Alissa Juinek Rivera

MeSH headings : Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects; Bacterial Proteins / genetics; Bacterial Proteins / metabolism; Bacterial Toxins / genetics; Bacterial Toxins / immunology; Bacterial Toxins / metabolism; Bacteroides / drug effects; Bacteroides / metabolism; Clostridioides difficile / genetics; Clostridioides difficile / immunology; Clostridioides difficile / metabolism; Clostridium Infections / immunology; Clostridium Infections / microbiology; Clostridium Infections / pathology; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Matrix / metabolism; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / immunology; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / immunology; Host-Pathogen Interactions / genetics; Host-Pathogen Interactions / immunology; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa / immunology; Intestinal Mucosa / microbiology; Intestinal Mucosa / pathology; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinases / metabolism; Mice; Nutrients / metabolism; Proteolysis; RNA, Bacterial / genetics; RNA, Bacterial / isolation & purification; RNA-Seq; Sigma Factor / genetics; Sigma Factor / immunology; Sigma Factor / metabolism; Transcriptome / immunology

TL;DR: Insight is provided into how toxin-induced inflammation alters C. difficile metabolism, host tissue gene expression and gut microbiota, together influencing a beneficial niche for infection. (via Semantic Scholar)

author keywords: Lactobacillus; Acidophilus; gasseri; bile salt hydrolase; bile acid

MeSH headings : Amidohydrolases / genetics; Amidohydrolases / metabolism; Ecosystem; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / genetics; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / physiology; Genetic Fitness / genetics; Host-Pathogen Interactions / genetics; Humans; Lactobacillus / enzymology; Lactobacillus / genetics; Probiotics / pharmacology; Substrate Specificity / genetics

TL;DR: It is shown that BA type and BSH substrate preferences affect in vitro and in vivo growth of both species and that BSH enzymatic preferences and the intrinsic chemical features of various BAs determine the toxicity of these molecules during Lactobacillus growth. (via Semantic Scholar)

MeSH headings : Animals; Body Weight / drug effects; Cecum / microbiology; Feces / microbiology; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects; Ileum / microbiology; Male; Metabolome / drug effects; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / metabolism; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism; Ursodeoxycholic Acid / administration & dosage; Ursodeoxycholic Acid / pharmacology; Weight Loss / drug effects

TL;DR: This study is the first to provide a comprehensive view of how exogenously administered ursodiol shapes the healthy gastrointestinal ecosystem in conventional mice and how these changes in turn modify the host physiologic response are important. (via Semantic Scholar)

author keywords: C. difficile; C. hiranonis; Microbiome; Ribotype; Antibiotic resistance; Animal; Canine; Equine; Feline

MeSH headings : Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology; Bacterial Toxins / genetics; Bacterial Toxins / metabolism; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cats; Chlorocebus aethiops; Clostridioides difficile / classification; Clostridioides difficile / drug effects; Clostridioides difficile / physiology; Clostridium Infections / epidemiology; Clostridium Infections / microbiology; Clostridium Infections / veterinary; Coculture Techniques; Dogs; Feces / microbiology; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Horses; Hospitals, Animal; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Male; Microbial Interactions; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; North Carolina; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prevalence; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Ribotyping; Risk Factors; Tertiary Healthcare; Vero Cells

TL;DR: Experimental results showed a clear antagonistic relationship between the two strains in vitro, suggesting that commensal Clostridia might play a role in colonization resistance against C. difficile in different hosts. (via Semantic Scholar)

MeSH headings : Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics; Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology; Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use; Clostridioides difficile / drug effects; Clostridioides difficile / physiology; Clostridium Infections / drug therapy; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Recurrence; Safety; Salicylanilides / chemistry; Salicylanilides / pharmacokinetics; Salicylanilides / pharmacology; Salicylanilides / therapeutic use; Tissue Distribution

TL;DR: A new series of known membrane-targeting compounds was synthesized and the most potent analog was selected through an in vitro inhibitory assay to evaluate its pharmacokinetic parameters and potency in a CDI mouse model, revealing reduced recurrence of CDI and disturbance of the microbiota in mice compared to standard-of-care vancomycin, thus paving the way for novel therapy that can potentially target the cell membrane of C. difficile. (via Semantic Scholar)

author keywords: C. difficile; FXR; UDCA; bile acids; inflammation; microbiome; ursodiol

MeSH headings : Animals; Bile Acids and Salts / metabolism; Biomarkers; Clostridioides difficile / drug effects; Clostridium Infections / drug therapy; Clostridium Infections / genetics; Clostridium Infections / metabolism; Clostridium Infections / microbiology; Computational Biology / methods; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibroblast Growth Factors / metabolism; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein / metabolism; Gastrointestinal Microbiome / drug effects; Gene Expression Profiling; Host-Pathogen Interactions / drug effects; Host-Pathogen Interactions / genetics; Humans; Life Cycle Stages; Mice; Signal Transduction; Transcriptome; Ursodeoxycholic Acid / pharmacology; Ursodeoxycholic Acid / physiology

TL;DR: Although ursodiol pretreatment did not result in a consistent decrease in the C. difficile life cycle in vivo, it was able to attenuate an overly robust inflammatory response that is detrimental to the host during CDI. (via Semantic Scholar)