@article{leprevost_cofie_nieuwsma_harwell_rivera_acevedo_lee_2024, title={Community health worker outreach to farmworkers in rural North Carolina: Learning from adaptations to the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.14047}, DOI={10.1111/hex.14047}, abstractNote={Abstract Background Community health workers represent a critical part of the health outreach and services for migrant and seasonal farmworkers (‘farmworkers’) in rural areas of the United States. Purpose We sought to identify adaptations to farmworker patient engagement and health outreach made by community health workers during the first 18 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods In this qualitative study, we used semi‐structured interviews with community health workers from August 2020 to February 2022 ( n = 21). Two coders used thematic analysis to identify three themes related to the experiences of community health workers in conducting health education and outreach to farmworkers prior to and following the onset of the pandemic. Findings We found themes related to pre‐pandemic outreach efforts to provide health education resource sharing with farmworkers and pandemic‐related outreach efforts that included adoption of porch drops and distanced delivery of health education, adaptation of modes of health education and communication through technology and the internet, and taking on new roles related to COVID‐19. Finally, we identified changes that reverted after the pandemic or will continue as adaptations. Conclusions Community health workers created practice‐based innovations in outreach in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. These innovations included new COVID‐19 related roles and new modes of health education and outreach, including the use of digital resources. The changes developed for emergency use in COVID‐19, particularly related to internet and technology, have likely altered how community health workers conduct outreach in North Carolina going forward. Funders, community health worker training programs, and researchers should take note of these innovations. Patient or Public Contribution Community health workers who typically come from patient populations and provide critical navigation and connection with the health care system advised on the design and creation of this research project, including serving on an advisory board. Two authors have experience working as community health workers.}, journal={Health Expectations}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Cofie, Leslie E. and Nieuwsma, Julianna and Harwell, Emery L. and Rivera, Natalie D. and Acevedo, Paula A. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2024}, month={Apr} }
 @article{gordon_ramirez_harwell_bloss_gámez_leprevost_2024, title={Exploring the learning preferences of farmworker‐serving community health workers}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/hir.12528}, DOI={10.1111/hir.12528}, abstractNote={Abstract Community health workers are responsible for finding, processing, and transferring health information to communities with limited access to health‐related resources, including farmworkers. This paper is the culmination of an undergraduate student research project to explore the learning processes and preferences of farmworker‐serving community health workers in the USA. The project was designed for students from farmworker or agricultural backgrounds at two North Carolina universities and was supported by a North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services workforce development grant. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted, in person and virtually, with a convenience sample of 17 current and former community health workers. The interview data were analysed thematically and identified a preference for a combination of learning styles, with visual and hands‐on learning being the most preferred. Community health workers also identified the importance of learning preferences in relation to their responsibilities as health educators. This study provides librarians, along with public health and medical professionals, with useful information about learning preferences to inform the creation of new and varied learning materials for community health workers.}, journal={Health Information & Libraries Journal}, author={Gordon, Hannah and Ramirez, Genesis and Harwell, Emery L. and Bloss, Jamie E. and Gámez, Raúl and LePrevost, Catherine E.}, year={2024}, month={Apr} }
 @article{cofie_leprevost_harwell_bustos_welborn_firnhaber_lee_2023, title={"<i>Valorar el trabajo de</i> farmworkers": A thematic analysis of input from farmworkers, advocates, and students in a community documentary project about the future of farm work}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1525-1446"]}, DOI={10.1111/phn.13263}, abstractNote={Farm work is one of the nation's most hazardous occupations, and migrant and seasonal farmworkers face significant health inequities. Awareness and understanding of the needs of this population are crucial in assuring they receive appropriate support. Documentary programs can raise awareness of community member views to better inform services and advocacy efforts. Visions for the future of farm work were collected from farmworkers and persons supporting them through a community-based, participatory documentary project led by Student Action with Farmworkers (SAF) from 2021 to 2022. Seventy-nine submissions from participants in North and South Carolina, including text responses and file uploads, were collected and thematically analyzed. Five themes were identified: (1) employment benefits and conditions, (2) living conditions, (3) health access and quality, (4) dignity and visibility of farm work, and (5) policy change for a better future. The visions for the future of farm work expressed by these agricultural workers, advocates, and students raise important implications for agricultural communities, public health practitioners, researchers, funders, and policymakers. Application of these findings in the development and delivery of public health services for farmworkers has the potential to positively impact the morbidity and mortality rates of this at-risk population.}, journal={PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING}, author={Cofie, Leslie E. and Leprevost, Catherine E. and Harwell, Emery L. and Bustos, Yessie Y. and Welborn, Joanna and Firnhaber, Gina C. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2023}, month={Nov} }
 @article{harwell_wright_leprevost_bloss_lee_2023, title={An Analysis of the Availability of Health Education Materials for Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1545-0813"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2023.2169424}, DOI={10.1080/1059924X.2023.2169424}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Community health workers (CHWs) have reported a paucity of farmworker-specific education materials for use during health outreach to farmworkers. To improve our understanding of the availability of topically and culturally relevant health education materials for farmworkers, we identified 15 key health topics to examine across four major online health information services: MedlinePlus.gov, Migrant Clinicians Network, National Agricultural Safety Database, and National Center for Farmworker Health. We established inter-coder reliability and conducted coding for health education materials by topic and identified the percentage of materials specifically designed for farmworkers. The availability of materials ranged from, on the low end, accessing clinic services, having one health education material total across all four online services, to alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, having 50 materials across the four online services. Online health information services ranged from 0.6% of the materials designed specifically for farmworkers (MedlinePlus.gov) to 42.9% (Migrant Clinicians Network). The findings from this study underscore the need to support community-based projects centering CHWs’ roles as advocates and facilitators to develop educational materials for farmworker health outreach.}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE}, author={Harwell, Emery L. L. and Wright, Michael Z. Z. and LePrevost, Catherine E. E. and Bloss, Jamie E. E. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{gray_blanchard_leprevost_2023, title={Educator beliefs and organizational constraints: Factors that influence informal education about fish consumption advisories in a southeastern US state}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2765-8511"]}, DOI={10.1080/27658511.2023.2259716}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT All US states, and many countries around the world, have waterways with environmental health advisories intended to protect individuals from harmful chemicals in fish, yet little is known about how informal science educators, even those who engage anglers along waterways, incorporate advisory information into their educational activities. This study, grounded in environmental health literacy, investigated the practices, knowledge, and beliefs of 24 informal educators housed in varied agencies and organizations in a southeastern US state. Participants described a range of educational activities and identified organizational constraints on their education about fish consumption advisories, which varied by organization type. Their knowledge of relevant environmental health concepts was incomplete, and they described health and teaching beliefs consistent with limited focus on advisory education. Local government and nonprofit educators were well positioned to educate anglers about advisories, due to their freedom to design and deliver instruction and their regular contact with anglers. Educators in wildlife agencies had more contact with anglers and were identified as potential conduits given their interactions, but organizational constraints (such as educators’ ability to choose content/pedagogy and conflicting missions of agencies) would need to be addressed.}, number={1}, journal={SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT}, author={Gray, Kathleen M. and Blanchard, Margaret R. and LePrevost, Catherine E.}, year={2023}, month={Dec} }
 @article{cofie_barrington_cope_leprevost_singh_2023, title={Increasing health facility childbirth in Ghana: the role of network and community norms}, volume={23}, ISSN={["1471-2393"]}, DOI={10.1186/s12884-023-05513-9}, abstractNote={Reducing pregnancy-related deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa through increases in health facility births may be achieved by promoting community norms and network norms favoring health facility births. However, the process of how both norms shift attitudes and actions towards facility delivery is little studied. We examined the association of network and community norms with facility birth, following a quality improvement intervention to improve facility births in Ghana.A 2015 mixed methods evaluation of a Maternal and Newborn Health Referral (MNHR) project in Ghana included a cross-sectional survey of women (N = 508), aged 15-49 years; in-depth interviews (IDIs) with mothers (n = 40), husbands (n = 20) and healthcare improvement collaborative leaders (n = 8); and focus group discussions (FGDs) with mothers-in-law (n = 4) and collaborative members (n = 7). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of network and community norms with facility birth. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data was conducted to explain this relationship.The network norm of perceived family approval of facility delivery (AOR: 5.54, CI: 1.65-18.57) and the community norm of perceived number of women in the community that deliver in a facility (AOR: 3.00, CI: 1.66-5.43) were independently associated with facility delivery. In qualitative IDIs and FGDs both norms were also collectively perceived as influencing facility delivery. However, network norms were more influential in women's utilization of facility-based pregnancy-related care. Healthcare improvement collaboratives were important in swaying both network and community norms toward facility-based delivery by offering pregnancy-related health information, antenatal care, and support for facility delivery.Quality improvement initiatives impact both community and network norms. To be most impactful in advancing facility-based pregnancy-related care, these initiatives should focus on highlighting the shifting trend toward facility delivery in rural communicates and promoting support for facility delivery among women's personal networks.}, number={1}, journal={BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH}, author={Cofie, Leslie E. and Barrington, Clare and Cope, Kersten and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Singh, Kavita}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @article{chichester_jewell_leprevost_lee_2023, title={The Cost of Diversity: An Analysis of Representation and Cost Barriers in Stock Photo Libraries for Health Education Materials, 2021}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1552-6372"]}, DOI={10.1177/15248399221150788}, abstractNote={INTRODUCTION
Ineffective health communication can drive health disparities and limit the effectiveness of interventions to reduce them. Stock photo libraries are a critical tool for developers of patient education, health education, and intervention materials. It is not clear how well stock photo libraries represent communities bearing disproportionate burdens of disease.


METHOD
We conducted a search using five popular stock image libraries (Adobe Stock Images, Canva, Getty Images, Microsoft Office Image Library, and Pixabay) in November 2021 to evaluate diversity and representation in health-related stock photos. We searched for the following five key preventive health topics: healthy eating, exercising, quitting smoking, vaccination, and pregnancy. The images (N = 495) were coded for age, gender presentation, representation of perceived minoritized racial/ethnic identity, skin color using the Massey-Martin skin color scale, markers of high socioeconomic status (SES), and access costs. Results. The representation of perceived minoritized people, darker skin color, and inclusion of markers of high SES varied greatly by the search term and library. Images predominately portrayed young adults and adults, with limited representation of other age groups. Images in libraries with any paywall were significantly more likely to depict a person of perceived minoritized racial/ethnic identity and depict darker skin colors, and were significantly less likely to contain markers of high SES identity than images in libraries that were free to use.


DISCUSSION
We found that it costs more to develop culturally relevant health education materials for minoritized populations and groups that do not represent high SES populations. This may hinder the development of effective communication interventions.}, journal={HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE}, author={Chichester, Zachary A. and Jewell, Michelle A. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{harwell_leprevost_cofie_lee_2022, title={Community Health Workers' Role in Addressing Farmworker Health Disparities}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1545-0813"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2022.2040069}, DOI={10.1080/1059924X.2022.2040069}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Community health workers (CHWs) are uniquely positioned to connect migrant and seasonal farmworkers to health promotion and clinical services. However, research on CHWs’ experiences, particularly related to their provision of health education to farmworkers, is limited. To explore CHWs’ practices and challenges in conducting health education outreach, we conducted three focus group discussions with farmworker health CHWs (N = 28) in North Carolina in the spring of 2020. We analyzed the focus group transcripts, and we compared the code outputs, thematic code summaries, and memos maintained throughout the analytic process to examine the experiences of CHWs in acquiring and disseminating health information and resources, including use of technology. We identified three themes related to CHWs’ experiences providing health information to farmworkers. First, CHWs described short-term preparation, immediately before providing health outreach, and long-term activities, devoted to maintaining and improving their capacity to provide relevant health information to farmworkers. Second, they described their use of health education delivery methods, including open-ended questions, participatory and interactive approaches, and non-verbal aids. Third, participants described their current use of technology and related challenges, as well as the technology needed to enhance health outreach, including internet access. Findings reveal opportunities to improve farmworker health education through professional development for CHWs, identification of preferred methods of health education delivery to farmworkers, and provision of technology to farmworker-serving organizations. Establishing rural internet access and equipping outreach organizations with technology would position CHWs to be maximally effective as they strive to reduce farmworkers’ health inequities. Abbreviations: CHW: Community health worker; FGD: focus group discussion; NC: North Carolina.}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Harwell, Emery L. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Cofie, Leslie E. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2022}, month={Feb} }
 @article{bloss_leprevost_cofie_lee_2022, title={Creating information resources and trainings for farmworker-serving community health workers}, volume={110}, ISSN={1558-9439 1536-5050}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2022.1272}, DOI={10.5195/jmla.2022.1272}, abstractNote={Background: Farmworker-serving community health workers have limited access to farmworker health research findings, training, and education resources. With funding from the National Library of Medicine, we are working to improve the health information literacy of both community health workers and farmworkers. We conducted focus group discussions with community health workers to explore their experiences providing health education and information to farmworkers, their information-seeking behaviors, and their technology and information needs. Data from the focus groups provided insights into the main areas in which community health workers would like to receive professional development. Case Presentation: Our team, which includes health sciences librarians, developed a resource list of educational materials for farmworker health, videos to increase community health workers' skills finding health information online, and webinars to introduce these resources to community health workers. Videos, available in Spanish and English, included instruction on finding and evaluating online health information, accessing reputable online consumer health information sources, and advanced searching tips for Google and PubMed. Through three webinars, we introduced the resource list, videos, and design software for creating handouts and infographics to community health workers. Conclusions: Community health workers have a critical role in providing health education and information to farmworkers, and our efforts represent a first step in addressing community health workers' limited access to professional development. Health sciences librarians are well positioned to partner with interdisciplinary teams working to reduce health disparities and provide resources and training to community health workers, farmworkers, and other underserved communities.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of the Medical Library Association}, publisher={University Library System, University of Pittsburgh}, author={Bloss, Jamie E. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Cofie, Leslie E. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2022}, month={Feb}, pages={113–118} }
 @article{amaresh_gámez_leprevost_lee_2022, title={Exploring Undergraduate Research Experiences for Latinx College Students From Farmworker Families}, volume={63}, ISSN={1543-3382}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/csd.2022.0009}, DOI={10.1353/csd.2022.0009}, abstractNote={Undergraduate research programs are beneficial to students beyond the practical research experience students gain. Participants in undergraduate research experiences have shown enhanced comprehension of the research process, increased confidence, and greater awareness of higher education opportunities (Russell et al., 2007). Through mentorship from faculty and peers, participating students can feel a stronger connection with a science community (Eagan et al., 2013). According to Stanford et al. (2017), participating in these programs increases students’ persistence and retention. The benefits afforded by undergraduate research programs are particularly important when considering the continued underrepresentation of minoritized students, including Latinx students who are underrepresented at every stage of the educational pipeline (Sólorzano et al., 2005). Research opportunities—in addition to culturally relevant programming, mentorship, professional development, and college funding—have been found to contribute to Latinx students’ understanding, confidence, and awareness of research in college (Russell et al., 2007). While programs such as the Migrant Education Program and the College Assistance Migrant Program exist to support students from migrant farmworker families through their K–12 education and as they transition to college (Mendez & Bauman, 2018; Núñez, 2009, 2017), these programs usually do not include a research component. Applying the rightful presence framework (Calabrese Barton & Tan, 2020), we suggest that undergraduate research programs should seek to expand their focus from simple access and inclusion of Latinx students from farmworker families to their rightful presence in these spaces. Originally developed for classroom instruction, the rightful presence framework proposes three tenets that can inform undergraduate research experiences, particularly those related to farmworker research. These include the ideas that (a) political struggle (e.g., the food and farmworker justice movement) is linked to learning and belonging in the research community; (b) intersections with injustice should be made visible, be oriented toward social change, and amplify learners’ experiences (e.g., lived experience with agricultural injustice can be connected with action research); and (c) disruption of the}, number={1}, journal={Journal of College Student Development}, publisher={Project Muse}, author={Amaresh, Sneha A. and Gámez, Raúl and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2022}, month={Jan}, pages={111–116} }
 @article{leprevost_cofie_bloss_lee_2022, title={Focus groups revealed how community health workers in North Carolina find, verify, and process health information for migrant and seasonal farmworkers}, volume={6}, ISSN={1471-1834 1471-1842}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hir.12445}, DOI={10.1111/hir.12445}, abstractNote={BACKGROUND
Community health workers (CHWs) bridge the gap in health and social services delivery for marginalized communities, providing critical health information to those with limited access to health resources.


OBJECTIVES
The purpose of our study was to understand CHWs' approaches to identifying salient and credible health information for migrant and seasonal farmworkers in rural North Carolina (NC).


METHODS
Two focus group discussions were held with CHWs in eastern NC and one in western NC in February 2020.


RESULTS
CHWs seek health information on chronic health conditions disproportionately experienced by farmworkers such as diabetes and high blood pressure. They search for information from existing resources in their possession, via the internet, and through consultation with health professionals. CHWs also verify the information and transform the content into resources that are accessible to farmworkers.


DISCUSSION
Our findings suggest that CHWs possess a strong set of information literacy skills that could be enhanced through additional training in crediting sources, creating new materials, and organization and storage.


CONCLUSION
This study adds to the very limited body of knowledge about how CHWs seek and transmit information to their communities and sheds light on their information need and literacy abilities.}, journal={Health Information & Libraries Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Cofie, Leslie E. and Bloss, Jamie E. and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{walton_leprevost_hatch_grisle_2021, title={A Comparison of Pesticide Risk Beliefs between Farmers and Farmworkers: Implications for Risk Communication and Education}, volume={26}, ISSN={1059-924X 1545-0813}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2021.1879698}, DOI={10.1080/1059924X.2021.1879698}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Understanding the multi-dimensional risk beliefs of agricultural audiences allows risk communicators and educators to target those beliefs to improve practices. This study was designed to assess pesticide risk beliefs among English-speaking farmers and Spanish-speaking farmworkers and to compare their beliefs. The Pesticide Risk Beliefs Inventory (PRiBI) is a 19-item quantitative instrument used to assess the alignment of risk beliefs with those beliefs of experts in the field. A higher score on the PRiBI relates to an agreement with expert beliefs regarding pesticide risk. Farmers’ and farmworkers’ scores were signficiantly different on items corresponding to the use of physical properties to determine risk and specific adverse health outcomes associated with pesticide exposure. With an understanding that farmworkers rely on the physical properties of pesticides to assess risk, educators and farmers can encourage more reliable ways to assess pesticide hazards.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Agromedicine}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Walton, AnnMarie L. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Hatch, Daniel J. and Grisle, Sonja Y.}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={436–440} }
 @article{leprevost_cope_shen_wrights_2021, title={A New Open-Source Web Application with Animations to Support Learning of Neuron-to-Neuron Signaling}, volume={83}, ISSN={0002-7685 1938-4211}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2021.83.9.600}, DOI={10.1525/abt.2021.83.9.600}, abstractNote={Abstract Pesticides and their associated modes of action serve as real-world examples of chemical toxicity, stimulating student interest and supporting their understanding of nervous system function and cell signaling. An open-source web application called “Neuron-to-Neuron Normal and Toxic Actions” hosts narrated animations of pesticide toxic actions and exists as a resource for instructors of advanced secondary or undergraduate biology courses. This article describes the features of the web application, reports student feedback on the animations, and details a cooperative learning procedure for instructors to use the web application in online learning environments or in-person classroom settings with technology support.}, number={9}, journal={AMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER}, publisher={University of California Press}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Cope, W. Gregory and Shen, Yan and Wrights, Donnie}, year={2021}, pages={593–595} }
 @article{bloss_leprevost_zahra_firnhaber_cofie_zepeda_lee_2021, title={Advancing the Health of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in the United States: Identifying Gaps in the Existing Literature, 2021}, volume={23}, ISSN={1524-8399 1552-6372}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15248399211033308}, DOI={10.1177/15248399211033308}, abstractNote={There are profound health inequities for agricultural workers. We sought to assess the literature on migrant and seasonal farmworker health with an eye toward health promotion interventions, special populations, use of community health workers (CHWs), and technology. We conducted a systematic mapping review by searching five databases in March 2021. Using quantitative content analysis after establishing interrater reliability, we coded titles and abstracts to assess 13 topics and six characteristics of the research such as its focus on health promotion, use of technology, and inclusion of CHWs. We identified 1,083 records. Just 8.2% of records described or evaluated a health promotion effort to intervene in farmworker well-being and even fewer (4.2%) examined unique populations of farmworkers such as indigenous farmworkers (n = 11) or sexual minority farmworkers (n = 1). A small body of literature focused on the role of CHWs or promotores most frequently described their role in implementing health interventions. The literature on farmworker health has gaps regarding health promotion interventions, special populations, and integration of CHWs into research projects. We offer suggestions to fill in identified gaps in the literature.}, number={3}, journal={Health Promotion Practice}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Bloss, Jamie E. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Zahra, Abdul G. and Firnhaber, Gina C. and Cofie, Leslie E. and Zepeda, Ramón and Lee, Joseph G. L.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={432–444} }
 @inproceedings{alexander_dodds_destefano_leprevost_baker_knappe_2021, title={Application of novel nontargeted analytical techniques to identify pesticides, pesticide degradates, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in North Carolina water}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the American Chemical Society’s AGRO Division}, author={Alexander, N.L. and Dodds, J. and DeStefano, N. and LePrevost, C.E. and Baker, E. and Knappe, D.R.U.}, year={2021}, month={Aug} }
 @inproceedings{alexander_leprevost_knappe_2021, title={Assessment and reporting of North Carolina private well water quality}, booktitle={North Carolina Water Resources Research Institute Annual Conference}, author={Alexander, N.L. and LePrevost, C.E. and Knappe, D.R.U.}, year={2021}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{cofie_leprevost_lee_2021, title={Community health workers’ role in addressing farmworker health disparities through education and information resources}, booktitle={University of California Merced Farmworker Health Research Conference}, author={Cofie, L.E. and LePrevost, C.E. and Lee, J.G.L.}, year={2021}, month={Apr} }
 @inproceedings{archambault_leprevost_cope_harrison_2021, title={February). Public understanding of nature's influences on water quality and implications for communicating about ecosystem services}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the North Carolina Chapter of the American Fisheries Society}, author={Archambault, J.M. and LePrevost, C.E. and Cope, W.G. and Harrison, J.L.}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{leprevost_denlea_dong_cope_2021, title={Investigating audience response system technology during pesticide training for farmers}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1750-8622"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224X.2020.1816478}, DOI={10.1080/1389224X.2020.1816478}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Purpose: Audience response system technology has been found to have modest learning and larger non-cognitive impacts on students in traditional secondary and post-secondary learning environments. The impacts of this technology are less understood for learners in informal settings, including for farmers in training provided by extension services. Approach: In this study, we investigated the implementation of audience response systems by Cooperative Extension trainers in five counties in North Carolina during pesticide training for farmers. We quantitatively assessed farmers’ knowledge gains and explored their impressions of the learning environment when audience response systems were used. Findings: Results suggest that audience response technology has similar benefits in farmer pesticide training as those identified during use in traditional educational settings. Education, age, and experience did not affect knowledge gains observed with use of the technology with farmers. Practical Implications: This study supports the use of audience response system technology in farmer training provided by extension services, even for older adults without post-secondary education. Theoretical Implications: As in traditional learning environments, non-cognitive impacts of audience response system use in farmer training appear to be more robust than learning impacts, and the implementation practices of trainers may influence learning outcomes. Originality/Value: This study meets a need to understand the impact of audience response systems on learning outcomes in agricultural and extension learning environments and uses pre-test measures to establish baseline comparisons of control and treatment groups.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION & EXTENSION}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Denlea, Gregory and Dong, Lin and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2021}, pages={73–87} }
 @inbook{burrack_toennisson_leprevost_2021, place={Raleigh, NC}, title={Protecting people and the environment when using pesticides}, booktitle={2021 Guide: Flue-cured tobacco}, publisher={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={Burrack, H.J. and Toennisson, A. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2021} }
 @inproceedings{archambault_leprevost_cope_harrison_2021, title={Public understanding of nature's influences on water quality and implications for communicating about ecosystem services}, booktitle={13th Biennial Symposium of the Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Society}, author={Archambault, J.M. and LePrevost, C.E. and Cope, W.G. and Harrison, J.L.}, year={2021}, month={Apr} }
 @article{gray_leprevost_cope_2020, title={Anglers' Views on Using Signs to Communicate Fish Consumption Advisories}, volume={45}, ISBN={1548-8446}, DOI={10.1002/fsh.10463}, abstractNote={The purpose of this case study was to examine signs as a means of communicating fish consumption advisory information to English- and Spanish-speaking anglers in North Carolina. This study involved a group of stakeholders, including representatives from local and state agencies, non-governmental organizations, and academia, as well as 38 anglers in focus group discussions to learn about their knowledge and beliefs in the context of fishing in polluted waterways, including what they knew about fish consumption advisories and their perceptions of prototype signs. Across groups, participants identified two confusing elements of signs: the allowable number of servings of fish under advisory and distinct consumption recommendations for different subgroups. They recommended streamlined messaging and the use of visuals, lay terms, and locally relevant languages as ways to improve prototype signs. Additionally, participants identified the state wildlife agency as a common source of information about fish safety, more so than signs. These results suggest opportunities for improved communication of advisories, especially to the most at-risk populations.}, number={10}, journal={FISHERIES}, author={Gray, Kathleen M. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={307–316} }
 @article{lee_leprevost_harwell_bloss_cofie_wiggins_firnhaber_2020, title={Coronavirus pandemic highlights critical gaps in rural Internet access for migrant and seasonal farmworkers: a call for partnership with medical libraries}, volume={108}, ISSN={["1536-5050"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.5195/jmla.2020.1045}, DOI={10.5195/jmla.2020.1045}, abstractNote={Migrant and seasonal farmworkers, who are essential workers in the coronavirus global public health emergency, face unique risks to their health as well as longstanding health inequities. This commentary highlights these risks and argues that Internet access represents an underappreciated but critical part of the public health response. The authors first discuss the unique risks farmworkers face. We note the importance of Internet access in the time of physical distancing, the fact that many health outreach workers are no longer visiting camps, the need for telemedicine infrastructure, and the role of Internet access in providing connections to families in communities of origin. We describe existing efforts that have been implemented in North Carolina to raise awareness among public health and health promotion practitioners and researchers. The current coronavirus pandemic demands the attention of medical libraries, public health practitioners, and policy makers to address the digital divide for farmworkers and their families.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION}, publisher={University Library System, University of Pittsburgh}, author={Lee, Joseph G. L. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Harwell, Emery L. and Bloss, Jamie E. and Cofie, Leslie E. and Wiggins, Melinda F. and Firnhaber, Gina C.}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={651–655} }
 @inbook{burrack_toennisson_leprevost_2020, place={Raleigh, NC}, title={Protecting people and the environment when using pesticides}, booktitle={2020 Guide: Flue-cured tobacco}, publisher={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={Burrack, H.J. and Toennisson, A. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2020} }
 @inproceedings{walton_leprevost_2020, title={Use of handwipe sampling to measure pesticide residues among farmworkers: A feasibility study}, booktitle={Annual International Society for Agricultural Safety and Health Conference}, author={Walton, A.L. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2020}, month={Jun} }
 @article{walton_leprevost_thomas_johnson rockers_lipscomb_2019, title={A handwashing educational toolkit: The product of a dynamic partnership among a student, faculty member, and community organization}, volume={23}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement}, author={Walton, A.L. and LePrevost, C.E. and Thomas, G. and Johnson Rockers, M. and Lipscomb, A.}, year={2019}, pages={108–116} }
 @inproceedings{gray_blanchard_leprevost_2019, title={Informal educators’ environmental health knowledge and teaching beliefs: Implications for communicating fish consumption advisories}, booktitle={International bi-annual meeting of the European Science Educators Research Association}, author={Gray, K.M. and Blanchard, M.R. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2019}, month={Aug} }
 @inbook{burrack_toennisson_leprevost_2019, place={Raleigh, NC}, title={Protecting people and the environment when using pesticides}, booktitle={2019 Guide: Flue-cured tobacco}, publisher={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={Burrack, H.J. and Toennisson, A. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2019} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_cope_storm_joyner_tutor-marcom_2018, title={An analysis of implementation of the AgriSafe-Certified Safe Farm program in North Carolina: Implications for adoption by other states}, booktitle={Annual North American Agricultural Safety Summit of the Agricultural Safety and Health Council of America}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Cope, W.G. and Storm, J.F. and Joyner, S.L. and Tutor-Marcom, R.}, year={2018} }
 @inproceedings{walton_leprevost_lipscomb_thomas_2018, title={Best practices for engaging farmworker health outreach workers in research}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the Southern Nursing Research Society}, author={Walton, A.L. and LePrevost, C.E. and Lipscomb, A. and Thomas, G.}, year={2018}, month={Mar} }
 @article{storm_leprevost_arellano_cope_2018, title={Certified Safe Farm Implementation in North Carolina: Hazards, Safety Improvements, and Economic Incentives}, volume={23}, ISSN={1059-924X 1545-0813}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2018.1508395}, DOI={10.1080/1059924X.2018.1508395}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Objectives: Certified Safe Farm (CSF) is a multimodal intervention composed of four components: safety, health, education, and economic incentive. North Carolina has conducted the largest implementation of CSF outside of the Midwestern United States where it was developed. This paper describes the Efficacy dimension of the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework for the implementation of CSF in North Carolina during 2009–2012 on 113 farms in a three-county, highly productive and diverse agricultural area. Methods: Using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlational analyses, and logistic regression, quantitative data were examined from on-farm safety reviews, as well as primary operators’ use of cost-share funds as an economic incentive (34% participation) to make identified safety and health improvements on the farm. Results: Overall farm safety review scores were generally high (96% passing rate). Category scores revealed hazards in seven key categories: Chemical Storage; Tractors; Machine Shop, Repair Area; Gravity Flow, Auger, and Forage Wagons; Portable Augers; Dairy and Beef Structures; and Swine and Poultry Structures. The cost-share economic incentive component was utilized in addressing hazards in five of these categories, as well as in nine others. The average per farm cost-share reimbursement was $3,276, with a median of $1,615. In total, an investment of $255,307 (farmer investment plus incentive) was made in safety and health improvements on farms (n = 38). Correlation and logistic regression analyses revealed no significant relationships among scores, cost-share investments, and selected farm demographics. Conclusion: Findings suggest the 50% cost-share for safety and health improvements is a promising economic incentive model for CSF implementation.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Agromedicine}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Storm, Julia F. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Arellano, Consuelo and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2018}, month={Sep}, pages={381–392} }
 @article{leprevost_walton_thomas_lipscomb_2018, title={Engaging outreach workers in the development of a farmworker health research agenda}, volume={165}, ISSN={["1096-0953"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.041}, DOI={10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.041}, abstractNote={Farmworker health outreach workers have not traditionally been involved in the prioritization and design of research studies. This report from the field shares the results of a survey administered to outreach workers providing health services to farmworkers in North Carolina. Priority areas of research and best practices for engaged research are presented from the perspective of the outreach worker community. The purposeful involvement of outreach workers can make farmworker health research more meaningful and solution-oriented.}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Walton, AnnMarie Lee and Thomas, Gayle and Lipscomb, Allison}, year={2018}, month={Aug}, pages={19–22} }
 @article{dugger-webster_leprevost_2018, title={Following Pesticide Labels: A Continued Journey Toward User Comprehension and Safe Use}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2018.03.004}, DOI={10.1016/j.coesh.2018.03.004}, abstractNote={Judicious pesticide use positively impacts the lives of billions of people globally, and pesticide labels are designed to guide users as they make applications so adverse effects on human health and the environment are minimal. However, lack of understanding of pesticide labels diminishes their effectiveness and, ultimately, safe use of pesticides. This literature review focuses on studies published 2015–2017 and finds that label characteristics; regulatory systems; and user demographics, perceptions and lived experience, technical knowledge, training and education on pesticides, and trusted sources of pesticide information all impact how users follow a label. Based on these findings, recommendations are made on ways to improve user understanding. Opportunities are highlighted for pesticides stakeholders—industry, government, academia, and, importantly, the user—to work together to improve safe use of pesticidal tools.}, journal={Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health}, author={Dugger-Webster, Amy and LePrevost, Catherine E.}, year={2018}, month={Apr} }
 @inbook{burrack_toennisson_leprevost_2018, place={Raleigh, NC}, title={Protecting people and the environment when using pesticides}, booktitle={2018 Guide: Flue-cured tobacco}, publisher={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={Burrack, H.J. and Toennisson, A. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2018} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_walton_thomas_lipscomb_2018, title={Research to practice: A handwashing educational toolkit for Spanish-speaking farmworkers}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the International Society for Agricultural Safety and Health}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Walton, A.L. and Thomas, G. and Lipscomb, A.}, year={2018}, month={Jun} }
 @article{persaud_leprevost_2018, title={Risk Perceptions and Barriers to Protective Behavior Use Among Chemical Tank Cleaners: An Exploratory Study}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1573-6547"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10935-018-0527-6}, abstractNote={Chemical tank cleaners' occupational diseases and injuries are largely unknown due to a lack of monitoring and limited research. Their potential exposure to highly corrosive chemicals-including sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide, and ferric chloride-suggests that tank cleaners represent an at-risk occupational group. This pilot study explored tank cleaners' risk perceptions and barriers to using personal protective equipment and other protective behaviors in their workplace. Data sources included a survey (n = 29) and interviews (n = 9) with sodium hypochlorite tank cleaners in the United States. Although sodium hypochlorite may become reactive under high temperatures, 12 questionnaire respondents indicated not being concerned about high temperatures within the tank, and 15 were not concerned about exposure via ingestion. Analyses of survey and interview results provide evidence of inadequate training among tank cleaners, their lack of understanding of basic chemical properties and routes of exposure, and limited access to and an incomplete understanding of how to properly use personal protective equipment, particularly respiratory protection. These findings can inform researchers, educators, and safety engineers in developing future studies, interventions, and training to improve tank cleaners' health and safety.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION}, author={Persaud, Eric and LePrevost, Catherine}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={611–618} }
 @article{johnson_leprevost_kwak_cope_2018, title={Selenium, Mercury, and Their Molar Ratio in Sportfish from Drinking Water Reservoirs}, volume={15}, ISSN={1660-4601}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091864}, DOI={10.3390/ijerph15091864}, abstractNote={Mercury (Hg) bioaccumulates in aquatic ecosystems and may pose a risk to humans who consume fish. Selenium (Se) has the ability to reduce Hg toxicity, but the current guidance for human consumption of fish is based on Hg concentration alone. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between Se and Hg in freshwater sportfish, for which there is a paucity of existing data. We collected three species of fish from different trophic positions from two drinking water reservoirs in central North Carolina, USA, to assess Hg and Se concentrations in relation to fish total length and to compare two measures of the protective ability of Se, the Se:Hg molar ratio and Se health benefit value (HBVSe), to current guidance for Hg. According to the Se:Hg molar ratio, all of the low trophic position fish sampled and the middle trophic position fish sampled from one of the reservoirs were safe for consumption. The same number of fish were considered safe using the HBVSe. More fish were deemed unsafe when using the Se:Hg molar ratio and HBVSe than were considered unsafe when using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Hg threshold. These findings suggest that the measures of Se protection may be unnecessarily conservative or that the USEPA Hg threshold may not be sufficiently protective of human health, especially the health of sensitive populations like pregnant or nursing mothers and young children. Future examination of the Se:Hg molar ratio and HBVSe from a variety of fish tissue samples would help refine the accuracy of these measures so that they may be appropriately utilized in ecological and human health risk assessment.}, number={9}, journal={International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Johnson, Tara and LePrevost, Catherine and Kwak, Thomas and Cope, W.}, year={2018}, month={Aug}, pages={1864} }
 @article{powell_cope_leprevost_augspurger_mccarthy_shea_2017, title={A Retrospective Analysis of Agricultural Herbicides in Surface Water Reveals Risk Plausibility for Declines in Submerged Aquatic Vegetation}, volume={5}, ISSN={["2305-6304"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics5030021}, DOI={10.3390/toxics5030021}, abstractNote={The Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System (APES) is the second largest estuarine system within the mainland of the United States and is estimated to have lost about half of its submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) over the past several decades. The issue of herbicide runoff and subsequent toxic effects to SAV is important because of the extensive agricultural production that occurs in the APES region. The aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of herbicide influx to waters of the APES region during the time period of documented SAV declines and to compare the measured concentrations to SAV toxicity thresholds and changes in agricultural land use. Surface water grab samples were collected at 26 sites in the APES region during May through July 2000. The most consistently measured herbicides were alachlor, atrazine, and metolachlor with geometric mean concentrations ranging from 29 to 2463 ng/L for alachlor, 14 to 7171 ng/L for atrazine, and 17 to 5866 ng/L for metolachlor. Concentrations of alachlor, atrazine, and metolachlor measured in water samples from the APES region in 2000 exceeded several of the established benchmarks, standards, or guidelines for protection of aquatic plants. Although this evaluation was of point-in-time herbicide samples (year 2000) and not analyzed for all possible herbicides used at the time, they were taken during the period of SAV declines, reveal the plausibility of exposure risk to SAV, and suggest that herbicide runoff should be studied along with other variables that influence SAV growth and distribution in future studies.}, number={3}, journal={TOXICS}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Powell, Kelly W. and Cope, W. Gregory and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Augspurger, Tom and McCarthy, Annette M. and Shea, Damian}, year={2017}, month={Sep} }
 @article{walton_leprevost_linnan_sanchez-birkhead_mooney_2017, title={Benefits, Facilitators, Barriers, and Strategies to Improve Pesticide Protective Behaviors: Insights from Farmworkers in North Carolina Tobacco Fields}, volume={14}, ISSN={1660-4601}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070677}, DOI={10.3390/ijerph14070677}, abstractNote={Pesticide exposure is associated with deleterious health effects. Prior studies suggest Latino farmworkers perceive little control over their occupational health. Using the Health Belief Model as a theoretical guide, we explored the perceptions of Latino farmworkers working in tobacco in North Carolina (n = 72) about benefits and facilitators of pesticide protective behaviors as well as barriers, and strategies to overcome barriers to their use. Interviews were conducted with participants at farmworker housing during non-work time. Qualitative data were analyzed using ATLAS.ti. Farmworkers recognized pesticide protective behaviors as helping them to not get sick and stay healthy. Farmworkers perceived work experience as facilitating protective behaviors. Wetness in the field was the most commonly cited barrier to protective behavior use. To overcome this barrier, farmworkers suggested use of water-resistant outerwear, as well as packing a change of clothes for mid-day, with space and time to change provided by employers. Examination of the efficacy and feasibility of farmworkers’ suggestions for addressing barriers is warranted. Training and behavior modeling by experienced peers may improve behavior adoption and perceived control.}, number={7}, journal={International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Walton, AnnMarie and LePrevost, Catherine and Linnan, Laura and Sanchez-Birkhead, Ana and Mooney, Kathi}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={677} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_walton_thomas_lipscomb_2017, title={Engaging outreach workers in developing a farmworker health research agenda}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the Engagement Scholarship Consortium}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Walton, A.L. and Thomas, G. and Lipscomb, A.}, year={2017}, month={Sep} }
 @inproceedings{joyner_cope_leprevost_storm_tutor-marcom_2017, title={Expansion of the AgriSafe-Certified Safe Farm Program in North Carolina: Lessons learned and future opportunities}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the International Society for Agricultural Safety and Health}, author={Joyner, S.L. and Cope, W.G. and LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Tutor-Marcom, R.}, year={2017}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{hoppin_leprevost_2017, title={Pesticides and Human Health}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119255574.ch11}, DOI={10.1002/9781119255574.ch11}, abstractNote={Pesticides are important agents for crop management and vector control. While these agents play a critical role in the global economy, they are not without potential human health effects. The health effects of pesticides can arise from acute high-dose exposures that result in poisonings as well as chronic low-level exposure associated with standard agricultural practice. Although pesticides undergo rigorous premarket toxicity testing with regard to carcinogenicity and reproductive health effects, these tests do not capture the full range of chronic diseases. As a result, the human health effects of specific chemicals cannot be fully understood until years after they are released into the environment. Large prospective studies of farmers provide insight into these potential health effects by focusing on specific pesticides, rather than pesticides as a group. Chronic health effects associated with specific pesticides include cancer, neurological disease, respiratory outcomes and diabetes. While most data are available on the oldest chemicals, these chemicals continue to be used in developing countries with potentially less training in worker protection. This chapter highlights some of the data on the human health effects of specific pesticides observed in studies from around the world and makes recommendations for safe handling of pesticides to reduce exposures.}, journal={Environmental Pest Management}, publisher={John Wiley & Sons, Ltd}, author={Hoppin, Jane A. and LePrevost, Catherine E.}, year={2017}, month={Aug}, pages={249–273} }
 @article{walton_leprevost_wong_linnan_sanchez-birkhead_mooney_2017, title={Pesticides: Perceived Threat and Protective Behaviors Among Latino Farmworkers}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1545-0813"]}, DOI={10.1080/1059924x.2017.1283278}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge and beliefs of 72 Latino farmworkers in North Carolina about the threat of health effects of pesticides, including cancer. It sought to explore relationships between threat perceptions and pesticide protective behaviors observed in the field. Methods/Results: Utilizing stepwise multiple regression, the authors found that years worked in agriculture in the United States was associated with decreased use of protective clothing. Conclusion: Pesticide protective behaviors in the field may be improved by utilizing moderately experienced farmworkers (<10 years) as lay advisors to reinforce training.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE}, author={Walton, AnnMarie Lee and LePrevost, Catherine and Wong, Bob and Linnan, Laura and Sanchez-Birkhead, Ana and Mooney, Kathi}, year={2017}, pages={140–147} }
 @inbook{burrack_toennisson_leprevost_2017, place={Raleigh, NC}, title={Protecting people and the environment when using pesticides}, booktitle={2017 Guide: Flue-cured tobacco}, publisher={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={Burrack, H.J. and Toennisson, A. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2017} }
 @article{storm_leprevost_tutor-marcom_cope_2016, title={Adapting Certified Safe Farm to North Carolina Agriculture: An Implementation Study}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1545-0813"]}, DOI={10.1080/1059924x.2016.1180273}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Certified Safe Farm (CSF) is a multimodal safety and health program developed and assessed through multiple controlled intervention studies in Iowa. Although developed with the intent to be broadly applicable to agriculture, CSF has not been widely implemented outside the midwestern United States. This article describes the CSF implementation process in North Carolina (NC), as piloted on a large-scale in three agriculturally diverse and productive counties of NC, and reports its effectiveness using the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Implementation involved (1) capacity building through safety and health training, (2) adaptation of components of Iowa’s CSF model to NC agriculture, (3) marketing and recruitment, and (4) formative evaluation, including an online survey and focus group discussion. From 2009 to 2012, 113 farms participated in at least one component of the CSF intervention, representing a NC farm participation rate of 3.1% in the study area. A major adaptation of NC implementation was the utilization of NC Cooperative Extension as the local driver of implementation in contrast to local AgriSafe clinics in Iowa. The most innovative adaptation to CSF components was the development of a defined economic incentive in the form of a cost-share program. The RE-AIM framework was found to be useful and relevant to the field of agricultural health and safety translational research. This study provides effectiveness measures and implementation alternatives useful for those considering implementing CSF. It informs current efforts to move CSF from research to practice through the National Sustainable Model CSF Program initiative.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE}, author={Storm, Julia F. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Tutor-Marcom, Robin and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2016}, pages={269–283} }
 @article{gutierrez_leprevost_2016, title={Climate justice in rural Southeastern United states: A review of climate change impacts and effects on human health}, volume={13}, DOI={10.3390/ijerph13020189}, abstractNote={Climate justice is a local, national, and global movement to protect at-risk populations who are disproportionately affected by climate change. The social context for this review is the Southeastern region of the United States, which is particularly susceptible to climate change because of the geography of the area and the vulnerabilities of the inhabiting populations. Negative human health effects on variable and vulnerable populations within the Southeast region due to changing climate are concerning, as health threats are not expected to produce parallel effects among all individuals. Vulnerable communities, such as communities of color, indigenous people, the geographically isolated, and those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged and already experiencing poor environmental quality, are least able to respond and adapt to climate change. Focusing on vulnerable populations in the Southeastern United States, this review is a synthesis of the recent (2010 to 2015) literature-base on the health effects connected to climate change. This review also addresses local and regional mitigation and adaptation strategies for citizens and leaders to combat direct and indirect human health effects related to a changing climate.}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, author={Gutierrez, K. S. and LePrevost, C. E.}, year={2016}, pages={189} }
 @inproceedings{may_leprevost_2016, title={Identifying and responding to elevated toxic metals in a North Carolina community}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the Engagement Scholarship Consortium}, author={May, K. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2016}, month={Oct} }
 @article{blanchard_leprevost_tolin_gutierrez_2016, title={Investigating Technology-Enhanced Teacher Professional Development in Rural, High-Poverty Middle Schools}, volume={45}, ISSN={0013-189X 1935-102X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0013189X16644602}, DOI={10.3102/0013189x16644602}, abstractNote={This 3-year, mixed-methods study investigated the effects of teacher technology-enhanced professional development (TPD) on 20 teachers’ beliefs and practices. Teachers in two middle schools located in neighboring rural, high-poverty districts in the southeastern United States participated in reform-based lessons and learned how to integrate technologies into their teaching over three summers and throughout the school year. Mathematics and science assessment scores for 2,321 students both with and without TPD teachers were analyzed over the 3 years of teacher TPD. Teachers’ reform-based teaching beliefs and their comfort using new technologies increased significantly, and all of the teachers integrated the use of technologies into their instruction. Although some TPD teachers used technology in ways that transformed their roles and classroom practices, the majority of the teachers adopted technology in ways that improved efficiency and effectiveness. African American students who had more TPD teachers over more years experienced significant gains on end-of-grade mathematics and science tests. Findings suggest that if teachers integrate technology into their instruction, large-scale changes in teachers’ practices are not necessary to enhance students’ learning, particularly for African American students.}, number={3}, journal={Educational Researcher}, publisher={American Educational Research Association (AERA)}, author={Blanchard, Margaret R. and LePrevost, Catherine E. and Tolin, A. Dell and Gutierrez, Kristie S.}, year={2016}, month={Apr}, pages={207–220} }
 @article{walton_leprevost_wong_linnan_sanchez-birkhead_mooney_2016, title={Observed and self-reported pesticide protective behaviors of Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers}, volume={147}, ISSN={0013-9351}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.020}, DOI={10.1016/j.envres.2016.02.020}, abstractNote={Agricultural pesticide exposure has potential adverse health effects for farmworkers that may be reduced by pesticide protective behaviors (PPBs). The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Worker Protection Standard (WPS) requires PPBs be taught to farmworkers prior to field work. Studies to date have not utilized observational methods to evaluate the degree to which PPBs are practiced by Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the United States. The purpose of this study was to describe, compare, and contrast observed and self-reported PPBs used by Latino farmworkers; both PPBs that the WPS requires be taught and other PPBs were included. Observed and self-reported data were collected from 71 Latino farmworkers during the 2014 tobacco growing season in North Carolina. Participants were consistent in reporting and using long pants and closed shoes in the field most of the time. In addition, gloves, hats/bandanas, and water-resistant outerwear were frequently observed, although they are not required to be taught by the WPS. Farmworkers reported more long-sleeve (p=.028) and glove use (p=.000) than what was observed. It was uncommon to observe washing behavior before eating or drinking, even when washing supplies were available. Washing behaviors were significantly overreported for hand (p=.000; p=.000) and face (p=.000; p=.058) washing before eating and drinking in the field. This study documents that protective clothing behaviors that the WPS requires be taught, plus a few others are commonly practiced by Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers, but washing behaviors in the field are not. Targeted strategies to improve washing behaviors in the field are needed.}, journal={Environmental Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Walton, AnnMarie Lee and LePrevost, Catherine and Wong, Bob and Linnan, Laura and Sanchez-Birkhead, Ana and Mooney, Kathi}, year={2016}, month={May}, pages={275–283} }
 @inproceedings{walton_leprevost_2016, title={Observed and self-reported pesticide protective behaviors of Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the International Society for Agricultural Safety and Health}, author={Walton, A.L. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2016}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{gray_cope_leprevost_may_linehan_2016, title={Subsistence anglers and other at-risk consumers of freshwater fish: tools for communicating consumption advisories}, booktitle={Joint Meeting of the North Carolina and Virginia Chapters of the American Fisheries Society}, author={Gray, K.M. and Cope, W.G. and LePrevost, C.E. and May, K. and Linehan, K.}, year={2016}, month={Mar} }
 @book{balanay_baynes_feitshans_greer_langley_leprevost_o’rourke_slenning_storm_tutor-marcom_et al._2015, place={Raleigh, North Carolina}, title={Dictionary of Agromedicine}, publisher={North Carolina Agromedicine Institute and North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service}, author={Balanay, J.A.G. and Baynes, R.E. and Feitshans, T.A. and Greer, A.G. and Langley, R.L. and LePrevost, C.E. and O’Rourke, D. and Slenning, B.D. and Storm, J.F. and Tutor-Marcom, R. and et al.}, editor={Hodgson, E. and Cope, W.G.Editors}, year={2015} }
 @inproceedings{blanchard_leprevost_tolin_gutierrez_2015, title={Does adding technology matter?: Results of a three-year study with 2300 underrepresented middle school students}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association}, author={Blanchard, M.R. and LePrevost, C.E. and Tolin, D. and Gutierrez, K.S.}, year={2015}, month={Apr} }
 @inproceedings{blanchard_leprevost_tolin_gutierrez_2015, title={How does a three-year technology-infused teacher professional development program impact the science and mathematics achievement scores of 2300 students in two rural, high poverty middle schools?}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the Association for Science Teacher Education}, author={Blanchard, M.R. and LePrevost, C.E. and Tolin, D. and Gutierrez, K.S.}, year={2015}, month={Jan} }
 @inproceedings{blanchard_leprevost_tolin_gutierrez_2015, title={Technology implementation, affect, and assessment scores: A three-year study with 2300 underrepresented middle school students}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching}, author={Blanchard, M.R. and LePrevost, C.E. and Tolin, D. and Gutierrez, K.S.}, year={2015}, month={Apr} }
 @inproceedings{blanchard_leprevost_tolin_gutierrez_2014, title={Achievement results of 2300 high poverty students following three years of technology-infused teacher PD}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the Mid-Atlantic Association for Science Teacher Education}, author={Blanchard, M.R. and LePrevost, C.E. and Tolin, D. and Gutierrez, K.S.}, year={2014}, month={Sep} }
 @article{leprevost_storm_asuaje_arellano_cope_2014, title={Assessing the Effectiveness of the Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit: A Curriculum for Enhancing Farmworkers' Understanding of Pesticide Safety Concepts}, volume={19}, ISSN={["1545-0813"]}, DOI={10.1080/1059924x.2014.886538}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Among agricultural workers, migrant and seasonal farmworkers have been recognized as a special risk population because these laborers encounter cultural challenges and linguistic barriers while attempting to maintain their safety and health within their working environments. The crop-specific Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit (Toolkit) is a pesticide safety and health curriculum designed to communicate to farmworkers pesticide hazards commonly found in their working environments and to address Worker Protection Standard (WPS) pesticide training criteria for agricultural workers. The goal of this preliminary study was to test evaluation items for measuring knowledge increases among farmworkers and to assess the effectiveness of the Toolkit in improving farmworkers’ knowledge of key WPS and risk communication concepts when the Toolkit lesson was delivered by trained trainers in the field. After receiving training on the curriculum, four participating trainers provided lessons using the Toolkit as part of their regular training responsibilities and orally administered a pre- and post-lesson evaluation instrument to 20 farmworker volunteers who were generally representative of the national farmworker population. Farmworker knowledge of pesticide safety messages significantly (P < .05) increased after participation in the lesson. Further, items with visual alternatives were found to be most useful in discriminating between more and less knowledgeable farmworkers. The pilot study suggests that the Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit is an effective, research-based pesticide safety and health intervention for the at-risk farmworker population and identifies a testing format appropriate for evaluating the Toolkit and other similar interventions for farmworkers in the field.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Storm, Julia F. and Asuaje, Cesar R. and Arellano, Consuelo and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2014}, pages={96–102} }
 @article{leprevost_blanchard_cope_2014, title={Personal Goals and Perceived Barriers of Farmworker Pesticide Trainers: Implications for Workplace Safety and Health}, volume={20}, ISSN={1074-7583 1943-7846}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/jash.20.10528}, DOI={10.13031/jash.20.10528}, abstractNote={Abstract. Farmworkers are an at-risk occupational group, frequently exposed to pesticides in their working and living environments. Pesticide training for farmworkers is federally mandated, but little is known about the farmworker trainers who provide or supplement the training. Using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, this qualitative study explored a sample of pesticide trainers (n = 45) in North Carolina. A conceptual framework that recognizes the trainer as a “person-in-context” guided an examination of trainers’ goals and perceived constraints. Findings indicated that five types of organizations provide pesticide training. Individuals from these organizations have shared goals to reduce exposure and ensure health for farmworkers. Trainers identified practical constraints (time, farmworker physical and mental state, physical setting, institutional factors, training, and curricular materials) as restricting goal attainment. This study improves understanding of pesticide trainers and the context of pesticide training, guiding future interventions. Further, it suggests that the congruence of trainers’ goals provides a foundation for future collaborations to better meet farmworkers’ needs.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health}, publisher={American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Blanchard, M.R. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={267–282} }
 @article{leprevost_storm_asuaje_cope_2014, title={The "Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit" : An Innovative Model for Developing an Evidence-Informed Program for a Low-Literacy, Latino Immigrant Audience}, volume={52}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C.R. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2014}, month={Jun}, pages={3IAW8} }
 @article{addy_leprevost_stevenson_2014, title={Thinking Critically in Undergraduate Biology: Flipping the Classroom and Problem-Based Learning}, volume={2}, ISSN={2372-7497}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.37514/dbh-j.2014.2.1.09}, DOI={10.37514/dbh-j.2014.2.1.09}, abstractNote={Over the last seven years, I have spent time across three continents talking to scientists and mathematicians about their beliefs and attitudes and experiences related to writing in their respective disciplines.I have been impressed by the passion and insight with which most have talked about writing and its relationship to critical thinking, and I have often been surprised by how they engage in these practices.For example, rather than working from an a priori hypothesis, many researchers in the STEM disciplines compose backwards, from the results to the introduction.And when reading, many seem to move from the middle of a paper outwards, beginning with the results and method, using an extremely critical eye, and then perhaps scanning out to the introduction and the discussion, or dispensing with these sections altogether.Over and over again, I heard this same story from different scientists, as if it were a secret each alone had stumbled upon.In addition, collaboration, conversation and peer review are very much part of the language of composition that takes place in the sciences (co-authorship, the hierarchies of disciplinary or interdisciplinary teams, the drafting process and the use of technology), but we who work in WID (writing in the disciplines) and WAC (writing across the curriculum) programs are constantly challenged: "How do we teach process in ways that are disciplinarily appropriate?"Historically, we haven't done this well.As Burton and Morgan observed on the training of mathematicians as writers,}, number={1}, journal={Double Helix: A Journal of Critical Thinking and Writing}, publisher={The WAC Clearinghouse}, author={Addy, Tracie Marcella. and LePrevost, Catherine and Stevenson, Maura}, year={2014}, pages={1–9} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_cope_2013, title={Assessing the effectiveness of audience response system technology in pesticide applicator training}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the International Society for Agricultural Safety and Health}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2013}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_asuaje_arellano_cope_2013, title={Assessing the effectiveness of the Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit: A curriculum for enhancing farmworkers’ understanding of pesticide safety concepts}, booktitle={Annual North American Agricultural Safety Summit}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C.R. and Arellano, C. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2013}, month={Sep} }
 @article{leprevost_blanchard_cope_2013, title={Beliefs of science educators who teach pesticide risk to farmworkers}, volume={8}, number={4}, journal={International Journal of Environmental and Science Education}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Blanchard, M.R. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2013}, pages={587–609} }
 @article{leprevost_gray_hernandez-pelletier_bouma_arellano_cope_2013, title={Need for Improved Risk Communication of Fish Consumption Advisories to Protect Maternal and Child Health: Influence of Primary Informants}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1660-4601"]}, DOI={10.3390/ijerph10051720}, abstractNote={Fish consumption has established benefits, including the promotion of cardiovascular health and pre- and neonatal brain and eye development, but local freshwater fish may be a source of contaminants that are especially harmful to fetuses and young children, such as the neurotoxic and developmentally toxic methylmercury and polychlorinated biphenyls. Fish consumption advisories may be issued by state health departments to limit human exposure to these and other toxicants. This study examined the efficacy of a sign designed by the North Carolina Division of Public Health that was posted along a reservoir (Badin Lake) in central North Carolina, USA, for increasing anglers’ awareness of a fish consumption advisory, with a special focus on anglers who share their catch with women and children. In this study, 109 anglers were interviewed about their awareness of fish consumption advisories in general and their knowledge of the Badin Lake fish advisory in particular. Shore anglers were significantly less likely to be aware of the term “fish consumption advisory” and of the specific advisory for Badin Lake than boat anglers. Although a significant increase in knowledge of the specific fish consumption advisory was found for the entire sample of study participants after the sign intervention, a commensurate increase in knowledge was not found for a subsample of anglers who reported sharing their catch with women and children. Study findings underscore differences in fish consumption advisory awareness among subpopulations. Specifically, the study revealed the importance of characterizing the communication needs of shore anglers and anglers who share their catch with sensitive subpopulations (e.g., women and children) for the creation of more targeted communications of fish consumption advisories.}, number={5}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Gray, Kathleen M. and Hernandez-Pelletier, Mercedes and Bouma, Brennan D. and Arellano, Consuelo and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2013}, month={May}, pages={1720–1734} }
 @inbook{burrack_leprevost_2013, place={Raleigh, NC}, title={Protecting people and the environment when using pesticides}, booktitle={2013 Guide: Flue-cured tobacco}, publisher={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={Burrack, H.J. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2013} }
 @article{leprevost_storm_blanchard_asuaje_cope_2012, title={Engaging Latino Farmworkers in the Development of Symbols to Improve Pesticide Safety and Health Education and Risk Communication}, volume={15}, ISSN={1557-1912 1557-1920}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-012-9685-4}, DOI={10.1007/s10903-012-9685-4}, abstractNote={The working and living environments of farmworkers put them and their families at risk for pesticide exposure and, consequently, immediate and long-term health effects. In this study, visual materials for a pesticide toxicology safety and health curriculum were constructed by engaging farmworkers in various stages of symbol development. Twenty-seven farmworkers in two states participated in this descriptive case study through focused small group discussions and interviews. Our findings support the importance of vivid and realistic symbols, the effectiveness of a traffic-light symbol in communicating technical information to farmworkers, and the need to engage low-literacy end-users in the production of educational materials. This work informs the development of curricula for other vulnerable populations pertaining to a variety of health-related topics, as well as discussions surrounding regulatory proposals to revise the United States Worker Protection Standard.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Storm, Julia F. and Blanchard, Margaret R. and Asuaje, Cesar R. and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2012}, month={Jul}, pages={975–981} }
 @inbook{burrack_leprevost_2012, place={Raleigh, NC}, title={Protecting people and the environment when using pesticides}, booktitle={2012 Guide: Flue-cured tobacco}, publisher={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={Burrack, H.J. and LePrevost, C.E.}, year={2012} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_babbs_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for Christmas trees}, number={AG-Med-16 and -17}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Babbs, D. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_miller_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for apples}, number={AG-Med-18 and -19}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Miller, G. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_miller_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for bell peppers}, number={AG-Med-11 and -12}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Miller, G. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_miller_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for blueberries}, number={AG-Med-27 and -28}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Miller, G. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_miller_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for cucumbers}, number={AG-Med-13 and -14}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Miller, G. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_miller_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for grapes}, number={AG-Med-20 and -21}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Miller, G. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_miller_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for landscape and turfgrass}, number={AG-Med-29 and -30}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Miller, G. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_miller_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for strawberries}, number={AG-Med-31 and -32}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Miller, G. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_babbs_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for sweetpotatoes}, number={AG-Med-09 and -10}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Babbs, D. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_babbs_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for tobacco}, number={AG-Med-07 and -08}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Babbs, D. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @book{leprevost_storm_asuaje_babbs_bunch_cope_2011, place={Raleigh, NC}, series={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively}, title={Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for tomatoes}, number={AG-Med-22 and -23}, institution={North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C. and Babbs, D. and Bunch, B. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, collection={includes English and Spanish curricula, respectively} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_blanchard_cope_2011, title={Quantifying informal science educators' beliefs about pesticide risk: Development of the Pesticide Risk Belief Inventory}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Blanchard, M.R. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, month={Mar} }
 @article{leprevost_blanchard_cope_2011, title={The Pesticide Risk Beliefs Inventory: A Quantitative Instrument for the Assessment of Beliefs about Pesticide Risks}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1660-4601"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79959827031&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3390/ijerph8061923}, abstractNote={Recent media attention has focused on the risks that agricultural pesticides pose to the environment and human health; thus, these topics provide focal areas for scientists and science educators to enhance public understanding of basic toxicology concepts. This study details the development of a quantitative inventory to gauge pesticide risk beliefs. The goal of the inventory was to characterize misconceptions and knowledge gaps, as well as expert-like beliefs, concerning pesticide risk. This study describes the development and field testing of the Pesticide Risk Beliefs Inventory with an important target audience: pesticide educators in a southeastern U.S. state. The 19-item, Likert-type inventory was found to be psychometrically sound with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.780 and to be a valuable tool in capturing pesticide educators’ beliefs about pesticide risk, assessing beliefs in four key categories. The Pesticide Risk Beliefs Inventory could be useful in exploring beliefs about pesticide risks and in guiding efforts to address misconceptions held by a variety of formal and informal science learners, educators, practitioners, the agricultural labor force, and the general public.}, number={6}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH}, author={LePrevost, Catherine E. and Blanchard, Margaret R. and Cope, W. Gregory}, year={2011}, month={Jun}, pages={1923–1935} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_cope_2011, title={The Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit: Designed to enhance farmworker pesticide safety training}, booktitle={Biennial Pesticide Applicator Certification & Training Workshop}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2011}, month={Aug} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_blanchard_asuaje_harris_cope_2010, title={Development of visual and interactive materials for educating Latino farmworkers about pesticide risks}, booktitle={Agricultural Safety and Health Council of America/National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health joint national conference "Be Safe, Be Profitable: Protecting Workers in Agriculture,"}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Blanchard, M.R. and Asuaje, C.R. and Harris, K.G. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2010}, month={Jan} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_blanchard_asuaje_harris_cope_2010, title={The Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit: A crop-specific, interactive educational package}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the National Institute for Farm Safety}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Blanchard, M.R. and Asuaje, C.R. and Harris, K.G. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2010}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_blanchard_storm_asuaje_cope_2010, title={The importance of visual materials for educating Latino farmworkers about pesticide risks}, booktitle={Annual meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Blanchard, M.R. and Storm, J.F. and Asuaje, C.R. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2010}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_blanchard_asuaje_harris_cope_2009, title={Development of visual and interactive materials for educating Latino farmworkers about pesticide risks}, booktitle={Biennial conference of the North American Pesticide Applicator Certification & Safety Education Workshop}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Blanchard, M.R. and Asuaje, C.R. and Harris, K.G. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2009}, month={Aug} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_blanchard_asuaje_harris_cope_2009, title={Development of visual and interactive materials for educating Latino farmworkers about pesticide risks}, booktitle={North Carolina Agromedicine Institute 10th Anniversary Open House}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Blanchard, M.R. and Asuaje, C.R. and Harris, K.G. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2009}, month={Dec} }
 @inproceedings{leprevost_storm_cope_2008, title={Our journey beyond translation: Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit}, booktitle={SERA-37: The New Hispanic South Workshop “Bridging the Culture Divide: Inclusive Extension Programming for Latinos,”}, author={LePrevost, C.E. and Storm, J.F. and Cope, W.G.}, year={2008}, month={Oct} }