@article{diaz_scouse_kelley_2022, title={Environmental full cost accounting of alternative materials used for railroad ties: Treated-wood and concrete case study}, volume={364}, ISSN={["1879-1786"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132536}, abstractNote={Environmental full-cost accounting (FCA) is a novel analytical framework that describes ecological and human health impacts of products and processes using financial measures. These impacts are generally considered to be external to the cost of the product, and are not traditionally reflected in the sales price of the product or service. FCA methodology provides a novel framework to analyze product alternatives from an inclusive perspective considering economic, societal, and environmental impacts. In this work, researchers use the FCA methodology to compare a series of chemically treated wooden and concrete railroad crossties. For all products analyzed in the study, production of the treatment chemicals and the crosstie, use, and disposal stages were included along with mass of emissions, and associated health and environment costs. This FCA allows for a comparison of alternatives products and insight into the implications of final disposal. Two alternative end of life (EOL) scenarios were explored, e.g., energy recovery where the chemically treated wood is burned for energy production, and disposal in a landfill. This work shows that the EOL scenario for treated crossties play a dominate role when defining environmental and social costs. This contrasts with concrete crossties, where the production stage is the main contributor. Wood treatment utilizing copper-chrome-arsenic (CCA) represents a worst case EOL scenario due to high costs associated with atmospheric emissions of arsenic and CO2. Finally, depending on how biogenic CO2 is treated, concrete or furfuryl alcohol treated wood had the lowest environmental price.}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION}, author={Diaz, Maria A. Herrera and Scouse, Adam and Kelley, Stephen S.}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{scouse_kelley_venditti_mcconnell_2020, title={Evaluating Sustainable Product Alternatives by Combining Life Cycle Assessment with Full-cost Accounting: A Highway Guardrail Case Study}, volume={15}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, DOI={10.15376/biores.15.4.9103-9127}, abstractNote={Full-cost accounting techniques incorporate the environmental and societal burdens a product generates through its manufacture, use, and disposal into that product’s price. This research generates full-cost prices for functionally equivalent chromated copper arsenate (CCA) treated wood and galvanized steel guardrail posts by combining previously conducted life cycle inventory analyses results with secondary emission valuation data. Based on the analysis, both CCA-treated posts and galvanized steel posts have environmental damage costs associated with emissions generated through the product’s manufacturing, use, and disposal stages. After developing full-cost prices for product alternatives, CCA-treated wood guardrail posts were found to be a more economical and environmentally responsible alternative to galvanized steel. In addition to generating full-cost prices, this research uses Monte Carlo simulation to provide estimates of variability around CCA-treated wood and galvanized steel damage costs.}, number={4}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, author={Scouse, Adam A. and Kelley, Steven S. and Venditti, Richard A. and McConnell, T. Eric}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={9103–9127} }
 @article{scouse_kelley_liang_bergman_2020, title={Regional and net economic impacts of high-rise mass timber construction in Oregon}, volume={61}, ISSN={["2210-6715"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.scs.2020.102154}, abstractNote={Pacific Northwest policy makers are excited about the emergence of mass timber into U.S. construction markets as the product potentially creates local manufacturing jobs while utilizing Douglas fir growing sustainably in the region. This study assessed regional economic impacts generated by mass timber high-rise construction in Oregon. Economic impact estimates were derived using a regionally specific input-output model combined with analysis-by-parts methodology. Financial data from Portland’s 12-story Framework building, estimated using RSMeans software, provided purchasing information. The study’s economic model made use of regionally specific socioeconomic data from the American Community Survey to determine how economic impacts translated into increased earnings for study area residents. Because building with mass timber represented product substitution over traditional construction practices, this study assessed regional impacts of mass timber construction alongside the opportunity costs associated with a concrete frame alternative. Net impact assessment results indicated that construction of the 12-story building using a mass timber design generated larger economic impacts than traditional concrete frame construction and generated additional earnings for households of all income levels. Panels must be produced locally to realize the full economic benefits of mass timber construction as importing panels from outside the state creates economic leakage that reduces economic benefits.}, journal={SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY}, author={Scouse, Adam and Kelley, Stephen S. and Liang, Shaobo and Bergman, Richard}, year={2020}, month={Oct} }
 @article{scouse_mcconnell_kelley_venditti_2017, title={Analysis of North Carolina Forest Industry Earnings: Adapting Household-Level Data from the American Community Survey to a Social Accounting Matrix}, volume={116}, ISSN={0022-1201}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/jof-2017-032}, DOI={10.5849/jof-2017-032}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Forestry}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Scouse, Adam and McConnell, Eric and Kelley, Stephen and Venditti, Richard}, year={2017}, pages={101–108} }