@article{magarey_klammer_chappell_trexler_pallipparambil_hain_2019, title={Eco-efficiency as a strategy for optimizing the sustainability of pest management}, volume={75}, ISSN={["1526-4998"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5560}, DOI={10.1002/ps.5560}, abstractNote={AbstractAgricultural industrialization and the subsequent reliance on pesticides has resulted in numerous unintended consequences, such as impacts upon the environment and by extension human health. Eco‐efficiency is a strategy for sustainably increasing production, while simultaneously decreasing these externalities on ecological systems. Eco‐efficiency is defined as the ratio of production to environmental impacts. It has been widely adopted to improve chemical production, but we investigate the challenges of applying eco‐efficiency to pesticide use. Eco‐efficiency strategies include technological innovation, investment in research and development, improvement of business processes, and accounting for market forces. These components are often part of integrated pest management (IPM) systems that include alternatives to pesticides, but its implementation is often thwarted by commercial realities and technical challenges. We propose the creation and adoption of an eco‐efficiency index for pesticide use so that the broad benefits of eco‐efficient strategies such as IPM can be more readily quantified. We propose an index based upon the ratio of crop yield to a risk quotient (RQ) calculated from pesticide toxicity. Eco‐efficiency is an operational basis for optimizing pest management for sustainability. It naturally favors adoption of IPM and should be considered by regulators, researchers, and practitioners involved in pest management. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry}, number={12}, journal={PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Magarey, Roger D. and Klammer, Sarah S. H. and Chappell, Thomas M. and Trexler, Christina M. and Pallipparambil, Godshen R. and Hain, Ernie F.}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={3129–3134} }
 @article{lombardo_buckel_hain_griffith_white_2020, title={Evidence for temperature-dependent shifts in spawning times of anadromous alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis)}, volume={77}, ISSN={["1205-7533"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2019-0140}, abstractNote={ We analyzed four decades of presence–absence data from a fishery-independent survey to characterize the long-term phenology of river herring (alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus; and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis) spawning migrations in their southern distribution. We used logistic generalized additive models to characterize the average ingress, peak, and egress timing of spawning. In the 2010s, alewife arrived to spawning habitat 16 days earlier and egressed 27 days earlier (peak 12 days earlier) relative to the 1970s. Blueback herring arrived 5 days earlier and egressed 23 days earlier (peak 13 days earlier) in the 2010s relative to the 1980s. The changes in ingress and egress timing have shortened the occurrence in spawning systems by 11 days for alewife over four decades and 18 days for blueback herring over three decades. We found that the rate of vernal warming was faster during 2001–2016 relative to 1973–1988 and is the most parsimonious explanation for changes in spawning phenology. The influence of a shortened spawning season on river herring population dynamics warrants further investigation. }, number={4}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Lombardo, Steven M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hain, Ernie F. and Griffith, Emily H. and White, Holly}, year={2020}, month={Apr}, pages={741–751} }
 @article{hain_moody_lamphere_nelson_mcintyre_gilliam_blum_2019, title={Migratory gauntlets on oceanic islands: Watershed disturbance increases the cost of amphidromy}, volume={28}, ISSN={0906-6691 1600-0633}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12467}, DOI={10.1111/eff.12467}, abstractNote={AbstractMigratory fishes can be threatened by conditions encountered along dispersal pathways that impede access to feeding or breeding grounds. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that amphidromous fishes are equally or more sensitive to conditions along dispersal pathways than conditions in primary residential habitats. We did so by conducting distribution‐wide population surveys of all five amphidromous gobies native to the Hawaiian Islands to assess responses to in‐stream habitat, invasive species and watershed land use. We used Redundancy Analyses to assess whether goby densities varied according to local, downstream or upstream conditions. We found that population densities of the two non‐climbing species (Eleotris sandwicensis, Stenogobius hawaiiensis) varied according to local land use and local habitat conditions. Greater densities of E. sandwicensis also were found in watersheds with greater forest cover upstream of survey sites. Lower densities of two species that migrate farther inland (Awaous stamineus, Sicyopterus stimpsoni) were observed in watersheds with greater anthropogenic land use downstream or at the stream mouth. Population densities of E. sandwicensis and both Sicydiine species (Lentipes concolor, S. stimpsoni) also were lower when non‐native Poeciliids were locally present or present downstream in the watershed. These findings suggest that densities of native Hawaiian amphidromous fishes are equally or more sensitive to conditions along migratory pathways relative to conditions in primary residential habitats. Thus, alleviating pressures by removing invasive species and restoring habitat along dispersal pathways could be effective approaches to increasing densities of amphidromous species, especially those that migrate farther inland to higher elevations.}, number={3}, journal={Ecology of Freshwater Fish}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Hain, Ernie F. and Moody, Kristine N. and Lamphere, Bradley A. and Nelson, Stacy A. C. and McIntyre, Peter B. and Gilliam, James F. and Blum, Michael J.}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={446–458} }
 @article{chappell_magarey_kurtz_trexler_pallipparambil_hain_2019, title={Perspective: service-based business models to incentivize the efficient use of pesticides in crop protection}, volume={75}, ISSN={["1526-4998"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5523}, DOI={10.1002/ps.5523}, abstractNote={AbstractSeveral problems limit the productivity and acceptance of crop protection, including pesticide overuse, pesticide resistance, poor adoption of integrated pest management (IPM), declining funding for research and extension, and inefficiencies of scale. We discuss the proposition that alternative business models for crop protection can address these problems by incentivizing and benefiting from efficiency of pesticide use. Currently, business models are not linked to the adoption of IPM and are sometimes at odds with IPM practices. We explore a business model based on the provision of pest management adequacy through services rather than the sale of pesticide products. Specifically, we advocate for establishment of crop protection adequacy standards that would allow a market system to maximize efficiency. Changing some of the relationships between agricultural companies and producers from one based on products to one based on services is an idea worthy of debate and evaluation for improving the efficiency of pest management. Contemporary information technology enhancing monitoring and coordination warrants attention in this debate. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry}, number={11}, journal={PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Chappell, Thomas M. and Magarey, Roger D. and Kurtz, Ryan W. and Trexler, Christina M. and Pallipparambil, Godshen R. and Hain, Ernie F.}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={2865–2872} }
 @article{magarey_chappell_trexler_pallipparambil_hain_2019, title={Social Ecological System Tools for Improving Crop Pest Management}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2155-7470"]}, DOI={10.1093/jipm/pmz004}, abstractNote={AbstractIntegrated pest management (IPM) is a valuable tool for reducing pesticide use and for pesticide resistance management. Despite the success of IPM over the last 50 yr, significant challenges remain to improving IPM delivery and adoption. We believe that insights can be obtained from the field of Social Ecological Systems (SES). We first describe the complexity of crop pest management and how various social actors influence grower decision making, including adoption of IPM. Second, we discuss how crop pest management fits the definition of an SES, including such factors as scale, dynamic complexities, critical resources, and important social–ecological interactions. Third, we describe heuristics and simulation models as tools to understand complex SES and develop new strategies. Finally, we conclude with a brief discussion of how social processes and SES techniques could improve crop pest management in the future, including the delivery of IPM, while reducing negative social and environmental impacts.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Magarey, Roger D. and Chappell, Thomas M. and Trexler, Christina M. and Pallipparambil, Godshen R. and Hain, Ernie F.}, year={2019}, month={Feb} }
 @article{lisi_childress_gagne_hain_lamphere_walter_hogan_gilliam_blum_mcintyre_2018, title={Overcoming urban stream syndrome: Trophic flexibility confers resilience in a Hawaiian stream fish}, volume={63}, ISSN={["1365-2427"]}, DOI={10.1111/fwb.13091}, abstractNote={Abstract


Urbanisation is widely associated with a suite of physical, chemical and biological degradation of stream ecosystems, known as “urban stream syndrome.” It is unclear whether urban stream syndrome is applicable to oceanic islands, where marine dispersal of larvae enables diadromous species to continuously recolonise even highly degraded urban streams.

The depauperate native fauna of oceanic island streams can be entirely composed of diadromous species, but urban streams food webs are often dominated by introduced predators, competitors and functional groups derived from continental systems. Despite these challenges, some native species appear to thrive in urbanised catchments.

Here, we test for urban stream syndrome on oceanic islands by quantifying catchment land use, nutrient concentrations and fish community composition for 37 streams across the Hawaiian archipelago. To assess how native species adapt to food webs altered by species introductions, we quantified trophic responses by examining stomach contents, nitrogen stable isotopes and body condition of Awaous stamineus (an omnivorous goby) in each stream.

Urbanisation was consistently associated with nitrogen pollution and replacement of native species with more tolerant exotics. Population densities of three of five native goby species declined sharply with urbanisation, whereas the two other native gobies species were resilient.

The trophic position of the omnivore A. stamineus was elevated in urban streams compared to forested catchments, reflecting a shift in stomach contents from algae to greater reliance on exotic aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates. Comparable body condition and resilient population density of A. stamineus across the urbanisation gradient suggest that dietary flexibility buffers this species against environmental degradation.

Our findings indicate that the concept of urban stream syndrome is applicable to oceanic islands, yet A. stamineus shows striking resilience. Flexibility in diet, life history and habitat use of this native goby appear to buffer it against the effects of urbanisation compared to most other amphidromous fishes in Hawaiian streams.

}, number={5}, journal={FRESHWATER BIOLOGY}, author={Lisi, Peter J. and Childress, Evan S. and Gagne, Roderick B. and Hain, Ernie F. and Lamphere, Brad A. and Walter, Ryan P. and Hogan, J. Derek and Gilliam, James F. and Blum, Michael J. and McIntyre, Peter B.}, year={2018}, month={May}, pages={492–502} }
 @article{moody_gagne_heim-ballew_alda_hain_lisi_walter_higashi_hogan_mcintyre_et al._2017, title={Invasion hotspots and ecological saturation of streams across the Hawaiian archipelago}, volume={41}, number={2}, journal={Cybium}, author={Moody, K. N. and Gagne, R. B. and Heim-Ballew, H. and Alda, F. and Hain, E. F. and Lisi, P. J. and Walter, R. P. and Higashi, G. R. and Hogan, J. D. and Mcintyre, P. B. and et al.}, year={2017}, pages={127–156} }
 @article{hain_lamphere_blum_mcintyre_nelson_gilliam_2016, title={Comparison of Visual Survey and Mark-Recapture Population Estimates of a Benthic Fish in Hawaii}, volume={145}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1080/00028487.2016.1159610}, abstractNote={AbstractVisual surveys are conducted to rapidly estimate population densities of stream fishes, often without calibration against more established or more widely used methods to determine precision and accuracy or to correct for potential biases. We compared population density estimates from a visual survey (VS) point quadrat method widely used in Hawaii with estimates from “in hand” individual and batch mark–recapture (BMR) methods. Visual survey sampling and individual mark–recapture (IMR) sampling were conducted in three watersheds that represent gradients of land use and prevalence of nonnative poeciliid fishes on the Island of Hawaii. Focusing on adult O‘opu Nākea Awaous stamineus, VSs were conducted prior to IMR events to allow direct comparisons of results independent of location and time. Density estimates of O‘opu Nākea from VS and IMR samplings were strongly correlated, although VS estimates were generally higher and underrepresented exceptionally large fish. Batch mark–recapture estimates of O‘opu Nākea densities were conducted for comparison with VSs at 13 sites across the archipelago. Estimates of VSs were not significantly different from BMR estimates. Estimates of VSs also exhibited less variance than did BMR estimates across sites. General linear models showed that the relationship between VS and IMR estimates varied significantly among watersheds but not seasons and that land use was associated with a greater mismatch between VS and BMR estimates of population density. These findings indicate that visual surveys using a point quadrat method are an efficient and accurate approach for estimating the abundance of small benthic fishes, such as O‘opu Nākea, in wadeable streams and that obtaining absolute densities or size distributions from VS methods would benefit from a calibration with IMR not BMR estimates.Received July 15, 2015; accepted February 23, 2016 Published online June 29, 2016}, number={4}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Hain, Ernie F. and Lamphere, Bradley A. and Blum, Michael J. and McIntyre, Peter B. and Nelson, Stacy A. C. and Gilliam, James F.}, year={2016}, pages={878–887} }
 @inbook{nelson_hain_hartis_johnson_2014, title={Changing the game: Multidimensional mentoring and partnerships in the recruitment of underrepresented students in fisheries}, booktitle={Future of Fisheries: Perspectives for Emerging Professionals}, author={Nelson, S. A. C. and Hain, E. F. and Hartis, B. M. and Johnson, A.}, year={2014}, pages={193–200} }
 @article{derolph_nelson_kwak_hain_2015, title={Predicting fine-scale distributions of peripheral aquatic species in headwater streams}, volume={5}, ISSN={["2045-7758"]}, DOI={10.1002/ece3.1331}, abstractNote={AbstractHeadwater species and peripheral populations that occupy habitat at the edge of a species range may hold an increased conservation value to managers due to their potential to maximize intraspecies diversity and species' adaptive capabilities in the context of rapid environmental change. The southern Appalachian Mountains are the southern extent of the geographic range of native Salvelinus fontinalis and naturalized Oncorhynchus mykiss and Salmo trutta in eastern North America. We predicted distributions of these peripheral, headwater wild trout populations at a fine scale to serve as a planning and management tool for resource managers to maximize resistance and resilience of these populations in the face of anthropogenic stressors. We developed correlative logistic regression models to predict occurrence of brook trout, rainbow trout, and brown trout for every interconfluence stream reach in the study area. A stream network was generated to capture a more consistent representation of headwater streams. Each of the final models had four significant metrics in common: stream order, fragmentation, precipitation, and land cover. Strahler stream order was found to be the most influential variable in two of the three final models and the second most influential variable in the other model. Greater than 70% presence accuracy was achieved for all three models. The underrepresentation of headwater streams in commonly used hydrography datasets is an important consideration that warrants close examination when forecasting headwater species distributions and range estimates. Additionally, it appears that a relative watershed position metric (e.g., stream order) is an important surrogate variable (even when elevation is included) for biotic interactions across the landscape in areas where headwater species distributions are influenced by topographical gradients.}, number={1}, journal={ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION}, author={DeRolph, Christopher R. and Nelson, Stacy A. C. and Kwak, Thomas J. and Hain, Ernie F.}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={152–163} }
 @article{gagne_hogan_pracheil_mcintyre_hain_gilliam_blum_2015, title={Spread of an introduced parasite across the Hawaiian archipelago independent of its introduced host}, volume={60}, ISSN={["1365-2427"]}, DOI={10.1111/fwb.12491}, abstractNote={Summary


Co‐introductions of non‐native parasites with non‐native hosts can be a major driver of disease emergence in native species, but the conditions that promote the establishment and spread of non‐native parasites remain poorly understood. Here, we characterise the infection of a native host species by a non‐native parasite relative to the distribution and density of the original non‐native host species and a suite of organismal and environmental factors that have been associated with parasitism, but not commonly considered within a single system.

We examined the native Hawaiian goby Awaous stamineus across 23 catchments on five islands for infection by the non‐native nematode parasite Camallanus cotti. We used model selection to test whether parasite infection was associated with the genetic diversity, size and population density of native hosts, the distribution and density of non‐native hosts, land use and water quality.

We found that the distribution of non‐native C. cotti parasites has become decoupled from the non‐native hosts that were primary vectors of introduction to the Hawaiian Islands. Although no single intrinsic or extrinsic factor was identified that best explains parasitism of A. stamineus by C. cotti, native host size, population density and water quality were consistently identified as influencing parasite intensity and prevalence.

The introduction of non‐native species can indirectly influence native species through infection of co‐introduced parasites. Here, we show that the effects of ‘enemy addition’ can extend beyond the range of non‐native hosts through the independent spread of non‐native parasites. This suggests that control of non‐native hosts is not sufficient to halt the spread of introduced parasites. Designing importation regulations to prevent host–parasite co‐introductions can promote native species conservation, even in remote areas that may not seem susceptible to human influence.

}, number={2}, journal={FRESHWATER BIOLOGY}, author={Gagne, Roderick B. and Hogan, J. Derek and Pracheil, Brenda M. and Mcintyre, Peter B. and Hain, Ernie F. and Gilliam, James F. and Blum, Michael J.}, year={2015}, month={Feb}, pages={311–322} }
 @article{abidi_cabrales_haigler_2014, title={Changes in the cell wall and cellulose content of developing cotton fibers investigated by FTIR spectroscopy}, volume={100}, ISSN={0144-8617}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.074}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.074}, abstractNote={Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of cotton fibers harvested at different stages of development were acquired using Universal Attenuated Total Reflectance FTIR (UATR-FTIR). The main goal of the study was to monitor cell wall changes occurring during different phases of cotton fiber development. Two cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum L. were planted in a greenhouse (Texas Marker-1 and TX55). On the day of flowering, individual flowers were tagged and bolls were harvested. From fibers harvested on numerous days between 10 and 56 dpa, the FTIR spectra were acquired using UATR (ZnSe-Diamond crystal) with no special sample preparation. The changes in the FTIR spectra were used to document the timing of the transition between primary and secondary cell wall synthesis. Changes in cellulose during cotton fiber growth and development were identified through changes in numerous vibrations within the spectra. The intensity of the vibration bands at 667 and 897 cm−1 correlated with percentage of cellulose analyzed chemically.}, journal={Carbohydrate Polymers}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Abidi, Noureddine and Cabrales, Luis and Haigler, Candace H.}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={9–16} }
 @article{hansen_vander zanden_blum_clayton_hain_hauxwell_izzo_kornis_mcintyre_mikulyuk_et al._2013, title={Commonly Rare and Rarely Common: Comparing Population Abundance of Invasive and Native Aquatic Species}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0077415}, abstractNote={Invasive species are leading drivers of environmental change. Their impacts are often linked to their population size, but surprisingly little is known about how frequently they achieve high abundances. A nearly universal pattern in ecology is that species are rare in most locations and abundant in a few, generating right-skewed abundance distributions. Here, we use abundance data from over 24,000 populations of 17 invasive and 104 native aquatic species to test whether invasive species differ from native counterparts in statistical patterns of abundance across multiple sites. Invasive species on average reached significantly higher densities than native species and exhibited significantly higher variance. However, invasive and native species did not differ in terms of coefficient of variation, skewness, or kurtosis. Abundance distributions of all species were highly right skewed (skewness>0), meaning both invasive and native species occurred at low densities in most locations where they were present. The average abundance of invasive and native species was 6% and 2%, respectively, of the maximum abundance observed within a taxonomic group. The biological significance of the differences between invasive and native species depends on species-specific relationships between abundance and impact. Recognition of cross-site heterogeneity in population densities brings a new dimension to invasive species management, and may help to refine optimal prevention, containment, control, and eradication strategies.}, number={10}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Hansen, Gretchen J. A. and Vander Zanden, M. Jake and Blum, Michael J. and Clayton, Murray K. and Hain, Ernie F. and Hauxwell, Jennifer and Izzo, Marit and Kornis, Matthew S. and McIntyre, Peter B. and Mikulyuk, Alison and et al.}, year={2013}, month={Oct} }