Carolyn Young

Brungardt, J., Alarcon, Y., Shiller, J., Young, C., Monteros, M. J., Randall, J. J., & Bock, C. H. (2024). Transcriptome profile of pecan scab resistant and susceptible trees from a pecan provenance collection. BMC GENOMICS, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10010-0

Young, C. A. (2023, May). Fescue Toxicosis: Understanding the Fungal Cause and the Fungal Solution. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 101. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad068.003

Berry, D., Lee, K., Winter, D., Mace, W., Becker, Y., Nagabhyru, P., … Scott, B. (2022). Cross-species transcriptomics identifies core regulatory changes differentiating the asymptomatic asexual and virulent sexual life cycles of grass-symbiotic Epichloë fungi. G3. https://doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac043

Bock, C. H., Frusso, E., Zoppolo, R., Ortiz, E. R., Shiller, J., Charlton, N. D., … Randall, J. J. (2022). Population Genetic Characteristics and Mating Type Frequency of Venturia effusa from Pecan in South America. Phytopathology®. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-22-0031-R

Quenu, M., Treindl, A. D., Lee, K., Takemoto, D., Thünen, T., Ashrafi, S., … Cox, M. P. (2022). Telomere-to-Telomere Genome Sequences across a Single Genus Reveal Highly Variable Chromosome Rearrangement Rates but Absolute Stasis of Chromosome Number. Journal of Fungi, 8(7), 670. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8070670

Bock, C. H., Young, C. A., Zhang, M., Chen, C., Brannen, P. M., Adaskaveg, J., & Charlton, N. D. (2021). Mating Type Idiomorphs, Heterothallism, and High Genetic Diversity in Venturia carpophila, Cause of Peach Scab. Phytopathology®, 111(2), 408–424. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-19-0485-R

Mattupalli, C., Shiller, J. B., Kankanala, P., Krom, N., Marek, S. M., Mysore, K. S., & Young, C. A. (2021). The First Genomic Resources for Phymatotrichopsis omnivora, a Soilborne Pezizomycete Pathogen with a Broad Host Range. Phytopathology®, 111(10), 1897–1900. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-01-21-0014-A

Winter, D. J., Charlton, N. D., Krom, N., Shiller, J., Bock, C. H., Cox, M. P., & Young, C. A. (2020). Chromosome-Level Reference Genome of Venturia effusa, Causative Agent of Pecan Scab. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, 33(2), 149–152. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-08-19-0236-A

Krauss, J., Vikuk, V., Young, C., Krischke, M., Mueller, M. J., & Baerenfaller, K. (2020). Correction: Krauss, J., et al. <i>Epichloë</i> Endophyte Infection Rates and Alkaloid Content in Commercially Available Grass Seed Mixtures in Europe. <i>Microorganisms</i> 2020, <i>8</i>, 498. Microorganisms. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101616

Krauss, J., Vikuk, V., Young, C. A., Krischke, M., Mueller, M. J., & Baerenfaller, K. (2020). Epichloë Endophyte Infection Rates and Alkaloid Content in Commercially Available Grass Seed Mixtures in Europe. Microorganisms, 8(4), 498. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040498

Charlton, N. D., Yi, M., Bock, C. H., Zhang, M., & Young, C. A. (2020). First description of the sexual stage of Venturia effusa, causal agent of pecan scab. Mycologia, 112(4), 711–721. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2020.1759998

Winter, D. J., Charlton, N. D., Krom, N., Shiller, J., Bock, C. H., Cox, M. P., & Young, C. A. (2019, August 24). Chromosome-level genome reference of Venturia effusa, causative agent of pecan scab (Vol. 8). Vol. 8. https://doi.org/10.1101/746198

Mattupalli, C., Seethepalli, A., York, L. M., & Young, C. A. (2019). Digital Imaging to Evaluate Root System Architectural Changes Associated with Soil Biotic Factors. Phytobiomes Journal, 3(2), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1094/PBIOMES-12-18-0062-R

Leuchtmann, A., Young, C. A., Stewart, A. V., Simpson, W. R., Hume, D. E., & Scott, B. (2019). Epichloe novae-zelandiae, a new endophyte from the endemic New Zealand grass Poa matthewsii. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 8, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.2019.1651344

Charlton, N. D., Yi, M., Bock, C. H., Zhang, M., & Young, C. A. (2019, September 30). First description of the sexual stage of Venturia effusa, causal agent of pecan scab (Vol. 9). Vol. 9. https://doi.org/10.1101/785790

Vikuk, V., Young, C. A., Lee, S. T., Nagabhyru, P., Krischke, M., Mueller, M. J., & Krauss, J. (2019). Infection Rates and Alkaloid Patterns of Different Grass Species with Systemic Epichloë Endophytes. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 85(17). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00465-19

Berry, D., Mace, W., Rehner, S. A., Grage, K., Dijkwel, P. P., Young, C. A., & Scott, B. (2019). Orthologous peramine and pyrrolopyrazine‐producing biosynthetic gene clusters in Metarhizium rileyi, Metarhizium majus and Cladonia grayi. Environmental Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14483

Bushman, B. S., Singh, D., Lamp, R., Young, C. A., Charlton, N. D., Robins, J. G., & Anderson, N. (2019). Variation Among Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) Germplasm for Choke Prevalence Caused by Epichloë typhina. Plant Disease, 103(2), 324–330. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-18-0867-RE

Young, C. A., & Kinkel, L. L. (2018). A Year of Phytobiomes. Phytobiomes Journal, 2(2), 53–54. https://doi.org/10.1094/PBIOMES-05-18-0023-E

Mattupalli, C., Seethepalli, A., York, L. M., & Young, C. A. (2018, December 23). Digital imaging to evaluate root system architectural changes associated with soil biotic factors. https://doi.org/10.1101/505321

Young, C. A., Bock, C. H., Charlton, N. D., Mattupalli, C., Krom, N., Bowen, J. K., … Wood, B. W. (2018). Evidence for Sexual Reproduction: Identification, Frequency, and Spatial Distribution of Venturia effusa (Pecan Scab) Mating Type Idiomorphs. Phytopathology®, 108(7), 837–846. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-17-0233-R

Bock, C. H., Young, C. A., Stevenson, K. L., & Charlton, N. D. (2018). Fine-Scale Population Genetic Structure and Within-Tree Distribution of Mating Types of Venturia effusa, Cause of Pecan Scab in the United States. Phytopathology®, 108(11), 1326–1336. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-02-18-0068-R

Yi, M., Hendricks, W. Q., Kaste, J., Charlton, N. D., Nagabhyru, P., Panaccione, D. G., & Young, C. A. (2018). Molecular identification and characterization of endophytes from uncultivated barley. Mycologia, 110(3), 453–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1464818

Winter, D. J., Ganley, A. R. D., Young, C. A., Liachko, I., Schardl, C. L., Dupont, P.-Y., … Cox, M. P. (2018). Repeat elements organise 3D genome structure and mediate transcription in the filamentous fungus Epichloë festucae. PLOS Genetics, 14(10), e1007467. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007467

Winter, D. J., Ganley, A. R. D., Young, C. A., Liachko, I., Schardl, C. L., Dupont, P.-Y., … Cox, M. P. (2018, June 4). Repeat elements organize 3D genome structure and mediate transcription in the filamentous fungus Epichloë festucae (Vol. 6). Vol. 6. https://doi.org/10.1101/339010

Mattupalli, C., Moffet, C. A., Shah, K. N., & Young, C. A. (2018). Supervised Classification of RGB Aerial Imagery to Evaluate the Impact of a Root Rot Disease. Remote Sensing. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060917

Mitic, M., Berry, D., Brasell, E., Green, K., Young, C. A., Saikia, S., … Scott, B. (2017). Disruption of calcineurin catalytic subunit (cnaA) in Epichloë festucae induces symbiotic defects and intrahyphal hyphae formation. Molecular Plant Pathology, 10. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12624

Shymanovich, T., Charlton, N. D., Musso, A. M., Scheerer, J., Cech, N. B., Faeth, S. H., & Young, C. A. (2017). Interspecific and intraspecific hybrid Epichloë species symbiotic with the North American native grass Poa alsodes. Mycologia, 109(3), 459–474. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2017.1340779

Bastias, D. A., Ueno, A. C., Assefh, C. R. M., Alvarez, A. E., Young, C. A., & Gundel, P. E. (2017). Metabolism or behavior: explaining the performance of aphids on alkaloid-producing fungal endophytes in annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). Oecologia, 185(2), 245–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3940-2

Bock, C. H., Hotchkiss, M. W., Young, C. A., Charlton, N. D., Chakradhar, M., Stevenson, K. L., & Wood, B. W. (2017). Population Genetic Structure of Venturia effusa, Cause of Pecan Scab, in the Southeastern United States. Phytopathology, 107(5), 607–619. https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto-10-16-0376-r

Shi, C., An, S., Yao, Z., Young, C. A., Panaccione, D. G., Lee, S. T., … Li, C. (2017). Toxin-producing Epichloë bromicola strains symbiotic with the forage grass Elymus dahuricus in China. Mycologia, 1, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2018.1426941

Sneck, M. E., Rudgers, J. A., Young, C. A., & Miller, T. E. X. (2017). Variation in the Prevalence and Transmission of Heritable Symbionts Across Host Populations in Heterogeneous Environments. Microbial Ecology, 74(3), 640–653. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-017-0964-4

Young, C. A., & Kinkel, L. (2017). Welcome to Phytobiomes. Phytobiomes Journal. https://doi.org/10.1094/PBIOMES-12-16-0018-E

Rudgers, J. A., Fletcher, R. A., Olivas, E., Young, C. A., Charlton, N. D., Pearson, D. E., … Oecologia. (2016). Long-term ungulate exclusion reduces fungal symbiont prevalence in native grasslands. 181(4), 1151–1161, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3620-7

ROGERS, J. A. M. E. S. K., WALKER, N. A. T. H. A. N. R., & YOUNG, C. A. R. O. L. Y. N. A. (2016). The Effect of Endophytic Fungi on Nematode Populations in Summer-dormant and Summer-active Tall Fescue. Journal of Nematology, 48(2), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2017-013

Kazenel, M. R., Debban, C. L., Ranelli, L., Hendricks, W. Q., Chung, Y. A., Pendergast, T. H., … Rudgers, J. A. (2015). A mutualistic endophyte alters the niche dimensions of its host plant. AoB PLANTS, 7(0), plv005–plv005. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plv005

Talukder, S. K., Azhaguvel, P., Mukherjee, S., Young, C. A., Tang, Y., Krom, N., & Saha, M. C. (2015). De Novo Assembly and Characterization of Tall Fescue Transcriptome under Water Stress. The Plant Genome, 8(2), 0. https://doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2014.09.0050

Berry, D., Takach, J. E., Schardl, C. L., Charlton, N. D., Scott, B., & Young, C. A. (2015). Disparate Independent Genetic Events Disrupt the Secondary Metabolism Gene perA in Certain Symbiotic Epichloë Species. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 81(8), 2797–2807. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.03721-14

Saikkonen, K., Young, C. A., Helander, M., & Schardl, C. L. (2015). Endophytic Epichloë species and their grass hosts: from evolution to applications. Plant Mol Biol, 90(6), 665–675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-015-0399-6

Young, C., Schardl, C., Panaccione, D., Florea, S., Takach, J., Charlton, N., … Jaromczyk, J. (2015). Genetics, Genomics and Evolution of Ergot Alkaloid Diversity. Toxins, 7(4), 1273–1302. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins7041273

Chen, L., Li, X., Li, C., Swoboda, G. A., Young, C. A., Sugawara, K., … Schardl, C. L. (2015). Two distinct Epichloe species symbiotic with Achnatherum inebrians, drunken horse grass. Mycologia, 107(4), 863–873. https://doi.org/10.3852/15-019

Shoji, J.-ya, Charlton, N. D., Yi, M., Young, C. A., & Craven, K. D. (2015). Vegetative Hyphal Fusion and Subsequent Nuclear Behavior in Epichloë Grass Endophytes. PLoS ONE, 10(4), e0121875. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121875

Takach, J. E., & Young, C. A. (2014). Alkaloid Genotype Diversity of Tall Fescue Endophytes. Crop Science, 54(2), 667. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2013.06.0423

Shymanovich, T., Saari, S., Lovin, M. E., Jarmusch, A. K., Jarmusch, S. A., Musso, A. M., … Faeth, S. H. (2014). Alkaloid Variation Among Epichloid Endophytes of Sleepygrass (Achnatherum robustum) and Consequences for Resistance to Insect Herbivores. J Chem Ecol, 41(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-014-0534-x

Young, C. A., Charlton, N. D., Takach, J. E., Swoboda, G. A., Trammell, M. A., Huhman, D. V., & Hopkins, A. A. (2014). Characterization of Epichloë coenophiala within the US: are all tall fescue endophytes created equal? Front. Chem., 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2014.00095

Pan, J., Bhardwaj, M., Faulkner, J. R., Nagabhyru, P., Charlton, N. D., Higashi, R. M., … Schardl, C. L. (2014). Ether bridge formation in loline alkaloid biosynthesis. Phytochemistry, 98, 60–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.11.015

Schardl, C. L., Chen, L., & Young, C. A. (2014, March). Fungal Endophytes of Grasses and Morning Glories, and Their Bioprotective Alkaloids. Natural Products, pp. 125–145. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118794623.ch7

Arif, M., Dobhal, S., Garrido, P. A., Orquera, G. K., Espíndola, A. S., Young, C. A., … Garzón, C. D. (2014). Highly Sensitive End-Point PCR and SYBR Green qPCR Detection of Phymatotrichopsis omnivora , Causal Fungus of Cotton Root Rot. Plant Disease, 98(9), 1205–1212. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-13-0505-re

Charlton, N. D., Craven, K. D., Afkhami, M. E., Hall, B. A., Ghimire, S. R., & Young, C. A. (2014). Interspecific hybridization and bioactive alkaloid variation increases diversity in endophytic Epichloë species of Bromus laevipes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol, 90(1), 276–289. https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12393

Rogers, J. K., Young, C. A., Mosali, J., Norton, S. L., & Hopkins, A. A. (2014). Stockpiled Forage Yield and Nutritive Value of Summer-Dormant and Summer-Active Tall Fescue in a Marginal Environment. Forage and Grazinglands, 12(1), 0. https://doi.org/10.2134/fg-2014-0065-rs

Schardl, C. L., Young, C. A., Pan, J., Florea, S., Takach, J. E., Panaccione, D. G., … Nagabhyru, P. (2013). Currencies of mutualisms: sources of alkaloid genes in vertically transmitted epichloae. Toxins, 6;5(6):1064-88.

Scott, B., Young, C., Saikia, S., McMillan, L., Monahan, B., Koulman, A., … Jameson, G. (2013). Deletion and Gene Expression Analyses Define the Paxilline Biosynthetic Gene Cluster in Penicillium paxilli. Toxins, 5(8), 1422–1446. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins5081422

Young, C. A., Hume, D. E., & McCulley, R. L. (2013). FORAGES AND PASTURES SYMPOSIUM: Fungal endophytes of tall fescue and perennial ryegrass: Pasture friend or foe? Journal of Animal Science, 91(5), 2379–2394. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2012-5951

Schardl, C. L., Young, C. A., Hesse, U., Amyotte, S. G., Andreeva, K., Calie, P. J., … Zeng, Z. (2013). Plant-Symbiotic Fungi as Chemical Engineers: Multi-Genome Analysis of the Clavicipitaceae Reveals Dynamics of Alkaloid Loci. PLoS Genet, 9(2), e1003323. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1003323

Singh, R., Interrante, S. M., Butler, T. J., & Young, C. A. (2012). Characterization and Effectiveness of Co-inoculation of Strains on Annual Medics. Crop Science, 0(0), 1. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2011.08.0459

Schardl, C. L., Young, C. A., Faulkner, J. R., Florea, S., & Pan, J. (2012). Chemotypic diversity of epichloae, fungal symbionts of grasses. Fungal Ecology, 5(3), 331–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2011.04.005

Schardl, C. L., Young, C. A., Faulkner, F. S., JR, & Pan, J. (2012). Chemotypic diversity of epichloae, fungal symbionts of grasses. Fungal Ecology, 30;5(3):331-44.

Parish, J. A., Parish, J. R., Best, T. F., Boland, H. T., & Young, C. A. (2012). Effects of selected endophyte and tall fescue cultivar combinations on steer grazing performance, indicators of fescue toxicosis, feedlot performance, and carcass traits-. Journal of Animal Science, 91(1), 342–355. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2011-4725

Iannone, L. J., Novas, M. V., Young, C. A., Battista, J. P. D., & Schardl, C. L. (2012). Endophytes of native grasses from South America: Biodiversity and ecology. Fungal Ecology, 5(3), 357–363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2011.05.007

Charlton, N. D., Craven, K. D., Mittal, S., Hopkins, A. A., & Young, C. A. (2012). Epichloe canadensis, a new interspecific epichloid hybrid symbiotic with Canada wildrye (Elymus canadensis). Mycologia, 104(5), 1187–1199. https://doi.org/10.3852/11-403

Takach, J. E., Mittal, S., Swoboda, G. A., Bright, S. K., Trammell, M. A., Hopkins, A. A., & Young, C. A. (2012). Genotypic and Chemotypic Diversity of Neotyphodium Endophytes in Tall Fescue from Greece. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 78(16), 5501–5510. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.01084-12

Dierking, R. M., Young, C. A., & Kallenbach, R. L. (2012). Mediterranean and Continental Tall Fescue: I. Effects of Endophyte Status on Leaf Extension, Proline, Mono- and Disaccharides, Fructan, and Freezing Survivability. Crop Science, 52(1), 451. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0159

Fleetwood, D. J., Khan, A. K., Johnson, R. D., Young, C. A., Mittal, S., Wrenn, R. E., … Scott, B. (2011). Abundant Degenerate Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements in Genomes of Epichloid Fungal Endophytes of Grasses. Genome Biology and Evolution, 3(0), 1253–1264. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evr098

Interrante, S. M., Singh, R., Islam, M. A., Stein, J. D., Young, C. A., & Butler, T. J. (2011). Effectiveness of Inoculants on Annual Medics. Crop Science, 51(5), 2249. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2011.02.0076

Hopkins, A. A., Young, C. A., Butler, T. J., & Bouton, J. H. (2011). Registration of ‘Texoma’ MaxQ II Tall Fescue. Journal of Plant Registrations, 5(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.3198/jpr2010.02.0082crc

Hopkins, A. A., Young, C. A., Panaccione, D. G., Simpson, W. R., Mittal, S., & Bouton, J. H. (2010). Agronomic Performance and Lamb Health among Several Tall Fescue Novel Endophyte Combinations in the South-Central USA. Crop Science, 50(4), 1552. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.08.0473

UPPALAPATI, S. R. I. N. I. V. A. S. A. R. A. O., YOUNG, C. A. R. O. L. Y. N. A., MAREK, S. T. E. P. H. E. N. M., & MYSORE, K. I. R. A. N. K. U. M. A. R. S. (2010). Phymatotrichum (cotton) root rot caused by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora : retrospects and prospects. Molecular Plant Pathology, 11(3), 325–334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00616.x

Ghimire, S. R., Rudgers, J. A., Charlton, N. D., Young, C., & Craven, K. D. (2010). Prevalence of an intraspecific Neotyphodium hybrid in natural populations of stout wood reed (Cinna arundinacea L.) from eastern North America. Mycologia, 103(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.3852/10-154

Saha, M. C., Young, C. A., & Hopkins, A. A. (2009). Genetic Variation within and among Wildrye ( and ) Populations from the Southern Great Plains. Crop Science, 49(3), 913. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.04.0239

Haas, B. J., Kamoun, S., Zody, M. C., Jiang, R. H. Y., Handsaker, R. E., Cano, L. M., … Nusbaum, C. (2009). Genome sequence and analysis of the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans. NATURE, 461(7262), 393–398. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08358

Oh, S.-K., Young, C., Lee, M., Oliva, R., Bozkurt, T. O., Cano, L. M., … Kamoun, S. (2009). In Planta Expression Screens of Phytophthora infestans RXLR Effectors Reveal Diverse Phenotypes, Including Activation of the Solanum bulbocastanum Disease Resistance Protein Rpi-blb2. THE PLANT CELL ONLINE, 21(9), 2928–2947. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.109.068247

Young, C. A., Tapper, B. A., May, K., Moon, C. D., Schardl, C. L., & Scott, B. (2009). Indole-Diterpene Biosynthetic Capability of Epichloe Endophytes as Predicted by ltm Gene Analysis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75(7), 2200–2211. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.00953-08

Scott, B., Wrenn, R. E., May, K. J., Takemoto, D., Young, C. A., Tanaka, A., … Johnson, R. D. (2009, August). Regulation and Functional Analysis of Bioprotective Metabolite Genes from the Grass Symbiont Epichloe festucae. Recent Developments in Management of Plant Diseases, pp. 199–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8804-9_15

Vleeshouwers, V. G. A. A., Rietman, H., Krenek, P., Champouret, N., Young, C., Oh, S.-K., … Vossen, E. A. G. V. (2008). Effector Genomics Accelerates Discovery and Functional Profiling of Potato Disease Resistance and Phytophthora Infestans Avirulence Genes. PLoS ONE, 3(8), e2875. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002875

Hahn, H., McManus, M. T., Warnstorff, K., Monahan, B. J., Young, C. A., Davies, E., … Scott, B. (2008). Neotyphodium fungal endophytes confer physiological protection to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) subjected to a water deficit. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 63(1-3), 183–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2007.10.021

Saikia, S., Nicholson, M. J., Young, C., Parker, E. J., & Scott, B. (2008). The genetic basis for indole-diterpene chemical diversity in filamentous fungi. Mycological Research, 112(2), 184–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2007.06.015

Bradshaw, R. E., Jin, H., Morgan, B. S., Schwelm, A., Teddy, O. R., Young, C. A., & Zhang, S. (2006). A Polyketide Synthase Gene Required for Biosynthesis of the Aflatoxin-like Toxin, Dothistromin. Mycopathologia, 161(5), 283–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-006-0240-5

Young, C. A., Felitti, S., Shields, K., Spangenberg, G., Johnson, R. D., Bryan, G. T., … Scott, B. (2006). A complex gene cluster for indole-diterpene biosynthesis in the grass endophyte Neotyphodium lolii. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 43(10), 679–693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2006.04.004

Bos, J. I. B., Kanneganti, T.-D., Young, C., Cakir, C., Huitema, E., Win, J., … Kamoun, S. (2006). The C-terminal half of Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector AVR3a is sufficient to trigger R3a-mediated hypersensitivity and suppress INF1-induced cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana. The Plant Journal, 48(2), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02866.x

Bhattacharjee, S., Hiller, N. L., Liolios, K., Win, J., Kanneganti, T.-D., Young, C., … Haldar, K. (2006). The Malarial Host-Targeting Signal Is Conserved in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen. PLoS Pathog, 2(5), e50. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0020050

Young, C. A., Bryant, M. K., Christensen, M. J., Tapper, B. A., Bryan, G. T., & Scott, B. (2005). Molecular cloning and genetic analysis of a symbiosis-expressed gene cluster for lolitrem biosynthesis from a mutualistic endophyte of perennial ryegrass. Mol Genet Genomics, 274(1), 13–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-005-1130-0

Damrongkool, P., Damrongkool, P., Sedlock, A. B., Damrongkool, P., Sedlock, A. B., Young, C. A., … Panaccione, D. G. (2005). Structural analysis of a peptide synthetase gene required for ergopeptine production in the endophytic fungus Neotyphodium lolii. DNA Sequence, 16(5), 379–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/10425170500273005

Scott, B., & Young, C. (2003, July). Genetic Manipulation of Clavicipitalean Endophytes. Clavicipitalean Fungi. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203912706.ch14

McMillan, L. K., Carr, R. L., Young, C. A., Astin, J. W., Lowe, R. G. T., Parker, E. J., … Scott, B. (2003). Molecular analysis of two cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes required for paxilline biosynthesis in Penicillium paxilli , and effects of paxilline intermediates on mammalian maxi-K ion channels. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 270(1), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-003-0887-2

Panaccione, D. G., Johnson, R. D., Wang, J., Young, C. A., Damrongkool, P., Scott, B., & Schardl, C. L. (2001). Elimination of ergovaline from a grass-Neotyphodium endophyte symbiosis by genetic modification of the endophyte. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98(22), 12820–12825. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.221198698

Young, C., McMillan, L., Telfer, E., & Scott, B. (2001). Molecular cloning and genetic analysis of an indole-diterpene gene cluster from Penicillium paxilli. Mol Microbiol, 39(3), 754–764. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02265.x

Young, C., Itoh, Y., Johnson, R., Garthwaite, I., Miles, C. O., Munday-Finch, S. C., & Scott, B. (1998). Paxilline-negative mutants of Penicillium paxilli generated by heterologous and homologous plasmid integration. Current Genetics, 33(5), 368–377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002940050349

Scott, D. B. (1996). Novel and Complex Chromosomal Arrangement ofRhizobium/otiNodulation Genes. MPMI, 9(3), 187. https://doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-9-0187

STANGE, R. R., JEFFARES, D., YOUNG, C., SCOTT, D. B., EASON, J. R., & JAMESON, P. E. (1996). PCR amplification of the fas-1 gene for the detection of virulent strains of Rhodococcus fascians. Plant Pathology, 45(3), 407–417. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1996.d01-154.x

Hancock, K. R., Rockman, E., Young, C. A., Pearce, L., Maddox, I. S., & Scott, D. B. (1991). Expression and nucleotide sequence of the Clostridium acetobutylicum beta-galactosidase gene cloned in Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology, 173(10), 3084–3095. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.173.10.3084-3095.1991

Young, C., Collins-Emerson, J. M., Terzaghi, E. A., & Scott, D. B. (1990). Nucleotide sequence of Rhizobium loti nod I. Nucl Acids Res, 18(22), 6691–6691. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.22.6691

Young, C., & Wilkinson, H. H. Epichloë Endophytes: Models of an Ecological Strategy. Cellular and Molecular Biology of Filamentous Fungi, pp. 660–675. https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555816636.ch41

Scott, B., Young, C., Tanaka, A., Christenseq, M., Tapper, B., & Bryan, G. Molecular and Genetic Analysis of Lolitrem and Peramine Biosynthetic Pathways in Epkhloë Festucae. Neotyphodium in Cool-Season Grasses, pp. 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470384916.ch3

Scott, B., Young, C. A., Tanaka, A., & Parker, E. J. Molecular and genetic analysis of symbiosis expressed secondary metabolite genes from the mutualistic fungal endophytes Neotyphodium lolii and Epichloë festucae (G. D. Robson, P. West, & G. Gadd, Eds.). Exploitation of Fungi, pp. 59–77. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511902451.006