@article{olby_mackillop_cerda-gonzalez_moore_munana_graffinger_osborne_vaden_2010, title={Prevalence of urinary tract infection in dogs after surgery for thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957900958&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0567.x}, abstractNote={BACKGROUND
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Dogs with acute intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) have similar risk factors for UTI when compared with human SCI patients and have a high perioperative prevalence of UTI.


OBJECTIVES
Determine the prevalence of UTI in dogs for 3 months after surgery for thoracolumbar IVDE and identify risk factors for development of UTI.


ANIMALS
Twenty-five dogs treated surgically for 26 acute disc extrusions.


METHODS
Prospective study. Urinalysis and urine culture were performed perioperatively. At home, owners monitored urine with dipsticks every 48 hours for 1 month then once a week until 3 months. Dogs returned for assessment of motor function, urinalysis, and urine culture at 1 and 3 months after surgery. Presence of UTI over the 3-month period was correlated to potential risk factors.


RESULTS
Ten dogs (38%) developed 12 UTIs over the 3-month period, with the majority occurring between weeks 1 and 6; 60% of the UTIs were occult. Hematuria in the absence of pyuria or UTI was a common finding in the perioperative period. Sex, breed, and ambulatory status influenced the risk of developing a UTI.


CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
There is a high prevalence of UTIs, many of which are occult, in the 3 months after surgery for thoracolumbar IVDE. These dogs should be routinely monitored for UTI with urine culture regardless of urinalysis results.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, author={Olby, N.J. and MacKillop, E. and Cerda-Gonzalez, S. and Moore, S. and Munana, K.R. and Graffinger, M. and Osborne, J.A. and Vaden, S.L.}, year={2010}, month={Sep}, pages={1106–1111} }
 @article{verenich_arumugam_shim_pourdeyhimi_2007, title={Effect of cellulase pretreatment of raw and bleached cotton fibers on properties of hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics}, volume={105}, ISSN={0021-8995 1097-4628}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.26158}, DOI={10.1002/app.26158}, abstractNote={AbstractThis study was undertaken to investigate the effect of enzymatic pretreatment of cotton (polysaccharides) fibers on the properties of resulting nonwoven fabric. Enzymatic treatment is known to improve the esthetical properties of fabrics but will likely lead to a reduction in strength. In the case of nonwovens the strength loss can be even more drastic as cellulase may attack bonded areas of the fabric. In this work, raw and bleached cotton fibers were treated with enzyme solutions prior to fabric formation to avoid possible damage to the bonded areas and improve strength retention. These fibers were first modified with commercially available whole cellulases and monocomponent endoglucanase enzyme solutions. Then they were formed into a fabric and bonded via hydroentangling. Parameters such as bending modulus, fabric tenacity, fiber strength, length and reducing power were measured for each sample. The pretreatment of cotton fibers prior to fabric formation showed that the resulting nonwovens could be stronger and more drapeable than the same fabric composed of untreated fibers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Verenich, S. and Arumugam, K. and Shim, E. and Pourdeyhimi, B.}, year={2007}, pages={492–499} }
 @article{royal_grafinger_lascelles_lewbart_christian_2007, title={Internal fixation of a femur fracture in an American bullfrog}, volume={230}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, url={https://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.230.8.1201}, DOI={10.2460/javma.230.8.1201}, abstractNote={Abstract
Case Description—An adult male American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) was evaluated by the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine's Turtle Rescue Team following vehicular trauma.
Clinical Findings—A fracture of the left femur was suspected on examination and palpation of the hind limbs, but no other injuries or abnormalities were detected. While the bullfrog was sedated, whole-body radiographic views were obtained, which revealed a closed midshaft comminuted fracture of the left femur.
Treatment and Outcome—The fracture was repaired by use of an internal fixation technique that included Kirschner wires, a positive-profile pin secured along the femur with encircling sutures, and polymethylmethacrylate molded around the entire apparatus. There were no major complications during the postoperative rehabilitation period. One year after surgery, radiography revealed complete fracture healing and the bullfrog was released back into the wild.
Clinical Relevance—Presently, there are no widely accepted methods for fracture fixation in amphibians. Factors associated with their aquatic environment and lengthy fracture healing time must be addressed when planning fracture fixation strategies. In the bullfrog of this report, the applied internal fixation method provided effective long-term stabilization of the femur, allowed for normal movement, and enabled the bullfrog to be housed in an aquatic environment immediately after surgery.}, number={8}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Royal, Lillian W. and Grafinger, Michael S. and Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Lewbart, Gregory A. and Christian, Larry S.}, year={2007}, month={Apr}, pages={1201–1204} }
 @article{cunha_carter_grafinger_montgomery_marks_posner_burns_2007, title={Intrathecal morphine overdose in a dog}, volume={230}, ISSN={["0003-1488"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.230.11.1665}, abstractNote={Abstract
Case Description—A healthy 6-year-old 28.5-kg (62.7-lb) spayed female Boxer undergoing surgical repair of a ruptured cranial cruciate ligament was inadvertently administered an overdose of morphine (1.3 mg/kg [0.59 mg/lb]) via subarachnoid injection.
Clinical Findings—50 minutes after administration of the overdose, mild multifocal myoclonic contractions became apparent at the level of the tail; the contractions migrated cranially and progressively increased in intensity and frequency during completion of the surgery.
Treatment and Outcome—The myoclonic contractions were refractory to treatment with midazolam, naloxone, phenobarbital, and pentobarbital; only atracurium (0.1 mg/kg [0.045 mg/lb], IV) was effective in controlling the movements. The dog developed hypertension, dysphoria, hyperthermia, and hypercapnia. The dog remained anesthetized and ventilated mechanically; treatments included continuous rate IV infusions of propofol (1 mg/kg/h [0.45 mg/lb/h]), diazepam (0.25 mg/kg/h [0.11 mg/lb/h]), atracurium (0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg/h [0.045 to 0.14 mg/lb/h]), and naloxone (0.02 mg/kg/h [0.009 mg/lb/h]). Twenty-two hours after the overdose, the myoclonus was no longer present, and the dog was able to ventilate without mechanical assistance. The dog remained sedated until 60 hours after the overdose, at which time its mentation improved, including recognition of caregivers and response to voice commands. No neurologic abnormalities were detectable at discharge (approx 68 hours after the overdose) or at a recheck evaluation 1 week later.
Clinical Relevance—Although intrathecal administration of an overdose of morphine can be associated with major and potentially fatal complications, it is possible that affected dogs can completely recover with immediate treatment and extensive supportive care.}, number={11}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Cunha, Anderson F. and Carter, Jennifer E. and Grafinger, Michael and Montgomery, Heather and Marks, Steven L. and Posner, Lysa P. and Burns, Patrick}, year={2007}, month={Jun}, pages={1665–1668} }