@article{copple_robertson_thrall_samei_2013, title={EVALUATION OF TWO OBJECTIVE METHODS TO OPTIMIZE KVP AND PERSONNEL EXPOSURE USING A DIGITAL INDIRECT FLAT PANEL DETECTOR AND SIMULATED VETERINARY PATIENTS}, volume={54}, ISSN={["1740-8261"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1740-8261.2012.01989.x}, abstractNote={It is important to optimize digital radiographic technique settings for small animal imaging in order to maximize image quality while minimizing radiation exposure to personnel. The purpose of this study was to evaluate two objective methods for determining optimal kVp values for an indirect flat panel digital detector. One method considered both image quality and personnel exposure as endpoints and one considered only image quality. Phantoms simulated veterinary patients of varying thicknesses with lesions of varying sizes. Phantoms were exposed to a range of kVp values (60, 81, 100, and 121), using different mAs settings for each phantom. Additionally, all phantoms were exposed to a standard test exposure of 100 kVp/2.5 mAs. Scattered radiation was recorded and used as a measure of personnel exposure. When personnel exposure was considered, a figure of merit was calculated as an endpoint of optimization. The optimal kVp value for each phantom was determined based on the highest signal difference‐to‐noise ratio with or without inclusion of the figure of merit. When personnel exposure was not considered, increasing kVp resulted in higher signal difference‐to‐noise ratios and personnel exposure increased when both patient thickness and kVp increased. Findings indicated that a single standard technique of 100 kVp/2.5 mAs was only optimal for most medium‐sized patients. Images of thinner patients should be made with a lower kVp. Very large patients require a higher kVp than 100 regardless of the optimization method used. Personnel exposure from optimized techniques was low and not expected to exceed annual occupational dose limits.}, number={1}, journal={VETERINARY RADIOLOGY & ULTRASOUND}, author={Copple, Christina and Robertson, Ian D. and Thrall, Donald E. and Samei, Ehsan}, year={2013}, pages={9–16} }
 @article{boswell_fogle_linder_copple_2013, title={What Is Your Diagnosis?}, volume={242}, ISSN={0003-1488}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.242.3.311}, DOI={10.2460/javma.242.3.311}, abstractNote={HistoryA 12-year-old Clydesdale gelding was evaluated because of worsening skin lesions of 9 years' duration.Lesions were located distally on all limbs and previously diagnosed as pastern dermatitis.Lesions had not improved with treatments that included bathing, homeopathic remedies, and soaking the distal portion of the limbs in various solutions.Lesions extended proximally from the coronary band to the level of the carpus and tarsus.Areas were affected by severe regional lichenification with scaling, hyperkeratosis, and multifocal to coalescing firm nodules (1.0 to 3.0 cm in diameter), which were occasionally ulcerated.Where thickened skin folded, a purulent exudate and crusting were often present and cutaneous myiasis was a complicating feature.The remainder of findings on clinical examination were unremarkable.To evaluate lymphatic flow, nuclear lymphoscintigraphy of the right thoracic and right pelvic limbs was performed with technetium Tc 99m sulfur colloid.Following a described protocol, 1 the radiopharmaceutical was injected SC proximal to the coronary band at 4 equidistant sites on the lateral aspect of the limb.After injection, lateral, 1-minute static images of the right thoracic and right pelvic limbs were acquired at 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes (Figure 1).}, number={3}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Boswell, Stacie G. and Fogle, Callie A. and Linder, Keith and Copple, Christina N.}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={311–313} }
 @article{gookin_copple_papich_poore_stauffer_birkenheuer_twedt_levy_2006, title={Efficacy of ronidazole for treatment of feline Tritrichomonas foetus infection}, volume={20}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1892/0891-6640(2006)20[536:EORFTO]2.0.CO;2}, abstractNote={Objectives: To determine the efficacy of ronidazole (RDZ), tinidazole (TDZ), and metronidazole (MDZ) against Tritrichomonas foetus in vitro and of RDZ for treatment of feline naturally occurring or experimentally induced T foetus infection. Animals: A cat naturally infected with T foetus infection and diarrhea. Ten specific-pathogen-free (SPF) kittens. Procedure: RDZ, TDZ, and MDZ were tested for activity against 3 different feline isolates of T foetus in vitro. RDZ then was administered to a naturally infected cat at 10 mg/kg PO q24h for 10 days. SPF kittens were infected orogastrically with feline T foetus and treated with either placebo or RDZ (10 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days). Cats with relapsing infection or those receiving placebo were treated subsequently with RDZ (either 30 or 50 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days). Feces were examined for T foetus by direct microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing weekly. Results: Both RDZ and TDZ killed T foetus at concentrations .0.1 mg/mL in vitro. In the naturally infected cat, RDZ abolished diarrhea and T foetus infection for 85 days after treatment, at which time infection and diarrhea relapsed. Retreatment with RDZ eradicated diarrhea and T foetus infection for over 407 days. In experimentally induced infection, RDZ at 10 mg/kg caused initial improvement, but infection relapsed in all 5 cats 2 to 20 weeks after treatment. At 30 or 50 mg/kg, 10/10 cats were negative for T foetus infection for follow-up durations of 21 to 30 weeks after treatment. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Oral administration of RDZ at 30 to 50 mg/kg q12h for 14 days resolved diarrhea and eradicated infection (on the basis of polymerase chain reaction [PCR] testing) in 1 naturally infected cat and 10 experimentally inoculated cats receiving a different isolate of T foetus.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Gookin, Jody L. and Copple, Christina N. and Papich, Mark G. and Poore, Matthew F. and Stauffer, Stephen H. and Birkenheuer, Adam J. and Twedt, David C. and Levy, Michael G.}, year={2006}, pages={536–543} }