@article{beseli_hall_manandhar_sinclair_2019, title={Root osmotic potential and length for two maize lines differing in leaf osmotic potential}, volume={33}, ISSN={["1542-7536"]}, DOI={10.1080/15427528.2019.1607642}, abstractNote={Two maize (Zea mays L.) lines had previously been developed, one for expression in leaves of high osmotic adjustment (HOA) and the other for low osmotic adjustment (LOA). In field, these lines differed in soil water extraction depth and in plant wilting. It was hypothesized that HOA in leaves was also expressed in the root tips, and consequently it results in greater root extension and extraction of deeper soil water. Experiments reported here were undertaken in 1-m tall pots in a growth chamber and in the field to test these hypotheses. Periodic harvests of the soil columns during dry-down experiments showed no leaf OA in the two maize lines although the HOA line consistently had a lower leaf osmotic potential than the LOA line by 0.23 MPa. On the other hand, under the slow development of water deficit there was equivalent root tip OA in both lines. Consistent with this equivalency in root tip OA, no consistent difference in root length was observed in any of the experiments. Hence, the basis for the difference in wilting and water use between the two maize lines was not explained by differences in root OA and root extension.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF CROP IMPROVEMENT}, author={Beseli, Amber and Hall, Antonio J. and Manandhar, Anju and Sinclair, Thomas R.}, year={2019}, month={Jul}, pages={429–444} }
 @article{manandhar_sinclair_rufty_ghanem_2017, title={Leaf Expansion and Transpiration Response to Soil Drying and Recovery among Cowpea Genotypes}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2016.09.0794}, abstractNote={Sensitivity of leaf expansion to water‐deficit conditions could have a major influence on C assimilation rate and water loss rate under developing drought conditions. While cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L.) is commonly grown in more arid regions, there is no information on the sensitivity of its leaf expansion with drying soil. Three experiments were undertaken in controlled environments to document leaf expansion during increasing soil drying (11–13 d). Eight cultivars of cowpea were studied. It was found that the initiation of the decrease in leaf expansion occurred earlier in the soil drying cycle than the decrease in transpiration rate in all genotypes. Also, the soil water content at which leaf expansion completely stopped was slightly greater than the termination of transpiration. Therefore, both measures of leaf expansion sensitivity to soil water showed greater sensitivity to soil drying than plant gas exchange as measured by transpiration rate. Genotypic differences were observed among the genotypes in their sensitivity to soil drying. In one experiment, the severely stressed plants were rewatered and recovery in leaf expansion rate occurred very rapidly. Leaf expansion rates of all genotypes following rewatering returned to the rates of the well‐watered plants within ∼1 d.}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Manandhar, Anju and Sinclair, Thomas R. and Rufty, Thomas W. and Ghanem, Michel E.}, year={2017}, pages={2109–2116} }
 @article{manandhar_sinclair_rufty_ghanem_2017, title={Leaf emergence (phyllochron index) and leaf expansion response to soil drying in cowpea genotypes}, volume={160}, ISSN={["1399-3054"]}, DOI={10.1111/ppl.12544}, abstractNote={Drought can result in severely decreased leaf area development, which impacts plant growth and yield. However, rarely is leaf emergence or leaf expansion separated to resolve the relative sensitivity to water-deficit of these two processes. Experiments were undertaken to impose drought over approximately 2 weeks for eight cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes grown in pots under controlled environmental conditions. Daily measures of phyllochron index (PI, leaf emergence) and leaf area increase (leaf expansion) were obtained. Each of these measures was referenced against volumetric soil water content, i.e. fraction transpirable soil water. Although there was no clear difference between leaf emergence and leaf expansion in sensitivity to drying soil, both processes were more sensitive to soil drying than plant transpiration rate. Genotypic differences in the soil water content at the initiation of the decline in PI were identified. However, no consistent difference in sensitivity to water-deficit in leaf expansion was found. The difference in leaf emergence among genotypes in sensitivity to soil drying can now be exploited to provide guidance for plant improvement and crop yield increase.}, number={2}, journal={PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM}, author={Manandhar, Anju and Sinclair, Thomas R. and Rufty, Thomas W. and Ghanem, Michel E.}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={201–208} }
 @article{sinclair_manandhar_shekoofa_rosas-anderson_bagherzadi_schoppach_sadok_rufty_2017, title={Pot binding as a variable confounding plant phenotype: theoretical derivation and experimental observations}, volume={245}, ISSN={["1432-2048"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00425-016-2641-0}, number={4}, journal={PLANTA}, author={Sinclair, Thomas R. and Manandhar, Anju and Shekoofa, Avat and Rosas-Anderson, Pablo and Bagherzadi, Laleh and Schoppach, Remy and Sadok, Walid and Rufty, Thomas W.}, year={2017}, month={Apr}, pages={729–735} }
 @article{sinclair_manandhar_belko_riar_vadez_roberts_2015, title={Variation among Cowpea Genotypes in Sensitivity of Transpiration Rate and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation to Soil Drying}, volume={55}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2014.12.0816}, abstractNote={Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is often considered a crop species appropriate for drier environments. However, little or no information exists on two key physiological traits for drought conditions: early decrease in transpiration rate in the soil drying cycle and sustained N fixation activity under low soil-water conditions. In this study, the responses of these two traits to soil drying were compared among 10 genotypes. The fraction of transpirable soil water at which transpiration rate began to decline varied from 0.59 to 0.24. The genotypes with the higher thresholds for the transpiration decrease offer a conservative water use strategy during soil drying and, hence, may be especially appropriate for very dry areas. The fraction of transpirable soil water at which N fixation rate began to decline ranged from 0.33 in one line to another line in which there was no decline in N fixation rate. Five lines had especially low thresholds for the decline in N fixation rate, which would be highly desirable in arid areas. In fact, N fixation tolerance to drought in these five lines is superior to any responses observed in other grain legumes. There was no correlation between the thresholds for decline in transpiration and N fixation.}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Sinclair, Thomas R. and Manandhar, Anju and Belko, Nouhoun and Riar, Mandeep and Vadez, Vincent and Roberts, Philip A.}, year={2015}, pages={2270–2275} }