@article{schachar_bocage_nelson_early_mariani_olby_munana_2024, title={Clinical and imaging findings in dogs with nerve root signature associated with cervical intervertebral disc herniation}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16982}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16982}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Schachar, Jordan and Bocage, Alan and Nelson, Nathan C. and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Olby, Natasha J. and Munana, Karen R.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{sabol_mariani_2024, title={Implantation Corridors in Canine Thoracic Vertebrae: A Morphometric Study in Dogs of Varying Sizes}, volume={1}, ISSN={["2567-6911"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1778683}, DOI={10.1055/s-0043-1778683}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY AND COMPARATIVE ORTHOPAEDICS AND TRAUMATOLOGY}, author={Sabol, Julianna C. and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{colon_early_munana_olby_mariani_mancini_fefer_li_briley_bailey_et al._2024, title={Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous ketamine administration via the Omnipod® system in dogs}, volume={3}, ISSN={["1365-2885"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvp.13440}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS}, author={Colon, Claudia and Early, Peter and Munana, Karen and Olby, Natasha and Mariani, Christopher and Mancini, Shelby and Fefer, Gilad and Li, Zhong and Briley, Jessica and Bailey, Kate and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @article{srinivasan_liu_odion_chongsathidkiet_wachsmuth_haskell-mendoza_edwards_canning_willoughby_hinton_et al._2023, title={Gold Nanostars Obviate Limitations to Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) for the Treatment of Intracranial Tumors}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1557-3265"]}, DOI={10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-1871NonCommercial-NoDerivatives4.0International(CC}, number={16}, journal={CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH}, author={Srinivasan, Ethan S. and Liu, Yang and Odion, Ren A. and Chongsathidkiet, Pakawat and Wachsmuth, Lucas P. and Haskell-Mendoza, Aden P. and Edwards, Ryan M. and Canning, Aidan J. and Willoughby, Gavin and Hinton, Joseph and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Aug}, pages={3214–3224} }
 @article{bray_platt_kent_olby_early_mariani_munana_holmes_2023, title={Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of atlanto-axial subluxation in 42 dogs: Analysis of joint cavity size, subluxation distance, and craniocervical junction anomalies}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2218-6050"]}, DOI={10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i9.4}, abstractNote={Background: 
Atlanto-axial (AA) subluxation can be a complex syndrome in dogs. Accurate identification and assessment of this condition is key to providing treatment and resolution.  
Aim: 
The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of AA subluxation and associated neurologic deficits. 
Methods: 
A multicenter review of dogs with a diagnosis of AA subluxation was conducted, evaluating signalment, neurologic grade, duration of signs, and MRI characteristics. MRI characteristics included degree of spinal cord compression and joint subluxation, integrity of odontoid ligaments, presence of a dens, spinal cord signal intensity, and presence of syringohydromyelia, hydrocephalus, and Chiari-like malformation. A control population with normal AA joints was also evaluated. MR images of 42 dogs with AA subluxation were compared to 26 age and breed-matched control dogs. 
Results: 
Affected dogs had a median age of 27 months and median weight of 2.7 kg, and the most commonly affected breed was Yorkshire terrier (47.5%). Spinal cord signal hyperintensity, increased AA joint size, and cross-sectional cord compression at the level of the dens and mid-body C2 were associated with AA subluxation. No associations were found between cord compression, appearance of the dens, or cord signal intensity and neurologic grade. Affected dogs did not have a higher incidence of Chiari-like malformation, syringohydromyelia, or hydrocephalus than control dogs, and their neurologic grade was not associated with MRI findings. Lack of a dens and/or odontoid ligaments was associated with larger subluxations. 
Conclusion: 
Dogs with clinical signs of AA subluxation were significantly more likely to have intramedullary hyperintensity at the level of compression (p=0.0004), an increased AA joint cavity size (p=0.0005), and increased spinal cord compression at the level of dens and mid-body C2 (p=<0.05). The authors suggest an AA joint cavity size >1.4mm and a subluxation distance >2.5mm as cutoffs for MRI diagnosis of AA subluxation in dogs. No differences were noted between dogs with AA subluxation and control dogs regarding syringohydromyelia, hydrocephalus, and Chiari-like malformation.}, number={9}, journal={OPEN VETERINARY JOURNAL}, author={Bray, Kathryn Y. and Platt, Simon R. and Kent, Marc and Olby, Natasha J. and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Munana, Karen R. and Holmes, Shannon P.}, year={2023}, pages={1091–1098} }
 @article{woelfel_mariani_nolan_keenihan_topulos_early_munana_musulin_olby_2023, title={Presumed pituitary apoplexy in 26 dogs: Clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes}, volume={4}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16703}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16703}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Woelfel, Christian W. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Nolan, Michael W. and Keenihan, Erin K. and Topulos, Sophia P. and Early, Peter J. and Munana, Karen R. and Musulin, Sarah E. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @article{krane_shockley_malarkey_miller_miller_tokarz_jensen_janardhan_breen_mariani_2022, title={Inter-pathologist agreement on diagnosis, classification and grading of canine glioma}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1476-5829"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.12853}, DOI={10.1111/vco.12853}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY AND COMPARATIVE ONCOLOGY}, author={Krane, Gregory A. and Shockley, Keith R. and Malarkey, David E. and Miller, Andrew D. and Miller, C. Ryan and Tokarz, Debra A. and Jensen, Heather L. and Janardhan, Kyathanahalli S. and Breen, Matthew and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @article{mancini_early_slater_olby_mariani_munana_woelfel_schacher_zhong_messenger_2022, title={Novel subcutaneous cytarabine infusion with the Omnipod system in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology}, volume={83}, ISSN={["1943-5681"]}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.22.03.0046}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={9}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Mancini, Shelby L. and Early, Peter J. and Slater, Bailey M. and Olby, Natasha J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Munana, Karen R. and Woelfel, Christian W. and Schacher, Jordan A. and Zhong, Li and Messenger, Kristen M.}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{mariani_zlotnick_harrysson_marcellin-little_malinak_gavitt_guevar_2021, title={Accuracy of three-dimensionally printed animal-specific drill guides for implant placement in canine thoracic vertebrae: A cadaveric study}, volume={50}, ISSN={["1532-950X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.13557}, DOI={10.1111/vsu.13557}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={VETERINARY SURGERY}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Zlotnick, Joshua A. and Harrysson, Ola and Marcellin-Little, Denis J. and Malinak, Kristen and Gavitt, Ashley and Guevar, Julien}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={294–302} }
 @article{bray_mariani_early_muñana_olby_2021, title={Continuous rate infusion of midazolam as emergent treatment for seizures in dogs}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15993}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15993}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, author={Bray, Kathryn Y. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Early, Peter J. and Muñana, Karen R. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2021}, month={Jan} }
 @article{mai_burke_reetz_hecht_paek_church_werre_mariani_griffin_glass_2021, title={High-field MRI using standard pulse sequences has moderate to substantial interobserver agreement and good accuracy for differentiation between intracranial extra-axial histiocytic sarcoma and meningioma in dogs}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1740-8261"]}, DOI={10.1111/vru.13038}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY RADIOLOGY & ULTRASOUND}, author={Mai, Wilfried and Burke, Emily E. and Reetz, Jennifer A. and Hecht, Silke and Paek, Matthew and Church, Molly E. and Werre, Stephen R. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Griffin, John F. and Glass, Eric N.}, year={2021}, month={Dec} }
 @article{krane_carly a. o'dea_malarkey_miller_miller_tokarz_jensen_janardhan_shockley_flagler_et al._2021, title={Immunohistochemical evaluation of immune cell infiltration in canine gliomas}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1544-2217"]}, DOI={10.1177/03009858211023946}, abstractNote={Evasion of the immune response is an integral part of the pathogenesis of glioma. In humans, important mechanisms of immune evasion include recruitment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and polarization of macrophages toward an M2 phenotype. Canine glioma has a robust immune cell infiltrate that has not been extensively characterized. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of immune cells infiltrating spontaneous intracranial canine gliomas. Seventy-three formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples were evaluated using immunohistochemistry for CD3, forkhead box 3 (FOXP3), CD20, Iba1, calprotectin (Mac387), CD163, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Immune cell infiltration was present in all tumors. Low-grade and high-grade gliomas significantly differed in the numbers of FoxP3+ cells, Mac387+ cells, and CD163+ cells ( P = .006, .01, and .01, respectively). Considering all tumors, there was a significant increase in tumor area fraction of CD163 compared to Mac387 ( P < .0001), and this ratio was greater in high-grade tumors than in low-grade tumors ( P = .005). These data warrant further exploration into the roles of macrophage repolarization or Treg interference therapy in canine glioma.}, journal={VETERINARY PATHOLOGY}, author={Krane, Gregory A. and Carly A. O'Dea and Malarkey, David E. and Miller, Andrew D. and Miller, C. Ryan and Tokarz, Debra A. and Jensen, Heather L. and Janardhan, Kyathanahalli S. and Shockley, Keith R. and Flagler, Norris and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{woelfel_robertson_mariani_munana_early_olby_2021, title={Outcomes and prognostic indicators in 59 paraplegic medium to large breed dogs with extensive epidural hemorrhage secondary to thoracolumbar disc extrusion}, volume={50}, ISSN={["1532-950X"]}, DOI={10.1111/vsu.13592}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY SURGERY}, author={Woelfel, Christian W. and Robertson, James B. and Mariani, Chris L. and Munana, Karen R. and Early, Peter J. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2021}, month={Apr}, pages={527–536} }
 @article{bomba_sheets_valdivia_khagi_ruterbories_mariani_borst_tokarz_hingtgen_2021, title={Personalized-induced neural stem cell therapy: Generation, transplant, and safety in a large animal model}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2380-6761"]}, DOI={10.1002/btm2.10171}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE}, author={Bomba, Hunter N. and Sheets, Kevin T. and Valdivia, Alain and Khagi, Simon and Ruterbories, Laura and Mariani, Christopher L. and Borst, Luke B. and Tokarz, Debra A. and Hingtgen, Shawn D.}, year={2021}, month={Jan} }
 @article{woelfel_bray_early_mariani_olby_2021, title={Subaxial cervical articular process subluxation and dislocation: Cervical locked facet injuries in dogs}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1532-950X"]}, DOI={10.1111/vsu.13746}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY SURGERY}, author={Woelfel, Christian W. and Bray, Katherine Y. and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @article{mariani_roe_2021, title={Use of Top Hat Audience Response Software in a Third-Year Veterinary Medicine and Surgery Course}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1943-7218"]}, DOI={10.3138/jvme.1117-171r}, abstractNote={ Audience response devices are useful tools that can improve student engagement and learning during instructional sessions. The purpose of this article is to describe our experience with a new cloud-based application known as Top Hat, which includes audience response tools in its application suite. The software was used in a multi-specialty, multi-instructor medicine and surgery course in the third year of a veterinary curriculum. In addition to standard multiple-choice and short-answer questions, Top Hat has several unique question types and methods of displaying the responses given. These include displaying free-text responses in a word cloud format and a “click-on-target” question type that allows students to indicate their response by clicking on a location within an image. Responses for this latter question type are displayed in a heat map format. A discussion tool is also available, which allows students to respond, read other students’ responses in real time, and then reply again if warranted. This feature also supports drawing-based responses. The variety of question types was very useful in keeping students engaged during teaching sessions, giving this application several advantages over systems that are limited to multiple-choice questions only. In addition, the application allowed rapid identification of areas of student knowledge and misunderstandings, which facilitated the direction of further discussion and clarification of important learning issues. }, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Roe, Simon C.}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={27–32} }
 @article{mariani_niman_boozer_ruterbories_early_munana_olby_2021, title={Vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with neoplastic or inflammatory central nervous system disorders}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16181}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16181}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Niman, Zachary E. and Boozer, Lindsay B. and Ruterbories, Laura K. and Early, Peter J. and Munana, Karen R. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{guevar_bleedorn_cullum_hetzel_zlotnick_mariani_2020, title={Accuracy and safety of three-dimensionally printed animal-specific drill guides for thoracolumbar vertebral column instrumentation in dogs: Bilateral and unilateral designs}, ISBN={1532-950X}, DOI={10.1111/vsu.13558}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY SURGERY}, author={Guevar, Julien and Bleedorn, Jason and Cullum, Thomas and Hetzel, Scott and Zlotnick, Josh and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2020} }
 @article{fenn_ru_jeffery_moore_tipold_soebbeler_wang‐leandro_mariani_early_muñana_et al._2020, title={Association between anesthesia duration and outcome in dogs with surgically treated acute severe spinal cord injury caused by thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation}, ISSN={0891-6640 1939-1676}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15796}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15796}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Fenn, Joe and Ru, Hongyu and Jeffery, Nick D. and Moore, Sarah and Tipold, Andrea and Soebbeler, Franz J. and Wang‐Leandro, Adriano and Mariani, Christopher L. and Early, Peter J. and Muñana, Karen R. and et al.}, year={2020}, month={May} }
 @article{mariani_nye_ruterbories_tokarz_green_lau_zidan_early_muñana_olby_et al._2020, title={Cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentrations in dogs with seizure disorders}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15953}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15953}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Nye, Carolyn J. and Ruterbories, Laura and Tokarz, Debra A. and Green, Lauren and Lau, Jeanie and Zidan, Natalia and Early, Peter J. and Muñana, Karen R. and Olby, Natasha J. and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Nov} }
 @article{lewis_early_mariani_munana_olby_2020, title={Influence of Duration of Injury on Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Acute Canine Spinal Cord Injury}, volume={37}, ISSN={["1557-9042"]}, DOI={10.1089/neu.2019.6786}, abstractNote={Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) quantifies microstructural lesion characteristics but impact of the interval between spinal cord injury (SCI) and examination on imaging characteristics is unclear. Our objective was to investigate the impact of duration of injury on DTI indices in dogs with acute, spontaneous SCI due to thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) and explore associations with clinical severity. Twenty-six dogs with acute thoracolumbar IVDH of variable severity who underwent DTI were included. Neurologic severity was graded using the Modified Frankel Score (0-V). Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated on regions of interest within and adjacent to the lesion epicenter. Relationships between FA or MD and duration (injury to imaging interval) or neurologic severity were determined using regression analysis and Wilcoxon rank sum. Median age was 6.8 years (1-13), median duration was 1.5 days (1-9) and neurologic signs ranged from ambulatory paraparesis (MFS II) to paraplegia with absent pain perception (MFS V). Mean FA was 0.61+/-0.09 cranial to the lesion, 0.57+/-0.12 at the epicenter and 0.55+/-0.10 caudally. Mean MD was 1.18x10-3+/-0.0002 cranially, 1.09x10-3+/-0.0002 at the epicenter and 1.14x10-3+/-0.0002 caudally. Accounting for neurologic severity and age, FA caudal to the epicenter decreased with increasing duration of injury (p = 0.02). Lower MD within the lesion epicenter was associated with worse neurologic severity (p = 0.01). Duration of injury should be considered when interpreting DTI results in dogs with acute thoracolumbar IVDH. MD might differentiate injury severity in the acute setting and be worthy of development as an imaging biomarker.}, number={21}, journal={JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA}, author={Lewis, Melissa J. and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Munana, Karen R. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={2261–2267} }
 @article{amengual-batle_jose-lopez_durand_czopowicz_beltran_guevar_lazzerini_de decker_munana_early_et al._2020, title={Traumatic skull fractures in dogs and cats: A comparative analysis of neurological and computed tomographic features}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15838}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Amengual-Batle, Pablo and Jose-Lopez, Roberto and Durand, Alexane and Czopowicz, Michal and Beltran, Elsa and Guevar, Julien and Lazzerini, Kali and De Decker, Steven and Munana, Karen and Early, Peter and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Sep}, pages={1975–1985} }
 @article{mariani_nye_tokarz_green_lau_zidan_early_guevar_muñana_olby_et al._2019, title={Cerebrospinal fluid lactate in dogs with inflammatory central nervous system disorders}, volume={33}, ISSN={0891-6640 1939-1676}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15606}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15606}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Nye, Carolyn J. and Tokarz, Debra A. and Green, Lauren and Lau, Jeanie and Zidan, Natalia and Early, Peter J. and Guevar, Julien and Muñana, Karen R. and Olby, Natasha J. and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Sep}, pages={2701–2708} }
 @article{lau_nettifee_early_mariani_olby_muñana_2019, title={Clinical characteristics, breed differences, and quality of life in North American dogs with acute steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis}, volume={33}, ISSN={0891-6640 1939-1676}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15543}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15543}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lau, Jeanie and Nettifee, Julie A. and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Olby, Natasha J. and Muñana, Karen R.}, year={2019}, month={Jun}, pages={1719–1727} }
 @article{stafford_kortum_castel_green_lau_early_muñana_mariani_yoder_olby_2019, title={Presence of cerebrospinal fluid antibodies associated with autoimmune encephalitis of humans in dogs with neurologic disease}, volume={33}, ISSN={0891-6640 1939-1676}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15616}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15616}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Stafford, Emma G. and Kortum, Amanda and Castel, Aude and Green, Lauren and Lau, Jeanie and Early, Peter J. and Muñana, Karen R. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Yoder, Jeffrey A. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2019}, month={Sep}, pages={2175–2182} }
 @article{castel_olby_ru_mariani_muñana_early_2019, title={Risk factors associated with progressive myelomalacia in dogs with complete sensorimotor loss following intervertebral disc extrusion: a retrospective case-control study}, volume={15}, ISSN={1746-6148}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2186-0}, DOI={10.1186/s12917-019-2186-0}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={BMC Veterinary Research}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Castel, Aude and Olby, Natasha J. and Ru, Hongyu and Mariani, Christopher L. and Muñana, Karen R. and Early, Peter J.}, year={2019}, month={Dec} }
 @article{olby_lim_wagner_zidan_early_mariani_muñana_laber_2019, title={Time course and prognostic value of serum GFAP, pNFH, and S100β concentrations in dogs with complete spinal cord injury because of intervertebral disc extrusion}, volume={33}, ISSN={0891-6640 1939-1676}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15439}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15439}, abstractNote={BackgroundA noninvasive biomarker is needed to predict recovery from severe spinal cord injury (SCI) because of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (TL‐IVDE). Proteins released from neural and glial cells can be detected in the blood and show promise as prognostic tools, but their concentration is influenced by time after injury.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Olby, Natasha J. and Lim, Ji‐Hey and Wagner, Nikki and Zidan, Natalia and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Muñana, Karen R. and Laber, Eric}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={726–734} }
 @article{zidan_sims_fenn_williams_griffith_early_mariani_munana_guevar_olby_et al._2018, title={A randomized, blinded, prospective clinical trial of postoperative rehabilitation in dogs after surgical decompression of acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation}, volume={32}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15086}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15086}, abstractNote={BackgroundExperimental evidence shows benefit of rehabilitation after spinal cord injury (SCI) but there are limited objective data on the effect of rehabilitation on recovery of dogs after surgery for acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniations (TL‐IVDH).}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Zidan, Natalia and Sims, Cory and Fenn, Joe and Williams, Kim and Griffith, Emily and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Chris L. and Munana, Karen and Guevar, Julien and Olby, Natasha J. and et al.}, year={2018}, month={Apr}, pages={1133–1144} }
 @article{royal_hunt_scharf_correa_mariani_2018, title={Strategies Used for Making Healthy Eating Choices among Veterinary Medical Students}, volume={45}, ISSN={0748-321X 1943-7218}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jvme.0317-041r}, DOI={10.3138/jvme.0317-041r}, abstractNote={ Healthy eating is a challenge for most college students, and students in the field of veterinary medicine are no exception. Health experts have recommended that universities emphasize the importance of healthy eating and promote healthy eating habits among students. However, before we can begin offering targeted interventions to promote healthy eating strategies and behaviors, we must first understand students' current strategies used for making healthy eating choices, self-reported eating habits, and perceptions of diet quality. Thus, the purpose of this study was to understand veterinary medical students' perceptions of current diet quality and to characterize their strategies for making healthy eating choices. Results indicate veterinary medical students employ a wide range of strategies and behaviors for healthy eating, yet few students reported eating a diet of poor quality. We conclude that while most students report eating a relatively healthy diet, variation in strategies used suggests room for improvement for many. This article discusses potential intervention strategies to promote healthy eating among veterinary students. }, number={3}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Medical Education}, publisher={University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)}, author={Royal, Kenneth D. and Hunt, Suzanne and Scharf, Valery and Correa, Maria and Mariani, Christopher}, year={2018}, month={Aug}, pages={364–380} }
 @article{zidan_fenn_griffith_early_mariani_muñana_guevar_olby_2018, title={The Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Post-Operative Pain and Locomotor Recovery in Dogs with Acute, Severe Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disc Extrusion: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled, Prospective Clinical Trial}, volume={35}, ISSN={0897-7151 1557-9042}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2017.5485}, DOI={10.1089/neu.2017.5485}, abstractNote={Spinal cord injury (SCI) attributed to acute intervertebral disc extrusions (IVDEs) is common in dogs and is treated by surgical decompression. Dogs with sensorimotor complete injuries have an incomplete recovery. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) reduce post-operative pain through anti-inflammatory effects and there is growing evidence for neuroprotective effects. This randomized, controlled clinical trial evaluated the effect of PEMF on post-operative pain and neurological recovery in dogs with surgically treated sensorimotor complete SCI attributed to acute IVDE. Sixteen dogs with surgically treated complete thoracolumbar SCI were randomized to receive PEMF (15 min every 2 h for 2 weeks then twice-daily for 4 weeks) or placebo starting immediately after diagnosis. The primary outcome was gait score at 2 weeks. Secondary measures of gait, pain perception, and proprioceptive function were evaluated at 2 and 6 weeks. Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) concentration was measured as an SCI biomarker. Post-operative pain was quantified by measuring mechanical sensory thresholds (MSTs) at control and surgical sites. There was no significant difference in demographics or GFAP concentration between the two groups at trial entry. There was no difference in primary outcome or in secondary measures of gait, but proprioceptive placing was significantly better at 6 weeks and GFAP concentrations were significantly lower at 2 weeks in the PEMF group. MSTs were significantly higher in the PEMF-treated group. We conclude that PEMF reduced incision-associated pain in dogs post-surgery for IVDE and may reduce extent of SCI and enhance proprioceptive placing. Larger clinical trials are warranted.}, number={15}, journal={Journal of Neurotrauma}, publisher={Mary Ann Liebert Inc}, author={Zidan, Natalia and Fenn, Joe and Griffith, Emily and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Chris L. and Muñana, Karen R. and Guevar, Julien and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2018}, month={Aug}, pages={1726–1736} }
 @article{dorman_foster_olesnevich_bolon_castel_sokolsky-papkov_mariani_2018, title={Toxicity associated with ingestion of a polyacrylic acid hydrogel dog pad}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1943-4936"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638718782583}, DOI={10.1177/1040638718782583}, abstractNote={ Superabsorbent sodium polyacrylate polymeric hydrogels that retain large amounts of liquids are used in disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, and other applications. These polymers are generally considered “nontoxic” with acute oral median lethal doses (LD50) >5 g/kg. Despite this favorable toxicity profile, we identified a novel toxic syndrome in dogs and rats following the ingestion of a commercial dog pad composed primarily of a polyacrylic acid hydrogel. Inappropriate mentation, cerebellar ataxia, vomiting, and intention tremors were observed within 24 h after the ingestion of up to 15.7 g/kg of the hydrogel by an adult, castrated male Australian Shepherd mix. These observations prompted an experimental study in rats to further characterize the toxicity of the hydrogel. Adult, female Sprague Dawley rats ( n = 9) were assessed before and after hydrogel ingestion (2.6–19.2 g/kg over 4 h) using a functional observation battery and spontaneous motor activity. Clinical signs consistent with neurotoxicity emerged in rats as early as 2 h after the end of hydrogel exposure, including decreased activity in an open field, hunched posture, gait changes, reduced reaction to handling, decreased muscle tone, and abnormal surface righting. Hydrogel-exposed rats also had reduced motor activity when compared with pre-exposure baseline data. Rats that ingested the hydrogel did not develop nervous system lesions. These findings support the conclusion that some pet pad hydrogel products can induce acute neurotoxicity in animals under high-dose exposure conditions. }, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION}, author={Dorman, David C. and Foster, Melanie L. and Olesnevich, Brooke and Bolon, Brad and Castel, Aude and Sokolsky-Papkov, Marina and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2018}, month={Sep}, pages={708–714} }
 @article{nye_mariani_2018, title={Validation of a portable monitor for assessment of cerebrospinal fluid lactate in dogs}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1939-165X"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12567}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12567}, abstractNote={BackgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate concentration may be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in dogs. Previous studies have used methods requiring relatively large sample volumes or prolonged storage prior to analysis. An effective method to immediately quantify lactate in smaller CSF volumes would be beneficial.}, number={1}, journal={VETERINARY CLINICAL PATHOLOGY}, author={Nye, Carolyn J. and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2018}, month={Mar}, pages={108–114} }
 @article{fenn_laber_williams_rousse_early_mariani_munana_decker_volk_olby_et al._2017, title={Associations Between Anesthetic Variables and Functional Outcome in Dogs With Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disk Extrusion Undergoing Decompressive Hemilaminectomy}, volume={31}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14677}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.14677}, abstractNote={BackgroundOutcome of acute experimental spinal cord injury is strongly associated with tissue perfusion and oxygenation. Cardiopulmonary depression could affect outcome in dogs undergoing general anesthesia for surgical treatment of thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion (IVDE).}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Fenn, J. and Laber, E. and Williams, K. and Rousse, C. A. and Early, P. J. and Mariani, C. L. and Munana, Karen and Decker, S. De and Volk, H. A. and Olby, N. J. and et al.}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={814–824} }
 @article{castel_olby_mariani_muñana_early_2017, title={Clinical Characteristics of Dogs with Progressive Myelomalacia Following Acute Intervertebral Disc Extrusion}, volume={31}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14829}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.14829}, abstractNote={BackgroundProgressive myelomalacia (PMM) is a catastrophic disease associated with acute intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE). Published data on the clinical characteristics of this disease are limited.}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Castel, A. and Olby, N.J. and Mariani, C.L. and Muñana, K.R. and Early, P.J.}, year={2017}, month={Sep}, pages={1782–1789} }
 @article{nye_musulin_hanel_mariani_2017, title={Evaluation of the Lactate Plus monitor for plasma lactate concentration measurement in dogs}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1476-4431"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.12557}, DOI={10.1111/vec.12557}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE}, author={Nye, Carolyn J. and Musulin, Sarah E. and Hanel, Rita M. and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2017}, pages={66–70} }
 @article{smith_westermeyer_mariani_gilger_davidson_2017, title={Optic neuritis in dogs: 96 cases (1983-2016)}, volume={21}, ISSN={1463-5216}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vop.12528}, DOI={10.1111/vop.12528}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Veterinary Ophthalmology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Smith, Sara M. and Westermeyer, Hans D. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Gilger, Brian C. and Davidson, Michael G.}, year={2017}, month={Dec}, pages={442–451} }
 @article{olby_muguet-chanoit_lim_davidian_mariani_freeman_platt_humphrey_kent_giovanella_et al._2016, title={A Placebo-Controlled, Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial of Polyethylene Glycol and Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate in Dogs with Intervertebral Disk Herniation}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.13657}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.13657}, abstractNote={BackgroundAcute intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH) is a common cause of spinal cord injury in dogs and currently there is no proven medical treatment to counter secondary injury effects. Use of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as neuroprotectants is advocated but controversial because neither treatment has been tested in placebo‐controlled, randomized, blinded trials in dogs.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Olby, N. J. and Muguet-Chanoit, A. C. and Lim, J. -H. and Davidian, M. and Mariani, C. L. and Freeman, A. C. and Platt, S. R. and Humphrey, J. and Kent, M. and Giovanella, C. and et al.}, year={2016}, pages={206–214} }
 @article{lewis_olby_early_mariani_muñana_seiler_griffith_2016, title={Clinical and Diagnostic Imaging Features of Brain Herniation in Dogs and Cats}, volume={30}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14526}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.14526}, abstractNote={BackgroundQuantification of brain herniation on MRI and its immediate clinical implications are poorly described.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lewis, M.J. and Olby, N.J. and Early, P.J. and Mariani, C.L. and Muñana, K.R. and Seiler, G.S. and Griffith, E.H.}, year={2016}, month={Sep}, pages={1672–1680} }
 @article{olby_vaden_williams_griffith_harris_mariani_muñana_early_platt_boozer_et al._2016, title={Effect of Cranberry Extract on the Frequency of Bacteriuria in Dogs with Acute Thoracolumbar Disk Herniation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial}, volume={31}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14613}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.14613}, abstractNote={BackgroundDogs with spinal cord injury are at increased risk of developing bacteriuria due to increased residual urine volume. Cranberry extract inhibits binding of E. coli to uroepithelial cells, potentially reducing risk of bacteriuria.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Olby, N.J. and Vaden, S.L. and Williams, K. and Griffith, E.H. and Harris, T. and Mariani, C.L. and Muñana, K.R. and Early, P.J. and Platt, S.R. and Boozer, L. and et al.}, year={2016}, month={Dec}, pages={60–68} }
 @article{rousse_olby_williams_harris_griffith_mariani_muñana_early_2016, title={Recovery of stepping and coordination in dogs following acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniations}, volume={213}, ISSN={1090-0233}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.04.002}, DOI={10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.04.002}, abstractNote={Prospective data on the recovery of coordination in dogs suffering acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniations (TL-IVDH) are limited. The purpose of this study was to use treadmill based and open field scores (OFS) to quantify recovery of stepping ability and forelimb, hindlimb coordination in the 6 weeks following surgical decompression of dogs with TL-IVDH. Sixty-three dogs were grouped at presentation as grades 3 (non-ambulatory paraparetic), 4 (paraplegic) or 5 (paraplegic without pain sensation) and were evaluated 2, 4, and 6 weeks post-operatively. Stepping scores and Regularity Index (RI), a measure of coordination, were calculated from treadmill walking, and an OFS incorporating supported and unsupported walking was assigned. Outcomes for the three measures were compared between groups and correlation between scoring methods was assessed. Grade 3 and 4 dogs recovered ambulation by 2 weeks, reaching median stepping scores of 96 and 90% by 6 weeks, respectively. Recovery of coordination differed between groups 3 and 4 with median RI scores of 93.9% and 63%, respectively, by 6 weeks. Eight grade 5 dogs failed to recover independent ambulation by 6 weeks. Nine dogs recovered with scores that were significantly worse than the grade 3 and 4 dogs at 6 weeks for stepping score (P < 0.001) and RI (P < 0.001). OFS correlated closely with stepping and RI scores and each group was significantly different using this ordinal scale. In conclusion, recovery of coordination was incomplete in dogs that showed good recovery of stepping. The data generated could be used for clinical trial design.}, journal={The Veterinary Journal}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Rousse, C.A. and Olby, N.J. and Williams, K. and Harris, T.L. and Griffith, E.H. and Mariani, C.L. and Muñana, K.R. and Early, P.J.}, year={2016}, month={Jul}, pages={59–63} }
 @article{enders_olby_mariani_2016, title={Use of posaconazole for treatment of disseminated protothecosis in a dog}, volume={4}, ISSN={2052-6121}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreccr-2016-000350}, DOI={10.1136/vetreccr-2016-000350}, abstractNote={A two‐year‐old female spayed Vizsla presented with progressive ataxia and visual deficits of three weeks’ duration and chronic intermittent large bowel diarrhoea. Protothecal organisms were identified on cytology of rectal scrapings and aspirates of intra‐abdominal lymph nodes and Prototheca species were cultured from cerebrospinal fluid.}, number={2}, journal={Veterinary Record Case Reports}, publisher={BMJ}, author={Enders, Brittany and Olby, Natasha and Mariani, Christopher L}, year={2016}, month={Nov}, pages={e000350} }
 @article{mariani_schubert_house_wong_hopkins_heller_milner_lester_lurie_rajon_et al._2015, title={Frameless stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of primary intracranial tumours in dogs}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1476-5829"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vco.12056}, DOI={10.1111/vco.12056}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={VETERINARY AND COMPARATIVE ONCOLOGY}, author={Mariani, C. L. and Schubert, T. A. and House, R. A. and Wong, M. A. and Hopkins, A. L. and Heller, H. L. Barnes and Milner, R. J. and Lester, N. V. and Lurie, D. M. and Rajon, D. A. and et al.}, year={2015}, month={Dec}, pages={409–423} }
 @article{mariani_jennings_olby_borst_brown_robertson_seiler_mackillop_2015, title={Histiocytic Sarcoma with Central Nervous System Involvement in Dogs: 19 Cases (2006-2012)}, volume={29}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12554}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.12554}, abstractNote={BackgroundReports of histiocytic sarcoma (HS) involving the central nervous system (CNS) are sparse and consist mainly of case reports describing 1–3 animals.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, C.L. and Jennings, M.K. and Olby, N.J. and Borst, L.B. and Brown, J.C., Jr and Robertson, I.D. and Seiler, G.S. and MacKillop, E.}, year={2015}, month={Feb}, pages={607–613} }
 @article{schrauwen_barber_schatzberg_siniard_corneveaux_porter_vernau_keesler_matiasek_flegel_et al._2014, title={Identification of Novel Genetic Risk Loci in Maltese Dogs with Necrotizing Meningoencephalitis and Evidence of a Shared Genetic Risk across Toy Dog Breeds}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112755}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0112755}, abstractNote={Necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) affects toy and small breed dogs causing progressive, often fatal, inflammation and necrosis in the brain. Genetic risk loci for NME previously were identified in pug dogs, particularly associated with the dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) class II complex on chromosome 12, but have not been investigated in other susceptible breeds. We sought to evaluate Maltese and Chihuahua dogs, in addition to pug dogs, to identify novel or shared genetic risk factors for NME development. Genome-wide association testing of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Maltese dogs with NME identified 2 regions of genome-wide significance on chromosomes 4 (chr4:74522353T>A, p = 8.1×10−7) and 15 (chr15:53338796A>G, p = 1.5×10−7). Haplotype analysis and fine-mapping suggests that ILR7 and FBXW7, respectively, both important for regulation of immune system function, could be the underlying associated genes. Further evaluation of these regions and the previously identified DLA II locus across all three breeds, revealed an enrichment of nominal significant SNPs associated with chromosome 15 in pug dogs and DLA II in Maltese and Chihuahua dogs. Meta-analysis confirmed effect sizes the same direction in all three breeds for both the chromosome 15 and DLA II loci (p = 8.6×10–11 and p = 2.5×10−7, respectively). This suggests a shared genetic background exists between all breeds and confers susceptibility to NME, but effect sizes might be different among breeds. In conclusion, we identified the first genetic risk factors for NME development in the Maltese, chromosome 4 and chromosome 15, and provide evidence for a shared genetic risk between breeds associated with chromosome 15 and DLA II. Last, DLA II and IL7R both have been implicated in human inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis, suggesting that similar pharmacotherapeutic targets across species should be investigated.}, number={11}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Schrauwen, Isabelle and Barber, Renee M. and Schatzberg, Scott J. and Siniard, Ashley L. and Corneveaux, Jason J. and Porter, Brian F. and Vernau, Karen M. and Keesler, Rebekah I. and Matiasek, Kaspar and Flegel, Thomas and et al.}, year={2014}, month={Nov} }
 @article{posner_mariani_swanson_asakawa_campbell_king_2014, title={Perianesthetic morbidity and mortality in dogs undergoing cervical and thoracolumbar spinal surgery}, volume={41}, ISSN={["1467-2995"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vaa.12127}, DOI={10.1111/vaa.12127}, abstractNote={OBJECTIVE
To evaluate and compare perioperative morbidity and mortality in dogs undergoing cervical and thoracolumbar spinal surgery.


STUDY DESIGN
Prospective case series.


ANIMALS
157 dogs undergoing cervical or thoracolumbar spinal surgery.


METHODS
Data were collected sequentially on canine cases presented from the Neurology Section of the North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for anesthesia and surgery for cervical spinal cord disease. Simultaneously, data were collected on all thoracolumbar spinal surgery cases during the same time period. Data included signalment, drugs administered, surgical approach, disease process, cardiac arrhythmias during anesthesia, and outcome.


RESULTS
Data were collected from 164 surgical events in 157 dogs. There were 52 cervical approaches; four dorsal and 48 ventral. All thoracolumbar surgeries were approached dorsolaterally. Four dogs 4/52 (7.6%) undergoing a cervical approach did not survive to discharge. Two dogs (2/8; 25%) underwent atlanto-axial (AA) stabilization and suffered cardiovascular arrest and two dogs (2/38; 5.2%) undergoing cervical ventral slot procedures were euthanized following anesthesia and surgery due to signs of aspiration pneumonia. All dogs undergoing thoracolumbar surgery survived until discharge (112/112). Mortality in dogs undergoing cervical spinal surgery was greater compared with dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery (p = 0.009), however, in dogs undergoing decompressive disc surgery, intraoperative death rates were not different between dogs undergoing a cervical compared with thoracolumbar approaches (p = 0.32) nor was there a significant difference in overall mortality (p = 0.07).


CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Overall, dogs undergoing cervical spinal surgery were less likely to survive until discharge compared with dogs undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery. Mortality in dogs undergoing cervical intervertebral disc decompression surgery was no different than for dogs undergoing thoracolumbar intervertebral disc decompression surgery. However, dogs undergoing cervical intervertebral disc decompression surgery should be considered at risk for aspiration pneumonia.}, number={2}, journal={VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, author={Posner, Lysa P. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Swanson, Cliff and Asakawa, Makoto and Campbell, Nigel and King, Adam S.}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={137–144} }
 @article{moore_mariani_van wettere_borst_2013, title={Chronic Compressive Myelopathy and Progressive Neurologic Signs Associated with Melarsomine Dihydrochloride Administration in a Dog}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1547-3317"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-5911}, DOI={10.5326/jaaha-ms-5911}, abstractNote={A 7 yr old castrated male Great Dane presented with a history of progressive myelopathy following the intramuscular injection of melarsomine dihydrochloride 8 wk previously. MRI revealed paraspinal and epidural abscesses at the 13th thoracic (T13) and first lumbar (L1) disc space. The dog’s condition worsened despite medical management, necessitating surgical decompression. Surgical decompression resulted in rapid improvement of the patient’s clinical signs. Histopathologic evaluation of the lesions revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation. Cultures of fluid and tissue within the lesions were negative for bacterial growth, and no infectious organisms were visualized histologically. Melarsomine-associated neurologic signs can be chronic and progressive in nature, presumably secondary to ongoing sterile inflammation that may result in spinal cord compression.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Moore, Sarah A. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Van Wettere, Arnaud and Borst, Luke B.}, year={2013}, pages={389–393} }
 @article{mariani_boozer_braxton_platt_vernau_mcdonnell_guevar_2013, title={Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and-9 in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with intracranial tumors}, volume={74}, ISSN={["1943-5681"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.74.1.122}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.74.1.122}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Boozer, Lindsay B. and Braxton, Alicia M. and Platt, Simon R. and Vernau, Karen M. and McDonnell, John J. and Guevar, Julien}, year={2013}, month={Jan}, pages={122–129} }
 @misc{mariani_2013, title={Terminology and Classification of Seizures and Epilepsy in Veterinary Patients}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1946-9837"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.tcam.2013.06.008}, DOI={10.1053/j.tcam.2013.06.008}, abstractNote={The classification of epileptic seizures and epilepsy is a controversial and dynamic topic that has undergone many iterations in human medicine. The International League against Epilepsy is a multinational organization that has formed a number of task forces and subcommittees to study this issue, and has ratified several reports outlining recommended terminology and classification schemes for human patients. Veterinary publications on this issue have generally adapted these schemes to fit small animal patients, but a formally endorsed system to classify seizures and epilepsy has never been developed for veterinary patients. This review outlines the classification systems that have been published for human patients and summarizes previous efforts by veterinary authors to utilize these methods. Finally, a set of definitions and terminology for use in veterinary patients is proposed, which includes a glossary of descriptive terminology for ictal semiology and a diagnostic scheme for classification of individual patients. This document is intended as a starting point of discussion, which will hopefully eventually result in a formally ratified document that will be useful for communication between health professionals, the design of clinical trials and for guiding treatment decisions and prognostication for veterinary patients with seizures.}, number={2}, journal={TOPICS IN COMPANION ANIMAL MEDICINE}, author={Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2013}, month={May}, pages={34–41} }
 @article{boozer_davis_borst_zseltvay_olby_mariani_2012, title={Characterization of Immune Cell Infiltration Into Canine Intracranial Meningiomas}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1544-2217"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985811417249}, DOI={10.1177/0300985811417249}, abstractNote={Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors in dogs. A variety of inflammatory cells have been shown to invade these tumors in people, but little is known about interactions between the immune system and naturally occurring brain tumors in dogs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of a variety of immune cell subsets within canine intracranial meningiomas. Twenty-three formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples were evaluated using immunohistochemistry with antibodies specific for CD3, CD79a, CD18, CD11d (αD), CD45RA, forkhead box P3, and Toll-like receptors 4 and 9. Immune cell infiltration was evident in all samples, with a predominance of CD3+T cells. Large numbers of CD18+microglia and macrophages were noted surrounding and infiltrating the tumors, and a subset of these cells within the tumor appeared to be CD11d+. Scattered macrophages at the tumor–brain interface were TLR4+and TLR9+. Rare CD79a+B cells were noted in only a small subset of tumors. Lesser numbers of lymphocytes that were CD11d+, CD45RA+, or FoxP3+were noted in a number of the meningiomas. Although the function of these cells is not yet clear, work in other species suggests that evaluation of this immune cell infiltrate may provide important prognostic information and may be useful in the design of novel therapies.}, number={5}, journal={VETERINARY PATHOLOGY}, author={Boozer, L. B. and Davis, T. W. and Borst, L. B. and Zseltvay, K. M. and Olby, N. J. and Mariani, C. L.}, year={2012}, month={Sep}, pages={784–795} }
 @article{munana_thomas_inzana_nettifee-osborne_mclucas_olby_mariani_early_2012, title={Evaluation of Levetiracetam as Adjunctive Treatment for Refractory Canine Epilepsy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00866.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00866.x}, abstractNote={BackgroundThere is little evidence‐based information available to guide treatment of refractory epilepsy in dogs. The antiepileptic drug levetiracetam (LEV) is administered to dogs, although its safety and efficacy are unknown.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Munana, K. R. and Thomas, W. B. and Inzana, K. D. and Nettifee-Osborne, J. A. and McLucas, K. J. and Olby, N. J. and Mariani, C. J. and Early, P. J.}, year={2012}, pages={341–348} }
 @article{lim_koh_olby_piedrahita_mariani_2012, title={Isolation and characterization of neural progenitor cells from adult canine brains}, volume={73}, ISSN={0002-9645}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.73.12.1963}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.73.12.1963}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Lim, Ji-Hey and Koh, Sehwon and Olby, Natasha J. and Piedrahita, Jorge and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2012}, month={Dec}, pages={1963–1968} }
 @article{musulin_mariani_papich_2011, title={Diazepam pharmacokinetics after nasal drop and atomized nasal administration in dogs}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1365-2885"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01186.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01186.x}, abstractNote={Musulin, S. E., Mariani, C. L., Papich, M. G. Diazepam pharmacokinetics after nasal drop and atomized nasal administration in dogs.J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 17–24.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS}, author={Musulin, S. E. and Mariani, C. L. and Papich, M. G.}, year={2011}, month={Feb}, pages={17–24} }
 @article{muguet-chanoit_olby_lim_gallagher_niman_dillard_campbell_early_mariani_muñana_et al._2011, title={The Cutaneous Trunci Muscle Reflex: A Predictor of Recovery in Dogs with Acute Thoracolumbar Myelopathies Caused by Intervertebral Disc Extrusions}, volume={41}, ISSN={0161-3499}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2011.00921.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1532-950x.2011.00921.x}, abstractNote={ObjectiveTo determine whether changes in the cutaneous trunci muscle (CTM) reflex are an early predictor of outcome in dogs with severe acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE).}, number={2}, journal={Veterinary Surgery}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Muguet-Chanoit, Audrey C. and Olby, Natasha J. and Lim, Ji-Hey and Gallagher, Ryan and Niman, Zachary and Dillard, Stacy and Campbell, James and Early, Peter and Mariani, Christopher L. and Muñana, Karen R. and et al.}, year={2011}, month={Dec}, pages={200–206} }
 @article{lim_boozer_mariani_piedrahita_olby_2010, title={Generation and Characterization of Neurospheres from Canine Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2152-4971"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cell.2009.0093}, DOI={10.1089/cell.2009.0093}, abstractNote={Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) have been identified as a powerful stem cell source for cellular transplantation therapy. The dog is increasingly used as a model of human neurological disease; however, few studies have reported induction of canine ADSCs to neural lineages. We characterized canine ADSCs and investigated whether they could be induced to differentiate into neural lineages. Subcutaneous adipose tissue collected from the dorsal epaxial region of adult dogs aged from 1 to 6 years was cultured to produce ADSCs that were then induced to neural lineages. RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry were performed to characterize these cell populations. Morphologically fibroblast-like ADSCs were isolated and had similar characteristics to mesenchymal stem cells. Under neurogenic conditions containing basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, ADSCs formed spherical cellular aggregates that resembled neurospheres. RT-PCR confirmed expression of Sox2 and CD90 by these aggregates. Expression of neural stem/progenitor markers (Nestin, Sox2, Vimentin) and neural lineage markers (A2B5, GFAP, Tuj1) was shown on immunocytochemistry. After differentiation, 60% of the cells were Tuj1 positive. In conclusion, we isolated and generated neural progenitor cells from canine ADSCs. ADSCs have potential for future autologous cell transplantation therapy for neurological disorders.}, number={4}, journal={CELLULAR REPROGRAMMING}, author={Lim, Ji-Hey and Boozer, Lindsay and Mariani, Christopher L. and Piedrahita, Jorge A. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2010}, month={Aug}, pages={417–425} }
 @inbook{mariani_2010, place={St. Louis, MO}, edition={7th edition.}, title={Neuromuscular Junction Disease}, booktitle={Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Saunders Elsevier}, author={Mariani, C.L.}, editor={Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E.C.Editors}, year={2010}, pages={1473–1477} }
 @inbook{mariani_2010, place={St. Louis, MO}, edition={7th edition.}, title={Peripheral Nerve Disorders}, booktitle={Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Saunders Elsevier}, author={Mariani, C.L.}, editor={Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E.C.Editors}, year={2010}, pages={1462–1467} }
 @article{reitman_olby_mariani_thomas_breen_bigner_mclendon_yan_2009, title={IDH1 and IDH2 hotspot mutations are not found in canine glioma}, volume={127}, ISSN={0020-7136}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.25017}, DOI={10.1002/ijc.25017}, abstractNote={Human diffuse and anaplastic astrocytomas, well-differenti-ated and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and secondary glio-blastomas frequently (>70%) contain somatic mutations ofthe R132 codon of the cytoplasmic NADPþ-dependent iso-citrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) or the corresponding R172codon in its homolog, IDH2.}, number={1}, journal={International Journal of Cancer}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Reitman, Zachary J. and Olby, Natasha J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Thomas, Rachael and Breen, Matthew and Bigner, Darell D. and McLendon, Roger E. and Yan, Hai}, year={2009}, month={Oct}, pages={245–246} }
 @article{sessums_mariani_2009, title={Intracranial Meningioma in dogs and cats. A comparative review}, volume={31}, number={7}, journal={Compendium of Continuing Education for Veterinarians}, author={Sessums, K. and Mariani, C.L.}, year={2009}, pages={330–339} }
 @article{sessums_mariani_2009, title={Intracranial meningioma in dogs and cats: A comparative review}, volume={31}, number={7}, journal={Compendium-Continuing Education for Veterinarians}, author={Sessums, K. and Mariani, C.}, year={2009}, pages={330–339} }
 @article{levkoff_marshall_ross_caldeira_reynolds_cakiroglu_mariani_streit_laywell_2008, title={Bromodeoxyuridine Inhibits Cancer Cell Proliferation In Vitro and In Vivo}, volume={10}, ISSN={1476-5586}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1593/neo.08382}, DOI={10.1593/neo.08382}, abstractNote={The thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA and has been shown to increase the susceptibility of incorporating cells to ionizing radiation. However, in the absence of secondary stressors, BrdU is thought to substitute relatively benignly for thymidine and is commonly used to "birth-date" proliferative cells. We report a novel antiproliferative effect of BrdU on cancer cells, which is independent of its role in radiosensitization. A single, brief in vitro exposure to BrdU induces a profound and sustained reduction in the proliferation rate of all cancer cells examined. Cells do not die but variably up-regulate some senescence-associated proteins as they accumulate in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Bromodeoxyuridine also impairs the proliferative capacity of primary tumor-initiating human glioma cells and may therefore represent a means of targeting cancer stem cells. Finally, conservative in vivo BrdU regimens--in the absence of any other treatment--significantly suppress the progression of gliomas in the highly aggressive, syngeneic RG2 model. These results suggest that BrdU may have an important role as an adjunctive therapeutic for a wide variety of cancers based on new insights into its effect as a negative regulator of cell cycle progression.}, number={8}, journal={Neoplasia}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Levkoff, Lindsay H. and Marshall, Gregory P., II and Ross, Heather H. and Caldeira, Maria and Reynolds, Brent A. and Cakiroglu, Meryem and Mariani, Christopher L. and Streit, Wolfgang J. and Laywell, Eric D.}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={804–IN13} }
 @article{holawaychuk_hansen_hanel_marks_mariani_2007, title={Head Trauma}, volume={9}, number={6}, journal={Standards of Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medicine}, author={Holawaychuk, M.K. and Hansen, B.G. and Hanel, R.M. and Marks, S.L. and Mariani, C.L.}, year={2007}, pages={1–8,16} }
 @article{mariani_rajon_bova_streit_2007, title={Nonspecific immunotherapy with intratumoral lipopolysaccharide and zymosan A but not GM-CSF leads to an effective anti-tumor response in subcutaneous RG-2 gliomas}, volume={85}, ISSN={["1573-7373"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-007-9415-2}, DOI={10.1007/s11060-007-9415-2}, abstractNote={{"Label"=>"PURPOSE", "NlmCategory"=>"OBJECTIVE"} Nonspecific stimulation of cells of the immune system may be useful in generating an anti-tumor response for a variety of cancers and may work synergistically with currently available cytotoxic therapies. In this study we examined the response of syngeneic rat gliomas to treatment with several nonspecific stimulators of dendritic cells and macrophages alone or in combination with radiation therapy. {"Label"=>"EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN", "NlmCategory"=>"METHODS"} RG-2 gliomas were implanted subcutaneously and treated with intratumoral (IT) injections of the toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and zymosan A (ZymA) and the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Combination treatment with IT LPS and single-fraction external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) was also evaluated. {"Label"=>"RESULTS", "NlmCategory"=>"RESULTS"} Treatment with IT LPS and ZymA delayed tumor growth compared to saline controls. Multiple doses of both substances were superior to single doses, and led to complete tumor regression in 71% (LPS) and 50% (ZymA) of animals. GM-CSF showed no anti-tumor effects in this study. Combinations of IT LPS and EBRT appeared to have a synergistic effect in delaying tumor growth. Rechallenge studies and IT LPS treatment of RG-2 tumors in nude rats suggested the importance of T cells in this treatment paradigm. {"Label"=>"CONCLUSIONS", "NlmCategory"=>"CONCLUSIONS"} Direct IT treatment with the TLR ligands LPS and ZymA are effective in generating an anti-tumor response. These treatments may synergize with cytotoxic therapies such as EBRT, and appear to require T cells for a successful outcome.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Rajon, Didier and Bova, Francis J. and Streit, Wolfgang J.}, year={2007}, month={Dec}, pages={231–240} }
 @article{wong_mariani_powe_clemmons_2007, title={Teratoma in the Cervical Spinal Cord of a Dog}, volume={43}, ISSN={0587-2871 1547-3317}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0430292}, DOI={10.5326/0430292}, abstractNote={An 11-year-old, spayed female giant schnauzer was presented for evaluation of chronic, progressive tetraparesis. Diagnostic imaging was consistent with intervertebral disk protrusion, and surgical decompression and stabilization were performed. Postoperatively the dog did not improve, and further imaging suggested an intramedullary mass at the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. The dog was euthanized 7 days after surgery, and a teratoma was found postmortem.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association}, publisher={American Animal Hospital Association}, author={Wong, Michael A. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Powe, Joshua R. and Clemmons, Roger M.}, year={2007}, month={Sep}, pages={292–297} }
 @article{mariani_2007, title={The Neurologic Examination and Neurodiagnostic Techniques for Reptiles}, volume={10}, ISSN={1094-9194}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvex.2007.04.004}, DOI={10.1016/j.cvex.2007.04.004}, abstractNote={This article will focus on specifics of performing the neurologic examination and neurodiagnostic testing in reptiles, and how these examinations differ from those performed in more conventional species. Physical examination and history are discussed, as well as invasive and noninvasive testing modalities.}, number={3}, journal={Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2007}, month={Sep}, pages={855–891} }
 @article{mariani_kouri_streit_2006, title={Rejection of RG-2 gliomas is mediated by microglia and T lymphocytes}, volume={79}, ISSN={0167-594X 1573-7373}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11060-006-9137-x}, DOI={10.1007/s11060-006-9137-x}, abstractNote={Immunotherapy holds great promise for the treatment of invasive brain tumors, and we are interested specifically in evaluating immune stimulation of microglial cells as one potential strategy. In order to better understand the tumor fighting capabilities of microglial cells, we have compared the responses of syngeneic (Fisher 344) and allogeneic (Wistar) rat strains after intracranial implantation of RG-2 gliomas. Animals were evaluated by clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and immunohistochemistry for microglial and other immune cell antigens. While lethal RG-2 gliomas developed in all of the Fisher 344 rats, tumors grew variably in the Wistar strain, sometimes reaching considerable sizes, but eventually all of them regressed. Tumor regression was associated with greater numbers of T cells and CD8 positive cells and increases in MHC I and CD4 positive microglia. Our findings suggest that the combined mobilization of peripheral and CNS endogenous immune cells is required for eradicating large intracranial tumors.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Neuro-Oncology}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Kouri, Joshua G. and Streit, Wolfgang J.}, year={2006}, month={Apr}, pages={243–253} }
 @article{streit_conde_fendrick_flanary_mariani_2005, title={Role of microglia in the central nervous system's immune response}, volume={27}, journal={Neurological Research}, author={Streit, W.J. and Conde, J.R. and Fendrick, S.E. and Flanary, B.E. and Mariani, C.L.}, year={2005}, pages={685–691} }
 @article{barnes_chrisman_mariani_sims_alleman_2004, title={Clinical signs, underlying cause, and outcome in cats with seizures: 17 cases (1997-2002)}, volume={225}, ISSN={0003-1488}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.2004.225.1723}, DOI={10.2460/javma.2004.225.1723}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={11}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Barnes, Heidi L. and Chrisman, Cheryl L. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Sims, Marclyn and Alleman, Arthur R.}, year={2004}, month={Dec}, pages={1723–1726} }
 @article{thompson_graham_mariani_2003, place={Thompson MS, Graham JP, Mariani CL}, title={Diagnosis of a porto-azygous shunt using helical computed tomography angiography.}, volume={44}, ISSN={1058-8183 1740-8261}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8261.2003.tb00457.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1740-8261.2003.tb00457.x}, abstractNote={Congenital portosystemic shunts occur uncommonly in dogs. Conventional diagnostic methods either do not offer simultaneous diagnosis and anatomic characterization or require an invasive selective catheterization. Helical computed tomography (HCT) is a rapid, noninvasive means of acquiring crosssectional images of any portion of the body. Combined with a peripheral venous injection of contrast medium, HCT can produce computer‐rendered, “angiogram‐like” images of vasculature. These computer‐ generated multiplanar and three‐dimensional HCT angiographic images were helpful in the diagnosis and accurate anatomic characterization of a porto‐azygous shunt. A brief discussion of scanner and contrast medium protocol considerations necessary to achieve adequate vascular opacification for volumetric data reconstructions and diagnosis are outlined.}, number={3}, journal={Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Thompson, Margret S. and Graham, John P. and Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2003}, month={May}, pages={287–291} }
 @article{mariani_2003, title={Full recovery following delayed neurologic signs after smoke inhalation in a dog}, volume={13}, ISSN={1479-3261 1476-4431}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1534-6935.2003.00101.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1534-6935.2003.00101.x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, Christopher L.}, year={2003}, month={Dec}, pages={235–239} }
 @book{chrisman_mariani_platt_clemmons_2003, place={Jackson, Wyoming}, title={Neurology for the Small Animal Practitioner}, ISBN={9781893441828}, publisher={Teton NewMedia}, author={Chrisman, C. and Mariani, C.L. and Platt, S.R. and Clemmons, R.M.}, year={2003} }
 @inbook{mariani_2003, place={Kansas City}, title={Spongy Degeneration}, booktitle={CD Canis}, publisher={Vetstream, Inc}, author={Mariani, C.L.}, year={2003} }
 @article{mariani_platt_scase_howerth_chrisman_clemmons_2002, title={Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis Caused by Cladosporium spp. in Two Domestic Shorthair Cats}, volume={38}, ISSN={0587-2871 1547-3317}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0380225}, DOI={10.5326/0380225}, abstractNote={Two domestic shorthair cats presented for clinical signs related to multifocal central nervous system dysfunction. Both cats had signs of vestibular system involvement and anisocoria, and one had generalized seizure activity. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed a neutrophilic pleocytosis with protein elevation in one cat and pyogranulomatous inflammation in the second. Electroencephalography and brain-stem auditory-evoked potentials in the first cat confirmed cerebral cortical and brain-stem involvement. Euthanasia was performed in both cats, and postmortem diagnoses of phaeohyphomycosis secondary to Cladosporium spp. were made based on histopathology and fungal culture in both cats.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association}, publisher={American Animal Hospital Association}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Platt, Simon R. and Scase, Timothy J. and Howerth, Elizabeth W. and Chrisman, Cheryl L. and Clemmons, Roger M.}, year={2002}, month={May}, pages={225–230} }
 @article{mariani_fulton_2001, title={Atypical Reaction to Acetaminophen Intoxication in a Dog}, volume={11}, ISSN={1479-3261 1476-4431}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.2001.tb00078.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1476-4431.2001.tb00078.x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Fulton, Robert B.}, year={2001}, month={Jun}, pages={123–126} }
 @article{mariani_platt_newell_terrell_chrisman_clemmons_2001, title={Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral cortical necrosis (polioencephalomalacia) in a dog.}, volume={42}, ISSN={1058-8183 1740-8261}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00981.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00981.x}, abstractNote={A 3‐year‐old neutered female mixed breed dog as examined because of severe, generalized seizure activity, tetraparesis, and encepha‐lopathic signs. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluation was unremarkable except for a mild increase in protein. Serum and CSF titers for infectious diseases were negative. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examination of the brain was performed and lesions were found within the cerebral gray matter of the temporal and parietal lobes. The lesions had increased signal intensity on T1, T2, and proton density‐weighted images. There was mild inhomogeneous enhancement following intravenous contrast medium administration. Neurologic status improved and the seizures were well controlled, but the dog never regained normal mentation and euthanasia was performed 10 weeks after initial evaluation. At necropsy, severe cerebral cortical necrosis was found in the regions corresponding to the lesions seen on MR imaging examination. Large numbers of fat‐containing mac‐rophages (gitter cells) were found within these areas, and are thought to be responsible for the characteristic hyperintensity seen on the MR images.}, number={6}, journal={Veterinary Radiology Ultrasound}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Platt, Simon R. and Newell, Susan M. and Terrell, Scott P. and Chrisman, Cheryl L. and Clemmons, Roger M.}, year={2001}, month={Nov}, pages={524–531} }
 @article{mariani_clemmons_graham_phillips_chrisman_2001, place={Mariani CL}, title={Magnetic resonance imaging of spongy degeneration of the central nervous system in a Labrador retriever}, volume={42}, ISSN={1058-8183 1740-8261}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00941.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00941.x}, abstractNote={A 7‐month‐old, neutered female Labrador Retriever was evaluated for tetraparesis and subtle cerebellar dysfunction. Clinical signs progressed over a period of 6 weeks to severe ataxia, hypermetria, intention tremors, and finally non‐ambulatory tetraparesis. On magnetic resonance imaging of the brain there were large, bilaterally symmetrical, ovoid lesions in the region of the deep cerebellar nuclei that were hyperintense on T2‐weighted and proton density images and hypointense on T1‐weighted images. There were similar but smaller bilaterally symmetrical lesions present within the thalamus. Euthanasia was performed and lesions consistent with the previously described spongy degeneration of Labrador Retrievers were identified. This disease and its relation to similar human heritable leuko‐dystrophies are discussed.}, number={4}, journal={Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mariani, Christopher L. and Clemmons, Roger M. and Graham, John P. and Phillips, Lynette A. and Chrisman, Cheryl L.}, year={2001}, month={Jul}, pages={285–290} }
 @article{mariani_shelton_alsup_1999, title={Paraneoplastic polyneuropathy and subsequent recovery following tumor removal in a dog}, volume={35}, ISSN={0587-2871 1547-3317}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-35-4-302}, DOI={10.5326/15473317-35-4-302}, abstractNote={A 10-year-old, intact female Brittany spaniel was presented for evaluation of progressive tetraparesis. Physical examination and diagnostic testing revealed masses within the right mammary chain and left caudal lung lobe. Neuromuscular electrodiagnostic and histopathological findings were compatible with a peripheral polyneuropathy. Upon removal of the tumors, the dog's paresis disappeared. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case in the veterinary literature of improvement following therapy of a suspected paraneoplastic neuropathy.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association}, publisher={American Animal Hospital Association}, author={Mariani, CL and Shelton, SB and Alsup, JC}, year={1999}, month={Jul}, pages={302–305} }