@article{melville-holder_stewart_kuenzi_walk_russell_mcgovern_2024, title={A worthy investment? Investigating alumni perceptions of nonprofit degrees}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2047-8720"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1177/01447394241241434}, DOI={10.1177/01447394241241434}, abstractNote={ As students invest in higher education, an assumption of value creation emerges as training and education are expected to yield career and compensation outcomes. Given the growth of nonprofit management education, we see merit in investigating how alumni perceive their degree in terms of the return on their investment of money and time. This study relies on survey data collected from the (project name redacted for anonymity), and joins the Project’s previous findings to elucidate how nonprofit management education is shaping the nonprofit sector’s workforce. Our findings highlight how nonprofit sector commitment, but not work in the sector, influences how graduate alumni view their degree, and that those carrying a higher financial burden from their degree view their degree less favorably. These findings inform administrators of nonprofit degree programs about how students perceive the value of their education and how that perception impacts nonprofit management education as a pipeline for the nonprofit workforce. }, journal={TEACHING PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION}, author={Melville-Holder, Jo'ann and Stewart, Amanda J. and Kuenzi, Kerry and Walk, Marlene and Russell, Dylan and Mcgovern, Shannon}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @article{jones_stewart_2024, title={Accessing the Boardroom: Investigating How Prior Research has Included the Perspective of Nonprofit Boards}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1573-7888"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-024-00661-8}, DOI={10.1007/s11266-024-00661-8}, journal={VOLUNTAS}, author={Jones, Ryne and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2024}, month={May} }
 @article{walk_stewart_kuenzi_2024, title={Investigating Turnover Intentions During Organizational Change: The Role of Negative Appraisals, Psychological Contract Violation, and Resistance to Change}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1552-7395"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1177/08997640231220862}, DOI={10.1177/08997640231220862}, abstractNote={ COVID-19 has been regarded as environmental disruption that catalyzed a multitude of organizational changes in nonprofit organizations. This study centers on the nonprofit workers’ experience of change. Specifically, this study investigates to what extent and how negative appraisals in the midst of the pandemic are related to intentions to leave the organization about a year after the start of the pandemic, at a point in time when the initial shock had settled into a sense of the “new normal.” Findings indicate that harm but not threat appraisals predict psychological contract violation and that psychological contract violation is related to behavioral resistance to change as well as intentions to leave. Unexpectedly, neither threat appraisal nor resistance to change was related to turnover intentions. We discuss contributions to theory, research, and practice. }, journal={NONPROFIT AND VOLUNTARY SECTOR QUARTERLY}, author={Walk, Marlene and Stewart, Amanda J. and Kuenzi, Kerry}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{chen_kuenzi_evans_stewart_2024, title={True Grit: Exploring Nonprofit Sector Resilience Following Economic Recessions}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2154-3348"]}, DOI={10.1515/npf-2023-0058}, abstractNote={Abstract The nonprofit sector has been portrayed as resilient, describing a sector that persists despite challenges. We investigate nonprofit resiliency by examining how organizational characteristics, strategies, and community factors equipped organizations to recover following economic recessions. Utilizing a fixed effects panel regression model, our study covers a period of 29 years (1989–2018), encompassing three economic crises in the United States. The primary focus is examining the sector’s financial health and the resilience of the constituent organizations. Our findings describe a sector buoyed by the resilience of larger and older organizations, earned revenue, and contribution revenue, as well as the role of community factors in influencing the sector’s resilience. This study examines a wider timeframe and employs a more expansive sampling approach compared to previous studies on nonprofit resilience. In doing so, it contributes valuable insights to our understanding of the resilient sector .}, journal={NONPROFIT POLICY FORUM}, author={Chen, Xintong and Kuenzi, Kerry and Evans, Lindsey and Stewart, Amanda}, year={2024}, month={Aug} }
 @article{kuenzi_evans_stewart_2023, title={Birds of a Feather? Exploring Homophily in Nonprofit Leadership}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2157-0604"]}, DOI={10.18666/JNEL-2022-11246}, abstractNote={Volunteer boards and paid executives have complementary but distinct roles as one supports the other in a nonprofit’s shared leadership function. We introduce the concept of homophily to this relationship, connecting the profile of who fills these roles to how they relate. Homophily conceives those relationships are more likely to form between those who share commonalities, and in this exploratory study, we look at shared characteristics between board members and executives, namely their race and gender. This research illuminates how common or differing identities may affect a board and executive’s shared leadership responsibilities. This research uses descriptive and causal modeling to examine the extent to which nonprofit executives look to boards that are like themselves for support and if homophily or heterophily impacts how an executive perceives their board. The findings reveal a nuanced relationship, indicating homophily may influence these relations differently than previous literature has found.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF NONPROFIT EDUCATION AND LEADERSHIP}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Evans, Lindsey L. and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2023}, pages={23–39} }
 @article{kuenzi_stewart_walk_2023, title={Pause But Not Panic: Exploring COVID-19 as a Critical Incident for Nonprofit Workers}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1552-759X"]}, DOI={10.1177/0734371X221149128}, abstractNote={ Critical incidents often have significant impacts on workers, sometimes causing disruptions to career pathways and a re-evaluation of past career decisions. This article seeks to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nonprofit workers and their commitment to the sector using a critical incidents lens. In-depth interviews with nonprofit workers provided insights on the pandemic’s impact on workers’ personal and professional lives and how they made sense of these. Changes to work including flexibility and work-from-home options were often viewed positively, yet workers expressed a loss of connection with their colleagues, mental health and well-being challenges, as well as challenges to adapt to new ways of working. In making sense of these changes, commitment to the sector was mostly sustained; however, respondents also noted a shift in priorities and expressed a desire for better balance between their personal and professional lives. }, journal={REVIEW OF PUBLIC PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Stewart, Amanda J. J. and Walk, Marlene}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{kuenzi_walk_stewart_2022, title={How Are Nonprofit Workers Doing? Exploring the Personal and Professional Impact of COVID-19}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1920-9355"]}, url={https://anserj.ca/index.php/cjnser/article/view/565}, DOI={10.29173/cjnser565}, abstractNote={COVID-19 has presented unprecedented challenges to the nonprofit sector, and while evidence is accruing about its impact on nonprofit finances and operations, less is known about how nonprofit workers are faring. With so many organizations in the increasingly professionalized nonprofit sector reliant upon their paid staff, this study assesses how COVID-19 has changed the way nonprofit workers think about their current and future work. We use a survey of nonprofit workers who have a nonprofit graduate degree to describe pandemic-related work changes and to explore the impact of these changes on their commitment to the sector. Our findings reveal that nonprofit workers are nuanced in how they approach their work and commitment to the sector. We distill our findings considerate of how future research should endeavor to unpack the degree to which workers’ personal and professional circumstances affect how they think about their work in the sector.}, number={2}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NONPROFIT AND SOCIAL ECONOMY RESEARCH}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Walk, Marlene and Stewart, Amanda}, year={2022}, pages={1–17} }
 @article{varkey_lawrence_chelbi_stewart_clerkin_2022, title={Outcome Insights: Applying an NPG Lens to Examine a Capacity Building Initiative Among the Government and its Partner}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1532-4265"]}, DOI={10.1080/01900692.2022.2111579}, abstractNote={Providing services for a diverse population requires a shift in paradigms and mechanisms. New Public Governance (NPG) provides insights on the need for collaborative actions between organizations from all sectors. This study applies an NPG lens to investigate a state’s effort to enhance mental health and substance use recovery through building capacity in peer-support service providing organizations (SPOs). We used 37 participant interviews from a training program. Results show variations between intended and actual outcomes and highlight NPG as a relevant framework for capacity building and co-creation of public value in dynamic partnerships between the public sector and SPOs.}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION}, author={Varkey, Sapna and Lawrence, Kara and Chelbi, Leila and Stewart, Amanda J. and Clerkin, Richard M.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{melville-holder_lawrence_leight_johnson_stewart_2022, title={Preparing Nonprofit Professionals: An Educational Needs Assessment from a Worker Perspective}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2157-0604"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18666/jnel-2022-11450}, DOI={10.18666/JNEL-2022-11450}, abstractNote={Nonprofit management education is informed by curricular standards and feedback from students and alumni on the utility of its curriculum components. In a professionalizing and diverse nonprofit sector, we were curious to ask nonprofit workers about the skills and competencies they need for their work. Applying a survey design, we asked nonprofit workers about the skills and abilities they used in their work relative to general professional and nonprofit curricular standards. In our findings, we explore differences according to the professional profiles to make sense of the sector’s diverse workforce. Our assessment supplies fresh insight into the competencies nonprofit education promotes, describing how nonprofit professionals view the skills needed for their work, and how they think about professional development. The findings inform those who teach or administer nonprofit degree programs, as well as those who work or want to work in the nonprofit sector.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF NONPROFIT EDUCATION AND LEADERSHIP}, publisher={Sagamore Publishing, LLC}, author={Melville-Holder, Jo'Ann L. and Lawrence, Kara and Leight, Matthew D. and Johnson, Brad A. and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2022}, pages={1–19} }
 @article{kuenzi_stewart_walk_2021, title={COVID-19 as a nonprofit workplace crisis: Seeking insights from the nonprofit workers' perspective}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1542-7854"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21465}, DOI={10.1002/nml.21465}, abstractNote={AbstractDue to the COVID‐19 pandemic, nonprofit organizations face increased demands for services alongside decreased revenues and must make tough choices on how to weather these stressors. Alongside these organizational changes, COVID‐19 impacts nonprofit workers and could be a career shock for these individuals, potentially altering how they think of their work and career intentions, even jeopardizing their commitment to the sector. Therefore, this paper outlines a research agenda to understand how the pandemic impacts nonprofit workers and their commitment to working in the sector. Several areas for future research are identified including human resource policy, leadership development, generational differences, gender effects, nonprofit graduate education, and mission‐specific work effects.}, number={4}, journal={NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT & LEADERSHIP}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Stewart, Amanda J. and Walk, Marlene}, year={2021}, month={Jun}, pages={821–832} }
 @article{kuenzi_stewart_2021, title={Promising Pathways: Investigating Personal Factors Promoting Nonprofit Executives}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2381-3717"]}, DOI={10.20899/jpna.7.3.417-433}, abstractNote={The nonprofit sector has been critiqued for failing to systematically develop leadership to meet the sector’s professionalizing needs. The personal profile of who sits in the nonprofit executive position can be insightful about what experience and training have been deemed appropriate for nonprofit leadership and may reveal career pathways to the executive position. In this paper, the career backgrounds of 185 nonprofit association executives are reported upon, investigating if the credentials and experience held by these executives helped expedite their career pathway to the top position. The findings indicate that nonprofit sector experience was a significant predictor of time to the executive position, but that other career variables, such as education, credentials, and other previous experiences did not significantly impact the time to the position. This study adds to what we know about the professionalization of the nonprofit sector and raises questions about what signals readiness for the sector’s executive position.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND NONPROFIT AFFAIRS}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2021}, pages={417–433} }
 @article{kuenzi_walk_stewart_2021, title={The Role of Financial Burden in Nonprofit Sector Commitment}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2381-3717"]}, DOI={10.20899/jpna.7.2.192-204}, abstractNote={Evidence about millennial work motivations and the increasing importance of compensation questions the durability of the donative labor hypothesis in explaining nonprofit sector commitment. Nonprofit graduate education offers an employment pipeline into the sector, but what if the importance of compensation is partly driven by the financial burden accrued from education? Could it be that financial burden contributes to choices about work and commitment to the nonprofit sector? Using longitudinal data of nonprofit education alumni, we inquire about their sector commitment in light of the financial burden from their degree. Findings of this exploratory study offer a starting point for future research into how nonprofit education alumni view career opportunities in the nonprofit sector.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND NONPROFIT AFFAIRS}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Walk, Marlene and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2021}, pages={192–204} }
 @misc{minkowitz_twumasi_berrett_chen_stewart_2020, title={Checking in on the State of Nonprofit Scholarship: A Review of Recent Research}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2381-3717"]}, DOI={10.20899/jpna.6.2.182-208}, abstractNote={The complexity and diversity of the nonprofit sector provides a rich landscape for academic scholarship; and, growing numbers of nonprofit scholars and their associated research publications have established the field of nonprofit research. Yet, it is unclear if this research has been applied appropriately to the evolving landscape of the sector. Although literature reviews have helped us to understand the status of academic scholarship in the field of nonprofit research, these reviews have primarily focused on particular topics without considering the field as a whole. Thus, in this study we review all contemporary nonprofit scholarship (n=972) from three prominent nonprofit journals. The review documents the development of nonprofit research as presented in these journals over the last five years and offers recommendations for future research consideration.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND NONPROFIT AFFAIRS}, author={Minkowitz, Honey and Twumasi, Akua and Berrett, Jessica L. and Chen, Xintong and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2020}, pages={182–208} }
 @article{stewart_walk_kuenzi_2021, title={Competencies and reputation: What appeals to nonprofit graduate alumni?}, volume={27}, ISSN={["2328-9643"]}, DOI={10.1080/15236803.2020.1807190}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Given increasingly crowded education marketplaces, an emerging perspective views education as a marketable product and seeks to explain what drives loyalty of alumni. Satisfaction has been used as an indicator of education quality and resides in a complex relationship of factors pertaining to students and institutions. The nonprofit graduate education marketplace has a competitive field of offerings, and this study engages alumni from three programs to help make sense of the value alumni attach to their degree. The findings confirm a nuanced relationship between alumni satisfaction of university and program reputation and competencies derived from the degree. The analysis draws insights for nonprofit graduate education program administrators and points to directions for future research.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS EDUCATION}, author={Stewart, Amanda and Walk, Marlene and Kuenzi, Kerry}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={16–33} }
 @article{stewart_twumasi_2020, title={Minding the Gap: An Exploratory Study Applying Theory to Nonprofit Board Management of Executive Transitions}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1573-7888"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-020-00244-3}, DOI={10.1007/s11266-020-00244-3}, number={6}, journal={VOLUNTAS}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Stewart, Amanda J. and Twumasi, Akua}, year={2020}, month={Dec}, pages={1268–1281} }
 @article{stewart_adams_mcmillian_burns_2021, title={No room for failure: Investigating board leadership in nonprofit executive transitions}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1542-7854"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21436}, DOI={10.1002/nml.21436}, abstractNote={AbstractNonprofit boards are responsible for hiring executives, but may approach the task with limited guidance or experience. Evidence of a board's leadership during a transition is found in their recruitment job ad or the announcement they make about the new executive's appointment. Yet, we have limited empirical evidence of what happens behind closed doors as a transition is initiated and decisions are made. This study implemented a paired survey approach among a group of 94 organizational cases and their board members who recently were involved in a nonprofit executive transition. An initial survey was distributed when the board was in the midst or recently emerged from a transition, and a follow‐up was distributed a year later. Taken together, this descriptive, exploratory study offers insights about how boards face the daunting task of a leadership transition, including what boards prioritize for a transition's outcome and executive recruits, the reasons for the approach they take in fulfilling this governance responsibility, and the outcomes derived from the transition. The findings inform propositions to advance research on board governance at this critical juncture for nonprofits.}, number={3}, journal={NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT & LEADERSHIP}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Stewart, Amanda J. and Adams, Thomas H. and McMillian, Dennis and Burns, Julia}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={525–545} }
 @article{walk_stewart_kuenzi_2021, title={Should I Stay or Should I Go? Investigating Nonprofit Sector Commitment Among Nonprofit Education Alumni}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2157-0604"]}, DOI={10.18666/JNEL-2020-10116}, abstractNote={Graduates of nonprofit education programs have seemingly opted in to the nonprofit sector by means of their field of education, but prior research on worker sorting depicts a complex rationale for sector selection. This study used a sample of 153 alumni of nonprofit education programs to sort among factors influencing sector commitment. Given that these alumni have seemingly indicated a sector commitment by way of their education field, this analysis investigated factors that may disrupt sector commitment and found that individuals who view their work as a calling or who have a nonprofit identity are associated with a commitment to working in the nonprofit sector. This study adds to the growing body of sectoral differences literature and helps inform human resource management and leadership about employee characteristics that should be prioritized for development and promotion. Subscribe to JNEL}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF NONPROFIT EDUCATION AND LEADERSHIP}, author={Walk, Marlene and Stewart, Amanda Janis and Kuenzi, Kerry}, year={2021}, pages={1–24} }
 @article{ma_kim_neilson_griffin_peck_sean f. o'keefe_stewart_2019, title={Comparison of Common Analytical Methods for the Quantification of Total Polyphenols and Flavanols in Fruit Juices and Ciders}, volume={84}, ISSN={["1750-3841"]}, DOI={10.1111/1750-3841.14713}, abstractNote={AbstractMultiple analytical methods are used for quantification of total polyphenols and total flavanols in fruit juices and beverages. Four methods were evaluated in this study: Folin‐Ciocalteu (F‐C), Lowenthal permanganate (L‐P), 4‐dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMAC), and the bovine serum albumin (BSA) precipitation method. Method validation parameters, including working range, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, precision (repeatability), accuracy, and specificity, were assessed and compared. The F‐C method was not specific to polyphenols, and the L‐P method had the widest working range but lacked accuracy. The DMAC method was the most specific to flavanols, and the BSA method was not suitable for quantification of smaller flavanols, such as catechin and epicatechin. Quantitative performance was evaluated using commercial fruit juice samples (n = 14), apple juice samples of different cultivars (n = 22), and commercial ciders (n = 17). In general, the L‐P titration method and DMAC method resulted in higher quantitative values than the F‐C method and BSA precipitation method, respectively. However, ratios of results obtained by the L‐P and F‐C method ranged from 1 to 28, and ratios of results obtained by the DMAC and BSA precipitation method ranged from <1 to 280. This tremendous variation is likely due to variation in polyphenol composition and sample matrix. This information provides perspective for comparison of results obtained through these different methods, and a basis for choosing the most appropriate analytical method for quantification of polyphenols to address a specific research question when working with commercial fruit juice, apple juice from different apple cultivars, and commercial ciders.Practical ApplicationThis study compared results obtained when four common polyphenol quantification methods were applied to a diverse selection of fruit juices and beverages with distinct polyphenol composition and sample matrix. The matrix and polyphenol composition of the samples significantly influenced the results. Our findings can help manufacturers of fruit‐based products choose the most appropriate analytical method for polyphenol quantification as part of a quality assurance program or to convey information on dietary polyphenol content to consumers. An assessment of analytical method validation parameters is provided for each of the four methods, which will help users of these methods to understand their limitations.}, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE}, author={Ma, Sihui and Kim, Cathlean and Neilson, Andrew P. and Griffin, Laura E. and Peck, Gregory M. and Sean F. O'Keefe and Stewart, Amanda C.}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={2147–2158} }
 @article{griffin_diako_miller_neilson_ross_stewart_2020, title={Preference for and sensitivity to flavanol mean degree of polymerization in model wines is correlated with body composition}, volume={144}, ISSN={["1095-8304"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.appet.2019.104442}, abstractNote={Bitterness and astringency (dryness) are characteristic sensory attributes of flavanol-rich foods. The degree of polymerization (DP) of flavanols influences their bitter and astringent sensations. Smaller DP compounds can enter the papillae on the tongue, eliciting a bitter response. Larger DP compounds are sterically inhibited from entering papillae and instead interact with oral proteins, cause precipitation, and elicit astringent sensations. Previous research has indicated that bitterness preference is related to health status, density of fungiform papillae on the tongue, and sensitivity to bitter compounds such as 6-n-propyl-thiouracil (PROP). The purpose of this study was to examine trends in liking, bitterness intensity, and astringency intensity of wine-like products with flavanols of different DP using a consumer sensory panel. Participants (n = 102) were segmented by phenotypes: body fat percentage (BF%), body mass index (BMI), PROP sensitivity, and stated bitter food preference. Differences in wine liking, perceived bitterness intensity, and astringency intensity were observed between three model wine samples of varying flavanol mean degrees of polymerization (mDP, i.e. the average size (polymer length) of flavanol compounds in a mixture). Specifically, with increased mDP, overall liking and bitterness liking decreased, with concurrent increased perception of bitterness and astringency intensity. Greater differences between phenotypes were observed when participants were segmented by BF% and BMI classification, than when segmented by PROP sensitivity classification. Reduced ability to detect differences in bitterness and astringency were noted in participants of higher weight status. Overall, these data suggest that weight status in adults is a greater predictor of liking of flavanol-rich foods than bitterness sensitivity (as determined by PROP classification), and that reduced perception of bitterness and astringency associated with weight gain may impact selection and preference for these foods.}, journal={APPETITE}, author={Griffin, Laura E. and Diako, Charles and Miller, Lindsey E. and Neilson, Andrew P. and Ross, Carolyn F. and Stewart, Amanda C.}, year={2020}, month={Jan} }
 @article{kuenzi_stewart_walk_2020, title={Nonprofit graduate education: Who gets the degree and why?}, volume={26}, ISSN={1523-6803 2328-9643}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15236803.2018.1482107}, DOI={10.1080/15236803.2018.1482107}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT The field of nonprofit education is rapidly growing, but the nonprofit literature has a noticeable gap about the impact of nonprofit education degree programs on their graduates, the organizations that employ them, and the wider nonprofit sector. This article reports findings from a study investigating the profile and motivations of students completing these nonprofit-related degrees. A survey was deployed to alumni from three different nonprofit graduate programs (i.e., nonprofit management and philanthropic studies), and findings indicate that students are largely similar across schools and primarily drawn to the degree for its nonprofit nature. Differences are noted about the appeal of nonprofit graduate programs between in-service and pre-service students. These findings are rich with implications for students, researchers, and most of all the administrators and faculty of these graduate programs.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Public Affairs Education}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Stewart, Amanda and Walk, Marlene}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={11–30} }
 @article{stewart_kuenzi_2018, title={The Nonprofit Career Ladder: Exploring Career Paths as Leadership Development for Future Nonprofit Executives}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1945-7421"]}, DOI={10.1177/0091026018783022}, abstractNote={ Pending leadership transitions in the nonprofit sector present a timely need to understand the career path to the executive position, but very few studies on nonprofit career paths have been conducted. A systematic study would help make sense of the existing leadership pipeline to the executive office and offer promising insights that contribute to theory building in the sector. This study investigates the career paths of a national random sample of nonprofit executives serving health and human service nonprofit organizations. Primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed on the experience, education, and credentials these executives hold. The analysis evaluates variations among career characteristics, as well as applies career typologies from within and beyond the nonprofit sector. Respondents also provided qualitative descriptions of their path to executive office, which are insightful about influencing factors that are beyond a resume’s depiction of credentials. The findings are rich in descriptive value and are discussed in light of their utility for nonprofit boards charged with executive selection responsibilities. Finally, the findings are also applied to formulate propositions for future research about how individual career movement may be shaping the nonprofit sector. }, number={4}, journal={PUBLIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT}, author={Stewart, Amanda J. and Kuenzi, Kerry}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={359–381} }
 @article{kuenzi_stewart_2017, title={An Exploratory Study of the Nonprofit Executive Factor Linking Nonprofit Financial Performance and Executive Careers}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2157-0604"]}, DOI={10.18666/jnel-2017-v7-i4-8456}, abstractNote={As the nonprofit sector professionalizes, organizations face pressures for dual proficiency in mission and operations. The sector is led by an increasingly professionalized workforce, but not much is known about what is gained in terms of organizational performance as the sector shifts from its voluntary roots. Therefore, we report the results of an exploratory study in which we examined the effect of individual characteristics of nonprofit executives on nonprofit financial performance. Using a unique sample of 69 health and human service nonprofits, we applied upper echelons theory and linked educational background and professional experience of top management to different measures of organizational financial performance. Although we did not find a link between different career characteristics of nonprofit executives and nonprofit financial performance, this study poses new insights into nonprofit professionalization and the influence of the nonprofit executives over the performance of their organization. Subscribe to JNEL}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF NONPROFIT EDUCATION AND LEADERSHIP}, author={Kuenzi, Kerry and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2017}, pages={306–324} }
 @article{tebbe_stewart_hughes_adams_2017, title={Executive Succession Closing the Gap Between Ideals and Practice}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2157-0604"]}, DOI={10.18666/jnel-2017-v7-i4-8640}, abstractNote={At the 2016 Alliance for Nonprofit Management–ARNOVA joint conference sessions, we participated in a panel discussion that explored the gap between ideals and practice during nonprofit leadership succession, particularly chief executive succession and transitions. The panelists explored the fact that despite substantial philanthropic investment toward formalizing approaches to succession planning, executive transition management, and interim executive leadership, and despite nearly two decades of efforts toward making these approaches into mainstream management practices within the nonprofit sector, a significant gap remains between practice ideals and actual practice. The results of the session, including implications for practice and future recommendations from the audience of practitioners and researchers, can improve the on-the-ground practice of this key governance responsibility. Subscribe to JNEL}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF NONPROFIT EDUCATION AND LEADERSHIP}, author={Tebbe, Don and Stewart, Amanda J. and Hughes, Mary Bear and Adams, Tom}, year={2017}, pages={338–345} }
 @article{stewart_2017, title={Exploring board perspectives on non-profit executive turnover}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2040-8064"]}, DOI={10.1332/204080517x14942368265346}, abstractNote={This article explores what non-profit executive turnover looks like from the perspective of who is responsible for managing these turnover events – the voluntary board of directors. Boards operate with prescribed responsibilities but varying capacities to fulfil their duties. Non-profit professional literature has offered instruction for boards managing executive turnover events, but there has been little empirical study investigating how boards actually fulfil this critical responsibility. Using surveys and interviews, the research study on which this article is based engaged the boards of non-profits operating in the United States that had recently experienced executive turnover. The findings are instructive about the actual functioning of boards and offer new insights about how and why board management of executive transitions may stray from the prescribed ideal. The findings highlight the importance of board capacity and the implications of board–executive relations for the board’s management of executive turnover.}, number={2}, journal={VOLUNTARY SECTOR REVIEW}, author={Stewart, Amanda}, year={2017}, month={Jul}, pages={169–185} }
 @article{stewart_2017, title={Inside the Black Box: Investigating Philanthropic Foundation Strategies in a Dynamic Environment}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1944-5679"]}, DOI={10.9707/1944-5660.1387}, abstractNote={Foundations have been described as black boxes — implying that we know very little about what happens between inputs and outputs. We do know that they operate in dynamic environments and must adopt strategies to be effective in the face of change. This article, which examines the strategies of 29 foundations operating in one southeastern state, provides fresh insights into how foundations fulfill their missions.}, number={4}, journal={FOUNDATION REVIEW}, author={Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2017}, pages={54-+} }
 @article{stewart_diebold_2017, title={Turnover at the Top: Investigating Performance-Turnover Sensitivity among Nonprofit Organizations}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1557-9271"]}, DOI={10.1080/15309576.2017.1340900}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Research has confirmed private firm performance as a predictor of executive turnover, but whether this relationship holds in other organizational contexts—especially those operating without a profit-distribution requirement—is not known. For nonprofit organizations, performance monitoring and governance largely occur behind closed doors under the leadership of a volunteer board of directors. Nonprofits are commonly criticized as inefficient, even ineffective, and the accountability of boards and executives for organizational performance has not been sufficiently investigated. This article engages a unique dataset of 998 U.S.-based nonprofits serving missions related to the arts, health, and human services, and uses a multiple-spell discrete-time hazard model to evaluate nonprofit financial performance and the likelihood of executive turnover. The findings provide preliminary support that tenure in the executive office is sensitive to nonprofit financial performance, and in doing so, they raise new insights about the accountability of nonprofit executives.}, number={4}, journal={PUBLIC PERFORMANCE & MANAGEMENT REVIEW}, author={Stewart, Amanda J. and Diebold, Jeffrey}, year={2017}, pages={741–764} }
 @article{stewart_2016, title={Exploring Nonprofit Executive Turnover}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1542-7854"]}, DOI={10.1002/nml.21225}, abstractNote={Projections of executive turnover loom over the three sectors with aging baby boomers filling many executive‐level positions, and research into causes, outcomes, and processes of turnover are timely inquiries. Yet, scholarly attention into nonprofit executive turnover has been limited to date and has not sufficiently examined actual turnover events. To help address this gap, forty nonprofit organizations that had recently experienced executive turnover were selected from a national random sample, and the current executives participated in an interview. This qualitative data was analyzed to identify factors and dynamics that define nonprofit executive turnover. These findings both confirm practical knowledge and offer new insights relevant to future research and practitioners alike.}, number={1}, journal={NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT & LEADERSHIP}, author={Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2016}, pages={43–58} }
 @article{faulk_willems_johnson_stewart_2016, title={Network Connections and Competitively Awarded Funding: The impacts of board network structures and status interlocks on nonprofit organizations' foundation grant acquisition}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1471-9045"]}, DOI={10.1080/14719037.2015.1112421}, abstractNote={Abstract This analysis investigates whether nonprofit board connections with other nonprofit organizations and foundations explain organizational performance in earning foundation grants. Using a sample of 402 nonprofits and sixty-eight foundations in a single metropolitan area, we find that greater connectedness and status interlocks significantly influence organizations’ ability to acquire resources. Network effects are partially mediated by the number of past grants received and a nonprofit’s financial characteristics, including organizational size, fundraising expenses, and financial health. These findings, while supporting the role of networks in resource attainment, point to the complex and mutual relationships between organizational characteristics, network characteristics, and organizational performance.}, number={10}, journal={PUBLIC MANAGEMENT REVIEW}, author={Faulk, Lewis and Willems, Jurgen and Johnson, Jasmine McGinnis and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2016}, pages={1425–1455} }
 @article{andersson_faulk_stewart_2016, title={Toward More Targeted Capacity Building: Diagnosing Capacity Needs Across Organizational Life Stages}, volume={27}, ISSN={0957-8765 1573-7888}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/S11266-015-9634-7}, DOI={10.1007/S11266-015-9634-7}, number={6}, journal={VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Andersson, Fredrik O. and Faulk, Lewis and Stewart, Amanda J.}, year={2016}, month={Dec}, pages={2860–2888} }