@article{strahl_huang_sebastian_ghosh_miller_1998, title={Transcriptional activation of the ovine follicle-stimulating hormone beta-subunit gene by gonadotropin-releasing hormone: Involvement of two activating protein-1-binding sites and protein kinase C}, volume={139}, ISSN={["1945-7170"]}, DOI={10.1210/en.139.11.4455}, number={11}, journal={ENDOCRINOLOGY}, author={Strahl, BD and Huang, HJ and Sebastian, J and Ghosh, BR and Miller, WL}, year={1998}, month={Nov}, pages={4455–4465} }
 @article{strahl_huang_pedersen_wu_ghosh_miller_1997, title={Two proximal activating protein-1-binding sites are sufficient to stimulate transcription of the ovine follicle-stimulating hormone-beta gene}, volume={138}, ISSN={["1945-7170"]}, DOI={10.1210/en.138.6.2621}, abstractNote={FSH is an important regulator of mammalian gametogenesis and the female reproductive cycle. Although little is known about the transcriptional regulation of the β-subunit (the rate-limiting subunit of FSH synthesis), sequence analysis of the ovine FSHβ promoter has revealed a number of potential activating protein-1 (AP-1; Jun/Fos)-binding sites. To determine whether the gene encoding theβ -subunit of ovine FSH (oFSHβ) is responsive to AP-1 transcriptional complexes, chimeric constructs containing deleted portions of the oFSHβ promoter fused to a luciferase reporter were transiently transfected along with c-Jun and c-Fos expression constructs into JAR cells. Analysis of these deletion constructs revealed that the proximal promoter of oFSHβ is highly stimulated by c-Jun and c-Fos proteins (typically 20-fold with a reporter construct containing oFSHβ sequences from −215 to +759 bp). This stimulation was lost when a similar construct containing sequences from −84 to+ 759 bp was tested. Transcriptional start site analysis using reverse transcription-PCR verified that the transcriptional initiation of the− 215-bp deletion construct, with or without cotransfected c-Jun/c-Fos, was the same as that observed in vivo. Computer analysis of oFSHβ sequences from −215 to +1 bp identified four putative AP-1-like elements, located at −155, −120, −83, and −10 bp. Gel retardation experiments using oligonucleotides corresponding to the four putative AP-1-like sites revealed that only −120 and −83 sites in oFSHβ bound AP-1 proteins in vitro. Site-directed mutagenesis of the −120 and −83 sites showed that each element was required for stimulation by c-Jun and c-Fos proteins as well as 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate in transient transfection assays. Finally, immunocytochemical dual labeling was used to show that more than 75% of all FSHβ-containing cells in ovine pituitary sections from cycling ewes contained nuclear c-Jun, JunB, JunD, and Fos proteins. These data, taken together, show that oFSHβ transcription can be stimulated by c-Jun and c-Fos proteins via two functionally linked AP-1-like sites in the oFSHβ proximal promoter and that these sites are likely to be important regulators of FSH production in vivo.}, number={6}, journal={ENDOCRINOLOGY}, author={Strahl, BD and Huang, HJ and Pedersen, NR and Wu, JC and Ghosh, BR and Miller, WL}, year={1997}, month={Jun}, pages={2621–2631} }