@article{jahnke_dole_bergmann_ma_perkins-veazie_2020, title={Extending Cut Paeonia Lactiflora Pall. Storage Duration Using Sub-Zero Storage Temperatures}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2073-4395"]}, DOI={10.3390/agronomy10111694}, abstractNote={Cut peonies (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) have a relatively short vase life and limited availability due to seasonal production. Cultivars Festiva Maxima (FM), Monsieur Jules Elie (MJE), and Sarah Bernhardt (SB) stored at 0.7 °C had a longer flower open time at 12 weeks of storage compared to those held at −3.1 or 3.5 °C, while the flower bud time was unaffected. The flower open time of FM and MJE was no different for stems stored at a sub-zero temperature of −0.6 °C for 16 weeks compared to non-stored stems. Flower quality, opening, and lack of deformity was reduced at 16 weeks of storage in comparison to non-stored flowers, but higher for stems stored at −0.6 °C compared to 0.7 °C. Pre-treating stems before storage with pulses of a commercial hydrator solution or a 200 g·L−1 sucrose solution for 2 h at 4 °C had little commercial significance compared to non-pulsed control stems. The total phenolic content, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase were not effective indicators of open time or quality loss. This study is the first to demonstrate the successful use of a non-freezing, sub-zero storage temperature for peony, and the first to store cut peonies for 16 weeks, despite an increased risk of reduced flower quality.}, number={11}, journal={AGRONOMY-BASEL}, author={Jahnke, Nathan J. and Dole, John M. and Bergmann, Ben A. and Ma, Guoying and Perkins-Veazie, Penelope}, year={2020}, month={Nov} }
 @article{jahnke_dole_livingston_bergmann_2020, title={Impacts of carbohydrate pulses and short-term sub-zero temperatures on vase life and quality of cut Paeonia lactiflora Pall. hybrids}, volume={161}, ISSN={["1873-2356"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.postharvbio.2019.111083}, abstractNote={Abstract Flower quality of cut Paeonia lactiflora (peony) Pall. hybrids is best preserved between 0 and 1 °C. However, cut flower traits such as vase life and flower size often decline following 4 or more weeks of storage. While the use of sub-zero temperatures is avoided in the cut flower industry due to fears of freeze injury, sub-zero temperatures may allow extended storage of cut flowers. Peonies are a candidate for sub-zero storage due to their natural cold tolerance, exposure to spring freezes before harvest, and limited seasonal availability. Three cultivars: Karl Rosenfield, Monsieur Jules Elie, and Sarah Bernhardt were used to evaluate freeze tolerance of cut peonies by holding cut stems at three temperatures: 0, −2, −4 °C for 5 h. Pre-cold treatment pulses consisting of 24 h in either 100 g·L−1 sucrose, 100 g·L−1 fructose, or tap water did not improve total vase life, summation of the time spent as a bud and time open. Total vase life was 10.5, 7.1, and 9.3 d for ‘Karl Rosenfield’, ‘Monsieur Jules Elie’, and ‘Sarah Bernhardt’, respectively. Sucrose-pulsed stems of ‘Karl Rosenfield’ and ‘Sarah Bernhardt’ had the lowest total vase life. Pulses and cold-treatments decreased bud time for ‘Karl Rosenfield’ and ‘Monsieur Jules Elie’ by 2–3 d and 0.5–1 d, respectively. Petals were the only tissue to develop water-soaked spotting (freeze injury) following 5 h at -4 °C. Stems kept dry (not pulsed) prior to cold treatment were uninjured. Fructose-pulsed stems of ‘Karl Rosenfield’ and ‘Monsieur Jules Elie’ had the highest injury ratings when held at -4 °C. Carbohydrate-pulsing did not influence injury ratings on ‘Sarah Bernhardt’. Supercooling and multiple freeze events were observed with infrared video in all tissues when held at -4 °C. Typically, ice nucleation started at the base of the cut stems and propagated throughout the stem, leaves, and bud within 3–5 min of initiation. Stems that were not pulsed remained in a supercooled state longer than those that were pulsed. These findings indicate that storage temperatures between 0 and -2 °C may be a good option for longer periods of dry storage for peonies and other cold tolerant cut flower species.}, journal={POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Jahnke, Nathan J. and Dole, John M. and Livingston, David P., III and Bergmann, Ben A.}, year={2020}, month={Mar} }
 @article{dole_jahnke_mccall_loyola_bergmann_2020, title={Vase life of 58 new cut flowers}, volume={1288}, ISSN={["2406-6168"]}, DOI={10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1288.31}, journal={IX INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEW ORNAMENTAL CROPS}, author={Dole, J. M. and Jahnke, N. and McCall, I. F. and Loyola, C. and Bergmann, B.}, year={2020}, pages={207–213} }
 @article{bergmann_ahmad_dole_2019, title={Benzyladenine and gibberellic acid pulses improve flower quality and extend vase life of cut dahlias}, volume={99}, ISSN={["1918-1833"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjps-2018-0126}, abstractNote={ A 24-h pulse of cut dahlias in a solution containing both benzyladenine and gibberellic acid at 10–20 mg L−1 improved flower quality after 4 d in the vase and prolonged vase life regardless of handling method (dry packed or held in water from harvest through delivery). }, number={1}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE}, author={Bergmann, Ben A. and Ahmad, Iftikhar and Dole, John M.}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={97–101} }
 @article{bergmann_ghezehei_2019, title={Influence of species, clone, propagation method, and animal waste application during establishment on growth and productivity of 21-year-old Paulownia trees}, volume={7}, number={1}, journal={Env Ecol Res}, author={Bergmann, B.A. and Ghezehei, S.B.}, year={2019}, pages={12–18} }
 @article{bergmann_dole_2018, title={Influence of essential oils on post-infection botrytis damage in cut roses}, volume={36}, number={2}, journal={J Environ Hort}, author={Bergmann, B.A. and Dole, J.M.}, year={2018}, pages={45–57} }
 @article{bergmann_dole_mccall_2018, title={Postharvest Performance of Poinsettia Plants Exposed to Low Light Levels, Low Temperatures, and Low Substrate Moisture}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1943-7714"]}, DOI={10.21273/HORTTECH04106-18}, abstractNote={Responses of 14 to 20 poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) cultivars were assessed following exposure to environmental stressors common in the crop’s postproduction supply chain and consumer environment: low light levels, low temperatures, and low substrate moisture. As indicated by number of days to unacceptable appearance, 14 cultivars tolerated three low light levels (10, 20, and 40 µmol·m–2·s–1) well, with all individuals of six of the cultivars exhibiting an acceptable appearance at 7 weeks when the experiment ended. An experiment with 20 cultivars showed them to be surprisingly tolerant of low temperatures for a short duration, with no differences found when averaging across cultivars among plants exposed to 2, 5, or 20 °C for 2 days. However, all cultivars exposed to 5 °C for 10 days performed poorly. Cultivars differed markedly in response to low substrate moisture, with frequency of unacceptable plants before 4 weeks across all treatments ranging from 0% to 87% among the 14 cultivars tested. Across 17 cultivars, acceptable plant appearance was extended from 23 days for plants that were never irrigated after 10 d in sleeves to 32 days for plants that received a single irrigation at unsleeving and not thereafter. The low temperatures and low substrate moisture experiments were conducted in 2 years, and years differed significantly for nearly all dependent variables assessed. The significant interaction between year and cultivar for all observed variables in those two experiments indicates the importance of conducting experiments such as these over 2 years or more. Potted plants of many of the poinsettia cultivars tested proved to be highly tolerant in terms of low light levels, low temperatures, and low substrate moisture. Three cultivars appeared to be most tolerant in two of the three experiments: Prestige Red (low light levels and low temperatures), Titan Red (low temperatures and low substrate moisture), and Whitestar (low light levels and low substrate moisture). Three cultivars were most tolerant to all three sources of postproduction plant stress: Christmas Day Red, Early Mars Red, and Titan White.}, number={5}, journal={HORTTECHNOLOGY}, author={Bergmann, Ben A. and Dole, John M. and McCall, Ingram}, year={2018}, month={Oct}, pages={584–595} }
 @article{bergmann_dole_2018, title={Which cuts can cut it?}, volume={82}, number={2}, journal={GrowerTalks}, author={Bergmann, B.A. and Dole, J.M.}, year={2018}, pages={60–65} }
 @article{bergmann_dole_fisher_njue_mccall_2017, title={Gibberellic acid promotes flower stem elongation in 'Renaissance Red' poinsettia}, volume={97}, number={1}, journal={Canadian Journal of Plant Science}, author={Bergmann, B. A. and Dole, J. M. and Fisher, P. and Njue, G. and McCall, I.}, year={2017}, pages={14–16} }
 @article{leatherwood_dole_bergmann_faust_2016, title={1-Methylcyclopropene Improves Ethylene Tolerance of Unrooted Herbaceous Cuttings but Delays Adventitious Root Development in Angelonia, Calibrachoa, Impatiens, Portulaca, Sutera, and Verbena Cultivars}, volume={51}, ISSN={["2327-9834"]}, DOI={10.21273/HORTSCI.51.2.164}, abstractNote={Knowing which herbaceous taxa are ethylene sensitive and managing exposure of unrooted terminal stem cuttings to ethylene in those taxa are critical for maintaining high-quality propagules that root readily. Of 59 taxa surveyed, freshly harvested terminal cuttings of Begonia hybrid ‘Snowcap’, Lantana camara L. ‘Patriot Sunbeam’, and Portulaca oleracea L. ‘Fairytales Sleeping Beauty’ were sensitive to exogenous application of 1 μL·L−1 ethylene, as demonstrated by leaf abscission within 24 hours of treatment. Exposure to 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at 700 μL·L−1 for 4 hours before ethylene treatment prevented ethylene injury in these species/cultivars. Exposing unrooted cuttings to 700 μL·L−1 1-MCP induced significant endogenous ethylene biosynthesis in terminal cuttings of the five taxa tested: Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch ‘Visions of Grandeur’, Impatiens hawkeri W. Bull ‘Sonic Red’, Pelargonium peltatum (L.) L’Hérit. ‘Mandarin’, Pelargonium ×hortorum Bailey (pro sp.) [inquinans × zonale] ‘Rocky Mountain White’, and Petunia ×hybrida Vilm. ‘Suncatcher Coral Prism’. Exogenous 1 μL·L−1 ethylene improved adventitious rooting in two cultivars: Begonia hybrid Anita Louise and Fuchsia triphylla L. Honeysuckle. Other trials showed that 1-MCP exposure reduced root number and length of P. ×hortorum ‘Kardino’ and delayed adventitious rooting in all six cultivars tested: Angelonia angustifolia Benth. ‘Carita Lavender’, Calibrachoa ×hybrida Llave & Lex. ‘Terra Cotta’, I. hawkeri ‘Sonic Red’, P. oleracea ‘Fairytales Sleeping Beauty’, Sutera cordata Kuntze ‘Abunda Blue Improved’, and Verbena ×hybrida Groenl. & Ruempl. ‘Aztec Wild Rose’. Subsequent exposure to 1 μL·L−1 ethylene partially mitigated the negative effects on rooting from exposing cuttings to 1-MCP.}, number={2}, journal={HORTSCIENCE}, author={Leatherwood, W. Roland and Dole, John M. and Bergmann, Ben A. and Faust, James E.}, year={2016}, month={Feb}, pages={164–170} }
 @article{bergmann_dole_mccall_2016, title={Gibberellic acid shows promise for promoting flower stem length in four field-grown cut flowers}, volume={26}, number={3}, journal={HortTechnology}, author={Bergmann, B. A. and Dole, J. M. and McCall, I.}, year={2016}, pages={287–292} }
 @article{crawford_dole_bergmann_2016, title={Influences of Season and Cutting Week within a Propagation Cycle on Rooting of 'Stained Glass' Coleus Shoot Tip Cuttings Are Not Overcome by Rooting Compound Treatment}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1943-7714"]}, DOI={10.21273/horttech03464-16}, abstractNote={Influence of season of the year, cutting week within a propagation cycle (number of weeks from which a stock plant has been harvested), stock plant age, and rooting compound on postpropagation cutting quality, and adventitious rooting was examined for ‘Stained Glass’ coleus (Solenostemon scutellarioides). Cuttings were of higher quality and produced more robust root systems when a propagation cycle started in summer vs. fall or spring even when cuttings were harvested from stock plants of the same age. Cutting week within a propagation cycle significantly influenced postpropagation cutting quality and rooting when cuttings were harvested over many weeks from the same stock plants and when cuttings were harvested for three propagation events using stock plants of different ages. When cuttings were harvested on the same days from stock plants of three distinct ages, cuttings harvested in the first week were larger with greater root weights but had more yellowed leaves and lower quality ratings compared with the two subsequent cutting weeks, but stock plant age had no effect on any observed parameter. Treatment with rooting compound did not overcome the significant influences of season and cutting week within a propagation cycle whether rooting was carried out in a greenhouse or growth chamber. Shoot and root fresh and dry weights were positively correlated with both daylength and midday instantaneous light of the stock plant environment.}, number={5}, journal={HORTTECHNOLOGY}, author={Crawford, Brigitte D. and Dole, John M. and Bergmann, Ben A.}, year={2016}, month={Oct}, pages={620–627} }
 @article{bergmann_2003, title={Five years of Paulownia field trials in North Carolina}, volume={25}, ISSN={["0169-4286"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1022983602103}, number={3}, journal={NEW FORESTS}, author={Bergmann, BA}, year={2003}, month={May}, pages={185–199} }
 @inproceedings{sun_adney_bergmann_cheng_decker_freer_himmel_nishimura_skory_stomp_et al._2002, title={Expression of endoglucanase E1 in transgenic duckweed Lemna minor}, ISBN={1588293874}, booktitle={Biotechnology for fuels and chemicals : proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, held April 28-May 1, 2002, in Gatlinburg, TN}, author={Sun, Y. and Adney, W. S. and Bergmann, B. A. and Cheng, J. and Decker, S. R. and Freer, S. and Himmel, M. E. and Nishimura, Y. and Skory, C. D. and Stomp, A.-M and et al.}, year={2002} }
 @article{cheng_bergmann_classen_stomp_howard_2002, title={Nutrient recovery from swine lagoon water by Spirodela punctata}, volume={81}, ISSN={["0960-8524"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00098-0}, abstractNote={Spirodela punctata 7776, the best duckweed strain in total protein production selected from in vitro screening experiments with synthetic swine lagoon water medium was examined for N and P recovery. It has shown a capability to grow in and to remove N and P from synthetic swine lagoon water with high N (240 mg NH4 N/l) and P (31.0 mg PO4 P/l) levels. A lag period of approximately 96 h was observed before the duckweed started to grow. During the lag period, utilization of N and P by the duckweed was very slow. The rates of N and P uptake, and duckweed growth increased with the increase of the initial N and P concentrations in the medium. The highest rates of N and P uptakes, and duckweed growth observed in this study were 0.955. 0.129 mg/l-h, and 1.33 g/m2-h (or 31.92 g/m2-day), respectively. The N:P ratio in swine lagoon water is adequate for growing the duckweed.}, number={1}, journal={BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY}, author={Cheng, JY and Bergmann, BA and Classen, JJ and Stomp, AM and Howard, JW}, year={2002}, month={Jan}, pages={81–85} }
 @article{cheng_landesman_bergmann_classen_howard_yamamoto_2002, title={Nutrient removal from swine lagoon liquid by Lemna minor 8627}, volume={45}, DOI={10.13031/2013.9953}, abstractNote={Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from swine lagoon liquid by growing Lemna minor 8627, a promising duckweed 
identified in previous studies, was investigated under in vitro and field conditions. The rates of nitrogen and phosphorus 
uptake by the duckweed growing in the in vitro system were as high as 3.36 g m–2 day–1 and 0.20 g m–2 day–1, respectively. 
The highest nitrogen and phosphorus removal rates in the field duckweed system were 2.11 g m–2 day–1 and 0.59 g m–2 day–1, 
respectively. The highest observed duckweed growth rate was close to 29 g m–2 day–1 in both conditions. 
Wastewater concentrations and seasonal climate conditions had direct impacts on the duckweed growth and nutrient 
removal in outdoor tanks. The rate of duckweed production in diluted swine lagoon liquid increased as the dilution rate 
increased. Duckweed assimilation was the dominant mechanism for nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the swine lagoon 
liquid when the nutrient concentration in the wastewater was low, but became less important as nutrient concentration 
increased. Reasonably high light intensity and a longer period of warm temperature could result in a higher growth rate for 
the duckweed. Pre–acclimation of the duckweed with swine lagoon liquid could accelerate the start–up of a duckweed system 
to remove nutrients from the wastewater by preventing the lag phase of duckweed growth.}, number={4}, journal={Transactions of the ASAE}, author={Cheng, J. and Landesman, L. and Bergmann, Ben and Classen, J. J. and Howard, J. W. and Yamamoto, Y. T.}, year={2002}, pages={1003–1010} }
 @article{mueller_luginbuhl_bergmann_2001, title={Establishment and early growth characteristics of six Paulownia genotypes for goat browse in Raleigh, NC, USA}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1572-9680"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1010641602384}, number={1}, journal={AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS}, author={Mueller, JP and Luginbuhl, JM and Bergmann, BA}, year={2001}, pages={63–72} }
 @article{yamamoto_rajbhandari_lin_bergmann_nishimura_stomp_2001, title={Genetic transformation of duckweed Lemna gibba and Lemna minor}, volume={37}, DOI={10.1007/s11627-001-0062-6}, number={3}, journal={In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Plant}, author={Yamamoto, Y. T. and Rajbhandari, N. and Lin, X. H. and Bergmann, Ben and Nishimura, Y. and Stomp, A. M.}, year={2001}, pages={349–353} }
 @inproceedings{luginbuhl_mueller_bergmann_2001, place={São Pedro, São Paulo, Brazil}, title={Mineral concentration of herbage from three Paulownia​ species used for goat browse}, booktitle={Grassland Ecosystems: an Outlook into the 21st Century}, publisher={XIX International Grassland Congress}, author={Luginbuhl, J.­M. and Mueller, J.P. and Bergmann, B.A.}, editor={Gomide, J.A. and Mattos, W.R.S. and Silva, S.C.Editors}, year={2001}, pages={654–655} }
 @article{bergmann_cheng_classen_stomp_2000, title={In vitro selection of duckweed geographical isolates for potential use in swine lagoon effluent renovation}, volume={73}, ISSN={["1873-2976"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00137-6}, abstractNote={Plant-based systems for nutrient sequestration into valuable biomass have the potential to help avoid the environmental problems associated with the disposal of large volumes of animal waste. The objective of this study was to select superior duckweed (Lemnaceae) genotypes for the utilization of nutrients in animal wastes. A two-step protocol was used to select promising duckweed geographic isolates to be grown on swine lagoon effluent. Forty-one geographic isolates from the worldwide germplasm collection were used in an in vitro screening test, because they were noted to be fast-growing genotypes during routine collection maintenance. In vitro screening was accomplished by growing geographic isolates on a synthetic medium that approximated swine lagoon effluent in terms of nutrient profile, total ionic strength, pH, and buffering capacity. Large differences among geographic isolates were observed for wet weight gain during the 11-day growing period, percent dry weight, and percent protein in dry biomass. Total protein production per culture jar differed 28-fold between the most disparate of the 41 geographic isolates and was the variable used for selection of superior geographic isolates. The challenge of eight of the 41 geographic isolates with full-strength swine lagoon effluent in the greenhouse led to the selection of three that are promising as genotypes to be grown on lagoon effluent.}, number={1}, journal={BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY}, author={Bergmann, BA and Cheng, J and Classen, J and Stomp, AM}, year={2000}, month={May}, pages={13–20} }
 @inproceedings{classen_cheng_bergmann_stomp_2000, title={Lemna gibba growth and nutrient uptake in response to different nutrient levels}, ISBN={1892769115}, booktitle={Animal, agricultural, and food processing wastes : proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium, October 9-11, 2000, Des Moines, Iowa}, author={Classen, J. J. and Cheng, J. and Bergmann, B. A. and Stomp, A. M.}, year={2000} }
 @article{cheng_stomp_classen_barker_bergmann_2000, title={Nutrient removal from swine lagoon effluent by duckweed}, volume={43}, DOI={10.13031/2013.2701}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT. Three duckweed geographic isolates were grown on varying concentrations of swine lagoon effluent in a 
greenhouse to determine their ability to remove nutrients from the effluent. Duckweed biomass was harvested every other 
day over a 12-day period. Duckweed biomass production, nutrient loss from the swine lagoon effluent, and nutrient 
content of duckweed biomass were used to identify effluent concentrations/geographic isolate combinations that are 
effective in terms of nutrient utilization from swine lagoon effluent and production of healthy duckweed biomass. When 
Lemna minor geographic isolate 8627 was grown on 50% swine lagoon effluent, respective losses of TKN, NH 3 -N, TP, 
OPO 4 -P, TOC, K, Cu, and Zn were 83, 100, 49, 31, 68, 21, 28, and 67%.}, number={2}, journal={Transactions of the ASAE}, author={Cheng, J. and Stomp, A-M and Classen, J. J. and Barker, J. C. and Bergmann, Ben}, year={2000}, pages={263–269} }
 @inproceedings{cheng_bergmann_classen_stomp_howard_2000, title={Nutrient removal from swine wastewater by duckweed - Spirodela punctata}, volume={1}, ISBN={1900222681}, booktitle={Industrial wastewater and envrironmental contaminants : proceedings of the 1st World Water Congress of the International Water Association, held in Paris, France, 3-7 July 2000}, author={Cheng, J. and Bergmann, B. A. and Classen, J. J. and Stomp, A. M. and Howard, J. W.}, year={2000} }
 @article{house_bergmann_stomp_frederick_1999, title={Combining constructed wetlands and aquatic and soil filters for reclamation and reuse of water}, volume={12}, ISSN={["0925-8574"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0925-8574(98)00052-4}, abstractNote={Reclamation and reuse of water and nutrients at their source provide the opportunity to use simple, less costly technologies and lessens potentials for catastrophic effects due to centralized treatment system failures. The combination of multiple treatment environments within constructed wetlands can provide water quality suitable for reuse. A current project in rural Chatham County, NC, uses simple, aesthetically pleasing treatment components constructed both outdoors and indoors to reclaim domestic sewage for toilet flushing, landscape irrigation and aesthetic water features. A courtyard containing constructed wetlands and a solarium with modular soil filter components and aquatic chambers are designed to treat sewage from within a small business facility and to provide recreational space for its 60 employees. The combination of vertical flow and horizontal flow constructed wetlands with fill and draw controls provides the necessary environments for nitrification–denitrification, removal of organic materials and phosphorus adsorption reactions. The system is designed to treat and reuse 4500 l day−1 (1200 gal day−1) of domestic sewage from the business. Some of the plants used are selectively bred or genetically engineered to maximize their water reclamation potential. Utilization of simple treatment and reuse technology has permitted the business owner to renovate an abandoned and deteriorating school building into a home for two thriving and internationally based businesses and to protect the water quality of a nearby reservoir.}, number={1-2}, journal={ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, author={House, CH and Bergmann, BA and Stomp, AM and Frederick, DJ}, year={1999}, month={Jan}, pages={27–38} }
 @article{bergmann_lin_whetten_1999, title={Susceptibility of Paulownia elongata to Agrobacterium and production of transgenic calli and hairy roots by in vitro inoculation}, volume={55}, DOI={10.1023/A:1026481926560}, number={1}, journal={Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture}, author={Bergmann, Ben and Lin, X. and Whetten, R.}, year={1999}, pages={45–51} }
 @article{bergmann_whetten_1998, title={In vitro rooting and early greenhouse growth of micropropagated Paulownia elongata shoots}, volume={15}, ISSN={["0169-4286"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1006591704075}, number={2}, journal={NEW FORESTS}, author={Bergmann, BA and Whetten, R}, year={1998}, month={Mar}, pages={127–138} }
 @article{bergmann_1998, title={Propagation method influences first year field survival and growth of Paulownia}, volume={16}, ISSN={["0169-4286"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1006529622871}, number={3}, journal={NEW FORESTS}, author={Bergmann, BA}, year={1998}, month={Nov}, pages={251–264} }
 @article{bergmann_sun_stomp_1997, title={Harvest time and nitrogen source influence in vitro growth of apical buds from Fraser fir seedlings}, volume={32}, ISSN={["0018-5345"]}, DOI={10.21273/HORTSCI.32.1.125}, abstractNote={Information was obtained concerning appropriate bud harvest time and nitrogen source to be used in the tissue culture of Fraser fir [Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir] apical buds from 2-year-old seedlings. April was the preferred time to harvest buds for culture, as summer buds had a high contamination frequency, and fall and winter buds did not develop well. Shoot elongation of buds collected in April (1.6 cm) was more than twice that of buds collected in February (0.7 cm) after 100 days in culture; during the same period, shoot fresh mass increased 5-fold (0.21 g in April, 0.04 g in February). Inclusion of a nitrate source reduced the frequency of bud browning, and glutamine was superior to ammonium as a source of reduced nitrogen. Litvay's basal medium containing 10 mm glutamine and 10 mm nitrate was the best nitrogen source combination tested when considering bud browning frequency and shoot fresh mass and length after 100 days in culture.}, number={1}, journal={HORTSCIENCE}, author={Bergmann, BA and Sun, YH and Stomp, AM}, year={1997}, month={Feb}, pages={125–128} }
 @article{bergmann_moon_1997, title={In vitro adventitious shoot production in Paulownia}, volume={16}, ISSN={["0721-7714"]}, DOI={10.1007/s002990050230}, number={5}, journal={PLANT CELL REPORTS}, author={Bergmann, BA and Moon, HK}, year={1997}, month={Feb}, pages={315–319} }
 @article{bergmann_dukes_stomp_1997, title={Infection of Pinus radiata with Agrobacterium rhizogenes and long-term growth of detached hairy roots in vitro}, volume={27}, number={1}, journal={New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science}, author={Bergmann, B. A. and Dukes, J. and Stomp, A. M.}, year={1997}, pages={11} }
 @article{bergmann_rubin_campbell_1997, title={Potential of Paulownia elongata trees for swine waste utilization}, volume={40}, DOI={10.13031/2013.21401}, abstractNote={A greenhouse experiment was done with vegetatively propagated trees to examine the influence of swine 
lagoon effluent on the growth and foliar nutrient content of the fast-growing hardwood species Paulownia elongata. 
Application of swine lagoon effluent promoted plant growth and was as beneficial as a complete chemical fertilizer 
applied at a similar nitrogen loading rate. Foliar concentrations of nitrogen were high, typically between 3.5% and 4.5%, 
when swine lagoon effluent was applied at a nitrogen loading rate equivalent to 205 or 409 kg/ha. Zinc and copper 
concentrations were also relatively high when plants received these swine lagoon effluent treatments (45 to 55 ppm and 
17 to 23 ppm, respectively). Sufficient variation among P. elongata clones was revealed for growth parameters and foliar 
nutrient concentrations to anticipate a benefit from the selection of genotypes that are the most efficient for remediation of 
animal waste, i.e., high biomass production and foliar nutrient accumulation. The data show that P. elongata has potential 
for use as a swine waste utilization species.}, number={6}, journal={Transactions of the ASAE}, author={Bergmann, Ben and Rubin, A. R. and Campbell, C. R.}, year={1997}, pages={1733–1738} }
 @article{bergmann_hackett_pellett_1996, title={Somatic embryogenesis inAesculus}, volume={32}, ISSN={1054-5476 1475-2689}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02822760}, DOI={10.1007/bf02822760}, number={3}, journal={In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Bergmann, B. A. and Hackett, W. P. and Pellett, H.}, year={1996}, month={Jul}, pages={161–164} }
 @article{lin_bergmann_stomp_1995, title={Effect of medium physical support, shoot length and genotype on ​in vitro​ rooting and plantlet morphology of sweetgum}, volume={13}, url={http://www.hrijournal.org/doi/abs/10.24266/0738-2898-13.3.117}, number={3}, journal={J Environ Hort}, author={Lin, X. and Bergmann, B.A. and Stomp, A.­M.}, year={1995}, pages={117–121} }
 @article{bergmann_carson_stomp_1995, title={Heritability of in vitro characteristics and correlation with field performance in Pinus radiata}, volume={25}, ISSN={["0045-5067"]}, DOI={10.1139/x95-209}, abstractNote={ Twenty-nine full-sib crosses were used in an in vitro adventitious shoot production trial with Pinusradiata D. Don. Analyses with four pairs of reciprocal crosses showed that seed-size effects are significant for seed weight prior to tissue culture and embryo weight after 6 days in vitro. However, no significant influence of initial seed size was found on any other interim tissue-culture trait or on final shoot production. Narrow-sense heritabilities, calculated using nine half-sib families each comprising two full-sib crosses, were high for most tissue culture traits. For number of shoots per embryo they were 0.53 ± 0.22 based on individuals and 0.94 based on family means. Subsets of the families used in the tissue-culture study were represented in two field trials. One included parents of 11 of the control-pollinated families, and one included offspring from 13 of the control-pollinated families. Nine families were common to both field trials. Pearson correlation coefficients were determined between each of 13 in vitro traits and six field characteristics measured in one trial and seven traits in the other trial (five traits in common between the two field trials). Almost all correlations were nonsignificant. The significant correlations found were fewer than the number to be expected by chance alone when calculating such a large number of correlations. Thus, this study provides no evidence for significant associations between the in vitro traits measured, including frequency of highly proliferative embryos and shoot production per embryo, and the field characteristics assessed, including diameter, straightness, malformation, branch habit, needle retention, percent acceptable stems, Dothistroma resistance, and pilodyn rating. }, number={12}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE}, author={Bergmann, BA and Carson, SD and Stomp, AM}, year={1995}, month={Dec}, pages={1944–1952} }
 @article{bergmann_stomp_1994, title={EFFECT OF GENOTYPE ON IN-VITRO ADVENTITIOUS SHOOT FORMATION IN PINUS-RADIATA AND CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PAIRS OF PHENOTYPIC TRAITS DURING IN-VITRO SHOOT DEVELOPMENT}, volume={39}, ISSN={["0167-6857"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF00035969}, number={3}, journal={PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE}, author={BERGMANN, BA and STOMP, AM}, year={1994}, month={Dec}, pages={185–194} }
 @article{bergmann_stomp_1994, title={EFFECT OF GENOTYPE ON ROOTING OF HYPOCOTYLS AND IN-VITRO PRODUCED SHOOTS OF PINUS-RADIATA}, volume={39}, ISSN={["0167-6857"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF00035970}, number={3}, journal={PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE}, author={BERGMANN, BA and STOMP, AM}, year={1994}, month={Dec}, pages={195–202} }
 @article{bergmann_stomp_1994, title={Family and clonal variation in susceptibility of Pinus radiata to Agrobacterium tumefaciens in relation to in vitro shoot growth rate}, volume={24}, number={1}, journal={New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science}, author={Bergmann, B. A. and Stomp, A. M.}, year={1994}, pages={3} }
 @article{bergmann_stomp_1992, title={INFLUENCE OF TAXONOMIC RELATEDNESS AND MEDIUM COMPOSITION ON MERISTEMATIC NODULE AND ADVENTITIOUS SHOOT FORMATION IN 9 PINE SPECIES}, volume={22}, ISSN={["0045-5067"]}, DOI={10.1139/x92-101}, abstractNote={ Embryos of Pinusechinata Mill., Pinustaeda L., Pinusserotina Michx., Pinuseldarica Medwed., Pinuscaribaea Morelet, Pinusoocarpa Scheide, Pinustecunumanii (Schwd.) Equiluz & Perry, Pinusstrobus L., and Pinusradiata D. Don were cultured following the protocol for Pinusradiata to determine if a perpetual meristem culture could be produced. Two subsequent experiments were done that included modifications to the medium's mineral composition, strength (modified LePoivre and Murashige and Skoog at half-strength and full strength), cytokinin concentration (1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/L benzyladenine), and auxin concentration (0 and 0.1 mg/L indolebutyric acid). Pines in subsection Australes performed poorly in culture relative to those species in subsection Oocarpae. Pinusradiata and Pinuseldarica were the only species to produce long-term subculturable meristematic tissue, although shoots were obtained with seven of the species. Half-strength modified LePoivre medium containing 2.5 mg/L benzyladenine but no auxin gave the best results with most species. Significant differences in shoot production were found among Pinusoocarpa provenances. }, number={5}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE}, author={BERGMANN, BA and STOMP, AM}, year={1992}, month={May}, pages={750–755} }
 @article{bergmann_stomp_1992, title={​Pinus radiata​ host plant genotype influence on susceptibility to ​Agrobacterium tumefaciens}, volume={82}, ISSN={["0031-949X"]}, DOI={10.1094/Phyto-82-1457}, abstractNote={Effect of host genotype on Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gall formation in Pinus radiata was examined using clonal tissue culture shoots and rooted plantlets. Tissue culture shoots were inoculated in vitro with A. tumefaciens strain 542 or C2/74, both known to be highly infective in pines. Rooted plantlets of the identical genotypes used in vitro and seedlings from the same seedlot were established in the greenhouse and inoculated with strain 542. Gall formation frequency of tissue culture shoots and rooted plantlets was genotype dependent. Rooted plantlets and seedlings of the same age did not differ in susceptibility to A. tumefaciens strain 542 []}, number={12}, journal={Phytopathology}, author={Bergmann, BA and Stomp, A­M}, year={1992}, pages={1457–1462} }
 @inbook{chesick_bergmann_1991, title={Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)}, ISBN={9783642080937 9783662132319}, ISSN={0934-943X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13231-9_15}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-662-13231-9_15}, abstractNote={Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) (Fig. 1), an economically important timber species in northern North America, is used for pulp, poles, and lumber. The species ranks first among conifers for pulpwood production in the Great Lake States of the United States of America and second only to black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill) P.B.S.] in volume harvested in Canada (Reimenschneider 1982; Moore 1984; Yeatman 1984). It is drought-resistant, extremely shade intolerant, and grows on a wide variety of sites. Performance is best on sandy loam or clay loam soils (Moore 1984). On dry, sandy, low-fertility sites where few other tree species will grow, it can be considered a climax species (Benzie 1977). Early growth is rapid and in the Great Lake States on good sites with short rotations it can produce as much pulpwood by weight as red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) (Reimenschneider 1982; Rudolph and Yeatman 1982).}, booktitle={Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry}, publisher={Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, author={Chesick, E. E. and Bergmann, B. A.}, year={1991}, pages={241–253} }
 @article{bergmann_pellett_hackett_1988, title={Aesculus ​ ​‘Autumn Splendor’}, volume={24}, number={1}, journal={HortScience}, author={Bergmann, B.A. and Pellett, H. and Hackett, W.P.}, year={1988}, pages={180–181} }
 @article{bergmann_hackett_pellett_1988, title={Comparison of rootability of stem cuttings from seedlings of Aesculus​ sp. and mature ​Aesculus ​× ​arnoldiana​ ‘Autumn Splendor’}, volume={6}, number={2}, journal={J Environ Hort}, author={Bergmann, B.A. and Hackett, W.P. and Pellett, H.}, year={1988}, pages={69–71} }
 @article{armitage_bergmann_bell_1987, title={Effect of daminozide and light intensity on growth and flowering of calendula as a potted plant}, volume={22}, number={4}, journal={HortScience}, author={Armitage, A.M. and Bergmann, B.A. and Bell, E.L.}, year={1987}, pages={611–612} }