@article{khater_culang_2017, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={49}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743816001100}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743816001100}, abstractNote={The articles in this issue explore the formation and consolidation of national political communities in the Middle East, as well as the atomization of those communities over the past half-decade. The opening section, “Labor and Economy,” brings together two scholars of modern Egypt. In “The Egyptian Labor Corps: Workers, Peasants, and the State in World War I,” Kyle J. Anderson focuses on Britain's mobilization of Egypt's human resources for the war effort. The British recruited workers and peasants from rural areas of Egypt to serve as laborers in the Egyptian Labor Corps (ELC), which Britain had formed to provide logistical support to its troops in various theaters of war, principally nearby Palestine. By reconstructing the wartime recruitment network through the colonial archive, Anderson considers the broad relationship between the central state extending out of Cairo and rural Egyptian society. Where many historians of modern Egypt have seen a hermetic bifurcation characterized by mutual antagonism, Anderson sees linkages and interdependence that undermine category boundaries. The ELC recruitment effort “bound ordinary Egyptians from all corners of the Nile Valley to one another, to their local administrative officials, and to wartime decision makers in Cairo, in London, and on the front lines of the war.” Seeing the relationship between power and resistance as dialectical and mutually constitutive, he shows how, in reaction to wartime mobilization efforts, “workers and peasants developed new ways of interacting with state officials,” while “the Anglo-Egyptian state changed its labor recruitment practices in response to recruits, their families, and their communities in the countryside.” Anderson's analysis of ELC recruitment concludes by providing important context for rural responses to the outbreak of revolt in 1919.}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2017}, month={Jan}, pages={1–3} }
 @article{khater_culang_2017, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={49}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743817000010}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743817000010}, abstractNote={How do history and literature create a sense of ethnic or imperial community? And how do social and legal normative and disruptive narratives contribute to drawing the boundaries of such communities? To provide some answers, this issue brings together three articles on “Historicizing Fiction” and two on “Early Safavids and Ottomans.” In the first section, David Selim Sayers's article, “Sociosexual Roles in Ottoman Pulp Fiction,” analyzes “premodern sociosexual roles” in the Ottoman Empire through the Tıfli stories, a form of lowbrow literature that narrates the everyday lives of their protagonists in Ottoman Istanbul. This genre seems to have appeared initially in the 18th century, but it peaked in the early 19th century amidst the expansion of Ottoman commercial printing. As Sayers points out, the early 19th century was also a period that witnessed a major transformation of the sociosexual order of the Middle East, perhaps explaining why the authors of the Tıfli stories reflected on the prior order in their writing. Sayers argues that whereas most sources on this subject are prescriptive and transgressive, seeking to “outline, defend, or undermine sociosexual norms,” the Tıfli stories “portray the conflict that ensues when these norms are compromised in suspenseful yet relatable ways.” Through his analysis of these stories, Sayers blurs the lines between roles such as the boy-beloved, the female adolescent, and the adult male and female pursuer, which in other sources and analyses appear self-contained. Yet he also makes an effort “to advance beyond a definition of the roles towards an understanding of how they were negotiated by subjects of history.”}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2017}, month={Apr}, pages={211–213} }
 @article{khater_culang_2017, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={49}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743817000289}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743817000289}, abstractNote={It is with deep sorrow that we open this issue with the announcement that <jats:italic>IJMES}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2017}, month={Jul}, pages={371–373} }
 @article{khater_culang_2016, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={48}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743815001439}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743815001439}, abstractNote={This issue is focused on the politics of belonging/exclusion at the level of rhetoric and everyday practice. We open with two articles—Jonathan Shannon's “There and Back Again: Rhetorics of al-Andalus in Modern Syrian” and Ellen McLarney's “Freedom, Justice, and the Power of <jats:italic>Adab}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2016}, month={Jan}, pages={1–3} }
 @article{khater_culang_2016, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={48}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743816000027}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743816000027}, abstractNote={This issue is focused on reframing analytical categories in ways different from how scholars have used them, and mechanisms of power in juxtaposition to how states intended them. We open with two articles on “Reading in Translation.” Anne-Marie E. McManus's “Scale in the Balance: Reading with the International Prize for Arabic Fiction (‘The Arabic Booker’)” focuses on the International Prize for Arabic Fiction, or IPAF. Founded in 2007 with funding from Dubai and based on the more well-known Man Booker Prize, the IPAF is awarded to one Arabic novel each year. The prize supports that novel's translation into English and catapults it from the national domain into a global marketplace of readers whose reading practices, McManus suggests, have already been shaped by the postcolonial Anglophone novel. Arguing that methods inherited from postcolonial studies are inadequate for addressing these modes of reading and interpretation (i.e., the national and the global), McManus develops a comparative “scale-based method” combining insights from postcolonial and world literary theory and from area studies, which she brings to bear on two IPAF-winning Egyptian novels: Bahaʾ Taher's <jats:italic>Wahat al-Ghurub}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2016}, month={Apr}, pages={213–215} }
 @article{khater_culang_2016, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={48}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743816000428}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743816000428}, abstractNote={This issue examines the power of categories, both historically and in contemporary scholarly and public discourse. Whether focused on medicine in colonial Algeria, the varied meanings of the word “mamluk” in Ottoman Tunisia, discursive constructions of the “Jewish refugee,” gender as an analytical category in academic writing, or another topic, our article and roundtable authors push us to consider how categories have shaped modes of life and politics, and how they shape our scholarship.}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2016}, month={Jul}, pages={441–443} }
 @article{khater_culang_2016, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={48}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743816000799}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743816000799}, abstractNote={This issue centers on two predominant themes: space, boundaries, and belonging from the end of empire to the early nation-state era; and the relationship between political discourse, political praxis, and values. The first section, “Belonging, Boundaries, and Law,” opens with Asher Kaufman's article, “Belonging and Continuity: Israeli Druze and Lebanon, 1982–2000,” on the spatial perceptions and practices of communities in the Middle East under the nation-state. Kaufman observes that only over the past few decades have scholars of the post–World War I order in the region begun to question “the ‘nation-state’ as the natural geographical and political unit of analysis.” Using Druze citizens of Israel before, during, and after Israel's occupation of South Lebanon as his case, he readjusts the lens toward substate, suprastate, and trans-state dynamics. Until the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Druze communal and religious networks had spanned the whole of <jats:italic>bilād al-shām}, number={4}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2016}, month={Sep}, pages={631–633} }
 @article{khater_culang_2015, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={47}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002074381400141X}, DOI={10.1017/S002074381400141X}, abstractNote={It is with humility that we begin our tenure as editor and managing editor of <jats:italic>IJMES}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2015}, month={Feb}, pages={1–4} }
 @article{khater_culang_2015, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={47}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002074381500001X}, DOI={10.1017/S002074381500001X}, abstractNote={This issue opens with two articles that explore “Ottoman Belonging” during two significant moments bookending the Ottoman past. The first of these moments is the Ottoman Empire's incorporation of Arab lands after its defeat of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1515–17; the second is the emergence of Ottoman imperial citizenship in the period between the 1908 Constitutional Revolution and World War I, which precipitated the empire's collapse. Helen Pfeifer's article, “Encounter after the Conquest: Scholarly Gatherings in 16th-Century Ottoman Damascus,” traces the intellectual component of the Ottoman Empire's absorption of formerly Mamluk subjects after rapidly conquering an immense territory stretching from Damascus to Cairo to Mecca. As Western European states expanded to control new territories and peoples, the Turkish-speaking Ottomans from the central lands (Rumis) had new encounters of their own—with the Arabic-speaking inhabitants of Egypt, Greater Syria, and the Hijaz. The conquest transferred the seat of political power in the Islamicate world from Cairo to Istanbul. Yet, as Pfeifer discusses, the Ottomans understood that their newly acquired political power had no parallel in cultural and religious domains, where prestige belonged predominantly to Arab scholars. Focusing on <jats:italic>majālis}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2015}, month={Apr}, pages={215–218} }
 @article{khater_culang_2015, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={47}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743815000471}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743815000471}, abstractNote={The cover image for this issue, from Moroccan artist Mounir Fatmi's installation <jats:italic>Modern Times}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2015}, month={Jul}, pages={421–423} }
 @article{khater_culang_2015, title={EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, volume={47}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743815000914}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743815000914}, abstractNote={How to realize your self? This question, reflective of neoliberal understandings of individual subjectivity and the sacred, is the basis of the Egyptian self-help guide whose artwork graces this issue's cover. The book is one among hundreds like it that can be bought in Egypt's bookstalls and bookstores, from where they circulate through the homes and workplaces of readers. This growing and popular corpus is the focus of Jeffrey T. Kenney's “<jats:sc>S}, number={4}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram and Culang, Jeffrey}, year={2015}, month={Oct}, pages={659–661} }
 @article{khater_2012, title={"Flying while Arab": The experiences of Arab Americans in the wake of 9/11}, volume={31}, DOI={10.5406/jamerethnhist.31.4.0074}, number={4}, journal={Journal of American Ethnic History}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2012}, pages={75–79} }
 @misc{khater_2011, title={American Christians and Islam: Evangelical culture and Muslims from the colonial period to the age of terrorism}, volume={97}, number={1}, journal={Catholic Historical Review}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2011}, pages={180–182} }
 @misc{khater_2011, title={American Evangelicals in Egypt: Missionary Encounters in an Age of Empire. By Heather Sharkey. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2008. xvi + 318 pp. $45.00 cloth.}, volume={80}, ISSN={0009-6407 1755-2613}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0009640711001636}, DOI={10.1017/S0009640711001636}, number={4}, journal={Church History}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram F.}, year={2011}, month={Nov}, pages={956–959} }
 @misc{khater_2011, title={American evangelicals in Egypt: Missionary encounters in an age of empire}, volume={80}, number={4}, journal={Church History}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2011}, pages={956–959} }
 @article{khater_2011, title={Fin de Siecle Beirut: The Making of an Ottoman Provincial Capital}, volume={43}, ISSN={["0020-7438"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0020743811000201}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES}, author={Khater, Akram Fouad}, year={2011}, month={May}, pages={339–341} }
 @article{khater_2010, title={How Does New Scholarship on Christians and Christianity in the Middle East Shape How We View the History of the Region and Its Current Issues?}, volume={42}, ISSN={["0020-7438"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0020743810000450}, number={3}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES}, author={Khater, Akram}, year={2010}, month={Aug}, pages={471–471} }
 @article{khater_2008, title={"God has called me to be free": Aleppan nuns and the transformation of catholicism in 18th-century Bilad Al-Sham}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1471-6380"]}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743808081002}, number={3}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES}, author={Khater, Akram}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={421–443} }
 @misc{khater_2008, title={The making of a Syrian identity: Intellectuals and merchants in nineteenth-century Beirut}, volume={23}, number={1}, journal={Mediterranean Historical Review}, author={Khater, A.}, year={2008}, pages={91–93} }
 @misc{khater_2007, title={Being modern in the Middle East: Revolution, nationalism, colonialism and the Arab middle class}, volume={32}, number={2}, journal={Social History}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2007}, pages={210–211} }
 @article{khater_2005, title={Inventing Lebanon: Nationalism and the state under the mandate}, volume={37}, ISSN={["1471-6380"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0020743805222067}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES}, author={Khater, A}, year={2005}, month={May}, pages={264–266} }
 @misc{khater_2005, title={The Creation of Iraq, 1914–1921}, volume={34}, ISSN={0361-2759 1930-8280}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2005.10526750}, DOI={10.1080/03612759.2005.10526750}, number={1}, journal={History: Reviews of New Books}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Khater, Akram}, year={2005}, month={Jan}, pages={24–25} }
 @misc{khater_2004, title={Civil and uncivil violence in Lebanon: A history of the internationalization of communal conflict}, volume={36}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2004}, pages={525–527} }
 @book{khater_2004, title={Sources in the history of the modern Middle East}, ISBN={0395980674}, publisher={Boston: Houghton Mifflin}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2004} }
 @book{khater_2001, title={Inventing home: Emigration, gender, and the middle class in Lebanon}, ISBN={0520227395}, publisher={Berkeley: University of California Press}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2001} }
 @misc{khater_2000, title={The Merchant Republic of Lebanon: Rise of an open economy.}, volume={60}, DOI={10.1017/s0022050700025456}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Economic History}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={2000}, pages={568–569} }
 @article{khater_1999, title={Notables and clergy in Mount Lebanon: The Khazin sheikhs and the Maronite church (1736-1840)}, volume={31}, ISSN={["0020-7438"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0020743800054222}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES}, author={Khater, A}, year={1999}, month={May}, pages={303–304} }
 @misc{khater_1998, title={Muslim politics}, volume={61}, number={1}, journal={Historian}, author={Khater, A. F.}, year={1998}, pages={142142} }
 @article{khater_1998, title={The Middle East economy: Decline and recovery}, volume={30}, ISSN={["0020-7438"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0020743800065740}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES}, author={Khater, AF}, year={1998}, month={Feb}, pages={146–148} }
 @article{khater_1996, title={“House” to “Goddess of the House”: Gender, Class, and Silk in 19th-century Mount Lebanon}, volume={28}, ISSN={0020-7438 1471-6380}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0020743800063480}, DOI={10.1017/S0020743800063480}, abstractNote={“Are you going to behave like a factory girl?!” With this phrase, an 1880s peasant in Mount Lebanon not only admonished a daughter, but also encapsulated the social and economic transformations which were altering the notions of family and society, and the gender roles underlying both. Typically enough, these transformations came about between 1843 and 1914 as a result of the interaction between the local peasant economy and European capitalism. Modernization and dependency narratives of such an encounter follow the line of “tradition” versus “modernity,” with Europe ultimately dictating an inevitable outcome to its absolute benefit. Yet closer examination reveals the story in Mount Lebanon to be far more complicated. In particular, gender replaces this artificial bipolarity with a triangular struggle among peasant men, peasant women, and European capitalists. Furthermore, rather than being historical victims, women and men in Mount Lebanon—with intersecting and diverging interests—worked to contour the outcome of their encounter with Europe and to take control over their individual and collective lives. While the equation of power was most definitely in favor of European merchants and capitalists, the struggles of these peasants were not for naught. Rather, as I will argue in this paper, their travails made the outcome multifaceted and less predictable than European capitalists would have liked it to be.}, number={3}, journal={International Journal of Middle East Studies}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Khater, Akram Fouad}, year={1996}, month={Aug}, pages={325–348} }