@article{mones_santangelo_gorges_lewbart_gerard_harrison_2023, title={Evaluation of lidocaine for brachial plexus blockade in eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina)}, volume={50}, ISSN={["1467-2995"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.vaa.2022.11.003}, abstractNote={To evaluate latency and duration of a brachial plexus block technique in eastern box turtles performed with 2% lidocaine at three dose rates.Prospective, randomized, blinded crossover study.Adult eastern box turtles, two for drug dose evaluation and a group of six (three male, three female) weighing 432 ± 40 g (mean ± standard deviation) for the main study.Animals were randomly assigned to four brachial plexus blocks with lidocaine at 5, 10 and 20 mg kg-1 or 0.9% saline (treatments LID5, LID10, LID20 and CON, respectively), separated by 1 week. Treatment side was randomized and blocks were performed unilaterally. Baseline observations of mentation, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), skin temperature and limb response to manipulation or toe pinch were evaluated. Assessments were made every 10 minutes until 1 hour of normal sensory and motor function to the treated thoracic limb, or for a total of 2 hours if no block was evident.Motor and sensory blockade was achieved in treatments LID10 and LID20 in one turtle, with a latency of 10 minutes and duration of 50 minutes for both doses. Raising of the ipsilateral lower palpebra occurred with both blocks. Turtles administered lidocaine experienced higher HR compared with CON, and HR decreased over time for all individuals. Mentation and fR were not changed with any lidocaine dose.The technique was unreliable in producing brachial plexus motor and sensory blockade at the lidocaine doses evaluated in this study. HR was higher in lidocaine-administered turtles but remained within normal limits for the species. No change in mentation or fR was observed among treatments.General anesthesia with systemic analgesia is recommended for surgical procedures involving the chelonian thoracic limb. Further studies are needed to optimize a brachial plexus block in this species.}, number={1}, journal={VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, author={Mones, Alissa B. and Santangelo, Stephen M. and Gorges, Melinda A. and Lewbart, Gregory A. and Gerard, Mathew P. and Harrison, Tara M.}, year={2023}, month={Jan}, pages={98–101} }
 @article{mones_heniff_harms_balko_2022, title={EVALUATION OF INTRACARDIAC ADMINISTRATION OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE, IVERMECTIN, OR LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE FOR EUTHANASIA OF ANESTHETIZED BLUE CRABS (CALLINECTES SAPIDUS)}, volume={53}, ISSN={["1937-2825"]}, DOI={10.1638/2022-0012}, abstractNote={Abstract: Methods to anesthetize and euthanize aquatic invertebrates have proven unreliable in decapods; thus studies to optimize euthanasia techniques for crustaceans are needed. Study objectives were to evaluate efficacy of intracardiac potassium chloride (KCl), ivermectin, or lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl) for euthanasia of anesthetized blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus). Twenty adult male crabs (n = 5/group) were immersed in 500 mg/L eugenol for 5 min beyond loss of the righting reflex and then randomly administered intracardiac 10 mEq/kg KCl (333 mg/mL), 5 mg/kg ivermectin (10 mg/ml), 100 mg/kg lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl) (20 mg/ml), or 5 ml/kg saline (0.9%). Serial heart rate assessments were made using a Doppler probe placed over the dorsum, and times to loss of righting reflex, Doppler sound cessation, and/or recovery were recorded. Median (range) time to loss of righting reflex was 32 (17–57) min. One crab in all groups, except lidocaine HCl, had no detectable Doppler sounds prior to injection. In the remaining crabs, Doppler sound cessation occurred in 4/4, 4/4, 4/5, and 0/4 crabs administered KCl, ivermectin, lidocaine HCl, and saline, respectively. Median (range) time to Doppler sound cessation was 30 (0–55), 18 (16–28), and 50 (0–90) s in KCl, ivermectin, and lidocaine HCl groups, respectively. Tonic limb movements were observed in 5/5 KCl-treated crabs. Median (range) time to recovery was 180 (115–345) and 300 m in four saline-treated crabs and one lidocaine HCl–treated crab, respectively. Intracardiac KCl at 10 mEq/kg and ivermectin at 5 mg/kg were effective, rapid methods for euthanasia of anesthetized blue crabs.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Mones, Alissa B. and Heniff, Ashlyn C. and Harms, Craig A. and Balko, Julie A.}, year={2022}, month={Dec}, pages={689–695} }
 @article{mones_petritz_knych_sadar_thomson_guzman_2022, title={Pharmacokinetics of maropitant citrate in Rhode Island Red chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) following subcutaneous administration}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1365-2885"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13082}, DOI={10.1111/jvp.13082}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS}, author={Mones, Alissa B. and Petritz, Olivia A. and Knych, Heather K. and Sadar, Miranda J. and Thomson, Andrea E. and Guzman, David Sanchez-Migallon}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{mones_gorges_santangelo_lewbart_harrison_gerard_2021, title={Feasibility of a blind perineural injection technique for brachial plexus blockade in eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina): a cadaver study}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1467-2995"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.vaa.2021.04.007}, abstractNote={Objective To describe the anatomy of the brachial plexus in eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina), develop a blind perineural injection technique for brachial plexus blockade and evaluate the distribution of three volumes of new methylene blue dye for injection in cadavers. Study design Prospective, randomized, blinded cadaveric study. Animals A total of 24 frozen-thawed box turtle cadavers; two turtles identified with shoulder injuries were subsequently excluded from the study. The remaining 22 turtles weighed 397 (190–581) g, median (range). Methods The brachial plexus and regional anatomy were identified by dissection of seven cadavers to determine anatomic landmarks for a perineural injection technique. This technique was tested by randomizing 15 cadavers into one of three groups to be injected bilaterally with one of three volumes (0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 mL) of methylene blue dye 1% aqueous solution. Investigators blinded to the assigned group dissected cadavers 15 minutes after injection and used staining of the four cervical spinal nerves (C5–C8; 25% for each nerve) to record a staining score of the brachial plexus (0–100%). Results Based on descriptions of the anatomy of the brachial plexus, an injection technique was designed. Injections of 0.1 mL methylene blue dye resulted in nine/10 injections with 100% nerve stained, and one/10 injection with 50% (two) nerves stained. All injections of 0.2 or 0.3 mL of methylene blue dye resulted in 100% nerves stained. Conclusions and clinical relevance Perineural injection of the brachial plexus with 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 mL methylene blue dye was successful in 29/30 injections in box turtle cadavers weighing 190–581 g. Further studies are needed to determine the minimum volume of injectate that can be successfully used for this technique, and to evaluate its application and efficacy in live turtles.}, number={5}, journal={VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, author={Mones, Alissa B. and Gorges, Melinda A. and Santangelo, Stephen M. and Lewbart, Gregory A. and Harrison, Tara M. and Gerard, Mathew P.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={789–797} }
 @article{mones_harms_stoskopf_2021, title={Implications of comparative ventral body wall histology on selection of abdominal surgical approach and closure in 12 species of fish}, volume={98}, ISSN={["1095-8649"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14668}, DOI={10.1111/jfb.14668}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mones, Alissa B. and Harms, Craig A. and Stoskopf, Michael K.}, year={2021}, month={May}, pages={1342–1348} }
 @article{mones_gruber_harms_lohmann_lohmann_lewbart_2021, title={LACTIC ACIDOSIS INDUCED BY MANUAL RESTRAINT FOR HEALTH EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF TWO POINT-OF-CARE ANALYZERS IN HEALTHY LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLES (CARETTA CARETTA)}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1937-2825"]}, DOI={10.1638/2021-0029}, abstractNote={Abstract: Sea turtles are often restrained manually for brief periods during veterinary evaluation and care in rescue, rehabilitation, research, and aquarium settings. Blood gas values and lactate are routinely evaluated during triage of sea turtles, and lactate clearance is of prognostic significance in cold-stunned individuals. Although increases in blood lactate have been associated with muscle exertion, experimental forced submergence, trawl and pound net capture, and general anesthesia, changes in blood lactate associated with short periods of manual restraint have not been evaluated. Venous blood gas and lactate values were tested in 16 juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) before and after manual restraint for a 15-min routine veterinary examination. The agreement of blood lactate values between two point-of care analyzers (i-STAT and Lactate Plus) was also compared. Blood pH and bicarbonate (HCO3–) decreased significantly (P < 0.001), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) increased significantly (P < 0.0001) after 15 min. Lactate increased significantly between time points for both analyzers (P < 0.0001). Linear regression analysis showed excellent correlation for lactate measurements obtained on both analyzers (r = 0.998). The mean difference in lactate concentrations between the analyzers was statistically significant, indicating that the methods cannot be used interchangeably (P < 0.0001). Deming regression and Bland-Altman plots identified a slight negative proportional bias for lactate measurement by the Lactate Plus compared with the i-STAT. These results suggest that clinicians should evaluate blood gas values and lactate at the beginning of health evaluations and interpret serial lactate values in sea turtles with caution, because even short periods of manual restraint can induce lactic acidosis and considerably influence these values.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Mones, Alissa B. and Gruber, Erika J. and Harms, Craig A. and Lohmann, Catherine M. F. and Lohmann, Kenneth J. and Lewbart, Gregory A.}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={1195–1204} }
 @article{mones_schreeg_sommer_linder_lewbart_2021, title={Surgical management and histopathology of wen overgrowth and neoplasia in four oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus)}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2052-6121"]}, DOI={10.1002/vrc2.27}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS}, author={Mones, Alissa and Schreeg, Megan and Sommer, Samantha and Linder, Keith and Lewbart, Gregory}, year={2021}, month={Mar} }