@article{gruber_bailey_kowalcyk_2015, title={Evaluation of US Poison Center Data for Surveillance of Foodborne Disease}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1556-7125"]}, DOI={10.1089/fpd.2014.1907}, abstractNote={INTRODUCTION
Enhancing foodborne disease (FBD) surveillance and improving the timeliness of outbreak detection have been identified as public health priorities. Consumer complaint data have become increasingly useful for FBD surveillance and the detection of outbreaks. Calls to poison centers are a potential source of consumer complaint data. A retrospective analysis of data from the National Poison Data System (NPDS) (2000-2011) was undertaken to evaluate the value of data collected through the United States poison centers for detection of large national outbreaks and recalls.


METHODS
Demographic and clinical data were summarized. Prevalences of FBD calls were calculated and analyzed for time trends. Significant increases in daily call prevalences were identified, and dates of the increases were compared to the announcement of 18 national outbreaks/recalls.


RESULTS
Over the 12-year period, there were 433,788 unique calls self-reporting a suspected FBD exposure in humans. Overall, daily call prevalences decreased over time. Only about half of callers reported common gastrointestinal clinical effects. Of the 42 identified significant increases in call prevalences, none occurred within 14 days before an outbreak announcement; 7 occurred within 14 days after an outbreak announcement.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on this analysis, there are significant limitations to using self-reported FBD exposures to NPDS as a source of information for FBD surveillance of large national outbreaks and recalls; however, a syndromic approach may yield different results and should be explored. Improved data collection and coordination with public health agencies may improve the ability to use NPDS data to monitor FBD in near real-time, identify potential outbreaks, and improve situational awareness.}, number={6}, journal={FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE}, author={Gruber, Joann F. and Bailey, Jennifer E. and Kowalcyk, Barbara B.}, year={2015}, month={Jun}, pages={467–478} }
 @article{kowalcyk_smeets_succop_wit_havelaar_2014, title={Relative risk of irritable bowel syndrome following acute gastroenteritis and associated risk factors}, volume={142}, ISSN={["1469-4409"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0950268813001891}, abstractNote={SUMMARY}, number={6}, journal={EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION}, author={Kowalcyk, B. K. and Smeets, H. M. and Succop, P. A. and Wit, N. J. and Havelaar, A. H.}, year={2014}, month={Jun}, pages={1259–1268} }
 @article{batz_henke_kowalcyk_2013, title={Long-Term Consequences of Food borne Infections}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1557-9824"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.idc.2013.05.003}, abstractNote={Foodborne infections with Campylobacter, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, Shigella, Toxoplasma gondii, and other pathogens can result in long-term sequelae to numerous organ systems. These include irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, reactive arthritis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, neurological disorders from acquired and congenital listeriosis and toxoplasmosis, and cognitive and developmental deficits due to diarrheal malnutrition or severe acute illness. A full understanding of the long-term sequelae of foodborne infection is important both for individual patient management by clinicians, as well as to inform food safety and public health decision making.}, number={3}, journal={INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA}, author={Batz, Michael B. and Henke, Evan and Kowalcyk, Barbara}, year={2013}, month={Sep}, pages={599-+} }