastasis is considered to be the eventual outcome (Valentine 1995). However, a horse may live for several years with metastatic melanoma, depending on exactly where the metastasis occurs and to what extent. Despite the importance, and relatively common occurrence of this type of tumour, few reports of systemic metastasis of clinical significance can be found in the literature (Kirker-Head et al. 1985; Patterson-Kane et al. 2001; Tarrant et al. 2001; MacGillivray et al. 2002). This report describes the presenting signs, diagnostic findings and necropsy results of 2 horses subsequently diagnosed with systemic metastatic melanoma.}, number={6}, journal={EQUINE VETERINARY EDUCATION}, author={Garvican, E. R. and Elce, Y. A. and Woolard, K. and Blikslager, A. T.}, year={2007}, month={Jul}, pages={312–315} }
 @article{maclean_fatzinger_woolard_harms_2006, title={Clearance of a dermal Huffmanela sp in a sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) using levamisole}, volume={73}, ISSN={["1616-1580"]}, DOI={10.3354/dao073083}, abstractNote={A wild-caught captive sandbar shark Carcharhinus plumbeus developed a contiguous network of darkly pigmented linear tracks that progressed from the snout to the ventral cervical region. Microscopic examination of a skin scraping revealed nematode eggs of the genus Huffmanela, a group of histozoic nematodes that is known to parasitize requiem sharks and marine and freshwater teleosts. The fresh eggs were darkly pigmented with bipolar plugs, contained a larva, and measured 73.3 to 86.4 by 39.0 to 47.4 microm (n = 10). Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded eggs were significantly smaller (Wilcoxon rank sums test, p < 0.005), measuring 70.5 to 78.9 by 33.6 to 41.3 microm (n = 13). These measurements do not correlate with previously reported species of Huffmanela. Serial treatment with levamisole (10 mg kg(-1), intramuscular [i.m.]) cleared the egg tracks within 21 d, with no recurrence or apparent complications.}, number={1}, journal={DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS}, author={MacLean, Robert A. and Fatzinger, Michael H. and Woolard, Kevin D. and Harms, Craig A.}, year={2006}, month={Nov}, pages={83–88} }