@article{mcdonald_mueller_2024, title={OpenMP-RT: Native Pragma Support for Real-Time Tasks and Synchronization with LLVM under Linux}, DOI={10.1145/3652032.3657574}, abstractNote={Increasing demands in processing power for real-time systems have been met by adding more cores to embedded architectures. However, conventional programming languages lack adequate support for parallelism with real-time constraints. To fill this gap, add-on design tools have been created, often paired with real-time operating systems, to establish temporal guarantees, but they lack native language support for expressing parallelism at a combination of coarse and fine levels. OpenMP would be a good fit to specify such parallelism as it comes with mature compiler and runtime technology for mapping concurrency to execution units via the operating system. However, OpenMP lacks real-time support for scheduling and synchronization under deadline constraints. We analyze the suitability of existing OpenMP for coarse-grained parallelism of real-time systems and identify key points that prevent it from being used as-is. We develop a framework, OpenMP-RT, which aims to address these shortcomings by creating a real-time task construct, with a focus on periodic tasks, along with a robust specification for parallel real-time applications utilizing OpenMP-RT, including support for time-predictable lock-free inter-task communication across priority levels. We implement OpenMP-RT in the LLVM C compiler under OpenMP 5.1. We develop a test suite based on a variety of benchmarks with real-time constraints and demonstrate the correctness and ease of use of our OpenMP-RT implementation, as well as the performance and predictability of multiple different paradigms for inter-task communication.}, journal={PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGES, COMPILERS, AND TOOLS FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEMS, LCTES 2024}, author={McDonald, Brayden and Mueller, Frank}, year={2024}, pages={119–130} }
 @article{mcdonald_mueller_2022, title={T-SYS: Timed-Based System Security for Real-Time Kernels}, ISSN={["2375-8317"]}, DOI={10.1109/ICCPS54341.2022.00029}, abstractNote={The increasing proliferation of cyber-physical systems in a multitude of applications presents a pressing need for effective methods of securing such devices. Many such systems are subject to tight timing constraints, which are poorly suited to traditional security methods due to the large runtime overhead and execution time variation introduced. However, the regular (and well documented) timing specifications of real-time systems open up new avenues with which such systems can be secured. This paper contributes T-SYS, a timed-system method of detecting intrusions into real-time systems via timing anomalies. A prototype implementation of T-SYS is integrated into a commercial real-time operating system (RTOS) in order to demonstrate its feasibility. Further, a compiler-based tool is developed to realize a T-SYS implementation with elastic timing bounds. This tool sup-ports integration of T-SYS protection into applications as well as the RTOS the kernel itself. Results on an ARM hardware platform with benchmark tasks including those drawn from an open-source UAV code base compare T-SYS with another method of timing-based intrusion detection and assess its effectiveness in terms of detecting attacks as they intrude a system.}, journal={2022 13TH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS (ICCPS 2022)}, author={McDonald, Brayden and Mueller, Frank}, year={2022}, pages={247–258} }