@article{hackman_cook_strahm_carter_woodley_garcia_albaugh_rubilar_campoe_2024, title={<i>Pinus</i><i> taeda</i> carryover phosphorus availability on the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain}, volume={555}, ISSN={["1872-7042"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.foreco.2024.121701}, abstractNote={Phosphorus (P) fertilizer that remains in the soil after harvest and into the subsequent rotation is referred to as carryover P. Carryover P is not well understood in loblolly pine (P. taeda) silviculture, especially on highly P responsive sites, where this effect could potentially have the greatest benefit to land managers. Our study aims to determine the duration of the P carryover effect and the magnitude of response to soil P as it relates to previously applied P fertilizer rates from the previous rotation. To address this knowledge gap, we studied two highly weathered sites on the lower Atlantic coastal plain: a somewhat poorly drained Spodosol and a poorly drained Alfisol over three years from pre- to post-harvest. Two years post planting, carryover fertilizer treatments resulted in a 13% increase in height for the 121 kg P ha-1, a 15% for the 81 kg P ha-1, and a 17% increase for the fertilized 40 + 45 kg P ha-1 treatments compared to the control for the Alfisol. Spodosols appeared to respond to any additional fertilization compared to the control group regardless of rate. Importantly, we found that O horizon mass and P content from the first rotation, approximately seven years before harvest, exhibited a positive linear relationship with one-year-old heights in the Spodosol and one- and two-year-old heights in the Alfisol. These findings shed light on the importance of the O horizon characteristics and its potential as an indicator for tree growth in subsequent rotations.}, journal={FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Hackman, Jacob and Cook, Rachel and Strahm, Brian and Carter, David and Woodley, Alex and Garcia, Kevin and Albaugh, Timothy and Rubilar, Rafael and Campoe, Otavio}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @article{forfora_azuaje_vivas_vera_brito_venditti_kelley_tu_woodley_gonzalez_2024, title={Evaluating biomass sustainability: Why below-ground carbon sequestration matters}, volume={439}, ISSN={["1879-1786"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140677}, DOI={10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140677}, abstractNote={Biomass, as a raw material, has been identified as a crucial component of decarbonization strategies to mitigate climate change. Decisions on which biomass should be targeted for different purposes are dependent on variables such as availability, chemical composition, and sustainability. Consumer perception often positions non-wood sources, such as bamboo, as environmentally preferable feedstocks for fiber-based product production. Yet, this perceived environmental benefit lacks robust scientific substantiation and standardized methodologies. This study addresses this gap by conducting a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of twelve biomass production systems encompassing tree plantations, dedicated crops, and agricultural residues for energy and bioproducts manufacture. The evaluated feedstocks include southern softwood, wheat straw, rice straw, rice husk, hemp hurd, sugarcane bagasse, switchgrass, biomass sorghum (United States), eucalyptus (Brazil), bamboo (China), and northern softwood (Canada). Incorporating a critical yet often overlooked factor, this LCA integrates the potential soil organic carbon sequestration (SOC) via below-ground biomass for each biomass type. This consideration significantly alters the estimated carbon intensity per ton of feedstock, potentially reshaping sustainability perceptions as certain systems emerge as carbon sinks. From a cradle-to-farm gate perspective, the assessed global warming potential for biomass production spans 12–245 kg CO2eq per oven-dry ton (ODt), factoring only anthropogenic emissions. However, when accounting for SOC sequestration, the range shifts to −170 to 228 kg CO2eq per ODt, highlighting the potential role of biomass to act as carbon sink systems. By illuminating the dynamic influence of SOC sequestration, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of biomass-related carbon emissions, shedding light on pathways to mitigate environmental impact.}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION}, author={Forfora, Naycari and Azuaje, Ivana and Vivas, Keren A. and Vera, Ramon E. and Brito, Amelys and Venditti, Richard and Kelley, Stephen and Tu, Qingshi and Woodley, Alex and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{hackman_woodley_carter_strahm_averill_vilgalys_garcia_cook_2024, title={Fungal biomass and ectomycorrhizal community assessment of phosphorus responsive <i>Pinus taeda</i> plantations}, volume={5}, ISSN={["2673-6128"]}, DOI={10.3389/ffunb.2024.1401427}, abstractNote={Ectomycorrhizal fungi and non-ectomycorrhizal fungi are responsive to changes in environmental and nutrient availabilities. Although many species of ectomycorrhizas are known to enhance the uptake of phosphorus and other nutrients for Pinus taeda , it is not understood how to optimize these communities to have tangible effects on plantation silviculture and P use efficiency. The first step of this process is the identification of native fungi present in the system that are associated with P. taeda and influence P uptake efficiency. We used sand-filled mesh bags baited with finely ground apatite to sample ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with the rhizosphere of P-responsive P. taeda under several field conditions. Mesh bags were assessed for biomass accumulation over three years using a single three-month burial period pre-harvest and three six-month burial periods post-planting. Amplicon sequencing assessed ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal communities between phosphorus treatments, sites, mesh bags, and the rhizosphere of actively growing P. taeda in the field. We found biomass accumulation within the mesh bags was inversely related to increasing phosphorus fertilization (carryover) rates from pre-harvest to post-planting. Up to 25% increases in total biomass within the bags were observed for bags baited with P. Taxonomic richness was highest in Alfisol soils treated with phosphorus from the previous rotation and lowest in the Spodosol regardless of phosphorus treatment.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY}, author={Hackman, Jacob and Woodley, Alex and Carter, David and Strahm, Brian and Averill, Collin and Vilgalys, Rytas and Garcia, Kevin and Cook, Rachel}, year={2024}, month={May} }
 @article{woodard_schultheis_jennings_woodley_suchoff_2024, title={Horizontal Planting Orientation Can Improve Yield in Organically Grown Sweetpotato}, volume={59}, ISSN={["2327-9834"]}, DOI={10.21273/HORTSCI17352-23}, abstractNote={Sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is one of North Carolina’s (USA) most important organic commodity crops; however, yields tend to be less when compared with conventionally produced sweetpotato. Standard field establishment uses unrooted stem cuttings that are transplanted vertically in the soil. Producers in other countries typically use other planting orientations, including cuttings transplanted horizontally. Empirical evidence from North Carolina, USA, sweetpotato producers suggests that a horizontal orientation may improve yields. An organically managed field study using ‘Monaco’ sweetpotato was conducted in 2020 and 2021 in Bailey, NC, USA. The study evaluated stem cutting planting orientations (vertical, sleeve, horizontal), stem cutting length (25 cm and 38 cm), and harvest time (early or late) in a full-factorial randomized complete block design. In 2020, marketable yields were 16% greater for the horizontal orientation compared with the vertical orientation, with intermediate yields using the sleeve attachment. However, in 2021, there were no differences in marketable yield among planting orientations. In both years, US No. 1–grade yields were significantly greater when cuttings were planted horizontally compared with vertically, with an average increase of 18%. Delaying harvest until ∼126 days is recommended to increase yields for ‘Monaco’, regardless of planting orientation. This study provides evidence that a horizontal planting orientation could increase premium root yields and improve land-use efficiency for organically produced sweetpotatoes.}, number={1}, journal={HORTSCIENCE}, author={Woodard, Alyssa J. and Schultheis, Jonathan R. and Jennings, Katherine M. and Woodley, Alex L. and Suchoff, David H.}, year={2024}, month={Jan}, pages={36–42} }
 @article{lay-walters_heagy_woodley_hoffmann_2024, title={Impact of Pre-Plant Fertilizer Rates in Combination with Polysulphate® on Soil Nitrogen Distribution and Yield of Short-Day Strawberries (<i>Fragaria</i> x <i>ananassa</i> cv. Camarosa)}, volume={14}, ISSN={["2073-4395"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/4/774}, DOI={10.3390/agronomy14040774}, abstractNote={Strawberries are by far the most produced soft fruit (blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, and strawberries) worldwide, with China and the US being the two countries with the most production. In the US, strawberries reached a farm gate value of more than USD 3 billion in 2023 and are predominantly grown in the open field on an annual cycle in hilled-up soil beds using plastic mulch (plasticulture). This process relies on adequate pre-plant fertilizer application for plant establishment and fruit development. In North Carolina (US), it is current practice to apply pre-plant fertilizer containing 67 nitrogen (N) kg/ha; however, with increasing fertilizer costs and environmental concerns, questions remain as to whether or not pre-plant full-spectrum fertilizer rates can be reduced and substituted with organic low-N fertilizer sources, such as Polysulphate, without impacting yield or fruit quality. For this reason, field trials were established to evaluate the impact of pre-plant fertilizer rates on strawberry production (‘Camarosa’). Trials were conducted in the 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 seasons at two locations in North Carolina. The following N-rate pre-plant fertilizer treatments were applied: 80.1, 67.3, 54.1, 41.1, 33.6, 28.0, and 0 kg/ha. NO3 and NH4 content were frequently assessed in each replicate in the raised bed profile between planting and spring fertilizer application. Marketable and total strawberry yields were assessed over 6 weeks in the spring of 2020 and 2021. Our trial results showed that, especially in sandy soil, N rapidly declined under plastic within the first 8 weeks after pre-plant fertilizer application. However, no impact between pre-plant fertilizer rates and plant yield was observed. Treatments that contained Polysulphate and lower amounts of full-spectrum fertilizer showed significantly lower N concentrations in the soil while maintaining similar yields and fruit quality compared to grower-standard pre-plant fertilizer treatments. In summary, our results show that it is possible to reduce N content in pre-plant fertilizer by up to 50% compared to current recommendations without causing yield loss in short-day strawberry cultivars.}, number={4}, journal={AGRONOMY-BASEL}, author={Lay-Walters, Amanda and Heagy, Kimberly and Woodley, Alex and Hoffmann, Mark}, year={2024}, month={Apr} }
 @article{qiu_zhang_zhang_xu_zhao_bai_zhao_wang_sheng_bloszies_et al._2024, title={Intermediate soil acidification induces highest nitrous oxide emissions}, volume={15}, ISSN={["2041-1723"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41467-024-46931-3}, abstractNote={Global potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil are accelerating, with increases in the proportion of reactive nitrogen emitted as N2O, i.e., N2O emission factor (EF). Yet, the primary controls and underlying mechanisms of EFs remain unresolved. Based on two independent but complementary global syntheses, and three field studies determining effects of acidity on N2O EFs and soil denitrifying microorganisms, we show that soil pH predominantly controls N2O EFs and emissions by affecting the denitrifier community composition. Analysis of 5438 paired data points of N2O emission fluxes revealed a hump-shaped relationship between soil pH and EFs, with the highest EFs occurring in moderately acidic soils that favored N2O-producing over N2O-consuming microorganisms, and induced high N2O emissions. Our results illustrate that soil pH has a unimodal relationship with soil denitrifiers and EFs, and the net N2O emission depends on both the N2O/(N2O + N2) ratio and overall denitrification rate. These findings can inform strategies to predict and mitigate soil N2O emissions under future nitrogen input scenarios.}, number={1}, journal={NATURE COMMUNICATIONS}, author={Qiu, Yunpeng and Zhang, Yi and Zhang, Kangcheng and Xu, Xinyu and Zhao, Yunfeng and Bai, Tongshuo and Zhao, Yexin and Wang, Hao and Sheng, Xiongjie and Bloszies, Sean and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @article{gillespie_sit_loucanides_hu_matusko_terwilliger_shi_steffen_woodley_hu_2024, title={Multi-amplicon nitrogen cycling gene standard: An innovative approach for quantifying N-transforming soil microbes in terrestrial ecosystems}, volume={195}, ISSN={["1879-3428"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109461}, DOI={10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109461}, abstractNote={Agriculture accounts for nearly three-fourths of all nitrous oxide (N2O) anthropogenic emissions, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG). Improvements in agricultural management practices are critical for improving plant nitrogen (N) use efficiency and reducing N2O emissions. While implementing "climate-smart" management can reduce N2O emissions, building a linkage between these emissions and the N-cycling microbes that drive them will require N-cycling gene assays that are cost-effective, practical, and accessible to climate-smart researchers. In a recent study, Han et al. (2023) demonstrated the suitability of synthetic oligonucleotides to serve as real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) standards for quantifying microbial genes in soils. While this study is not based on the works of Han et al. (2023), our results complement their findings and offer fresh insights into this novel methodology. Here, we describe an innovative approach that provides precision in the absolute quantification of five N-transforming target genes (AOB amoA, AOA amoA, nirK, nirS, and nosZ) in soils. Similar to Han et al. (2023), our method obviates the cost-intensive aspects of traditional qPCR methods for preparing standard curves in soil microbial ecology (e.g., gel purification of PCR products and in-vivo cloning of plasmids) and is capable of being extended to any biochemical system, or environment of interest. Additionally, our qPCR approach provides several advantages: it utilizes a single multi-amplicon synthetic oligonucleotide, requires only a single dilution series and one stock solution to quantify all gene targets, and contains a non-edaphic gene (ZIKV) that can serve as a soil spike to determine DNA extraction efficiency and DNA recovery estimates. Furthermore, our protocol mitigates PCR inhibition from soil-derived substances using a modified DNA extraction protocol and inhibitor-tolerant polymerase. Ultimately, our work aims to reduce the technical burden on non-biologists/biochemists when conducting soil microbiological assays, support the development of climate mediation practices, and advance climate-smart agriculture goals.}, journal={SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY}, author={Gillespie, Christopher J. and Sit, Tim L. and Loucanides, Althea J. and Hu, Jialin and Matusko, Brooke E. and Terwilliger, Nicholas R. and Shi, Wei and Steffen, Samantha M. and Woodley, Alex L. and Hu, Shuijin}, year={2024}, month={Aug} }
 @article{huddell_thapa_marcillo_abendroth_ackroyd_armstrong_asmita_bagavathiannan_balkcom_basche_et al._2024, title={US cereal rye winter cover crop growth database}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2052-4463"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41597-024-02996-9}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={SCIENTIFIC DATA}, author={Huddell, Alexandra M. and Thapa, Resham and Marcillo, Guillermo S. and Abendroth, Lori J. and Ackroyd, Victoria J. and Armstrong, Shalamar D. and Asmita, Gautam and Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V. and Balkcom, Kipling S. and Basche, Andrea and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{hackman_cook_strahm_carter_woodley_garcia_2024, title={Using microdialysis to assess soil diffusive P and translocated sap flow P concentrations in Southern <i>Pinus taeda</i> plantations}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1573-5036"]}, DOI={10.1007/s11104-023-06468-8}, journal={PLANT AND SOIL}, author={Hackman, Jacob and Cook, Rachel and Strahm, Brian and Carter, David and Woodley, Alex and Garcia, Kevin}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{mathers_heitman_huseth_locke_osmond_woodley_2023, title={No-till imparts yield stability and greater cumulative yield under variable weather conditions in the southeastern USA piedmont}, volume={292}, ISSN={0378-4290}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2023.108811}, DOI={10.1016/j.fcr.2023.108811}, abstractNote={With projected increases in global temperatures and changes in regional climate, understanding the impact of soil management choices on yield stability is critical for farmer decision-making and agricultural resiliency. No-till and conservation tillage have had variable yield effects depending on crop and location, requiring long-term system-specific studies to gauge potential benefits. Yield and weather data from a 28-year tillage study in the southeastern U.S. piedmont region were analyzed to determine the effect of various conservation tillage practices on maize and soybean productivity and stability under a variety of growth conditions. Growing seasons were grouped by soil moisture and temperature during crop growth stages, and mean crop yields and yield coefficient of variation for the tillage treatments were calculated within the year clusters. Probability density estimates were also used to predict the likelihood of obtaining yields at low and high percentiles. No-till and conservation tillage increased maize yields 42–93% and no-till decreased coefficient of variation of maize yields when soil moisture was low by 10–32%, but had a less pronounced effect on soybean yields. However, the probability of reaching the 90th yield percentile was greater in no-till than conventional tillage in both maize and soybean, by 15% and 10%, respectively. Yield differentiation occurred early in the study, before there was likely substantial differentiation of soil properties from tillage treatments. Previous reports from the site have likewise indicated little differentiation in soil health between tillage systems over the life of the study. Results suggest that surface residue management may be an important driver of system performance, possibly more so than overall soil health.}, journal={Field Crops Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Mathers, Cara and Heitman, Joshua and Huseth, Anders and Locke, Anna and Osmond, Deanna and Woodley, Alexander}, year={2023}, month={Mar}, pages={108811} }
 @article{kulesza_woodley_heather_kilroy_2022, place={111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}, title={Cover crops can increase ammonia volatilization and reduce the efficacy of urease inhibitors}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1435-0661"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20367}, DOI={10.1002/saj2.20367}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Kulesza, Stephanie B. and Woodley, Alex L. and Heather, Kayleigh and Kilroy, Grace}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{kulesza_burns_woodley_gatiboni_shupe_hicks_2022, title={Distribution and Fractionation of Zinc and Copper in Poultry Litters Across North Carolina}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1532-2416"]}, DOI={10.1080/00103624.2022.2072866}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) are necessary micronutrients for crop production. However, excess Zn and Cu applied through land application of manures can result in Zn and Cu toxicity, reducing yields. With many integrators and little information on the formulation of poultry feeds in North Carolina (NC), it is difficult to predict the fractionation of Zn and Cu in litters generated at facilities, as the form of Zn and Cu determines mobility and bioavailability. Therefore, statewide data from the NC Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services was analyzed to determine regional variation of total Zn and Cu. The results showed a significant effect of the region on the total Zn and Cu among the three production regions in the state. Additionally, 11 broilers and broiler breeder litter samples were analyzed to determine the distribution of Zn and Cu in acid soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions. Total Zn and Cu averaged 675 mg/kg and 629 mg/kg, respectively. There was a significant interaction between the region and Zn concentration in the fractions. However, there was no region interaction when converted to a percentage of the sum of the fractions, indicating Zn partitions similarly across a wide range of concentrations and 37%, 40%, 21%, and 0.6% was found in the acid soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions, respectively. Region did not have an effect on Cu fractionation, with 26%, 8%, 67%, and 2% of Cu in the acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions, respectively. Results indicate greater bioavailability and mobility potential for Zn as compared to Cu.}, journal={COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS}, author={Kulesza, Stephanie and Burns, Joseph and Woodley, Alex and Gatiboni, Luciano and Shupe, Maggie and Hicks, Kristin}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{burns_kulesza_vann_woodley_2022, title={Effects of Nitrogen Source and Rate on Soybean Yield and Quality}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1532-2416"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2022.2118299}, DOI={10.1080/00103624.2022.2118299}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT The poultry industry in North Carolina (NC) has increased substantially over the past few decades, which has led to widespread availability of poultry litter. While many grain producers in NC utilize litter in their fertilization programs, it is typically applied to the corn or wheat crops that are in the rotation with soybean, instead of directly prior to soybeans. However, there is interest in application to soybean. Therefore, three field sites were established across NC in both 2019 and 2020, with four replicates of 11 treatments: four litter rates (22.4, 44.8, 89.7 and 134.5 Mg/hectare), six inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates (16.8, 33.6, 67.3, 134.5, 201.8, and 269.0 kg N/hectare), and a control. The impact of these treatments on biomass production, tissue N, plant population, yield, and grain quality were investigated. There was no significant effect on yield in 2019; however, there was a significant effect on yield in 2020, showing a negative correlation with inorganic N fertilizer in Plymouth and a 22% reduction in yield over the range of inorganic N treatments. It is possible there was an increased salt effect in these plots, as there was a negative response in plant population at five of six site years. While there was a positive correlation between grain protein and increasing inorganic N rate, growers are not paid based on grain quality. The results of this study suggest N application at planting is not beneficial for growers, but litter could be applied to meet soybean phosphorus or potassium demands.}, journal={COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS}, author={Burns, Joseph and Kulesza, Stephanie and Vann, Rachel and Woodley, Alex}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{machanoff_vann_woodley_suchoff_2022, title={Evaluation of conservation tillage practices in the production of organic flue-cured tobacco}, volume={5}, ISSN={["2639-6696"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.20317}, DOI={10.1002/agg2.20317}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={AGROSYSTEMS GEOSCIENCES & ENVIRONMENT}, author={Machanoff, Cordelia H. and Vann, Matthew Christopher and Woodley, Alex L. and Suchoff, David}, year={2022} }
 @article{hackman_ozyhar_chien_hilty_woodley_cook_2022, title={Evaluation of synthetic hydroxyapatite as a potential phosphorus fertilizer for application in Forest plantations}, volume={18}, ISSN={["2158-0715"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85136474133&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/21580103.2022.2115149}, abstractNote={Abstract Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) was compared against triple superphosphate (TSP) and two unprocessed phosphate rocks (PR1, PR2) to (1) quantify and assess a synthetic lamellar structured-HA for its solubility and diffusiveness under acidic, sandy, soil conditions, (2) Evaluate synthetic lamellar structured-HA as a phosphorus early rotation fertilizer for Eucalyptus saplings. Soil incubation experiments verified that HA released more diffusive phosphorus into the soil than non-synthetic phosphate rock and had similar amounts of diffusive phosphorus as TSP. The solubility of HA at pH 3 and pH 6 was higher than that of raw ground phosphate rocks (apatites). Total dry-matter yield (DMY) and shoot-length of Eucalyptus seedlings grown for 154 days in acid soil (pH 4.9) were increased significantly by the application of HA compared to the control, PR2, and mixed (HA + PR2). The lack of a DMY response using TSP indicates that phosphorus may not have been the limiting factor. However, considering TSP and HA had similar solubilities and released diffusive phosphorus at similar levels, the only variable we failed to control for was the CaCO3 provided by the HA and not the TSP. Further experimentation is needed to confirm this hypothesis. Overall, HA is a promising candidate to supplement traditional phosphorus fertilizers for acidic sandy Eucalyptus silviculture.}, number={3}, journal={FOREST SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Hackman, Jacob and Ozyhar, Tomasz and Chien, S. H. and Hilty, Florentine and Woodley, Alex and Cook, Rachel L.}, year={2022}, month={Jul}, pages={127–134} }
 @article{machanoff_vann_woodley_suchoff_2022, title={Evaluation of the use of polyethylene mulches in the production of organic flue-cured tobacco}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21100}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.21100}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, author={Machanoff, Cordelia A. and Vann, Matthew Christopher and Woodley, Alex L. and Suchoff, David}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @article{bloszies_reberg-horton_heitman_woodley_grossman_hu_2022, title={Legume cover crop type and termination method effects on labile soil carbon and nitrogen and aggregation}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21022}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.21022}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Bloszies, Sean A. and Reberg-Horton, S. Chris and Heitman, Joshua L. and Woodley, Alex L. and Grossman, Julie M. and Hu, Shuijin}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{kulesza_manning_vann_suchoff_woodley_mcginnis_2022, title={Organic nitrogen fertilizer sources for field production of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20989}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.20989}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Kulesza, Stephanie B. and Manning, Nicholas J. and Vann, Matthew C. and Suchoff, David H. and Woodley, Alexander L. and McGinnis, Michelle M.}, year={2022}, month={Feb} }
 @article{gross_vann_woodley_jordan_2022, title={Winter crop effect on soybean production in the Southeast United States}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20950}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.20950}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Gross, MaKayla R. and Vann, Rachel Atwell and Woodley, Alex L. and Jordan, David}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{gross_vann_brown_formella_gibbs_gurganus_heiniger_hurry_jordan_leary_et al._2021, title={Agronomic management of early maturing soybeans in North Carolina}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2374-3832"]}, DOI={10.1002/cft2.20122}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={CROP FORAGE & TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT}, author={Gross, MaKayla Raquel and Vann, Rachel and Brown, Austin and Formella, Adam and Gibbs, Andrea and Gurganus, Rod and Heiniger, Ryan and Hurry, Jarette and Jordan, David and Leary, Matthew and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{drury_woodley_reynolds_yang_phillips_rehmann_calder_2021, title={Impacts of corn stover removal on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions}, volume={85}, ISSN={["1435-0661"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20104}, DOI={10.1002/saj2.20104}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL}, author={Drury, C. F. and Woodley, A. L. and Reynolds, W. D. and Yang, X. M. and Phillips, L. A. and Rehmann, L. and Calder, W.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={1334–1348} }
 @article{agomoh_drury_reynolds_woodley_yang_phillips_rehmann_2021, title={Stover harvest and tillage effects on corn seedling emergence}, volume={113}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20738}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.20738}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Agomoh, Ikechukwu V. and Drury, Craig F. and Reynolds, W. Daniel and Woodley, Alex and Yang, Xueming and Phillips, Lori A. and Rehmann, Lars}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{pellegrino_woodley_huseth_2021, title={Understanding the Relationship Between Wireworm (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Damage, Varietal Resistance, and Cover Crop Use in Organic Sweetpotato}, volume={114}, ISSN={0022-0493 1938-291X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab118}, DOI={10.1093/jee/toab118}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Economic Entomology}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Pellegrino, Alyssa M and Woodley, Alex L and Huseth, Anders S}, editor={Munyaneza, JosephEditor}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={2127–2134} }
 @article{hahn_woodley_vann_2021, title={Winter cover crop management in the production of organic flue-cured tobacco}, volume={113}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20656}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.20656}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Hahn, Samuel. L. and Woodley, Alex. L. and Vann, Matthew. C.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @article{woodley_drury_yang_phillips_reynolds_calder_oloya_2020, title={Ammonia volatilization, nitrous oxide emissions, and corn yields as influenced by nitrogen placement and enhanced efficiency fertilizers}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20079}, DOI={10.1002/saj2.20079}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Soil Science Society of America Journal}, author={Woodley, Alex L. and Drury, Craig F. and Yang, Xueming Y. and Phillips, Lori A. and Reynolds, Daniel W. and Calder, Wayne and Oloya, Tom Okello}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @article{carr_cavigelli_darby_delate_eberly_fryer_gramig_heckman_mallory_reeve_et al._2020, title={Green and animal manure use in organic field crop systems}, volume={112}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85080050121&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.20082}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Agronomy Journal}, author={Carr, P.M. and Cavigelli, M.A. and Darby, H. and Delate, K. and Eberly, J.O. and Fryer, H.K. and Gramig, G.G. and Heckman, J.R. and Mallory, E.B. and Reeve, J.R. and et al.}, year={2020}, pages={648–674} }
 @misc{carr_cavigelli_darby_delate_eberly_gramig_heckman_mallory_reeve_silva_et al._2019, title={Nutrient Cycling in Organic Field Crops in Canada and the United States}, volume={111}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85078252023&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2134/agronj2019.04.0275}, abstractNote={Organic farmers have identified soil fertility and weed management as the two highest research priority areas. No review exists of research on soil nutrient management in organic field crop systems. We conducted a comprehensive review to identify the principles and factors governing nutrient management, knowledge gaps, and future research needs in organic grain and other field crop systems in Canada and the United States. We compared results from research conducted in different climates, soils, and crop rotational sequences. Results indicate that (i) dual‐use cover/green manure crops and/or animal manure are the most common sources of plant available N and other nutrients in organic field crop systems; (ii) soil nutrient deficiencies can develop through sole reliance on cover/green manure crops; (iii) dependence on animal manure can lead to N and P excesses; (iv) conventional soil testing procedures may not accurately predict crop nutrient needs; (v) greater knowledge of microbial processes governing nutrient cycling is needed; and (vi) better understanding of the impact of weeds on soil fertility may create weed and nutrient management synergies. Knowledge gaps include a lack in understanding of how the soil and plant biomes influence nutrient‐use efficiency and how crop diversity and rotations impact soil fertility, sustainability, and resilience in organic field crop systems. Likewise, interactions between weeds, crops, soil fertility, and weed management strategies are poorly understood.}, number={6}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, author={Carr, Patrick M. and Cavigelli, Michel A. and Darby, Heather and Delate, Kathleen and Eberly, Jed O. and Gramig, Greta G. and Heckman, Joseph R. and Mallory, Ellen B. and Reeve, Jennifer R. and Silva, Erin M. and et al.}, year={2019}, pages={2769–2785} }
 @article{woodley_drury_reynolds_calder_yang_oloya_2018, title={Improved acid trap methodology for determining ammonia volatilization in wind tunnel experiments}, volume={98}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85042844678&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1139/cjss-2017-0081}, abstractNote={Abstract: Nitrogen loss through ammonia volatilization is an environmental and economic concern. When acid traps are used with wind tunnels to measure ammonia volatilization, loss of solution volume is observed. As the loss mechanism affects volatilization estimates, a field study was conducted to determine if solution loss from acid traps was due to either selective loss of water through evaporation, loss of bulk solution, or a combination. Two methods for calculating air flow volume through the acid traps were also examined. Solution losses from acid traps averaged 40 mL d-1 (±9.2 mL) from an initial 100 mL, and ammonium concentration increased in close accordance with the dilution–concentration relationship for aqueous solutions. Hence, solution loss was due to evaporation, with virtually no ammonium loss, confirming that the flux calculations using corrected acid trap volumes are required. Failure to correct for the reduced volumes resulted in 9%–224% overestimation of ammonium concentrations. Air flow volumes through acid traps were underestimated by 18.5% when initial and final air flow rates were used compared with continuous cumulative flow measurements. Using cumulative flows and accounting for evaporation loss from acid traps help ensure that treatment differences are not masked by the inherent variability in field-based measurements.}, number={2}, journal={Canadian Journal of Soil Science}, author={Woodley, A.L. and Drury, C.F. and Reynolds, W.D. and Calder, W. and Yang, X.M. and Oloya, T.O.}, year={2018}, pages={193–199} }
 @article{woodley_drury_reynolds_tan_yang_oloya_2018, title={Long-term cropping effects on partitioning of water flow and nitrate loss between surface runoff and tile drainage}, volume={47}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85049473924&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2134/jeq2017.07.0292}, abstractNote={Surface runoff and tile drainage are the main pathways for water movement and entry of agricultural nitrate into water resources. The objective of this 5‐yr study was to characterize the partitioning of water flow and nitrate loss between these pathways for a humid‐temperate Brookston clay loam soil under 54 to 59 yr of consistent cropping and fertilization. Cropping treatments included monoculture corn (Zea mays L., MC), continuous bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) sod (CS), and a corn–oat–alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)–alfalfa rotation (RC–RO–RA1–RA2). Fertilization treatments included annual fertilizer addition (F) and no fertilizer addition (NF). Tile drainage and surface runoff occurred primarily during the nongrowing season (November–April), and they were highly correlated with the mean saturated hydraulic conductivity of the near‐surface soil profile. Tile drainage accounted for 69 to 90% of cumulative water flow and 79 to 96% of cumulative nitrate loss from fertilized rotation and CS, whereas surface runoff accounted for the majority of the nitrate losses in MC (i.e., 75–93% of water flow and 65–96% of nitrate loss). Cumulative nitrate losses were highest in the RC‐F (152 kg N ha−1), RC‐NF (101 kg N ha−1), RA2‐F (121 kg N ha−1), and RA2‐NF (75 kg N ha−1) plots, and these high losses are attributed to N mineralization from the plowed alfalfa and fertilization (if applicable). Fertilization increased cumulative nitrate loss in tile drainage from all treatments, whereas no fertilization increased cumulative nitrate loss in surface runoff from the rotation. Cropping system and fertilization on clay loam soil changed how water flow and nitrate loss were partitioned between tile drainage and surface runoff.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Environmental Quality}, author={Woodley, A.L. and Drury, C.F. and Reynolds, W.D. and Tan, C.S. and Yang, X.M. and Oloya, T.O.}, year={2018}, pages={820–829} }
 @article{woodley_drury_yang_reynolds_calder_oloya_2018, title={Streaming urea ammonium nitrate with or without enhanced efficiency products impacted corn yields, ammonia, and nitrous oxide emissions}, volume={110}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85042845695&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2134/agronj2017.07.0406}, abstractNote={Core Ideas
Streaming urea ammonium nitrate resulted in 11% lower corn yields compared to injected urea ammonium nitrate.Ammonia volatilization (NH3) begins immediately after application for streaming urea ammonium nitrate.In 2015–2016, NH3 loss was 3.6 fold greater for streaming urea ammonium nitrate compared to injected urea ammonium nitrate.Urease and nitrification inhibitors did not increase corn yields with streaming urea ammonium nitrate.Streaming urea ammonium nitrate with a urease inhibitor increased N2O emissions by 18.7%.
}, number={2}, journal={Agronomy Journal}, author={Woodley, A.L. and Drury, C.F. and Yang, X.M. and Reynolds, W.D. and Calder, W. and Oloya, T.O.}, year={2018}, pages={444–454} }
 @article{drury_yang_reynolds_calder_oloya_woodley_2017, title={Combining urease and nitrification inhibitors with incorporation reduces ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions and increases corn yields}, volume={46}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85029676634&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2134/jeq2017.03.0106}, abstractNote={Less than 50% of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer is typically recovered by corn (Zea mays L.) due to climatic constraints, soil degradation, overapplication, and losses to air and water. Two application methods, two N sources, and two inhibitors were evaluated to reduce N losses and enhance crop uptake. The treatments included broadcast urea (BrUrea), BrUrea with a urease inhibitor (BrUrea+UI), BrUrea with a urease and a nitrification inhibitor (BrUrea+UI+NI), injection of urea ammonium nitrate (InjUAN), and injected with one or both inhibitors (InjUAN+UI, InjUAN+UI+NI), and a control. The BrUrea treatment lost 50% (64.4 kg N ha−1) of the applied N due to ammonia volatilization, but losses were reduced by 64% with BrUrea+UI+NI (23.0 kg N ha−1) and by 60% with InjUAN (26.1 kg N ha−1). Ammonia losses were lower and crop yields were greater in 2014 than 2013 as a result of the more favorable weather when N was applied in 2014. When ammonia volatilization was reduced by adding a urease inhibitor, N2O emissions were increased by 30 to 31% with BrUrea+UI and InjUAN+UI compared with BrUrea and InjUAN, respectively. Pollution swapping was avoided when both inhibitors were used (BrUrea+UI+NI, InjUAN+UI+NI) as both ammonia volatilization and N2O emissions were reduced, and corn grain yields increased by 5% with BrUrea+UI+NI and by 7% with InjUAN+UI+NI compared with BrUrea and InjUAN, respectively. The combination of two N management strategies (InjUAN+UI+NI) increased yields by 19% (12.9 t ha−1) compared with BrUrea (10.8 t ha−1).}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Environmental Quality}, author={Drury, C.F. and Yang, X. and Reynolds, W.D. and Calder, W. and Oloya, T.O. and Woodley, A.L.}, year={2017}, pages={939–949} }
 @inbook{woodley_audette_fraser_arcand_voroney_knight_lynch_2014, title={Nitrogen and phosphorus fertility management in organic field crop production}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84937570091&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1201/b16044}, booktitle={Managing Energy, Nutrients, and Pests in Organic Field Crops}, author={Woodley, A. and Audette, Y. and Fraser, T. and Arcand, M.M. and Voroney, P. and Knight, J.D. and Lynch, D.H.}, year={2014}, pages={59–106} }