@article{gookin_hartley_aicher_mathews_cullen_cullen_callahan_stowe_seiler_jacob_et al._2023, title={Gallbladder microbiota in healthy dogs and dogs with mucocele formation}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0281432}, abstractNote={To date studies have not investigated the culture-independent microbiome of bile from dogs, a species where aseptic collection of bile under ultrasound guidance is somewhat routine. Despite frequent collection of bile for culture-based diagnosis of bacterial cholecystitis, it is unknown whether bile from healthy dogs harbors uncultivable bacteria or a core microbiota. The answer to this question is critical to understanding the pathogenesis of biliary infection and as a baseline to exploration of other biliary diseases in dogs where uncultivable bacteria could play a pathogenic role. A pressing example of such a disease would be gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs. This prevalent and deadly condition is characterized by excessive secretion of abnormal mucus by the gallbladder epithelium that can eventually lead to rupture of the gallbladder or obstruction of bile flow. The cause of mucocele formation is unknown as is whether uncultivable, and therefore unrecognized, bacteria play any systematic role in pathogenesis. In this study we applied next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify the culture-negative bacterial community of gallbladder bile from healthy dogs and gallbladder mucus from dogs with mucocele formation. Integral to our study was the use of 2 separate DNA isolations on each sample using different extraction methods and sequencing of negative control samples enabling recognition and curation of contaminating sequences. Microbiota findings were validated by simultaneous culture-based identification, cytological examination of bile, and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) performed on gallbladder mucosa. Using culture-dependent, cytological, FISH, and 16S rRNA sequencing approaches, results of our study do not support existence of a core microbiome in the bile of healthy dogs or gallbladder mucus from dogs with mucocele formation. Our findings further document how contaminating sequences can significantly contribute to the results of sequencing analysis when performed on samples with low bacterial biomass.}, number={2}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Gookin, Jody L. and Hartley, Ashley N. and Aicher, Kathleen M. and Mathews, Kyle G. and Cullen, Rachel and Cullen, John M. and Callahan, Benjamin J. and Stowe, Devorah M. and Seiler, Gabriela S. and Jacob, Megan E. and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{gilbertie_schaer_engiles_seiler_deddens_schubert_jacob_stefanovski_ruthel_hickok_et al._2022, title={A Platelet-Rich Plasma-Derived Biologic Clears Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms While Mitigating Cartilage Degeneration and Joint Inflammation in a Clinically Relevant Large Animal Infectious Arthritis Model}, volume={12}, ISSN={2235-2988}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.895022}, DOI={10.3389/fcimb.2022.895022}, abstractNote={The leading cause of treatment failure in Staphylococcus aureus infections is the development of biofilms. Biofilms are highly tolerant to conventional antibiotics which were developed against planktonic cells. Consequently, there is a lack of antibiofilm agents in the antibiotic development pipeline. To address this problem, we developed a platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-derived biologic, termed BIO-PLY (for the BIOactive fraction of Platelet-rich plasma LYsate) which has potent in vitro bactericidal activity against S. aureus synovial fluid free-floating biofilm aggregates. Additional in vitro studies using equine synoviocytes and chondrocytes showed that BIO-PLY protected these cells of the joint from inflammation. The goal of this study was to test BIO-PLY for in vivo efficacy using an equine model of infectious arthritis. We found that horses experimentally infected with S. aureus and subsequently treated with BIO-PLY combined with the antibiotic amikacin (AMK) had decreased bacterial concentrations within both synovial fluid and synovial tissue and exhibited lower systemic and local inflammatory scores compared to horses treated with AMK alone. Most importantly, AMK+BIO-PLY treatment reduced the loss of infection-associated cartilage proteoglycan content in articular cartilage and decreased synovial tissue fibrosis and inflammation. Our results demonstrate the in vivo efficacy of AMK+BIO-PLY and represents a new approach to restore and potentiate antimicrobial activity against synovial fluid biofilms.}, journal={Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Gilbertie, Jessica M. and Schaer, Thomas P. and Engiles, Julie B. and Seiler, Gabriela S. and Deddens, Bennett L. and Schubert, Alicia G. and Jacob, Megan E. and Stefanovski, Darko and Ruthel, Gordon and Hickok, Noreen J. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{stowe_fiebrandt_druley_taylor_2022, title={Implementation of a Fine Needle Aspirate Simulation Model}, volume={49}, ISSN={0748-321X 1943-7218}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2020-0157}, DOI={10.3138/jvme-2020-0157}, abstractNote={Being able to appropriately perform fine needle aspiration (FNA) collecting techniques and sample preparation is essential in obtaining a diagnostic sample, which is a critical skill for veterinary practitioners. Collection and preparation of cytologic samples are skills gained through practice. Experience leads to refinement of technique and improved diagnostic quality. Using live patients for mass skills training is not feasible; therefore, an aspiration simulation model and laboratory session was developed to reinforce physical exam skills, appropriate selection of sample collection supplies, and collection technique. Materials for the models include Ping-Pong balls, silicone, instant vanilla pudding mix, water, and stuffed animals. The laboratory session allows veterinary students to practice lesion identification, isolation, aspiration, and successful preparation. Subsequent submission of the collected sample involves being able to expel and spread the sample on a slide and proper labeling. While the simulation experience was initially developed for a short course with 12 students, it has recently been incorporated into the required clinical pathology clinical year rotation for up to 100 fourth-year veterinary students. The model is inexpensive and efficient and allows for technique development and immediate instructor assessment and feedback.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Medical Education}, publisher={University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)}, author={Stowe, Devorah M. and Fiebrandt, Kate E. and Druley, Gail E. and Taylor, Abi J.}, year={2022}, month={Aug}, pages={432–436} }
 @article{wheatley_stowe_2022, title={Incidental immitis; a microfilaria medley}, volume={51}, ISSN={0275-6382 1939-165X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13121}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.13121}, abstractNote={Veterinary Clinical PathologyVolume 51, Issue 1 p. 6-7 YESTERDAY • TODAY • TOMORROW Incidental immitis; a microfilaria medley Meagan A. Wheatley, Corresponding Author Meagan A. Wheatley mawheatl@ncsu.edu Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorDevorah M. Stowe, Devorah M. Stowe Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author Meagan A. Wheatley, Corresponding Author Meagan A. Wheatley mawheatl@ncsu.edu Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorDevorah M. Stowe, Devorah M. Stowe Department of Public Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 25 March 2022 https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13121Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume51, Issue1March 2022Pages 6-7 RelatedInformation}, number={1}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Wheatley, Meagan A. and Stowe, Devorah M.}, year={2022}, month={Mar}, pages={6–7} }
 @article{marin_lewbart_stowe_2022, title={What is your diagnosis? Coelomic fluid in an Eastern River Cooter (
            <i>Pseudemys concinna concinna
            )}, volume={8}, ISSN={0275-6382 1939-165X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13142}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.13142}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Marin, Jessica and Lewbart, Gregory A. and Stowe, Devorah}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{stowe_schoenfeld-tacher_royal_neel_2021, title={Evaluation of Retention of Veterinary Clinical Pathology Knowledge between Second-Year and Fourth-Year Clinical Pathology Courses}, volume={48}, ISSN={0748-321X 1943-7218}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2020-0038}, DOI={10.3138/jvme-2020-0038}, abstractNote={There is a concern over long-term retention of knowledge in professional programs. The goal of this study was to evaluate the retention of veterinary clinical pathology knowledge between the fourth-semester and fourth-year clinical pathology courses. We hypothesize that students will forget a significant amount of content area knowledge between the fourth semester and fourth year in the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) program. We further hypothesize that a review of material during the fourth-year clinical pathology rotation will help students rebuild existing knowledge and increase performance on specific test questions, between T2 (rotation pre-test) and T3 (rotation post-test). Initial mastery of course material was assessed via a 94-item multiple-choice final exam (T1) given in the semester 4 clinical pathology course. Retention of course material from semester 4 to year 4 was assessed via a 55-item multiple-choice pre-test, administered at the start of the clinical pathology rotation in year 4 while learning/mastery during the clinical rotation was assessed via a 55-item multiple-choice post-test, administered at the end of each clinical pathology rotation. In this study, evidence of knowledge retention between semester 4 and year 4 was 55.5%. There is a small increase in the measure of knowledge gain from the beginning to the end of the rotation. As an added benefit, we were able to use identified trends for retention of knowledge within specific subject areas as a mechanism to evaluate the effectiveness of our course and reallocate additional instructional time to topics with poorer retention.}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Medical Education}, publisher={University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress)}, author={Stowe, Devorah M. and Schoenfeld-Tacher, Regina M. and Royal, Kenneth D. and Neel, Jennifer A.}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={664–669} }
 @article{graham_tefft_stowe_jacob_robertson_hawkins_2021, title={Factors associated with clinical interpretation of tracheal wash fluid from dogs with respiratory disease: 281 cases (2012-2017)}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16052}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16052}, abstractNote={Background Clinicians face several dilemmas regarding tracheal washes (TWs) for the diagnosis of respiratory disease, including method and prediction of bacterial growth from cytology results. Objective To compare cytology and culture of endotracheal and transtracheal washes and identify factors associated with discordancy and bacterial growth. Animals Two hundred forty-five dogs with respiratory disease. Methods Retrospective study. Tracheal wash submissions were included if cellularity was sufficient for cytologic interpretation and aerobic cultures were performed. Collection technique, cytology, bacterial growth, and antibiotic history were analyzed. Results Fewer transtracheal specimens (9/144, 6.3%) were excluded for hypocellularity than endotracheal (28/174, 16.1%); otherwise, results were similar and were combined. Of 281 specimens with cellularity sufficient for interpretation, 97 (34.5%) had bacteria on cytology and 191 (68.0%) had bacterial growth. Cytology positive/culture negative discordancy was uncommon (8/97, 8%). Cytology negative/culture positive discordancy was frequent (102/184, 55.4%), but occurred less often (28/184, 14.2%) when only 1+ growth or greater was considered positive. Oropharyngeal contamination was associated with bacterial growth, but not discordancy. No association was found between antibiotic administration and bacterial growth. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Endotracheal wash fluid, in particular, should be screened for gross mucus or turbidity to maximize the likelihood of an adequate specimen. Otherwise, endotracheal and transtracheal specimens were similar. Presence of bacteria on cytology was a good predictor of any growth, while their absence was a good predictor of the absence of growth of 1+ or more. Recent antibiotic usage should not discourage TW culture if there is compelling reason to avoid delay.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Graham, Amber M. and Tefft, Karen M. and Stowe, Devorah M. and Jacob, Megan E. and Robertson, James B. and Hawkins, Eleanor C.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={1073–1079} }
 @article{mochizuki_stowe_2021, title={Hematologic and clinical characteristics of dogs with circulating macrophage-like cells}, volume={50}, ISSN={["1939-165X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12962}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12962}, abstractNote={Background Macrophage-like (ML) cells are rarely observed on blood smear examinations, and the significance of these cells has been poorly described. Objective The objective of this study was to retrospectively describe selected hematologic and clinical characteristics of dogs with ML cells in peripheral blood. Materials and Methods Complete blood count (CBC) reports with blood smear evaluations from the clinical pathology laboratory records at North Carolina University College of Veterinary Medicine were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected over a 10-year-period. Dogs were defined as having circulating ML cells if three or more ML cells were present on a single blood smear. Hematologic and clinical data of dogs with circulating ML cells were compared with age-matched hospital-derived control dogs. Results Of 61,631 CBC records, 87 reports (0.14%) described the presence of ML cells. Thirty-nine dogs met the inclusion criteria. The hemogram of dogs with circulating ML cells was characterized by a pronounced inflammatory and stress leukogram, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Of the 39 dogs, 19 (49%) had systemic or severe localized inflammatory/necrotic diseases. Eighteen (46%) dogs were diagnosed with neoplasia of histiocytic (5) and non-histiocytic origins (13). Dogs with circulating ML cells had a shorter median survival time (34 days) than the control dogs (595 days, P < .0001), with an increased occurrence of death/euthanasia within 1 month (3.89-fold). However, the presence of circulating ML cells was not found to be an independent prognostic factor in a multivariable model. Conclusions The hemograms and diagnoses of dogs with ML cells suggest that severe inflammatory conditions or histiocytic and non-histiocytic neoplasia are common causes for circulating ML cells.}, number={1}, journal={VETERINARY CLINICAL PATHOLOGY}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mochizuki, Hiroyuki and Stowe, Devorah M.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={37–44} }
 @article{stowe_schoenfeld-tacher_hammond_hedgpeth_neel_2021, title={Impact of online courses and grading framework on student learning and motivation}, volume={4}, ISSN={2590-1761}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ehp.ehp_27_21}, DOI={10.4103/ehp.ehp_27_21}, abstractNote={Background: At our institution, the COVID-19 pandemic led to an abrupt change from traditional in-person instruction to remote teaching along with a concurrent change from letter grades to satisfactory/marginal/unsatisfactory grading. Objectives: The aims of this study were to explore the effects of changes in instructional delivery on students’ learning and retention of the material and to assess students’ motivation to learn. Methods: The study consisted of two phases. Phase 1 involved the administration of an academic motivation survey and a clinical pathology exam using online platforms. Phase 2 involved conducting a focus group to further explore student experiences during the change in course instruction. Results: The academic motivation survey revealed that both prior to and during the pandemic, the main drivers for student achievement were an interest in learning the content due to anticipated relevance in clinical practice, as well as a desire to master course goals. While the students predicted feeling more confident in their data interpretation ability in the traditionally taught topics vs. topics modified due to social distancing, the data from the content exam suggests that students showed better retention of topics taught in a modified manner. Lastly, the focus group revealed that participants perceived online learning to be more challenging due to the lack of in-person contact and increased frustration with technical issues. Conclusion: While moving courses online may make it more difficult to engage with the materials, peers, and instructors, there did not appear to be adverse effects on the overall student learning or content retention.}, number={3}, journal={Education in the Health Professions}, publisher={Medknow}, author={Stowe, DevorahM and Schoenfeld-Tacher, ReginaM and Hammond, Sarah and Hedgpeth, Mari-Wells and Neel, JenniferA}, year={2021}, pages={99} }
 @article{didomenico_fowler_horne_bizikova_schnabel_stowe_2021, title={Pathology in Practice}, volume={258}, ISSN={0003-1488}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.258.9.961}, DOI={10.2460/javma.258.9.961}, number={9}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={DiDomenico, Amy E. and Fowler, Alexander W. and Horne, Caitlyn R. and Bizikova, Petra and Schnabel, Lauren V. and Stowe, Devorah M.}, year={2021}, month={May}, pages={961–964} }
 @article{marin_mochizuki_mastromauro_stowe_2021, title={What is your diagnosis? Dermal mass in a dog}, volume={51}, ISSN={0275-6382 1939-165X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.13015}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.13015}, number={1}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Marin, Jessica and Mochizuki, Hiroyuki and Mastromauro, Michael and Stowe, Devorah M.}, year={2021}, month={Nov}, pages={161–163} }
 @article{chandler_mochizuki_snyder_stowe_2021, title={What is your diagnosis? Mass in the abdomen of a cat}, volume={50}, ISSN={0275-6382 1939-165X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12929}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12929}, abstractNote={Veterinary Clinical PathologyVolume 50, Issue 3 p. 465-467 WHAT IS YOUR DIAGNOSIS? What is your diagnosis? Mass in the abdomen of a cat Whitney Chandler, Whitney Chandler NCSU College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorHiroyuki Mochizuki, Hiroyuki Mochizuki orcid.org/0000-0002-1520-0393 Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorAmy Snyder, Amy Snyder Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorDevorah M. Stowe, Corresponding Author Devorah M. Stowe damarks@ncsu.edu orcid.org/0000-0002-4058-2995 Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Correspondence Devorah M. Stowe, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA Email: damarks@ncsu.eduSearch for more papers by this author Whitney Chandler, Whitney Chandler NCSU College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorHiroyuki Mochizuki, Hiroyuki Mochizuki orcid.org/0000-0002-1520-0393 Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorAmy Snyder, Amy Snyder Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorDevorah M. Stowe, Corresponding Author Devorah M. Stowe damarks@ncsu.edu orcid.org/0000-0002-4058-2995 Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Correspondence Devorah M. Stowe, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA Email: damarks@ncsu.eduSearch for more papers by this author First published: 26 July 2021 https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12929Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume50, Issue3September 2021Pages 465-467 RelatedInformation}, number={3}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Chandler, Whitney and Mochizuki, Hiroyuki and Snyder, Amy and Stowe, Devorah M.}, year={2021}, month={Jul}, pages={465–467} }
 @article{griffioen_stowe_trosclair_minter_vanetten_harrison_2020, title={Comparison of Dilution on Eastern Box Turtle (<i>Terrapene carolina carolina</i>) and Marine Toad<i>(Rhinella marinus</i>) Blood Parameters as Measured on a Portable Chemistry Analyzer}, volume={2020}, ISSN={2090-8113 2042-0048}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8843058}, DOI={10.1155/2020/8843058}, abstractNote={Biochemical testing is an important clinical tool in evaluating the physiology of reptiles and amphibians. Suitable point of care analyzers can allow for rapid delivery of results, but small patient size can inhibit sufficient sample collection. This study evaluated the utility of sample dilution with sterile distilled water as a means of biochemical evaluation when sample volume is limited. Blood was collected from 12 eastern box turtles ( Terrapene carolina carolina ) and 12 marine toads (Rhinella marinus ) and analyzed via i-STAT CHEM8+ cartridges. Two undiluted samples and two samples diluted 1 : 1 with sterile water were evaluated immediately following collection for each animal in the study. Analytes reported in the diluted samples were limited to glucose, ionized calcium, and total carbon dioxide. The expected dilution ratio value of diluted to undiluted samples was 0.5, of which glucose in both turtles and toads was nearest. Dilution ratio values for ionized calcium, however, were higher than expected in both turtles and toads. Sample dilution is not recommended for most analytes included on the CHEM8+ cartridge due to values occurring outside the limits of detection for the analyzer. Glucose and ionized calcium values obtained on diluted samples should be interpreted with caution but may provide clinical utility in reptile and amphibian patients where sample volume is limited.}, journal={Veterinary Medicine International}, publisher={Hindawi Limited}, author={Griffioen, John A. and Stowe, Devorah M. and Trosclair, Macy and Minter, Larry J. and Vanetten, Chelsey and Harrison, Tara M.}, year={2020}, month={Aug}, pages={1–7} }
 @inbook{haddad_stowe_neel_2020, place={St. Louis, MO}, edition={5}, title={Gastrointestinal Chapter}, booktitle={Cowell and Tyler’s Diagnostic Cytology and Hematology of the Dog and Cat}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Haddad, J. and Stowe, D.M. and Neel, J.}, editor={Valenciano, A.C. and Cowell, R.L.Editors}, year={2020}, pages={289–316} }
 @article{cerreta_houck_stowe_lewbart_2020, title={Hematology of the Keeled Box Turtle (Cuora Mouhotii)}, volume={1}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12857}, abstractNote={A healthy adult, intact female keeled box turtle (Cuora mouhotii) was found to have a marked heterophilic leukocytosis using normal hematologic parameters established for the eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina), a related chelonian species. This animal was monitored with serial complete blood counts (CBCs) over the next 15 years despite remaining asymptomatic for an infectious condition. Retrospective CBC data were compiled from 38 presumably healthy keeled box turtles to establish hematologic values for comparison in this species. Using this species-specific data, over the 15-year period, the female keeled box turtle had two times where the white blood cell (WBC) count was greater than 2 standard deviations (SD) above the mean, six times where the WBC count was greater than 1 SD above the mean, six times where the PCV was greater than 2 SD above the mean, and eight times where the PCV was greater than 1 SD above the mean. Infection and inflammation are the most common causes of leukocytosis in reptiles; however, given the clinical presentation of this patient, it was postulated that these clinicopathologic changes could be secondary to a stress response. Establishing reference intervals and understanding how stress impacts CBC parameters are important for evaluating the health status of keeled box turtles kept in captivity and for assessing the effects of environmental changes on the health status of wild populations of this endangered chelonian species.}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, author={Cerreta, Anthony and Houck, Emma and Stowe, Devorah and Lewbart, Greg}, year={2020}, month={Jan} }
 @article{cerreta_houck_stowe_lewbart_2020, title={Hematology of the keeled box turtle (Cuora mouhotii)}, volume={49}, ISSN={0275-6382 1939-165X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12857}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12857}, abstractNote={A healthy adult, intact female keeled box turtle (Cuora mouhotii) was found to have a marked heterophilic leukocytosis using normal hematologic parameters established for the eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina), a related chelonian species. This animal was monitored with serial complete blood counts (CBCs) over the next 15 years despite remaining asymptomatic for an infectious condition. Retrospective CBC data were compiled from 38 presumably healthy keeled box turtles to establish hematologic values for comparison in this species. Using this species-specific data, over the 15-year period, the female keeled box turtle had two times where the white blood cell (WBC) count was greater than 2 standard deviations (SD) above the mean, six times where the WBC count was greater than 1 SD above the mean, six times where the PCV was greater than 2 SD above the mean, and eight times where the PCV was greater than 1 SD above the mean. Infection and inflammation are the most common causes of leukocytosis in reptiles; however, given the clinical presentation of this patient, it was postulated that these clinicopathologic changes could be secondary to a stress response. Establishing reference intervals and understanding how stress impacts CBC parameters are important for evaluating the health status of keeled box turtles kept in captivity and for assessing the effects of environmental changes on the health status of wild populations of this endangered chelonian species.}, number={2}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Cerreta, Anthony and Houck, Emma and Stowe, Devorah and Lewbart, Greg}, year={2020}, month={Jun}, pages={227–231} }
 @article{meichner_stokol_tarigo_avery_burkhard_comazzi_fogle_stowe_rütgen_seelig_et al._2020, title={Multicenter flow cytometry proficiency testing of canine blood and lymph node samples}, volume={49}, ISSN={0275-6382}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12843}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12843}, abstractNote={Background Flow cytometry (FC) is used increasingly in veterinary medicine for further characterization of hematolymphoid cells. Guidelines for optimizing assay performance and interpretation of results are limited, and concordance of results across laboratories is unknown. Objectives This study aimed to determine inter-investigator agreement on the interpretation of FC results from split samples analyzed in different laboratories using various protocols, cytometers, and software; and on the interpretation of archived FC standard (FCS) data files contributed by the different investigators. Methods This was a multicenter observational cross-sectional study. Anticoagulated blood or lymph node aspirate samples from nine client-owned dogs were aliquoted and shipped to participating laboratories. Samples were analyzed with individual laboratory-developed protocols. In addition, FCS files from a set of separate samples from 11 client-owned dogs were analyzed by participating investigators. A person not associated with the study tabulated the results and interpretations. Agreement of interpretations was assessed with Fleiss’ kappa statistic. Results Prolonged transit times affected sample quality for some laboratories. Overall agreement among investigators regarding the FC sample interpretation was strong (κ = 0.86 ± 0.19, P < .001), and for specific categories, ranged from moderate to perfect. Agreement of the lymphoproliferation or other leukocyte sample category from the analysis of the FCS files was weak (κ = 0.58 ± 0.05, P < .001). Conclusions Lymphoproliferations were readily identified by FC, but identification of the categories of hematolymphoid neoplasia in fresh samples or archived files was variable. There is a need for a more standardized approach to maximize the enormous potential of FC in veterinary medicine.}, number={2}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Meichner, Kristina and Stokol, Tracy and Tarigo, Jaime and Avery, Anne and Burkhard, Mary J. and Comazzi, Stefano and Fogle, Jonathan and Stowe, Devorah Marks and Rütgen, Barbara and Seelig, Davis and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Apr}, pages={249–257} }
 @inbook{powers_stowe_2020, place={Hoboken, NJ}, title={Pigeons and Doves}, ISBN={9780470960356 9781119108610}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119108610.ch27}, DOI={10.1002/9781119108610.ch27}, booktitle={Exotic Animal Laboratory Diagnosis}, publisher={Wiley-Blackwell}, author={Powers, Lauren Virginia and Stowe, Devorah Marks}, editor={Heatley, J.J. and Russell, K.E.Editors}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={543–564} }
 @inbook{haddad_stowe_neel_2020, place={St. Louis, MO}, edition={5th}, title={The Gastrointestinal Tract}, booktitle={Cowell and Tyler’s Diagnostic Cytology and Hematology of the Dog and Cat}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Haddad, J. and Stowe, D.M. and Neel, J.}, editor={Valenciano, A.C. and Cowell, R.L.Editors}, year={2020}, pages={289–316} }
 @article{didomenico_stowe_lynch_2020, title={What is your diagnosis? Abdominal fluid from a dog}, volume={49}, ISSN={0275-6382 1939-165X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12815}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12815}, number={1}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={DiDomenico, Amy E. and Stowe, Devorah M. and Lynch, Alex M.}, year={2020}, month={Mar}, pages={164–166} }
 @article{mochizuki_eaton_breuhaus_stowe_2020, title={What is your diagnosis? Transtracheal wash in a horse}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1939-165X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12907}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12907}, number={4}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mochizuki, Hiroyuki and Eaton, Erin and Breuhaus, Babetta and Stowe, Devorah}, year={2020}, pages={675–677} }
 @article{nemec_kapatos_holmes_stowe_hess_2019, title={Cancer‐testis antigens in canine histiocytic sarcoma and other malignancies}, volume={17}, ISSN={1476-5810 1476-5829}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vco.12475}, DOI={10.1111/vco.12475}, abstractNote={Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are a category of self proteins aberrantly expressed in diverse malignancies, mostly solid tumours, due to epigenetic de-repression. Normally expressed only in fetal or gametogenic tissues, CTAs are tantalizing immunotherapy targets, since autoimmunity risks appear minimal. Few prevalent CTAs have been identified in human hematologic cancers, and just two in their veterinary counterparts. We sought to discover new CTAs in canine hematologic cancers such as histiocytic sarcoma (HS) and lymphoma to foster immunotherapy development. To accomplish this, the ligandome binding the dog leukocyte antigen (DLA)-88*508:01 class I allele overexpressed in an HS line was searched by mass spectrometry to identify possible CTA-derived peptides, which could serve as CD8+ T-cell epitopes. Twenty-two peptides mapped to 5 human CTAs and 12 additional proteins with CTA characteristics. Expression of five promising candidates was then evaluated in tumour and normal tissue by quantitative and end-point RT-PCR. The ortholog of an established CTA, IGF2BP3, had unexpectedly high expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Four other testis-enhanced proteins were also assessed. AKR1E2, SPECC1 and TPX2 were expressed variably in HS and T-cell lymphoma biopsies, but also at high levels in critical tissues, including kidney, brain and marrow, diminishing their utility. A more tissue-restricted candidate, NT5C1B, was detected in T-cell lymphomas, but also at low levels in some normal dog tissues. These results illustrate the feasibility of discovering canine CTAs by a reverse approach, proceeding from identification of MHC class I-presented peptides to a comparative RNA expression survey of tumours and normal tissues.}, number={3}, journal={Veterinary and Comparative Oncology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Nemec, Paige S. and Kapatos, Alexander and Holmes, Jennifer C. and Stowe, Devorah M. and Hess, Paul R.}, year={2019}, month={Jun}, pages={317–328} }
 @article{foster_jacob_stowe_smith_2019, title={Exploratory cohort study to determine if dry cow vaccination with a Salmonella Newport bacterin can protect dairy calves against oral Salmonella challenge}, volume={33}, ISSN={0891-6640 1939-1676}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15529}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15529}, abstractNote={BACKGROUND Salmonellosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal calves, often occurring before preventative vaccines can be administered. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective effect on calves of colostrum from cows vaccinated with a commercially available Salmonella Newport bacterin against a Salmonella Typhimurium challenge. ANIMALS Twenty Holstein bull calves from a university dairy farm. METHODS Nonrandomized placebo-controlled trial in which colostrum was harvested from 30 cows that received 2 doses of either Salmonella bacterin or saline before calving. Colostrum collected from each group was pooled and fed to 2 groups of 10 calves at birth. At approximately 2 weeks of age, calves were challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. Clinical, hematologic, microbiological, and postmortem findings were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS No differences in mortality, clinical findings, hematology results, blood and fecal cultures, or necropsy findings between the 2 groups were observed. Vaccinated cows had higher colostral titers, and calves fed this colostrum had higher serum titers (mean difference, 0.429; mean [SE], 0.852 [0.02] for vaccinated versus 0.423 [0.02] for control calves). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Transfer of colostral immunoglobulins from Salmonella enterica serotype Newport bacterin to neonatal calves was not sufficient to decrease mortality, clinical signs, sepsis, intestinal damage, or fecal shedding when exposed to a highly pathogenic Salmonella isolate. A large-scale randomized controlled clinical trial is needed to evaluate the efficacy of this bacterin when administered in the dry period for prevention of salmonellosis in neonatal calves.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Foster, D. and Jacob, M. and Stowe, D. and Smith, G.}, year={2019}, pages={1796–1806} }
 @article{mochizuki_sherrick_mastromauro_stowe_2019, title={What is your diagnosis? Lymphocytes engulfing erythrocytes in a cat}, volume={48}, ISSN={0275-6382 1939-165X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12744}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12744}, number={4}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mochizuki, Hiroyuki and Sherrick, Ellen and Mastromauro, Michael and Stowe, Devorah Marks}, year={2019}, month={Jun}, pages={768–770} }
 @article{roode_shive_hoorntje_bernard_stowe_pool_grindem_2018, title={Multiloculated solitary (unicameral) bone cyst in a young dog}, volume={47}, ISSN={0275-6382}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12618}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12618}, abstractNote={A 20-month-old female spayed Staffordshire Terrier (22.3 kg) presented to the Orthopedic Surgery Service at North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of a 6-week history of toe-touching to nonweight-bearing lameness in the right hind limb. Radiographs of the right stifle revealed a multiloculated lytic lesion of the distal femur, with a large open lytic zone centrally, numerous osseous septations peripherally, and focal areas of cortical thinning and loss. An aspirate of the right distal femoral lesion yielded mildly cloudy serosanguineous fluid. Cytologic examination of the fluid revealed a pleomorphic population of discrete cells that exhibited marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis and a variable nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio, which were interpreted as probable neoplastic cells, with few macrophages, and evidence of hemorrhage. Given the clinical signs of pain, lesion size, and concern for malignant neoplasia, amputation of the right hind limb was performed. Histologically, the lesion had undulating walls 1-3 mm thick with a continuous outer layer of dense fibrous tissue and an inner layer composed of reactive cancellous bone with no cortical compacta remaining. Remnants of thin fibrous or fibro-osseous septa projected from the bony wall into the cyst lumen. The final histologic diagnosis was a benign multiloculated solitary (unicameral) bone cyst of the distal right femur. Based on the histopathologic findings, it was speculated that the cells identified on cytology were a mixture of developing osteoclasts, osteoblasts, endothelial, and stromal cells. This is the first report describing the cytologic examination of a solitary bone cyst in veterinary medicine.}, number={3}, journal={Veterinary Clinical Pathology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Roode, Sarah C. and Shive, Heather R. and Hoorntje, Willemijn and Bernard, Jennifer and Stowe, Devorah M. and Pool, Roy R. and Grindem, Carol B.}, year={2018}, month={May}, pages={484–488} }
 @article{stowe_bidwell_patel_2016, title={What is your diagnosis? Subcutaneous mass from a dog}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1939-165X"]}, DOI={10.1111/vcp.12375}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY CLINICAL PATHOLOGY}, author={Stowe, Devorah Marks and Bidwell, Andrew and Patel, Reema}, year={2016}, month={Sep}, pages={507–508} }
 @article{webb_stowe_devanna_neel_2015, title={Pathology in Practice}, volume={247}, ISSN={["1943-569X"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84947904387&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2460/javma.247.11.1249}, number={11}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Webb, Kyle L. and Stowe, Devorah Marks and DeVanna, Justin and Neel, Jennifer}, year={2015}, month={Dec}, pages={1249–1251} }
 @inbook{valenciano_cowell_2014, place={St. Louis, MO}, edition={4th}, title={Gastrointestinal Chapter}, booktitle={Cowell and Tyler’s Diagnostic Cytology and Hematology of the Dog and Cat}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Valenciano, AC and Cowell, RL}, editor={Haddad, J and Stowe, DM and Neel, JEditors}, year={2014}, pages={312–340} }
 @inbook{haddad_stowe_neel_2014, place={St. Louis, MO}, edition={4}, title={Gastrointestinal Chapter}, booktitle={Cowell and Tyler’s Diagnostic Cytology and Hematology of the Dog and Cat}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Haddad, J. and Stowe, D.M. and Neel, J.}, editor={Valenciano, A.C. and Cowell, R.L.Editors}, year={2014}, pages={312–340} }
 @article{uchiumi_stowe_devanna_willcox_neel_2014, title={Pathology in Practice}, volume={245}, ISSN={0003-1488}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.245.8.893}, DOI={10.2460/javma.245.8.893}, number={8}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Uchiumi, Kaori and Stowe, Devorah Marks and DeVanna, Justin C. and Willcox, Jennifer L. and Neel, Jennifer A.}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={893–895} }
 @article{stowe_anderson_guy_linder_grindem_2012, title={A Case of Enzootic Nasal Adenocarcinoma in a Ewe}, volume={2012}, ISSN={2090-7001 2090-701X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/347193}, DOI={10.1155/2012/347193}, abstractNote={An approximately 2-year-old open Suffolk ewe presented to the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Health Complex for evaluation of a left nasal mass. An ultrasound-guided aspirate and core biopsies were performed. An epithelial neoplasia with mild mixed inflammation (neutrophils and plasma cells) was diagnosed on cytology and confirmed on histopathology. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and transmission electron microscopy were also performed. IHC and RT-PCR identified the presence of enzootic nasal tumor virus and confirmed the final diagnosis of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma.}, journal={Case Reports in Veterinary Medicine}, publisher={Hindawi Limited}, author={Stowe, Devorah Marks and Anderson, Kevin L. and Guy, James S. and Linder, Keith E. and Grindem, Carol B.}, year={2012}, pages={1–4} }
 @article{stowe_birkenheuer_grindem_2012, title={Pathology in practice}, volume={241}, DOI={10.2460/javma.241.8.1029}, number={8}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, author={Stowe, D. A. M. and Birkenheuer, A. J. and Grindem, C. B.}, year={2012}, pages={1029–1031} }
 @article{stowe_escobar_neel_2012, title={What is your diagnosis? Cerebrospinal fluid from a dog}, volume={41}, ISSN={["0275-6382"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84865985034&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1939-165x.2012.00435.x}, abstractNote={Veterinary Clinical PathologyVolume 41, Issue 3 p. 429-430 What is Your Diagnosis? What is your diagnosis? Cerebrospinal fluid from a dog Devorah Marks Stowe, Corresponding Author Devorah Marks Stowe Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Correspondence Devorah Marks Stowe, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA E-mail: devorah_stowe@ncsu.eduSearch for more papers by this authorCarolina Escobar, Carolina Escobar Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorJennifer A. Neel, Jennifer A. Neel Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author Devorah Marks Stowe, Corresponding Author Devorah Marks Stowe Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Correspondence Devorah Marks Stowe, Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA E-mail: devorah_stowe@ncsu.eduSearch for more papers by this authorCarolina Escobar, Carolina Escobar Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this authorJennifer A. Neel, Jennifer A. Neel Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 May 2012 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165X.2012.00435.xCitations: 6Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume41, Issue3September 2012Pages 429-430 RelatedInformation}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY CLINICAL PATHOLOGY}, author={Stowe, Devorah Marks and Escobar, Carolina and Neel, Jennifer A.}, year={2012}, month={Sep}, pages={429–430} }