@article{giles_ferdous_halleran_yeatts_baynes_mzyk_2024, title={Flunixin meglumine tissue residues after intravenous administration in goats}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2023.1341779}, abstractNote={BackgroundFlunixin is commonly used in goats in an extra-label manner, indicating a significant need to determine withdrawal intervals for edible tissues.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Giles, Claire B. and Ferdous, Farha and Halleran, Jennifer L. and Yeatts, Jim L. and Baynes, Ronald E. and Mzyk, Danielle A.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @article{mzyk_giles_baynes_smith_2023, title={Milk residues following multiple doses of meloxicam and gabapentin in lactating dairy cattle}, volume={261}, ISSN={["1943-569X"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.23.06.0329}, DOI={10.2460/javma.23.06.0329}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Mzyk, Danielle A. and Giles, Claire B. and Baynes, Ronald E. and Smith, Geof W.}, year={2023}, month={Dec}, pages={1873–1879} }
 @article{halleran_magnin_mzyk_venable_streeter_coetzee_2021, title={Pharmacokinetics of grapiprant in goat kids at two different dosing regimens}, volume={205}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106531}, DOI={10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106531}, abstractNote={Most non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used in large animals have significant potential for adverse effects via inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes, such as gastric ulceration and nephrotoxicity. A new class of anti-inflammatory medications, the priprant class, act via inhibition of the P4 receptor of prostaglandin E2 and have no effect on cyclooxygenase enzymes potentially giving them a wider safety margin. Grapiprant is a medication currently labeled for the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs and no research is available regarding its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics parameters in small ruminants. To assess this, six cross bred goat kids were orally administered either 2 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg grapiprant (via a bottle with the tablets crushed in the milk) and blood samples were collected. Plasma samples underwent UPLC analysis. A non-compartmental analysis was performed to determine pharmacokinetic parameters. Wilcoxon’s ranked sum test was utilized to compare the two dosing groups for specific pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-∞, T1/2λ, CL/F and Vd/F). During the study, there were no adverse effects noted. For goat kids administered 2 mg/kg orally, the geometric mean for peak concentration is 203.35 ng/mL. For the goat kids administered 4 mg/kg orally, the geometric mean for peak concentration is 294.22 ng/mL. The results of this study demonstrate that plasma concentrations reached levels that have been shown to improve pain scores in rats and dogs and future studies are needed to assess its efficacy as an analgesic in ruminant species. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.}, journal={Small Ruminant Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Halleran, Jennifer and Magnin, Geraldine and Mzyk, Danielle and Venable, Sally and Streeter, Robert and Coetzee, Johann}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={106531} }
 @article{bublitz_mzyk_mays_fajt_hairgrove_baynes_2019, title={Comparative plasma and urine concentrations of flunixin and meloxicam in goats}, volume={174}, ISBN={1879-0941}, DOI={10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.01.013}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to compare plasma and urine concentrations of flunixin and meloxicam, in order to determine withdrawal intervals for animals at livestock shows where urine is routinely tested. Eleven goats were housed in individual metabolism cages to facilitate complete urine collection. All animals were randomly divided into one of two treatment groups and received either a single dose of 2.2 mg/kg flunixin in the muscle (n = 5) or 0.5 mg/kg meloxicam by mouth (n = 6). Flunixin meglumine was given via an intramuscular injection to evaluate the effect of extra label administration on the disposition of flunixin in goats. The information from this study represents a potential worst-case scenario for urine depletion and helps determine the withdrawal intervals needed for flunixin meglumine in show goats when administered in this extra label manner. Plasma and urine samples were collected over 360 h and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS). Goats were euthanized at the end of the study, and liver samples were collected at necropsy 15 days post dose in order to quantify any potential residues. Drug levels in urine reached peak concentrations between 8 and 16 h after dosing for both drugs. Flunixin urine concentrations were higher than maximum levels determined in plasma. Urine concentrations for both flunixin and meloxicam fell below the limit of detection (LOD) of 1.0 ng/mL by 240 h in all goats. Calculated harmonic mean apparent elimination half-life in plasma based on non-compartmental analysis was 5.4 ± 0.001 h and 10.3 ± 0.001 h for flunixin and meloxicam respectively. Five of six liver samples for goats administered meloxicam fell below the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5.0 ng/mL by 15 days. Four out of five liver samples for goats administered flunixin fell below the LOQ (5.0 ng/mL) by 15 days. Flunixin and meloxicam administered to healthy goats exhibited longer elimination from urine than plasma, but followed a similar and linear depletion profile. Urine concentrations did not correlate with liver residues. This study provides useful information that can assist livestock show authorities and veterinarians determine an appropriate withdrawal interval for show animals whose urine may be tested prior to competition.}, journal={SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH}, author={Bublitz, Claire M. and Mzyk, Danielle A. and Mays, Travis and Fajt, Virginia R. and Hairgrove, Thomas and Baynes, Ronald E.}, year={2019}, month={May}, pages={40–46} }
 @article{mzyk_bublitz_martinez_davis_baynes_smith_2019, title={Impact of bovine respiratory disease on the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and tulathromycin in different ages of calves}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218864}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0218864}, abstractNote={Pneumonia is one of the most economically important respiratory diseases of calves and knowledge of the impact of clinical disease on pharmacokinetics (PK) in young calves is limited. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy and PK of two antibiotics, tulathromycin and danofloxacin, in two age groups of calves experimentally infected with Pasteurella multocida. Both danofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, and tulathromycin, a macrolide antibiotic is approved for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). To evaluate potential influences of age and disease on drug distribution and elimination in calves, plasma, interstitial fluid (ISF), and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) were analyzed for drug concentrations. Concentrations for both drugs in the PELF were estimated by a urea dilution assay of the collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Age was determined to be a significant covariate for calves administered danofloxacin and tulathromycin for plasma PK parameters. For calves administered danofloxacin, the area under the curve (AUC) in the plasma was lower in 6-month old calves (18.9 ± 12.6 hr* μg/mL) vs. 3-week old calves (32.0 ± 8.2 hr* μg/mL). Clearance (CL/F) of danofloxacin was higher in 6-month old calves. In contrast, tulathromycin plasma concentrations were higher in 6 month old calves and CL/F was higher in 3-week old calves. Age did not significantly influence the ISF concentrations of danofloxacin or tulathromycin in calves with respiratory disease, unlike previous studies which reported higher ISF concentrations of danofloxacin and tulathromycin in 6-month old calves when compared to younger calves. PELF concentrations were higher than plasma and ISF for both danofloxacin and tulathromycin, but did not differ between age groups. Potential reasons for age-related differences on plasma concentration–time profiles and the impact of disease on the partitioning of the drug from the blood to the lungs and ISF as a function of age are explored.}, number={6}, journal={PLOS ONE}, publisher={Public Library of Science (PLoS)}, author={Mzyk, Danielle A. and Bublitz, Claire M. and Martinez, Marilyn N. and Davis, Jennifer L. and Baynes, Ronald E. and Smith, Geof W.}, editor={Gladue, DouglasEditor}, year={2019}, month={Jun} }
 @article{udiani_mason_smith_mzyk_gehring_tell_riviere_baynes_2018, title={Automation and applications of the tolerance limit method in estimating meat withdrawal periods for veterinary drugs}, volume={146}, ISSN={["1872-7107"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2018.02.005}, DOI={10.1016/j.compag.2018.02.005}, abstractNote={A program was written in R to facilitate the implementation of the tolerance limit method (TLM) for establishing regulatory withdrawal times for limiting drug residues in meat, milk, and eggs. The developed computer source code can use pharmacokinetic and regulatory data to calculate the drug withdrawal period according to United States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) guidelines. The code called the “Withdrawal Time Calculator (WTC)” applied this TLM method to meat samples. The program was tested with the data provided by the U.S. FDA guidance and other published data collected from in vivo studies. Additional algorithm validation data were flunixin and sulfamethazine liver concentration data from peer-reviewed publications generated by our laboratory. This manuscript reports the withdrawal period results from testing the developed WTC code. Moreover, the source code for the WTC contains a data removal algorithm, constructed according to U.S. FDA data elimination recommendations if the user chooses. The power of the WTC is that it bypasses the use of multiple platforms typically required to perform the TLM, including standard commercial spreadsheet software (i.e., Microsoft Excel) and Statistical Analysis System (SAS) while providing speed and usability. This novel program provides a platform to calculate a withdrawal period recommendation for any drug in any class of animal for various regulatory body standards and could be very helpful in cases of extra-label drug use in food animals.}, journal={COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Udiani, O. and Mason, S. and Smith, G. and Mzyk, D. and Gehring, R. and Tell, L. and Riviere, J. E. and Baynes, R. E.}, year={2018}, month={Mar}, pages={125–135} }
 @article{mzyk_bublitz_hobgood_martinez_davis_smith_baynes_2018, title={Effect of age on plasma protein binding of several veterinary drugs in dairy Check for calves 2}, volume={121}, ISSN={["1532-2661"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.09.004}, abstractNote={The intent of this study was to determine what influence, if any, increasing age has on the binding of drugs to plasma proteins in cattle. Plasma from three different cohorts of calves were used. The first group (n = 20) had plasma samples taken at 1, 7 and 21 days of age. These were compared to results from a second group of calves at 8 weeks and third group sampled at 6 months of age. The plasma protein binding of danofloxacin, florfenicol, flunixin meglumine and tulathromycin was determined in vitro via microcentrifugation using three different drug concentrations spiked into the individual plasma samples derived from each calf. Albumin concentrations were lowest at 1 day of age as compared to plasma samples taken from 2 month old and 6 month old calves. There were significant decreases in alpha1-acid glycoprotein in calves until 21 days of age. However, statistically significant age-effects on plasma protein binding were not observed for any of the drugs evaluated in this study. Findings from these calves suggest that age is not an important factor in the binding of these drugs to plasma proteins.}, journal={RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Mzyk, Danielle A. and Bublitz, Claire M. and Hobgood, Ginger D. and Martinez, Marilyn N. and Davis, Jennifer L. and Smith, Geof W. and Baynes, Ronald E.}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={59–64} }
 @article{mzyk_bublitz_hobgood_martinez_smith_baynes_2018, title={Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of tulathromycin in interstitial and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid in healthy calves}, volume={79}, ISSN={0002-9645}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.79.11.1193}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.79.11.1193}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={11}, journal={American Journal of Veterinary Research}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Mzyk, Danielle A. and Bublitz, Claire M. and Hobgood, Ginger D. and Martinez, Marilyn N. and Smith, Geof W. and Baynes, Ronald E.}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={1193–1203} }
 @article{mzyk_bublitz_sylvester_mullen_hobgood_baynes_foster_2018, title={Use of an ultrafiltration device in gland cistern for continuous sampling of healthy and mastitic quarters of lactating cattle for pharmacokinetic modeling}, volume={101}, url={https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-14849}, DOI={10.3168/jds.2018-14849}, abstractNote={Pharmacokinetic studies of the drugs in the milk are often limited due to infrequent sampling associated with milking. Alternatively, frequent sample collection with repeated milking may increase drug elimination. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of continuously sampling the udder using ultrafiltration. An ultrafiltration probe was placed into the gland cisterns through mammary parenchyma of normal and mastitic quarters of 6 mature mid-lactation Jersey cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis. An ultrafiltration probe was secured to the caudal or lateral aspect of the udder depending on the quarter being sampled. The timed interval samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 28, 32, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, and 96 h after drug administration. Plasma samples were collected at the same time points. Each cow received 2.2 mg/kg of flunixin intravenously before milking at time 0. All cows were routinely milked by machine every 12 h. Flunixin concentrations in plasma, whole milk, and milk ultrafiltrates were analyzed by use of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. We found no significant effects on the appearance of the milk or the ability to milk the cows after implantation of the ultrafiltration probes. The concentration of flunixin collected from the ultrafiltration probes in the mastitic quarters tended to be greater than that of the healthy quarters. We concluded that collection of ultrafiltration samples from the mammary gland of cows provides a viable means to continuously assess drug concentrations in the milk while continuing to milk the cow normally. This study demonstrates the utility of continuous sampling of milk via ultrafiltration for future pharmacokinetic studies in cattle.}, number={11}, journal={JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE}, author={Mzyk, Danielle and Bublitz, C. M. and Sylvester, H. and Mullen, K. A. E. and Hobgood, G. D. and Baynes, R. E. and Foster, Derek}, year={2018}, pages={10414–10420} }
 @article{sidhu_gehring_mzyk_marmulak_tell_baynes_vickroy_riviere_2017, title={Avoiding violative flunixin meglumine residues in cattle and swine}, volume={250}, ISSN={0003-1488}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.250.2.182}, DOI={10.2460/javma.250.2.182}, number={2}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Sidhu, Pritam K. and Gehring, Ronette and Mzyk, Danielle A. and Marmulak, Tara and Tell, Lisa A. and Baynes, Ronald E. and Vickroy, Thomas W. and Riviere, Jim E.}, year={2017}, month={Jan}, pages={182–189} }
 @article{mzyk_gehring_tell_vickroy_riviere_ragan_baynes_smith_2017, title={Considerations for extralabel drug use in calves}, volume={250}, ISSN={0003-1488}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.250.11.1275}, DOI={10.2460/javma.250.11.1275}, abstractNote={1275 Calfhood diseases have major negative economic consequences on beef and dairy operations owing to costs associated with treatment, long-term effects on growth and performance, and death of affected calves.1–3 The number of drugs approved for the treatment of diseased calves by the FDA is limited; however, veterinarians have the authority to administer drugs in an extralabel manner to that class of animals under provisions established by AMDUCA.4 Nevertheless, drug labels that state, “a withdrawal period has not been established for this product in preruminating calves” can cause confusion about whether those drugs can or cannot be administered to young calves. Pharmacokinetic and residue depletion studies for very few drugs have been performed in young calves, and extrapolation of drug WDTs established for adult cattle to calves might not be appropriate or adequate to avoid violative tissue residues, which makes ELDU in calves problematic and potentially difficult to justify. The purpose of this digest is to provide veterinarians with a summary of the considerations for ELDU in both beef and dairy calves as well as calves intended for veal production.}, number={11}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Mzyk, Danielle A. and Gehring, Ronette and Tell, Lisa A. and Vickroy, Thomas W. and Riviere, Jim E. and Ragan, Gail and Baynes, Ronald E. and Smith, Geof W.}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={1275–1282} }
 @article{mzyk_baynes_messenger_martinez_smith_2017, title={Pharmacokinetics and distribution in interstitial and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid of danofloxacin in ruminant and preruminant calves}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1365-2885"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvp.12346}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to compare active drug concentrations in the plasma vs. different effector compartments including interstitial fluid (ISF) and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) of healthy preruminating (3‐week‐old) and ruminating (6‐month‐old) calves. Eight calves in each age group were given a single subcutaneous (s.c.) dose (8 mg/kg) of danofloxacin. Plasma, ISF, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected over 96 h and analyzed by high‐pressure liquid chromatography. PELF concentrations were calculated by a urea dilution assay of the BAL fluids. Plasma protein binding was measured using a microcentrifugation system. For most preruminant and ruminant calves, the concentration–time profile of the central compartment was best described by a two‐compartment open body model. For some calves, a third compartment was also observed. The time to maximum concentration in the plasma was longer in preruminating calves (3.1 h) vs. ruminating calves (1.4 h). Clearance (CL/F) was 385.15 and 535.11 mL/h/kg in preruminant and ruminant calves, respectively. Ruminant calves maintained higher ISF/plasma concentration ratios throughout the study period compared to that observed in preruminant calves. Potential reasons for age‐related differences in plasma concentration–time profiles and partitioning of the drug to lungs and ISF as a function of age are explored.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS}, author={Mzyk, D. A. and Baynes, R. E. and Messenger, K. M. and Martinez, M. and Smith, G. W.}, year={2017}, month={Apr}, pages={179–191} }
 @article{baynes_dedonder_kissell_mzyk_marmulak_smith_tell_gehring_davis_riviere_2016, title={Health concerns and management of select veterinary drug residues}, volume={88}, ISSN={0278-6915}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.FCT.2015.12.020}, DOI={10.1016/j.fct.2015.12.020}, abstractNote={The aim of this manuscript is to review the potential adverse health effects in humans if exposed to residues of selected veterinary drugs used in food-producing animals. Our other objectives are to briefly inform the reader of why many of these drugs are or were approved for use in livestock production and how drug residues can be mitigated for these drugs. The selected drugs include several antimicrobials, beta agonists, and phenylbutazone. The antimicrobials continue to be of regulatory concern not only because of their acute adverse effects but also because their use as growth promoters have been linked to antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, nitroimidazoles and arsenicals are no longer approved for use in food animals in most jurisdictions. In recent years, the risk assessment and risk management of beta agonists, have been the focus of national and international agencies and this manuscript attempts to review the pharmacology of these drugs and regulatory challenges. Several of the drugs selected for this review can cause noncancer effects (e.g., penicillins) and others are potential carcinogens (e.g., nitroimidazoles). This review also focuses on how regulatory and independent organizations manage the risk of these veterinary drugs based on data from human health risk assessments.}, journal={Food and Chemical Toxicology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Baynes, Ronald E. and Dedonder, Keith and Kissell, Lindsey and Mzyk, Danielle and Marmulak, Tara and Smith, Geof and Tell, Lisa and Gehring, Ronette and Davis, Jennifer and Riviere, Jim E.}, year={2016}, month={Feb}, pages={112–122} }
 @article{lindquist_wu_mason_yeatts_brooks_barlow_schill_baynes_2014, title={Tetracycline Residues in Porcine Stomach after Administration via Drinking Water on a Swine Farm}, volume={77}, ISSN={["1944-9097"]}, DOI={10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-199}, abstractNote={Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat infections in swine. The maximum residue levels of tetracycline in pork stomach tissue in Russia, Europe, and the United States are 10, 200, and 2,000 ppb, respectively. This difference in accepted safety levels may be the reason why stomach tissues that the United States exports continue to be residue violators in overseas markets. In this study, 30 pigs at two different stages of production (weanling and finisher) were treated with tetracycline at 22 mg/kg of body weight per day for a total of 5 days via a water medicator. Blood samples were collected at 0, 72, 78, 96, and 102 h after the start of medication. The medication was stopped at 120 h, and blood samples were again collected at 126, 144, 168, 192, and 216 h after exposure. Five animals were slaughtered for stomach tissue 0, 24, 48, 96, and 192 h after the drug was flushed from the water line. All blood and tissue samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-UV methods. The tetracycline levels in plasma were below the level of detection after the U.S.-labeled withdrawal time of 4 days. The stomach tissue residues averaged 671.72, 330.31, 297.77, 136.36, and 268.08 ppb on withdrawal days 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8, respectively. Using the U.S. Food and Drug Administration tolerance limit method and a population-based pharmacokinetic model with Monte Carlo simulation, a withdrawal interval was estimated. This study demonstrated that tetracycline residues are still detectable in the stomach tissues after the established United States withdrawal time of 4 days. These residue levels may explain why stomach tissues tested in Russia and Europe show positive residues for tetracycline, even though the meat may pass inspection here in the United States prior to export.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION}, author={Lindquist, Danielle and Wu, Huali and Mason, Sharon and Yeatts, Jim and Brooks, Jim and Barlow, Beth and Schill, Kaitlyn and Baynes, Ronald}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={122–126} }
 @article{martinez_lindquist_modric_2010, title={Terminology Challenges: Defining Modified Release Dosage Forms in Veterinary Medicine}, volume={99}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.22095}, DOI={10.1002/jps.22095}, abstractNote={Terminologies for describing dosage form release characteristics for human pharmaceuticals have been addressed by bodies such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH), and the US Pharmacopeia (USP). While the definition for terms such as "immediate release," "modified release," "extended release," and "delayed release" are now well accepted for human pharmaceuticals, confusion still exists within the veterinary community. In part, this confusion is attributable to differences between human and veterinary dosage forms (such as the preponderance of parenteral vs. oral extended release products for use in animals vs. the focus on oral extended release formulations for human use) which reflect interspecies differences in physiology and conditions of use. It also simply reflects a lack of attention to existing definitions. In an effort to remedy this problem, this manuscript reflects an initial effort to suggest definitions that may be appropriate for describing formulation effects in veterinary medicine.}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Martinez, Marilyn N. and Lindquist, Danielle and Modric, Sanja}, year={2010}, month={Aug}, pages={3281–3290} }
 @article{bublitz_mzyk_mays_fajt_hairgrove_baynes, title={Comparative urine residues of flunixin and meloxicam in show goats}, volume={41}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, author={Bublitz, C. M. and Mzyk, D. A. and Mays, T. and Fajt, V. R. and Hairgrove, T. and Baynes, R. E.}, pages={24–24} }
 @misc{baynes_dedonder_kissell_mzyk_marmulak_smith_tell_gehring_davis_riviere, title={Health concerns and management of select veterinary drug residues}, volume={88}, journal={Food and Chemical Toxicology}, author={Baynes, R. E. and Dedonder, K. and Kissell, L. and Mzyk, D. and Marmulak, T. and Smith, G. and Tell, L. and Gehring, R. and Davis, J. and Riviere, J. E.}, pages={112–122} }
 @article{mzyk_bublitz_martinez_davis_baynes_smith, title={Impact of bovine respiratory disease on the pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and tulathromycin in different ages of calves}, volume={41}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, author={Mzyk, D. A. and Bublitz, C. M. and Martinez, M. N. and Davis, J. L. and Baynes, R. E. and Smith, G. W.}, pages={33–33} }