Elena R. Schroeter

Works (23)

Updated: February 5th, 2025 05:01

2024 journal article

Characterization of Diagenetiforms in an Expanded Proteome of the Extinct Moa (Dinornithidae): Identifying Biological, Diagenetic, Experimental Artifact, and Mislabeled Modifications in Degraded Tissues

MINERALS, 14(2).

By: E. Schroeter n 

author keywords: paleoproteomics; diagenesis; post-translational modifications
TL;DR: The modifications characterized in the bones of this specimen, both in collagens and in NCPs, provide insight into patterns of preservation and degradation that paleoproteomic studies can utilize when searching and interpreting data sets from fossil tissue. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: March 11, 2024

2024 review

Porphyrin-Based Molecules in the Fossil Record Shed Light on the Evolution of Life

[Review of ]. MINERALS, 14(2).

By: J. Ayala n, E. Schroeter n  & M. Schweitzer n 

author keywords: molecular paleontology; heme; porphyrin; hemoglobin; evolution; chemical evolution; preservation
TL;DR: The evolution and functional diversity of heme-bound hemoglobin proteins in vertebrates is discussed, along with the preservation of these molecules in the fossil record, which lays the groundwork necessary to explore hemoglobin as a means to investigate the paleobiology of extinct taxa, including non-avian dinosaurs. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 22, 2024

2022 journal article

Long-Term Retention of Diverse Paleontologists Requires Increasing Accessibility

FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 10.

By: A. Carter *, E. Johnson * & E. Schroeter n 

author keywords: mentorship; accessibility; paleontology-general; equity; retention
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: July 18, 2022

2022 journal article

Soft Tissue and Biomolecular Preservation in Vertebrate Fossils from Glauconitic, Shallow Marine Sediments of the Hornerstown Formation, Edelman Fossil Park, New Jersey

BIOLOGY-BASEL, 11(8).

By: K. Voegele *, Z. Boles*, P. Ullmann *, E. Schroeter n , W. Zheng n & K. Lacovara *

author keywords: soft tissues; molecular preservation; collagen; Hornerstown Formation; shallow marine; glauconite
TL;DR: P paleomolecular analyses of shallow marine vertebrate fossils from the Cretaceous–Paleogene Hornerstown Formation, an 80–90% glauconitic greensand from Jean and Ric Edelman Fossil Park in Mantua Township, NJ, corroborate previous findings that original soft tissue and proteins can be recovered from fossils preserved in marine environments and expand the range of ancient environments documented to preserve original organics and soft tissues. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 6, 2022

2022 journal article

Soft-Tissue, Rare Earth Element, and Molecular Analyses of Dreadnoughtus schrani, an Exceptionally Complete Titanosaur from Argentina

BIOLOGY-BASEL, 11(8).

By: E. Schroeter n , P. Ullmann *, K. Macauley*, R. Ash *, W. Zheng n, M. Schweitzer n , K. Lacovara *

author keywords: fossil proteins; molecular paleontology; diagenesis; taphonomy; rare earth elements; soft-tissue preservation; geochemistry
TL;DR: The data show that original bone microstructures and protein are preserved in Dreadnoughtus, and that after burial, the specimen was exposed to weakly-oxidizing conditions and groundwaters rich in “light” REEs but experienced little further chemical alteration after this early stage of fossilization, supporting the idea that fossils showing lower concentrations of REEs are well suited for molecular analyses. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 6, 2022

2021 article

Deep Time Paleoproteomics: Looking Forward

Schroeter, E. R., Cleland, T. P., & Schweitzer, M. H. (2021, December 17). JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH, Vol. 12.

By: E. Schroeter n , T. Cleland * & M. Schweitzer n 

author keywords: paleoproteomics; deep time; dinosaurs; enamel; eggshell
MeSH headings : Animals; Archaeology; Dinosaurs; Fossils; Paleontology / methods; Proteins / analysis
TL;DR: The history and current state of deep time paleoproteomics (DTPp), here defined as Paleoproteomic study of samples ∼1 million years (1 Ma) or more in age, is discussed and the future of DTPp research is discussed, including what the authors see as critical ways the field can expand, advancements in technology that can be utilized, and the types of questions DTPP can address. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: January 3, 2022

2020 journal article

Diagenetiforms: A new term to explain protein changes as a result of diagenesis in paleoproteomics

JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS, 230.

By: T. Cleland *, E. Schroeter n  & C. Colleary *

author keywords: Diagenesis; Paleoproteomics; Diagenetiform; Top-down
MeSH headings : Preservation, Biological; Proteome; Proteomics
TL;DR: The term diagenetiform provides the opportunity to communicate clearly the sets of diagenetic changes found on preserved proteins, and will allow for top-down paleoproteomic studies to accurately describe the total changes detected on ancient proteins. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: January 19, 2021

2020 journal article

Molecular tests support the viability of rare earth elements as proxies for fossil biomolecule preservation

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 10(1).

By: P. Ullmann *, K. Voegele *, D. Grandstaff *, R. Ash *, W. Zheng n, E. Schroeter n , M. Schweitzer n , K. Lacovara *

MeSH headings : Animals; Bone and Bones / chemistry; Dinosaurs; Fossils; Metals, Rare Earth / chemistry; Metals, Rare Earth / isolation & purification; Trace Elements / chemistry; Trace Elements / isolation & purification
TL;DR: The results thereby support the utility of REE profiles as proxies for soft tissue and biomolecular preservation in fossil bones and draw predictions as to the biomolescular recovery potential of additional REE profile types exhibited by fossil bones. (via Semantic Scholar)
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14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 19, 2020

2019 journal article

Paleoproteomics of Mesozoic Dinosaurs and Other Mesozoic Fossils

PROTEOMICS, 19(16), 1800251.

By: M. Schweitzer n , E. Schroeter n , T. Cleland* & W. Zheng n

author keywords: dinosaurs; fossil; mesozoic; protein; soft tissues
MeSH headings : Animals; Biological Evolution; Bone and Bones / anatomy & histology; Bone and Bones / metabolism; Dinosaurs / anatomy & histology; Dinosaurs / classification; Dinosaurs / metabolism; Fossils; Mass Spectrometry / methods; Paleontology / methods; Proteins / analysis; Proteomics / methods
TL;DR: The power and potential of a molecular approach to Mesozoic fossils is discussed, and some criteria for assessing the presence of endogenous biomolecules in very ancient fossil remains are suggested as a starting framework for such studies. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: July 22, 2019

2019 journal article

Proteomic method to extract, concentrate, digest and enrich peptides from fossils with coloured (humic) substances for mass spectrometry analyses

ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE, 6(8).

By: E. Schroeter n , K. Blackburn n, M. Goshe n & M. Schweitzer n 

author keywords: palaeoproteomics; fossils; humic substances; protein; mass spectrometry; moa
TL;DR: A method combining multiple recent advances in extraction protocols to both concentrate proteins from fossil specimens with high humic content and remove humics, producing clean samples easily analysed by mass spectrometry (MS). (via Semantic Scholar)
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14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 23, 2019

2019 journal article

The molecular evolution of feathers with direct evidence from fossils

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(8), 3018–3023.

By: Y. Pan *, W. Zheng n, R. Sawyer*, M. Pennington, X. Zheng *, X. Wang *, M. Wang *, L. Hu * ...

author keywords: feather evolution; keratin expression; fossil-feather ultrastructure; dinosaur-bird transition; biomechanical properties
MeSH headings : Animals; Birds; Dinosaurs; Evolution, Molecular; Feathers / chemistry; Feathers / ultrastructure; Fossils; Keratins / chemistry; Skin / chemistry; Skin / ultrastructure; beta-Keratins / chemistry
TL;DR: It is confirmed here that feathers were modified at both molecular and morphological levels to obtain the biomechanical properties for flight during the dinosaur–bird transition, and it is shown that the patterns and timing of adaptive change at the molecular level can be directly addressed in exceptionally preserved fossils in deep time. (via Semantic Scholar)
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15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: March 4, 2019

2018 review

A Comparison of Common Mass Spectrometry Approaches for Paleoproteomics

[Review of ]. JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH, 17(3), 936–945.

By: T. Cleland * & E. Schroeter n 

author keywords: paleoproteomics; extraction-based proteomics; imaging proteomics; diagenesis
MeSH headings : Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Archaeology / instrumentation; Archaeology / methods; Chromatography, Liquid / instrumentation; Chromatography, Liquid / methods; Extinction, Biological; Geologic Sediments / chemistry; Humans; Paleontology / instrumentation; Paleontology / methods; Preservation, Biological; Proteins / isolation & purification; Proteomics / instrumentation; Proteomics / methods; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / instrumentation; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / methods; Tandem Mass Spectrometry / instrumentation; Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods
TL;DR: A variety of mass spectrometry techniques that have or may be used to detect and characterize archeological and paleontological proteins are discussed, with a particular focus on MALDI-MS, LC-MS/MS, TOF-SIMS, and MSi. (via Semantic Scholar)
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14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 journal article

Expansion for the Brachylophosaurus canadensis Collagen I Sequence and Additional Evidence of the Preservation of Cretaceous Protein

JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH, 16(2), 920–932.

By: E. Schroeter n , C. DeHart *, T. Cleland *, W. Zheng n, P. Thomas *, N. Kelleher *, M. Bern *, M. Schweitzer n 

Contributors: E. Schroeter n , C. Dehart *, T. Cleland *, W. Zheng n, P. Thomas *, N. Kelleher *, M. Bern *, M. Schweitzer n 

author keywords: paleoproteomics; collagen I; bone; Brachylophosaurus canadensis; phylogenetics; Archosauria
MeSH headings : Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Biological Evolution; Bone and Bones / chemistry; Collagen Type I / chemistry; Dinosaurs / classification; Extinction, Biological; Fossils; Paleontology / instrumentation; Paleontology / methods; Peptide Fragments / analysis; Phylogeny; Proteomics / instrumentation; Proteomics / methods
TL;DR: The data robustly support the hypothesis of an endogenous origin for these peptides, confirm the idea that peptides can survive in specimens tens of millions of years old, and bolster the validity of the 2009 study. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Bone protein “extractomics”: comparing the efficiency of bone protein extractions of Gallus gallus in tandem mass spectrometry, with an eye towards paleoproteomics

PeerJ, 4(10), e2603.

By: E. Schroeter n , C. DeHart *, M. Schweitzer n , P. Thomas * & N. Kelleher *

Contributors: E. Schroeter n , C. DeHart *, M. Schweitzer n , P. Thomas * & N. Kelleher *

author keywords: Bone matrix proteins; Bone protein extraction protocols; Methods comparison; Paleoproteomics; Mass spectrometry; Proteomics
TL;DR: It is found that when a standardized amount of extracted proteins was analyzed, extraction steps that yielded the most protein were often not the ones that produced the greatest diversity of bone proteins, or the highest degree of protein coverage. (via Semantic Scholar)
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14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Sources: ORCID, NC State University Libraries, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Molecular evidence of keratin and melanosomes in feathers of the Early Cretaceous bird Eoconfuciusornis

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 113(49), E7900–E7907.

By: Y. Pan *, W. Zheng n, A. Moyer n, . Jingmai K. O'Connor *, M. Wang *, X. Zheng *, X. Wang *, E. Schroeter n , Z. Zhou*, M. Schweitzer n 

Contributors: Y. Pan *, W. Zheng n, A. Moyer n, . J.K. O'Connor, M. Wang *, X. Zheng *, X. Wang *, E. Schroeter n , Z. Zhou*, M. Schweitzer n 

author keywords: keratinous protein; immunogold; ChemiSTEM; melanosome; Early Cretaceous
MeSH headings : Animals; Biological Evolution; Birds / anatomy & histology; Feathers / ultrastructure; Fossils / ultrastructure; Keratins; Melanosomes
TL;DR: This work represents the oldest ultrastructural and immunological recognition of avian beta-keratin from an Early Cretaceous (∼130-Ma) bird and sheds new light on molecular preservation within normally labile tissues preserved in fossils. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Peptide sequences from the first Castoroides ohioensis skull and the utility of old museum collections for palaeoproteomics

By: T. Cleland *, E. Schroeter n , R. Feranec * & D. Vashishth *

Contributors: T. Cleland *, E. Schroeter n , R. Feranec * & D. Vashishth *

author keywords: collagen I; palaeoproteomics; museum specimens; nasal turbinates; palaeoproteomics
MeSH headings : Animals; Fossils; Museums; Peptides / chemistry; Phylogeny; Proteomics; Rodentia / classification; Skull
TL;DR: This study illustrates the utility of archived museum specimens for both the recovery of preserved proteins and phylogenetic analyses with characterize proteins from the nasal turbinates of the first Castoroides ohioensis skull ever discovered. (via Semantic Scholar)
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14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Biologically and diagenetically derived peptide modifications in moa collagens

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 282(1808), 20150015.

By: T. Cleland *, E. Schroeter n  & M. Schweitzer n 

author keywords: moa; collagen; diagenesis; post-translational modifications
MeSH headings : Animals; Bone and Bones / chemistry; Collagen / metabolism; Fossils; Mass Spectrometry; Palaeognathae / metabolism; Protein Processing, Post-Translational
TL;DR: Moa collagen sequences and modifications provide a baseline by which to evaluate proteomic studies of other fossils, and a framework for defining the molecular relationship of moa to other closely related taxa. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: ORCID, NC State University Libraries, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Biologically and diagenetically derived peptide modifications in moa collagens

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 282(1808), 1–6. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84929332031&partnerID=MN8TOARS

By: T. Cleland, E. Schroeter  & M. Schweitzer

Contributors: T. Cleland, E. Schroeter  & M. Schweitzer

www.scopus.com
Source: ORCID
Added: February 3, 2025

2015 journal article

Glutamine deamidation: an indicator of antiquity, or preservational quality?

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, 30(2), 251–255.

By: E. Schroeter n  & T. Cleland *

Contributors: E. Schroeter n  & T. Cleland *

MeSH headings : Amides / chemistry; Fossils; Glutamine / chemistry; Proteins / chemistry
TL;DR: It is proposed that glutamine deamidation is better suited as an indicator of preservational quality and/or environmental conditions than a mark of the endogeneity or authenticity of ancient proteins. (via Semantic Scholar)
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Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Mass Spectrometry and Antibody-Based Characterization of Blood Vessels from Brachylophosaurus canadensis

JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH, 14(12), 5252–5262.

By: T. Cleland n, E. Schroeter n , L. Zamdborg*, W. Zheng n, J. Lee*, J. Tran *, M. Bern *, M. Duncan* ...

Contributors: T. Cleland n, E. Schroeter n , L. Zamdborg*, W. Zheng n, J. Lee*, J. Tran *, M. Bern *, M. Duncan* ...

author keywords: Brachylophosaurus canadensis; blood vessels; dinosaur; cytoskeleton; actin; tubulin; myosin; tropomyosin; tap honomy; preservation
MeSH headings : Actins / genetics; Actins / isolation & purification; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Blood Vessels / anatomy & histology; Blood Vessels / metabolism; Blood Vessels / microbiology; Bone and Bones / blood supply; Chickens; Dinosaurs / anatomy & histology; Dinosaurs / genetics; Dinosaurs / metabolism; Fluorescent Antibody Technique / methods; Fossils / anatomy & histology; Mass Spectrometry; Models, Biological; Molecular Sequence Data; Myosins / genetics; Myosins / isolation & purification; Phylogeny; Proteomics / methods; Sequence Alignment; Species Specificity; Struthioniformes; Tropomyosin / genetics; Tropomyosin / isolation & purification; Tubulin / genetics; Tubulin / isolation & purification
TL;DR: Test the hypothesis that dinosaur cortical bone fragments recovered after demineralization are endogenous and thus retain proteins in common with extant archosaur blood vessels that can be detected with high-resolution mass spectrometry and confirmed by immunofluorescence and two lines of evidence support this hypothesis. (via Semantic Scholar)
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15. Life on Land (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

A gigantic, exceptionally complete titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from southern Patagonia, Argentina

Scientific Reports, 4.

By: K. Lacovara *, M. Lamanna *, L. Ibiricu *, J. Poole*, E. Schroeter* , P. Ullmann *, K. Voegele *, Z. Boles* ...

Contributors: K. Lacovara *, M. Lamanna *, L. Ibiricu *, J. Poole*, E. Schroeter* , P. Ullmann *, K. Voegele *, Z. Boles* ...

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Source: ORCID
Added: February 3, 2025

2014 journal article

Lamniform shark teeth from the late cretaceous of southernmost South America (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina)

PLoS ONE, 9(8).

By: E. Schroeter* , V. Egerton *, L. Ibiricu * & K. Lacovara *

Contributors: E. Schroeter* , V. Egerton *, L. Ibiricu * & K. Lacovara *

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14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: February 3, 2025

2014 journal article

Protein Molecular Data from Ancient (>1 million years old) Fossil Material: Pitfalls, Possibilities and Grand Challenges

Analytical Chemistry, 86(14), 6731–6740.

By: M. Schweitzer* , E. Schroeter*  & M. Goshe*

Contributors: M. Schweitzer* , E. Schroeter*  & M. Goshe*

MeSH headings : Animals; Bone and Bones; Collagen / analysis; Collagen / chemistry; Dinosaurs; Fossils; Hydroxyproline / analysis; Keratins / analysis; Keratins / chemistry; Mass Spectrometry / methods; Proteins / analysis; Proteomics / methods
TL;DR: The challenges to recovery of proteinaceous components from fossils, and the need for new sample preparation techniques, analytical methods, and bioinformatics to optimize and fully utilize the great potential of information locked in the fossil record are discussed. (via Semantic Scholar)
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14. Life Below Water (Web of Science)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: August 6, 2018

Employment

Updated: November 9th, 2022 11:39

2019 - present

North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina, US
Assistant Research Professor Department of Biological Sciences

Education

Updated: February 22nd, 2017 13:58

2008 - 2013

Drexel University Philadelphia, PA, US
Ph.D. Biology Department of Biology

2002 - 2006

University of Chicago Chicago, IL, US
B.S. Geophysical Sciences

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