@article{basciano_kleinstreuer_kennedy_dezarn_childress_2010, title={Computer Modeling of Controlled Microsphere Release and Targeting in a Representative Hepatic Artery System}, volume={38}, ISSN={["1573-9686"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10439-010-9955-z}, abstractNote={Combating liver tumors via yttrium-90 ((90)Y) radioembolization is a viable treatment option of nonresectable liver tumors. Employing clinical (90)Y microparticles (i.e., SIR-Spheres and TheraSpheres) in a computational model of a representative hepatic artery system, laminar transient 3D particle-hemodynamics were simulated. Specifically, optimal particle release positions in the right hepatic (parent) artery as well as the best temporal release window were determined for the microspheres to exit specific outlet daughter vessels, potentially connected to liver tumors. The results illustrate the influence of a curved geometry on the velocity field and the particle trajectory dependence on the spatial and temporal particle injection conditions. The differing physical particle characteristics of the SIR-Spheres and the TheraSpheres had a subtle impact on particle trajectories in the decelerating portion of the arterial pulse, i.e., when the inertial forces on the particles are weaker. Conversely, particle characteristics and inelastic wall collisions had little effect on particles released during the accelerating phase of the arterial pulse, i.e., both types of microspheres followed organized paths to predetermined outlets. Such results begin paving the way towards directing 100% of the released microspheres to specific daughter vessels (e.g., those connected to tumors) under transient flow conditions in realistic geometries via a novel drug-particle targeting methodology.}, number={5}, journal={ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING}, author={Basciano, Christopher A. and Kleinstreuer, Clement and Kennedy, Andrew S. and Dezarn, William A. and Childress, Emily}, year={2010}, month={May}, pages={1862–1879} }
 @article{kennedy_kleinstreuer_basciano_dezarn_2010, title={COMPUTER MODELING OF YTTRIUM-90-MICROSPHERE TRANSPORT IN THE HEPATIC ARTERIAL TREE TO IMPROVE CLINICAL OUTCOMES}, volume={76}, ISSN={["0360-3016"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.06.069}, abstractNote={Purpose Radioembolization (RE) via yttrium-90 (90Y) microspheres is an effective and safe treatment for unresectable liver malignancies. However, no data are available regarding the impact of local blood flow dynamics on 90Y-microsphere transport and distribution in the human hepatic arterial system. Methods and Materials A three-dimensional (3-D) computer model was developed to analyze and simulate blood-microsphere flow dynamics in the hepatic arterial system with tumor. Supplemental geometric and flow data sets from patients undergoing RE were also available to validate the accuracy of the computer simulation model. Specifically, vessel diameters, curvatures, and branching patterns, as well as blood flow velocities/pressures and microsphere characteristics (i.e., diameter and specific gravity), were measured. Three-dimensional computer-aided design software was used to create the vessel geometries. Initial trials, with 10,000 noninteracting microspheres released into the hepatic artery, used resin spheres 32-μm in diameter with a density twice that of blood. Results Simulations of blood flow subject to different branch-outlet pressures as well as blood-microsphere transport were successfully carried out, allowing testing of two types of microsphere release distributions in the inlet plane of the main hepatic artery. If the inlet distribution of microspheres was uniform (evenly spaced particles), a greater percentage would exit into the vessel branch feeding the tumor. Conversely, a parabolic inlet distribution of microspheres (more particles around the vessel center) showed a high percentage of microspheres exiting the branch vessel leading to the normal liver. Conclusions Computer simulations of both blood flow patterns and microsphere dynamics have the potential to provide valuable insight on how to optimize 90Y-microsphere implantation into hepatic tumors while sparing normal tissue. Radioembolization (RE) via yttrium-90 (90Y) microspheres is an effective and safe treatment for unresectable liver malignancies. However, no data are available regarding the impact of local blood flow dynamics on 90Y-microsphere transport and distribution in the human hepatic arterial system. A three-dimensional (3-D) computer model was developed to analyze and simulate blood-microsphere flow dynamics in the hepatic arterial system with tumor. Supplemental geometric and flow data sets from patients undergoing RE were also available to validate the accuracy of the computer simulation model. Specifically, vessel diameters, curvatures, and branching patterns, as well as blood flow velocities/pressures and microsphere characteristics (i.e., diameter and specific gravity), were measured. Three-dimensional computer-aided design software was used to create the vessel geometries. Initial trials, with 10,000 noninteracting microspheres released into the hepatic artery, used resin spheres 32-μm in diameter with a density twice that of blood. Simulations of blood flow subject to different branch-outlet pressures as well as blood-microsphere transport were successfully carried out, allowing testing of two types of microsphere release distributions in the inlet plane of the main hepatic artery. If the inlet distribution of microspheres was uniform (evenly spaced particles), a greater percentage would exit into the vessel branch feeding the tumor. Conversely, a parabolic inlet distribution of microspheres (more particles around the vessel center) showed a high percentage of microspheres exiting the branch vessel leading to the normal liver. Computer simulations of both blood flow patterns and microsphere dynamics have the potential to provide valuable insight on how to optimize 90Y-microsphere implantation into hepatic tumors while sparing normal tissue.}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS}, author={Kennedy, Andrew S. and Kleinstreuer, Clement and Basciano, Christopher A. and Dezarn, William A.}, year={2010}, month={Feb}, pages={631–637} }
 @article{kleinstreuer_li_basciano_seelecke_farber_2008, title={Computational mechanics of Nitinol stent grafts}, volume={41}, ISSN={["1873-2380"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.05.032}, abstractNote={A finite element analysis of tubular, diamond-shaped stent grafts under representative cyclic loading conditions for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair is presented. Commercial software was employed to study the mechanical behavior and fatigue performance of different materials found in commercially available stent-graft systems. Specifically, the effects of crimping, deployment, and cyclic pressure loading on stent-graft fatigue life, radial force, and wall compliances were simulated and analyzed for two types of realistic but different Nitinol materials (NITI-1 and NITI-2) and grafts (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-ePTFE and polyethylene therephthalate-PET). The results show that NITI-1 stent has a better crimping performance than NITI-2. Under representative cyclic pressure loading, both NITI-1 and NITI-2 sealing stents are located in the safe zone of the fatigue-life diagram; however, the fatigue resistance of an NITI-1 stent is better than that of an NITI-2 stent. It was found that the two types of sealing stents do not damage a healthy neck artery. In the aneurysm section, the NITI-1&ePTFE, NITI-1&PET, and NITI-2&PET combinations were free of fatigue fracture when subjected to conditions of radial stress between 50 and 150mmHg. In contrast, the safety factor for the NITI-2&ePFTE combination was only 0.67, which is not acceptable for proper AAA stent-graft design. In summary, a Nitinol stent with PET graft may greatly improve fatigue life, while its compliance is much lower than the NITI-ePTFE combination.}, number={11}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS}, author={Kleinstreuer, C. and Li, Z. and Basciano, C. A. and Seelecke, S. and Farber, M. A.}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={2370–2378} }
 @article{basciano_kleinstreuer_2009, title={Invariant-Based Anisotropic Constitutive Models of the Healthy and Aneurysmal Abdominal Aortic Wall}, volume={131}, ISSN={["1528-8951"]}, DOI={10.1115/1.3005341}, abstractNote={The arterial wall is a complex fiber-reinforced composite. Pathological conditions, such as aneurysms, significantly alter the mechanical response of the arterial wall, resulting in a loss of elasticity, enhanced anisotropy, and increased chances of mechanical failure. Invariant-based models of the healthy and aneurysmal abdominal aorta were constructed based on first principles and published experimental data with implementations for several numerical cases, as well as comparisons to current healthy and aneurysmal tissue data. Inherent limitations of a traditional invariant-based methodology are also discussed and compared to the models’ ability to accurately reproduce experimental trends. The models capture the nonlinear and anisotropic mechanical responses of the two arterial sections and make reasonable predictions regarding the effects of alterations in healthy and diseased tissue histology. Additionally, the new models exhibit convex and anisotropic monotonically increasing energy contours (suggesting numerical stability) but have potentially the inherent limitations of a covariant theoretical framework. Although the traditional invariant framework exhibits significant covariance, the invariant terms utilized in the new models exhibited limited covariance and are able to accurately reproduce experimental trends. A streamlined implementation is also possible for future numerical investigations of fluid-structure interactions in abdominal aortic aneurysms.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME}, author={Basciano, C. A. and Kleinstreuer, C.}, year={2009}, month={Feb} }
 @article{zheng_basciano_li_kuznetsov_2007, title={Fluid dynamics of cell cytokinesis - Numerical analysis of intracellular flow during cell division}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1879-0178"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2006.09.005}, abstractNote={Intracellular flow of cytoplasmic fluid during cell cytokinesis is investigated. The intercellular bridge connecting two daughter cells is modeled as a cylindrical microchannel whose squeezing causes cytoplasmic flow inside the bridge itself and into the daughter cells. An equation from recent experimental measurements by Zhang and Robinson [W. Zhang, D.N. Robinson, Balance of actively generated contractile and resistive forces controls cytokinesis dynamics, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (2005) 7186–7191.] that governs the dynamics of bridge thinning is implemented in this model. The purpose of this research is to compute intracellular flow induced by the bridge thinning process. Two different types of boundary conditions are compared at the membrane–cytoplasm interface; these are a no-slip condition and a no tangential stress condition. Pressure and flow velocity distributions in the daughter cells and the force exerted by this flow on the daughter cell nucleus are computed. It is established that the pressure difference between the daughter cell and the intercellular bridge increases as time progresses. It is also observed that a region of stagnation develops on the downstream side of the nucleus as the bridge thins.}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER}, author={Zheng, F. and Basciano, C. and Li, J. and Kuznetsov, A. V.}, year={2007}, month={Jan}, pages={1–7} }