@article{szabo_shriver_longo_2022, title={Environmental threats and activism against extractive industries: The case of gold mining in Rosia Montana, Romania}, volume={92}, ISSN={["1873-1392"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.03.017}, DOI={10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.03.017}, abstractNote={Extractive industries often promise prosperity to less economically developed regions of the world. However, projects that rely on extractive industries such as mining often pose significant environmental threats to the host regions. The tension between economic promises and environmental impacts can spark significant conflict in rural communities. This study analyzes a proposed mining project in Roșia Montană, Romania, which pitted pro-mining proponents against local residents and activists. The data from this project come from in-depth interviews, company and NGO documents and extensive newspaper coverage of the proposed mine. The research examines how political threats can exacerbate environmental threats in cases of rural protest movements, as well as how the confluence of opportunities and threats shaped resistance to the proposed mine. Findings indicate that environmental threats can serve as a powerful mobilizing force in opposing risky development projects, even in economically depressed regions.}, journal={JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES}, author={Szabo, Adriana and Shriver, Thomas E. and Longo, Stefano}, year={2022}, month={May}, pages={26–34} }
 @article{shriver_bray_wilcox_szabo_2021, title={Human Rights and Dissent in Hybrid Environments: The Impact of Shifting Rights Regimes}, volume={63}, ISSN={0038-0253 1533-8525}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2021.1909444}, DOI={10.1080/00380253.2021.1909444}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Research indicates that social movements are shaped by increased opportunities and threats, yet this work rarely examines environments of intersecting opportunity and threat. This article extends the literature on political opportunity theory by explaining how shifting rights regimes influence the political context of movements. Specifically, we analyze how dissent in Communist Czechoslovakia responded to the expansion and contraction of rights across three political periods between 1948 and 1977. Our research delineates three key features of rights regimes and shows how variation across multiple scales creates “hybrid environments” of political opportunity and threat for social movements.}, number={3}, journal={The Sociological Quarterly}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Shriver, Thomas E. and Bray, Laura A. and Wilcox, Annika and Szabo, Adriana}, year={2021}, month={Apr}, pages={541–561} }
 @article{ferreira_morais_szabo_bowen_jakes_2020, title={A gap analysis of farm tourism microentrepreneurial mentoring needs in North Carolina, USA}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2152-0801"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2020.101.025}, DOI={10.5304/jafscd.2020.101.025}, abstractNote={Tourism is frequently proposed as a strategy to revitalize rural economies. The current mushroom¬ing of web platforms for the tourism sharing eco¬nomy affords rural microentrepreneurs opportu¬nities to capitalize on the growing demand for authentic experiences. However, these platforms may actually be widening the socio-economic gap between individuals across the digital and urban/ rural divides. In addition, the well-established urban culture of entrepreneurial mentorship is not taking hold in the rural areas, which direly need to attract and support nascent entrepreneurs. Farms are increasingly adopting tourism to diversify their business models, and Extension agents are trusted mentors par excellence of agribusiness entrepreneurs; therefore, this study explores the extent to which Extension agents feel able to address the mentoring needs of farm tourism microentrepre-neurs. We measured both tourism e-microentrepre¬neurial self-efficacy (TeMSE) among farmers and tourism e-microentrepreneurial mentoring self-efficacy (TeMMSE) of Extension agents. Results show that farmers have relatively low self-efficacy in the dimensions of e-marketing and marshalling resources, and that agents may be efficacious men¬tors in these dimensions. Farmers also show low self-efficacy in adapting to externalities; however, agents do not perceive themselves as efficacious mentors in this dimension. We conclude with a discussion of practical implications for train-the-trainer strategies to enable farm tourism micro¬entrepreneurship success.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE FOOD SYSTEMS AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT}, publisher={Lyson Center for Civic Agriculture and Food Systems}, author={Ferreira, Bruno and Morais, Duarte B. and Szabo, Adriana and Bowen, Becky and Jakes, Susan}, year={2020}, pages={83–99} }
 @article{shriver_szabo_bray_2020, title={Opportunity and threat behind the Iron Curtain: The failed diffusion of human rights activism in Romania}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1461-7242"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580920928925}, DOI={10.1177/0268580920928925}, abstractNote={ Research has highlighted the importance of diffusion processes for the emergence and spread of collective action, yet less attention has been paid to cases where diffusion fails to lead to successful campaigns. This article analyzes an instance of failed movement diffusion to explicate how proximate episodes of contention interact with domestic configurations of opportunity and threat. The authors draw on a failed human rights campaign in communist Romania. In the mid-1970s, several Eastern bloc nations signed international human rights covenants to improve international relations, unintentionally sparking dissident movements across the region. Activists in Romania sought to emulate Czechoslovakia’s dissident movement, Charter 77. But despite the success of its model, the Romanian campaign failed to materialize. This article analyzes the movement and finds that the failed diffusion resulted from a combination of limited structural opportunities at the domestic level, weak perceptions of collective efficacy, and the state’s use of flexible repression strategies. }, number={6}, journal={INTERNATIONAL SOCIOLOGY}, author={Shriver, Thomas E. and Szabo, Adriana M. and Bray, Laura A.}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={739–757} }