@article{wallat_wek_chariou_carpenter_ghiladi_steinmetz_pokorski_2017, title={Fluorinated polymer–photosensitizer conjugates enable improved generation of ROS for anticancer photodynamic therapy}, volume={8}, ISSN={1759-9954 1759-9962}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7PY00522A}, DOI={10.1039/c7py00522a}, abstractNote={Fluorous nanoparticles enhances oxygen uptake as a PDT carrier for skin cancers.}, number={20}, journal={Polymer Chemistry}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Wallat, Jaqueline D. and Wek, Kristen S. and Chariou, Paul L. and Carpenter, Bradley L. and Ghiladi, Reza A. and Steinmetz, Nicole F. and Pokorski, Jonathan K.}, year={2017}, pages={3195–3202} }
 @article{lee_carpenter_wen_ghiladi_steinmetz_2016, title={High Aspect Ratio Nanotubes Formed by Tobacco Mosaic Virus for Delivery of Photodynamic Agents Targeting Melanoma}, volume={2}, ISSN={2373-9878 2373-9878}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00061}, DOI={10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00061}, abstractNote={Melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer that is unresponsive to many traditional therapies. Recently, photodynamic therapy has shown promise in its treatment as an adjuvant therapy. However, conventional photosensitizers are limited by poor solubility and limited accumulation within target tissue. Here, we report the delivery of a porphyrin-based photosensitizer encapsulated within a plant viral nanoparticle. Specifically, we make use of the hollow, high aspect ratio nanotubes formed by the nucleoprotein components of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) to encapsulate the drug for delivery and targeting of cancer cells. The cationic photosensitizer was successfully and stably loaded into the interior channel of TMV via electrostatic interactions. Cell uptake and efficacy were evaluated using a model of melanoma. The resulting TMV-photosensitizer exhibited improved cell uptake and efficacy when compared to free photosensitizer, making it a promising platform for improved therapy of melanoma.}, number={5}, journal={ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Lee, Karin L. and Carpenter, Bradley L. and Wen, Amy M. and Ghiladi, Reza A. and Steinmetz, Nicole F.}, year={2016}, month={Apr}, pages={838–844} }
 @article{wen_lee_cao_pangilinan_carpenter_lam_veliz_ghiladi_advincula_steinmetz_2016, title={Utilizing Viral Nanoparticle/Dendron Hybrid Conjugates in Photodynamic Therapy for Dual Delivery to Macrophages and Cancer Cells}, volume={27}, ISSN={1043-1802 1520-4812}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00075}, DOI={10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00075}, abstractNote={Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising avenue for greater treatment efficacy of highly resistant and aggressive melanoma. Through photosensitizer attachment to nanoparticles, specificity of delivery can be conferred to further reduce potential side effects. While the main focus of PDT is the destruction of cancer cells, additional targeting of tumor-associated macrophages also present in the tumor microenvironment could further enhance treatment by eliminating their role in processes such as invasion, metastasis, and immunosuppression. In this study, we investigated PDT of macrophages and tumor cells through delivery using the natural noninfectious nanoparticle cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), which has been shown to have specificity for the immunosuppressive subpopulation of macrophages and also targets cancer cells. We further explored conjugation of CPMV/dendron hybrids in order to improve the drug loading capacity of the nanocarrier. Overall, we demonstrated effective elimination of both macrophage and tumor cells at low micromolar concentrations of the photosensitizer when delivered with the CPMV bioconjugate, thereby potentially improving melanoma treatment.}, number={5}, journal={Bioconjugate Chemistry}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Wen, Amy M. and Lee, Karin L. and Cao, Pengfei and Pangilinan, Katrina and Carpenter, Bradley L. and Lam, Patricia and Veliz, Frank A. and Ghiladi, Reza A. and Advincula, Rigoberto C. and Steinmetz, Nicole F.}, year={2016}, month={Apr}, pages={1227–1235} }
 @article{carpenter_situ_scholle_bartelmess_weare_ghiladi_2015, title={Antiviral, antifungal and antibacterial activities of a BODIPY-based photosensitizer}, volume={20}, number={6}, journal={Molecules}, author={Carpenter, B. L. and Situ, X. C. and Scholle, F. and Bartelmess, J. and Weare, W. W. and Ghiladi, R. A.}, year={2015}, pages={10604–10621} }
 @article{muli_carpenter_mayukh_ghiladi_mcgrath_2015, title={Dendritic near-IR absorbing zinc phthalocyanines for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy}, volume={56}, ISSN={0040-4039}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.076}, DOI={10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.076}, abstractNote={Abstract Design, synthesis, characterization, and photodynamic activity of dendritic, water-soluble zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) isomers 1a and 1b are described. Bearing terminal triethylene glycol (TEG) moieties as water solubilizing groups that were attached to the Pc core using Cu(I) catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (CuAAC), 1a and 1b are readily soluble in H2O, polar aprotic, and protic organic solvents. UV/Vis analyses indicate that the Q band of the non-peripheral ZnPc 1b is ca. 80 nm red-shifted relative to the peripheral one with absorption at 805 nm (distilled water). 1a and 1b have log D7.4 values of 0.22 and 0.05, respectively, suggesting that the non-peripheral substitution improved the overall hydrophilicity. Aggregation studies indicate that non-peripherally substituted 1b is significantly less aggregated in aqueous media than peripherally substituted 1a. Singlet oxygen generation studies are reported. Both ZnPcs showed negligible dark toxicity on bacteria and yeast with 10 μM 1a and 1b. Illumination (400–850 nm) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 10 μM of 1a produced a 90% cell inactivation while Acinetobacter baumannii with 10 μM 1b showed detection limit (99.9999+%) cell inactivation, demonstrating the antimicrobial photoactivity of these dyes.}, number={23}, journal={Tetrahedron Letters}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Muli, Dominic K. and Carpenter, Bradley L. and Mayukh, Mayank and Ghiladi, Reza A. and McGrath, Dominic V.}, year={2015}, month={Jun}, pages={3541–3545} }
 @article{carpenter_scholle_sadeghifar_francis_boltersdorf_weare_argyropoulos_maggard_ghiladi_2015, title={Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Photomicrobicidal Cellulose Paper}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1526-4602"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84938937944&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00758}, abstractNote={Toward our goal of scalable, antimicrobial materials based on photodynamic inactivation, paper sheets comprised of photosensitizer-conjugated cellulose fibers were prepared using porphyrin and BODIPY photosensitizers, and characterized by spectroscopic (infrared, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, inductively coupled plasma optical emission) and physical (gel permeation chromatography, elemental, and thermal gravimetric analyses) methods. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-2913), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (ATCC-2320), Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC-19606), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-9027), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC-2146). Our best results were achieved with a cationic porphyrin-paper conjugate, Por((+))-paper, with inactivation upon illumination (30 min, 65 ± 5 mW/cm(2), 400-700 nm) of all bacterial strains studied by 99.99+% (4 log units), regardless of taxonomic classification. Por((+))-paper also inactivated dengue-1 virus (>99.995%), influenza A (∼ 99.5%), and human adenovirus-5 (∼ 99%). These results demonstrate the potential of cellulose materials to serve as scalable scaffolds for anti-infective or self-sterilizing materials against both bacteria and viruses when employing a photodynamic inactivation mode of action.}, number={8}, journal={BIOMACROMOLECULES}, author={Carpenter, Bradley L. and Scholle, Frank and Sadeghifar, Hasan and Francis, Aaron J. and Boltersdorf, Jonathan and Weare, Walter W. and Argyropoulos, Dimitris S. and Maggard, Paul A. and Ghiladi, Reza A.}, year={2015}, month={Aug}, pages={2482–2492} }
 @article{carpenter_feese_sadeghifar_argyropoulos_ghiladi_2012, title={Porphyrin-Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Photobactericidal Material that Exhibits Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity (vol 88, pg 495, 2012)}, volume={88}, ISSN={["0031-8655"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84863678900&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01191.x}, abstractNote={Bradley L. Carpenter, Elke Feese, Hasan Sadeghifar, Dimitris S. Argyropoulos and Reza A. Ghiladi* Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran, Iran}, number={4}, journal={PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY}, author={Carpenter, Bradley L. and Feese, Elke and Sadeghifar, Hasan and Argyropoulos, Dimitris S. and Ghiladi, Reza A.}, year={2012}, pages={1034–1034} }
 @article{carpenter_feese_sadeghifar_argyropoulos_ghiladi_2012, title={Porphyrin-Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Photobactericidal Material that Exhibits Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity†}, volume={88}, ISSN={0031-8655}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01117.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01117.x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={Photochemistry and Photobiology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Carpenter, Bradley L. and Feese, Elke and Sadeghifar, Hasan and Argyropoulos, Dimitris S. and Ghiladi, Reza A.}, year={2012}, month={Mar}, pages={527–536} }