Works (330)

Updated: December 15th, 2024 11:05

2024 journal article

Estimation of genotype by environmental interaction for litter traits by reaction norm model in Taiwan Landrace sows

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, 102.

By: K. Lin n, B. Flowers n, M. Knauer n & E. Lin*

author keywords: Landrace; litter traits; reaction norm model; heat stress
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 19, 2024

2024 magazine article

Feasibility of feeding altrenogest to gilts not responding to boar exposure

Beltranena, E., & Flowers, W. L. (2024, January). Swine Extension Newsletter.

By: E. Beltranena & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2024 magazine article

Potential “Benchmarks” for sow longevity

Benchmark, (Spring Edition), 5–6.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2024 article

The effect of temperature-humidity index in different pregnancy stages on litter traits in Taiwan Landrace sows

Lin, K.-H., Flowers, B., Jiang, J., Knauer, M., & Lin, E.-C. (2024, May 5). JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 102, pp. 20–20.

By: K. Lin n, B. Flowers n, J. Jiang n, M. Knauer n & E. Lin*

author keywords: Landrace; litter traits; pregnancy stages,temperature-humidity index; Taiwan
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: May 20, 2024

2023 article

Adrenomedullin Stimulates Proliferation, Migration and Adhesion of Porcine Trophectoderm Cells Via CALCRL-AKT-TSC2-MTORC1 Cell Signaling Pathway

Liu, B., Paudel, S., Flowers, W. L., Piedrahita, J. A., & Wang, X. (2023, May). JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 101.

By: B. Liu n, S. Paudel n, W. Flowers n, J. Piedrahita n & X. Wang n

author keywords: adrenomedullin; peri-implantation; pig conceptus
TL;DR: Results suggest that porcine ADM in histotroph act on its receptor component CALCRL to activate AKT-TSC2-MTOR, particularly MTORC1 signaling cascade, leading to elongation, migration and attachment of conceptuses. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: March 4, 2024

2023 article

Biological and Management Factors Affecting Colostrum Intake and Pre-Weaning Survival in Piglets

Jenkins, A. K., & Flowers, W. L. (2023, October 28). JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 101, pp. 29–30.

By: A. Jenkins n & W. Flowers n

author keywords: colostrum intake; immunocrit; pre-weaning survival
TL;DR: Results indicate that low birth weight, lethargic, and chilled piglets were the most at-risk for low colostrum consumption and increased pre-weaning mortality. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: December 18, 2023

2023 magazine article

Colostrum is more important than we thought

Flowers, W. L. (2023, August). Swine Extension Newsletter.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2023 magazine article

Renovations at the N.C. State University Swine Educational Unit

Flowers, W. L. (2023, December). Swine Extension Newsletter.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2023 magazine article

Understanding the physiology associates with reproductive losses

Flowers, W. L. (2023, July). Swine Extension Newsletter.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2023 journal article

Uterine histotroph and conceptus development: III. Adrenomedullin stimulates proliferation, migration and adhesion of porcine trophectoderm cells via AKT-TSC2-MTOR cell signaling pathway

Amino Acids, 55(6), 743–756.

By: B. Liu n, S. Paudel n, W. Flowers n, J. Piedrahita n & X. Wang n

author keywords: Adrenomedullin; Trophectoderm cells; MTOR; Pigs; Implantation
MeSH headings : Pregnancy; Female; Swine; Animals; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism; Adrenomedullin / pharmacology; Signal Transduction; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism; Cell Proliferation; Sirolimus / pharmacology
TL;DR: Results suggest that porcine ADM in histotroph acts on its receptor component CALCRL to activate AKT-TSC2-MTOR, particularly MTORC1 signaling cascade, leading to elongation, migration and attachment of conceptuses. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: April 24, 2023

2022 magazine article

Factors affecting colostrum intake in piglets

Jenkins, A. K., & Flowers, W. L. (2022, May). N.C.S.U. Swine Extension Newsletter.

By: A. Jenkins & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2022 magazine article

Important guidelines for assisting sows during farrowing

Flowers, W. L. (2022, May). Pork Magazine, 6–8.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2022 journal article

Litter‐of‐origin traits and their association with lifetime productivity in sows and boars

Molecular Reproduction and Development, 90(7), 585–593.

By: W. Flowers n

author keywords: fertility; litter-of-origin; swine
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: April 4, 2022

2022 magazine article

Take a closer look at the umbilical cord and the color of piglets at farrowing

Flowers, W. L. (2022, March). N.C.S.U. Swine Extension Newsletter.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2022 magazine article

What sows tell us with their behaviors during farrowing

Flowers, W. L. (2022, April). N.C.S.U. Swine Extension Newsletter.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2021 journal article

Factors affecting the production of quality ejaculates from boars

Animal Reproduction Science, 246, 106840.

By: W. Flowers n

author keywords: Spermatogenesis; Fertility
MeSH headings : Humans; Swine; Male; Animals; Semen Analysis / veterinary; Semen / physiology; Spermatozoa / physiology; Spermatogenesis / physiology; Sertoli Cells
TL;DR: The seasonal effect on depression in semen quality is the most significant factor affecting production of acceptable quality ejaculates after puberty and identification of genes associated with heat-tolerant phenotypes holds promise for addressing this challenge. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: January 17, 2023

2020 journal article

Dietary lysine-to-energy ratios for managing growth and pubertal development in replacement gilts

Applied Animal Science, 36(5), 701–714.

By: C. Lents*, C. Supakorn*, A. DeDecker, C. Phillips, R. Boyd n, J. Vallet*, G. Rohrer*, G. Foxcroft* ...

author keywords: gilt; growth; puberty; diet; lysine
TL;DR: Reducing SID lysine–to–ME ratios in gilt diets can increase the number of gilts within optimal BW range at first estrus, but overall pubertal development is delayed if ratios are reduced below 2.8 and 2.1 g in grower and finisher diets, respectively. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: October 26, 2020

2020 article

Effects of birth characteristics, nursing behaviors, and supplemental milk on piglet pre-weaning growth and survival

Clemons, C. M., & Flowers, W. (2020, November). JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 98, pp. 213–213.

By: C. Clemons n & W. Flowers n

author keywords: piglet; supplemental milk; pre-weaning growth and survival
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 8, 2021

2020 journal article

Evidence for recombination variability in purebred swine populations

Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 138(2), 259–273.

By: E. Lozada‐Soto n, C. Maltecca n, H. Wackel n, W. Flowers n, K. Gray, Y. He n, Y. Huang, J. Jiang n, F. Tiezzi n

Contributors: E. Lozada-Soto n, C. Maltecca n, H. Wackel n, W. Flowers n, K. Gray, Y. He n, Y. Huang, J. Jiang n, F. Tiezzi n

author keywords: genetic variance; recombination rate; selection; swine
MeSH headings : Animals; Female; Genome; Genomics; Male; Phenotype; Recombination, Genetic; Swine
TL;DR: Evidence of variability for recombination in purebred swine populations is provided, with differences found for sex, breed, sex-breed interaction, and age effects for genome-wide recombination rate and RO at one or more chromosomes. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: September 26, 2020

2020 article

Reproductive management of swine

ANIMAL AGRICULTURE: SUSTAINABILITY, CHALLENGES AND INNOVATIONS, pp. 283–297.

By: W. Flowers n

TL;DR: Birthweight and weaning weights appear to have strong positive relationship lifetime sperm and piglet production in boars and sows, respectively and delaying training for semen collection towards the end of their pubertal development appears to be beneficial for lifetime productivity in boar productivity. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: June 8, 2020

2020 journal article

Reproductive performance of sows associated with single, fixed-time insemination programs in commercial farms based on either average herd weaning-to-estrus intervals or postweaning estrous activity

APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE, 36(1), 100–107.

By: D. Dillard n & W. Flowers n

author keywords: swine; fertility; artificial insemination
TL;DR: Use of either proestrus or estrus as the criterion for intravaginal administration of triptorelin and the subsequent fixed-time AI in herds with extended or variable weaning-to-estrus intervals was effective in terms of maintaining reproductive performance equivalent to conventional AI strategies. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: June 22, 2020

2020 journal article

Transcriptome analysis identifies genes and co-expression networks underlying heat tolerance in pigs

BMC GENETICS, 21(1).

By: Y. He n, C. Maltecca n, F. Tiezzi n, E. Soto n & W. Flowers n

Contributors: Y. He n, C. Maltecca n, F. Tiezzi n, E. Soto n & W. Flowers n

author keywords: Heat stress; Boar sperm quality; Gene expression; Heat tolerance
MeSH headings : Animals; Gene Ontology; Gene Regulatory Networks; Heat-Shock Response / genetics; Male; Semen Analysis; Swine / genetics; Thermotolerance / genetics; Transcriptome
TL;DR: The sensitivity of semen to heat stress is utilized to discriminate the heat-tolerance ability of pigs and provide potential biomarkers for future investigations on the reproductive performance of pigs. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: May 18, 2020

2019 conference paper

Managing sows and boars for lifetime productivity: Recent developments in reproduction and A.I

Proceedings, Ensminger International Swine Conference, 15–21.

By: W. Flowers

Event: nsminger International Swine Conference

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2019 conference paper

Neonatal management and sow longevity

London Swine Conference, Proceedings, 2019, 21–30.

By: W. Flowers

Event: London Swine Conference

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2019 conference paper

Trouble shooting reproductive problems using records and observations

Proceedings, 2019 London Swine Conference, 35–48.

By: W. Flowers

Event: London Swine Conference

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2018 magazine article

Factors Affecting CASA Measurements Associated with Semen Quality Estimates

Zaritskiy, D., & Flowers, W. L. (2018, June 26). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-reproduction/factors-affecting-casa-measurements-associated-with-semen-quality-estimates

By: D. Zaritskiy & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2018 journal article

High mobility group A2 (HMGA2) deficiency in pigs leads to dwarfism, abnormal fetal resource allocation, and cryptorchidism

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(21), 5420–5425.

By: J. Chung n, X. Zhang n, B. Collins n, R. Sper n, K. Gleason n, S. Simpson n, S. Koh n, J. Sommer n ...

author keywords: HMGA2; dwarfism; swine; gene editing; organ size
MeSH headings : Animals; Cryptorchidism / etiology; Cryptorchidism / pathology; Dwarfism / etiology; Dwarfism / pathology; Female; Fetal Diseases / etiology; Fetal Diseases / pathology; Genotype; HMGA2 Protein / deficiency; HMGA2 Protein / genetics; Litter Size; Male; Nuclear Transfer Techniques / veterinary; Pregnancy; Reproduction; Swine; Swine Diseases / etiology; Swine Diseases / pathology
TL;DR: The results show that the effect of HMGA2 with respect to growth regulation is highly conserved among mammals and opens up the possibility of regulating body and organ size in a variety of mammalian species including food and companion animals. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: August 6, 2018

2018 magazine article

How to convert weekly farrowing groups to single batch breeding group

Flowers, W. L. (2018, February 27). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/farrowing/how-to-convert-weekly-farrowing-groups-to-single-batch-breeding-group

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2018 journal article

Occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus in swine and swine workplace environments on industrial and antibiotic-free hog operations in North Carolina, USA: A One Health pilot study

Environmental Research, 163, 88–96.

By: M. Davis*, N. Pisanic*, S. Rhodes*, A. Brown*, H. Keller n, M. Nadimpalli*, A. Christ*, S. Ludwig* ...

author keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; Occupational health; One Health; Swine; Antimicrobial resistance
MeSH headings : Animal Husbandry; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification; North Carolina; Occupational Exposure; One Health; Pilot Projects; Staphylococcal Infections / veterinary; Staphylococcus aureus; Swine / metabolism; Workplace
TL;DR: IHO swine and the one IHO environment could be a source of potential pathogen exposure to workers, as supported by the detection of multidrug‐resistant S. aureus on 1 industrial and 3 antibiotic‐free hog operations. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

2018 magazine article

Suckling intensity may impact weaning-to-estrus intervals

Flowers, W. L. (2018, March 27). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/suckling-intensity-may-impact-weaning-to-estrus-intervals

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2018 magazine article

Variation in Visual Estimations of Motility by Laboratory Technicians

Flowers, W. L. (2018, April 24). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-reproduction/variation-in-visual-estimations-of-motility-by-laboratory-technicians

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2018 magazine article

What's the effectiveness of OvuGel administration on weaned sows

Dillard, D. S., & Flowers, W. L. (2018, May 22). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-reproduction/what-s-the-effectiveness-of-ovugel-administration-on-weaned-sows

By: D. Dillard & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2018 magazine article

Why monitoring progesterone is useful breeding management tool

Flowers, W. L. (2018, January 16). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-reproduction/why-monitoring-progesterone-is-useful-breeding-management-tool

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 magazine article

Adopting farrowing SOPs can reduce stillborns

Flowers, W. L. (2017, October 24). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/farrowing/adopting-farrowing-sops-can-reduce-stillborns

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 journal article

An anti-αVβ3 antibody inhibits coronary artery atherosclerosis in diabetic pigs

Atherosclerosis, 258, 40–50.

By: L. Maile*, W. Busby*, G. Xi*, K. Gollahan*, W. Flowers n, N. Gafbacik n, S. Gafbacik n, K. Stewart n ...

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 27, 2024

2017 magazine article

Collection gloves can impair semen quality

Stewart, K., Belstra, B., & Flowers, W. L. (2017, July 25). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/collection-gloves-can-impair-semen-quality

By: K. Stewart, B. Belstra & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 magazine article

Deciphering ‘people’ versus ‘pig’ problems in boar studs

Flowers, W. L. (2017, April 25). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/deciphering-people-versus-pig-problems-in-boar-studs

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 journal article

Design and biological effects of a vaginally administered gel containing the GnRH agonist, triptorelin, for synchronizing ovulation in swine

THERIOGENOLOGY, 112, 44–52.

By: R. Knox*, K. Stewart*, W. Flowers n, M. Swanson*, S. Webel* & R. Kraeling

author keywords: Al; Fertility; OvuGel; Ovulation; Pig; Synchronization
MeSH headings : Administration, Intravaginal; Animals; Estrus Synchronization / methods; Female; Fertility / drug effects; Fertility Agents, Female; Insemination, Artificial / methods; Insemination, Artificial / veterinary; Ovulation / drug effects; Ovulation Induction / methods; Ovulation Induction / veterinary; Pregnancy; Swine; Triptorelin Pamoate / administration & dosage; Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies / chemistry; Weaning
TL;DR: A novel gel formulation was selected for intravaginal delivery of the GnRH agonist (triptorelin) for synchronizing ovulation in pigs and the optimum time to give a single fixed time AI (SFT-AI) after administration of 200 μg of triptorelin in 1.2% gel (OvuGel®) at 96 h after weaning was tested. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 magazine article

Environmental ‘stressors’ add up to impact boar sperm production

Flowers, W. L. (2017, May 23). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/environmental-stressors-add-up-to-impact-boar-sperm-production

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 journal article

Study shows housing can impact boar sperm production, libido and fertility

National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/study-shows-housing-can-impact-boar-sperm-production-libido-and-fertility

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 journal article

Supplementation of Maternal Diets with Docosahexaenoic Acid and Methylating Vitamins Impacts Growth and Development of Fetuses from Malnourished Gilts

Current Developments in Nutrition, 2(3).

By: H. Lima n, X. Lin n, S. Jacobi n, C. Man n, J. Sommer n, W. Flowers n, A. Blikslager n, L. Gonzalez n, J. Odle n

Contributors: H. Lima n, X. Lin n, S. Jacobi n, C. Man n, J. Sommer n, W. Flowers n, A. Blikslager n, L. Gonzalez n, J. Odle n

author keywords: choline; B-vitamins; epigenetics; intrauterine growth restriction; nutrient restriction; low birth weight
TL;DR: Despite the mobilization of maternal stores, malnourished litters displayed reduced brain development that was fully mitigated by micronutrient supplementation. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 magazine article

Take a closer look at total born, mummies and stillborns

Flowers, W. L. (2017, February 28). National Hog Farmer Animal Health Newsletter. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/take-a-closer-look-at-total-born-mummies-and-stillborns

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 magazine article

Temperature variability can be detrimental to boar semen

Flowers, W. L. (2017, June 27). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/temperature-variability-can-be-detrimental-to-boar-semen

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 magazine article

Three production variables help pinpoint reproductive management issues

Flowers, W. L. (2017, March 28). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/3-production-variables-help-pinpoint-reproductive-management-issues

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 conference paper

Transition strategies from Associate degree programs to Bachelor of Science degree programs

Proceedings, Southwest Ontario Pork Conference, 17–21.

By: W. Flowers

Event: Southwest Ontario Pork Conference

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 magazine article

Weaning-to-estrus profiles and breeding with ‘young semen’

Flowers, W. L. (2017, November 27). Weaning-to-estrus profiles and breeding with ‘young semen.’ National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-health/weaning-to-estrus-profiles-and-breeding-with-young-semen-

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2017 magazine article

What are the relationships between semen quality and fertility estimates in stored semen?

Flowers, W. L. (2017, December 26). National Hog Farmer Daily Newsletters. https://www.nationalhogfarmer.com/hog-reproduction/what-are-the-relationships-between-semen-quality-and-fertility-estimates-in-stored-semen-

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2016 magazine article

Key management considerations for sow lifetime productivity

National Hog Farmer Blueprint Series, 77, 4–8.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2016 conference paper

Master of Animal Science (Distance Education):A viable option for advanced studies for swine industry professionals

Proceedings, N.C. Sow Longevity Conference, 16–21.

By: W. Flowers

Event: N.C. Sow Longevity Conference at Clinton, N.C

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2016 journal article

Use of heterospermic inseminations and paternity testing to evaluate the relative contributions of common sperm traits and seminal plasma proteins in boar fertility

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE, 174, 123–131.

By: W. Flowers n, F. Deller & K. Stewart*

author keywords: Seminal plasma proteins; Sperm quality; Fertility; Boars
MeSH headings : Animals; Female; Fertility / genetics; Fertility / physiology; Insemination, Artificial / veterinary; Male; Pregnancy; Semen / physiology; Spermatozoa / physiology; Swine / genetics; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that heterospermic inseminations and subsequent paternity testing is an effective technique for defining relationships between common semen quality tests and fertility, especially in situations where reproductive performance of all the boars is high. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 magazine article

Birthweight, neonatal management and sow longevity potential

National Hog Farmer Blueprint Series, 73, 6–11.

By: B. Flowers, J. Vallet & J. Cassady

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2015 article

Effect of dietary copper amount and source on copper metabolism and oxidative stress of weanling pigs in short-term feeding

Huang, Y. L., Ashwell, M. S., Fry, R. S., Lloyd, K. E., Flowers, W. L., & Spears, J. W. (2015, June). JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 93, pp. 2948–2955.

By: Y. Huang*, M. Ashwell n, R. Fry n, K. Lloyd n, W. Flowers n & J. Spears n

author keywords: copper; copper metabolism; oxidative stress; pigs
MeSH headings : Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Antioxidants / metabolism; Chlorides / pharmacology; Copper / metabolism; Copper Sulfate / pharmacology; Diet / veterinary; Dietary Supplements; Duodenum / metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation; Ileum / metabolism; Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism; Jejunum / metabolism; Liver / metabolism; Male; Malondialdehyde / metabolism; Oxidative Stress / drug effects; RNA, Messenger / genetics; RNA, Messenger / metabolism; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Feeding weanling pigs increased Cu resulted in modulation of duodenal and liver at the transcription level, and when fed at 225 mg Cu/kg diet, TBCC may cause less oxidative stress in the duodenum than CuSO4. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Factors Affecting the Efficient Production of Boar Sperm

Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 50(S2), 25–30.

By: W. Flowers n

MeSH headings : Animals; Animals, Newborn / physiology; Birth Weight; Environment; Male; Nutritional Requirements; Nutritional Status; Photoperiod; Spermatogenesis / physiology; Spermatozoa / physiology; Swine; Temperature; Weaning
TL;DR: Birthweight appears to hold promise as a prospective screening tool as it appears to have a strong positive relationship with adult sperm production, and several deficiencies in several of these areas are common in commercial studs and have additive, negative effects on sperm production. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

How to communicate with undergraduate students that lack an animal science or agricultural background

Animal Frontiers, 5(3), 54–59.

By: J. Parrish*, M. Smith*, R. Geisert*, D. Davis*, M. Wilson* & W. Flowers n

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2014 journal article

Blocking Ligand Occupancy of the alpha V beta 3 Integrin Inhibits the Development of Nephropathy in Diabetic Pigs

ENDOCRINOLOGY, 155(12), 4665–4675.

By: L. Maile*, W. Busby*, K. Gollahon*, W. Flowers n, N. Garbacik n, S. Garbacik n, K. Stewart n, T. Nichols* ...

MeSH headings : Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Diabetic Nephropathies / etiology; Diabetic Nephropathies / metabolism; Diabetic Nephropathies / pathology; Glomerular Basement Membrane / pathology; Integrin alphaVbeta3 / antagonists & inhibitors; Integrin alphaVbeta3 / metabolism; Male; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Podocytes / pathology; Proteinuria / etiology; Swine
TL;DR: Administration of an antibody that inhibits activation of the β3-subunit of αVβ3 that is induced by hyperglycemia attenuates proteinuria and early histologic changes of diabetic nephropathy, suggesting that it may have utility in preventing the progression of this disease complication. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Effect of gonadotropin releasing factor suppression with an immunological on growth performance, estrus activity, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of market gilts

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, 92(10), 4719–4724.

By: B. Bohrer*, W. Flowers n, J. Kyle*, S. Johnson*, V. King*, J. Spruill*, D. Thompson*, A. Schroeder*, D. Boler*

author keywords: estrus suppression; gilt; gonadotropin releasing factor; Improvest
MeSH headings : Animals; Body Composition / drug effects; Body Weight / physiology; Estrus; Female; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / pharmacology; Meat / standards; Sexual Maturation / drug effects; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Data suggest market gilts treated with an anti-GnRF analog had suppressed estrus and episodical changes in ADFI, while they had improved feed efficiency, increased ADG, and increased back fat depth when compared with gilts without anAnti-GNRF analog treatment. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Effects of methylating vitamins and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on intra‐uterine growth retardation in a feed‐restricted swine model (1033.8)

The FASEB Journal, 28(S1).

By: H. Lima n, S. Jacobi n, C. Man n, K. Walker n, J. Sommer n, W. Flowers n, A. Blikslager n, L. Xi n, J. Odle n

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 20, 2022

2014 conference paper

Factor affecting sow longevity on commercial farms

Proceedings, 2014 Banff Pork Conference, 17–24.

By: W. Flowers

Event: 2014 Banff Pork Conference

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2014 report

National Swine Reproduction Guide

U.S. Pork Center of Excellence.

By: D. Levis, B. Baker, M. Estienne, W. Flowers, M. Knauer, R. Knox, T. Safranski, W. Singleton, K. Stalder

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2013 journal article

Animal Frontiers fertility issue: Sex education that everyone needs to understand

Animal Frontiers, 3(4), 4–5.

By: W. Flowers n

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 26, 2024

2013 chapter

Boar seminal plasma proteins and their relevance to reproductive technologies

In H. Rodriquez-Martinez, N. M. Soede, & W. L. Flowers (Eds.), Control of Pig Reproduction IX (pp. 33–45). Nottingham, England, U.K: Context Limited.

By: W. Flowers, K. Stewart, T. Gall, S. Novak, M. Dyck & R. Kirkwood

Ed(s): H. Rodriquez-Martinez, N. Soede & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2013 journal article

Effect of dietary selenium on boar sperm quality

Animal Reproduction Science, 138(3-4), 268–275.

By: K. Lovercamp n, K. Stewart n, X. Lin n & W. Flowers n

author keywords: Boar; Selenium; Sperm; Lipid peroxidation; Glutathione peroxidise
MeSH headings : Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / drug effects; Animals; Cell Shape / drug effects; Dietary Supplements; Fatty Acids / analysis; Fatty Acids / metabolism; Glutathione Peroxidase / analysis; Glutathione Peroxidase / metabolism; Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects; Male; Selenium / administration & dosage; Selenium / analysis; Semen / chemistry; Semen / cytology; Semen / drug effects; Semen / metabolism; Semen Analysis / veterinary; Semen Preservation / veterinary; Swine / metabolism; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Results indicate that supplementing a basal diet with organic or inorganic selenium did not affect semen quantity or sperm quality in fresh ejaculates nor did it appear to have any beneficial latent effects in extended semen stored post collection. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, Crossref
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Effect of social ranks and gestation housing systems on oxidative stress status, reproductive performance, and immune status of sows1

Journal of Animal Science, 91(12), 5848–5858.

By: Y. Zhao n, W. Flowers n, A. Saraiva n, K. Yeum* & S. Kim n

Contributors: Y. Zhao n, W. Flowers n, A. Saraiva n, K. Yeum* & S. Kim n

author keywords: oxidative stress; reproductive performance; social rank; sow
MeSH headings : Aggression; Animals; Body Weight; Colostrum / chemistry; Female; Housing, Animal; Immunoglobulin G / blood; Immunoglobulin G / chemistry; Immunoglobulin M / blood; Immunoglobulin M / chemistry; Oxidative Stress / physiology; Pregnancy; Reproduction / physiology; Social Dominance; Swine / blood; Swine / immunology; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: The reproductive performance of sows from all of the social ranks was related to their oxidative stress status during gestation and lactation, and the immune status did not differ between sows housed in gestational crates (CON), pens (HR + MR + LR). (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID, Crossref
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Triennial Reproduction Symposium: Sperm characteristics that limit success of fertilization

Journal of Animal Science, 91(7), 3022–3029.

By: W. Flowers n

author keywords: fertility; livestock; male; sperm
MeSH headings : Animals; Cattle / physiology; Female; Fertility; Fertilization; Male; Sheep, Domestic / physiology; Sperm-Ovum Interactions; Spermatozoa / physiology; Sus scrofa / physiology
TL;DR: Current industry estimates of reproductive performance for cattle, sheep, and swine operations indicate that males contribute significantly to fertility failures and emphasizes the need for additional research in identifying characteristics of sperm that compromise fertilization. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Amount and source of dietary copper affects small intestine morphology, duodenal lipid peroxidation, hepatic oxidative stress, and mRNA expression of hepatic copper regulatory proteins in weanling pigs

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, 90(9), 3112–3119.

By: R. Fry n, M. Ashwell n, K. Lloyd n, A. O'Nan n, W. Flowers n, K. Stewart n, J. Spears n

author keywords: copper; copper proteins; mucosal histology; oxidative stress; pigs
MeSH headings : Animals; Copper / metabolism; Copper / pharmacology; Duodenum / drug effects; Duodenum / metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects; Intestinal Mucosa / drug effects; Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects; Liver / metabolism; Male; Malondialdehyde / metabolism; Oxidative Stress / drug effects; RNA, Messenger / genetics; RNA, Messenger / metabolism; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary; Swine / blood; Swine / metabolism
TL;DR: Results of this study indicated that, when fed at 225 mg Cu/kg diet, TBCC may cause less oxidative stress in the duodenum than CuSO(4), and feeding weanling pigs increased Cu resulted in modulation of certain Cu transporters and chaperones at the transcription level. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 conference paper

Possible physiological benchmarks for sow longevity prior to puberty

Proceedings, 2012 Al Leman Swine Conference, 14–21.

By: W. Flowers

Event: 2012 Al Leman Swine Conference

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2011 journal article

Effects of stress associated with weaning on the adaptive immune system in pigs

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, 90(2), 649–656.

By: A. Kick n, M. Tompkins n, W. Flowers n, C. Whisnant n & G. Almond n

author keywords: cortisol; immune cell; pig; weaning
MeSH headings : Adaptive Immunity / immunology; Animals; Animals, Suckling / blood; Animals, Suckling / immunology; B-Lymphocytes / immunology; Blood Cell Count / veterinary; Body Weight / immunology; Female; Flow Cytometry / veterinary; Hydrocortisone / blood; Least-Squares Analysis; Male; Neutrophils / immunology; Random Allocation; Swine / blood; Swine / immunology; T-Lymphocytes / immunology; Weaning
TL;DR: Early weaning did not negatively affect the adaptive immunological competence of pigs as determined by changes in populations of immune cells, and lymphocyte concentrations were less in weaned pigs on the day after weaning than in pigs remaining on the sow or weaned at a younger age. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2011 conference paper

Managing gene by environment interactions on reproductive performance of replacement gilts and boars through pre-weaning management at multiplication level – is this a reality?

Proceedings, 2011 Al Leman Swine Conference, 14–21.

By: W. Flowers

Event: 2011 Al Leman Swine Conference

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2011 magazine article

Physiology of 30+ Pigs/Sow/year

National Hog Farmer Blueprint Series, 53, 5–17.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2011 conference paper

Twenty-years of the Food Animal Scholars program – an alternative entry program for undergraduate students

Proceedings, Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series, 1–5. Canada: InterVet.

By: W. Flowers

Event: Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2010 journal article

Breed differences in pig temperament scores during a performance test and their phenotypic relationship with performance

LIVESTOCK SCIENCE, 136(2-3), 93–101.

By: C. Yoder n, C. Maltecca n, J. Cassady n, W. Flowers n, S. Price & M. See n

Contributors: C. Yoder n, C. Maltecca n, J. Cassady n, W. Flowers n, S. Price & M. See n

author keywords: Breed; Performance; Pigs; Temperament
TL;DR: Nucleus populations of Chester White, Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire boars and gilts were used to estimate breed differences in temperament and the relationship with performance, and vocal score was best described as two categories, vocal or non-vocal. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Effect of season on fresh and cryopreserved stallion semen

Animal Reproduction Science, 119(3-4), 219–227.

By: N. Wrench n, W. Flowers n, C. Farin n, D. Dix*, C. Pinto* & G. Klinefelter*

author keywords: Stallion; Cryopreservation; SP22; mRNA; Season; Semen
MeSH headings : Actins / genetics; Animals; Breeding; Cryopreservation / veterinary; Horses; Hot Temperature; Male; Microtubule-Associated Proteins / analysis; RNA, Messenger / analysis; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Seasons; Semen Preservation / veterinary; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa / abnormalities; Spermatozoa / chemistry; Spermatozoa / physiology
TL;DR: Based on data analyzed, semen collected in the Northern Hemisphere between March and June may be best suited for cryopreservation. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Endocrine, ovulatory and reproductive characteristics of sows treated with an intravaginal GnRH agonist

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE, 120(1-4), 112–119.

By: K. Stewart n, W. Flowers n, G. Rampacek*, D. Greger, M. Swanson & H. Hafs

author keywords: Sows-GnRH; Ovulation; Vagina; Weaning
MeSH headings : Administration, Intravaginal; Animals; Endocrine System / drug effects; Endocrine System / physiology; Estradiol / blood; Estrus / blood; Estrus / drug effects; Estrus / metabolism; Estrus Synchronization / drug effects; Estrus Synchronization / methods; Female; Fertility Agents, Female / administration & dosage; Fertility Agents, Female / pharmacology; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / agonists; Luteolytic Agents / administration & dosage; Luteolytic Agents / pharmacology; Ovulation / drug effects; Ovulation / physiology; Ovulation Induction / methods; Ovulation Induction / veterinary; Pregnancy; Reproduction / drug effects; Reproduction / physiology; Swine / physiology; Triptorelin Pamoate / administration & dosage; Triptorelin Pamoate / pharmacology
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that 100microg of triptorelin administered intravaginally in a least 1.2% methyl cellulose gel induced a normal preovulatory LH surge and synchronized time of ovulation in weaned sows. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 conference paper

Gilt development and management: Maximizing sow longevity

Proceedings, Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series, 5–12, Canada: InterVet.

By: W. Flowers

Event: Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2010 magazine article

Increased enrollment in swine management courses

Swine News, 33.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2010 conference paper

Semen handling on the farm

Proceedings, Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series, 52–56. Canada: InterVet.

By: W. Flowers

Event: Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2010 magazine article

Semen handling versus boar problems in the stud

Swine News, 33.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2010 magazine article

Temperature changes in extended semen

Swine News, 33.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2010 conference paper

Trouble shooting fertility problems

Proceedings, Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series, 30–38. Canada: InterVet.

By: W. Flowers

Event: Intervet Canada Partners in Reproduction Seminar Series

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2010 conference paper

Trouble shooting reproductive problems

Proceedings, Banff Pork Seminar. Presented at the Banff Pork Seminar. http://www.banffpork.ca/proceedings.cgi.

By: W. Flowers

Event: Banff Pork Seminar

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2009 chapter

Biotechnology: Artificial Insemination

In W. G. Pond & A. W. Bell (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Animal Science (pp. 137–139). New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): W. Pond & A. Bell

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2009 chapter

Selection for boar fertility and semen quality – the way ahead

In H. Rodriguez-Martinez, J. L. Vallet, & A. J. Ziecik (Eds.), Control of Pig Reproduction VIII (pp. 67–78). Nottingham, UK: Nottingham University Press.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): H. Rodriguez-Martinez, J. Vallet & A. Ziecik

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2009 chapter

Swine: Reproduction Management

In W. G. Pond & A. W. Bell (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Animal Science (pp. 829–831). New York: Marcell Dekker, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): W. Pond & A. Bell

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

2008 conference paper

Anatomy and physiology of the boar

Proceedings, 2008 Midwestern Boar Stud Managers’ Conference, 10–16.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2008 conference paper

Applying reproductive technologies in practice

Proceedings, 2008 London Swine Conference, 42–50.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2008 chapter

Biotechnology: Artificial Insemination

In M. Wheeler (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Agricultural Biotechnology (pp. 457–460). New York: Marcell Dekker, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): M. Wheeler

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2008 journal article

Effect of season on sperm membrane protein 22 and selected mRNAs in fresh and cryopreserved stallion sperm

Animal Reproduction Science, 107(3-4), 357.

By: N. Wrench n, C. Pinto n, G. Klinefelter*, D. Dix*, W. Flowers n & C. Farin n

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 28, 2020

2008 article

Genetic and phenotypic variation in reproductive traits of AI boars

Flowers, W. L. (2008, November). THERIOGENOLOGY, Vol. 70, pp. 1297–1303.

By: W. Flowers n

author keywords: Boars; Sexual behaviour; Sperm production; Fertility; Genetics
MeSH headings : Animals; Fertility / genetics; Genetic Variation; Insemination, Artificial / veterinary; Male; Reproduction / genetics; Reproduction / physiology; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Swine / genetics; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Current prospects for influencing sperm production, boar fertility, and mounting behaviours through genetic selection are viewed as being good, moderate to low, and poor, respectively. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 conference paper

Management factors that affect boars before they arrive at the stud

Proceedings, 2008 Midwestern Boar Study Managers’ Conference, 45–52.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2008 conference paper

New opportunities for reproductive management

Proceedings, 2008 London Swine Conference, 14–24.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2007 journal article

Food Animal Scholars Program: An early selection program for undergraduates at North Carolina State University interested in pursuing a career in veterinary medicine working with food animals

N.C. Education Journal, 85(supplement 1), 461–468.

By: W. Flowers, C. Parkhurst, J. Moore, C. Whisnant, S. Pardue & C. Williams

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2007 journal article

Porcine sperm zona binding ability as an indicator of fertility

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE, 104(1), 69–82.

By: E. Collins n, W. Flowers n, R. Shanks & D. Miller*

author keywords: pig-fertility; fertilization; heterospermic insemination; sperm; zona pellucida
MeSH headings : Animals; Female; Fertility / physiology; Fertilization in Vitro; Insemination, Artificial / veterinary; Litter Size; Male; Ovum / cytology; Ovum / physiology; Predictive Value of Tests; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sperm-Ovum Interactions / physiology; Spermatozoa / cytology; Spermatozoa / physiology; Swine; Zona Pellucida / physiology
TL;DR: Results suggest that zona binding ability is not an accurate predictor of fertilizing ability when used alone; however, when coupled with other sperm assessments, fertility may be predicted successfully. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2007 journal article

Student perceptions of and enrollment in swine management courses at North Carolina State University

N.C. Education Journal, 85(supplement 1), 686–690.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2006 chapter

Diseases of the reproductive system

In B. Straw, J. Zimmerman, S. D'Allaire, & D. Taylor (Eds.), Diseases of Swine (9th edition. B, pp. 113–148). Ames, IA: Blackwell Publishing.

By: G. Almond, W. Flowers, L. Batista & S. D'Allaire

Ed(s): B. Straw, J. Zimmerman, S. D'Allaire & D. Taylor

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2006 journal article

Dynamics of how students earn their final grade in an introductory animal science course

N.C. Education Journal, 84(supplement 1), 407–412.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2006 conference paper

Effect of neonatal environment on adult reproductive performance of boars

Proceedings, NSIF Annual Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2005 conference paper

New ideas about gilt development and management

Proceedings, Manitoba Swine Seminar, 1–12.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2005 chapter

Pregnancy detection in swine

In P.I.H. Handbook. National Pork Board.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2005 chapter

Swine Management Systems: Intensive

In W. G. Pond & A. W. Bell (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Animal Science (pp. 1–4). New York: Marcell Dekker, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): W. Pond & A. Bell

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2005 chapter

Swine: Reproduction Management

In W. G. Pond & A. W. Bell (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Animal Science (pp. 831–833). New York: Marcell Dekker, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): W. Pond & A. Bell

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 chapter book

Biotechnology: Artificial Insemination

By: W. Flowers*

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 26, 2024

2004 conference paper

Data on various extenders: viability over time

Proceedings, Midwest Boar Stud Managers Conference II, 56–64.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 conference paper

Detailed description of sperm motility/morphology and causes of abnormalities

Proceedings, Midwest Boar Stud Managers Conference II, 13–28.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 journal article

Effect of dietary trace mineral concentration and source (inorganic vs. chelated) on performance, mineral status, and fecal mineral excretion in pigs from weaning through finishing

Journal of Animal Science, 82(7), 2140–2147.

MeSH headings : Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Chelating Agents / pharmacology; Copper / administration & dosage; Copper / metabolism; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Feces / chemistry; Female; Iron / administration & dosage; Iron / metabolism; Manganese / administration & dosage; Manganese / metabolism; Nutritional Status; Random Allocation; Swine / growth & development; Swine / metabolism; Trace Elements / administration & dosage; Trace Elements / metabolism; Weaning; Zinc / administration & dosage; Zinc / metabolism
TL;DR: Reducing the concentrations of Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe typically supplemented to pig diets will greatly decrease fecal mineral excretion without negatively affecting pig performance from weaning through development. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Factors affecting temporal relationships between estrus and ovulation in commercial sow farms

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE, 84(3-4), 377–394.

By: B. Belstra n, W. Flowers n & M. See n

Contributors: B. Belstra n, W. Flowers n & M. See n

author keywords: estrus; ovulation; insemination; seasonal infertility; sows
MeSH headings : Animal Husbandry / methods; Animals; Estrus / physiology; Estrus Detection; Female; Genotype; Insemination, Artificial / physiology; Lactation / physiology; Least-Squares Analysis; Male; Ovulation / physiology; Ovulation Detection / veterinary; Parity / physiology; Pregnancy; Seasons; Swine / physiology; Time Factors; Weaning
TL;DR: The data indicate that factors other than weaning-to-estrus interval, such as season and parity, can significantly alter DE and EOI, however, the effects of season and weaning -to-ESTrus interval on DE andEOI can be inconsistent among different farms. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Growth performance, carcass characteristics, plasma minerals, and fecal mineral excretion in grower-finisher swine fed diets with levels of trace minerals lower than common industry levels

Journal of Swine Health and Production, 12(5), 237–241.

By: E. Van Heugten, P. O'Quinn, D. Funderburke, W. Flowers & J. Spears

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 conference paper

Improving swine reproductive efficiency - technologies that work

Proceedings, Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Veterinarians Optimizing Reproductive Efficiency Symposium, 63–71.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 chapter

Management of boars in A.I. Centers

In P.I.H. Handbook. National Pork Board.

By: W. Singleton & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 conference paper

Management of boars in studs

Proceedings, 2004 World Pork Expo's Pork Academy.

By: W. Singleton & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 conference paper

Opportunities for graduate students in semen quality control and management

Proceedings, Midwest Boar Stud Managers Conference II, 68–72.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 conference paper

Overview of anatomy and physiology

Proceedings, Midwest Boar Stud Managers Conference II, 1–12.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 conference paper

Synchronization of estrus in swine

Proceedings, 2004 World Pork Expo's Pork Academy.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 chapter

Synchronization of estrus in swine

In P.I.H. Handbook. National Pork Board.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 journal article

Urinary excretion of collagen degradation markers by sows during postpartum uterine involution

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE, 85(1-2), 131–145.

By: B. Belstra n, W. Flowers n, W. Croom n, J. DeGroot* & M. See n

Contributors: B. Belstra n, W. Flowers n, W. Croom n, J. DeGroot* & M. See n

author keywords: embryo mortality; lactation; postpartum; sow; uterine involution
MeSH headings : Amino Acids / urine; Animals; Biomarkers / urine; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Collagen / urine; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Puerperal Disorders / urine; Puerperal Disorders / veterinary; Swine; Swine Diseases / urine; Uterine Diseases / urine; Uterine Diseases / veterinary
TL;DR: Overall, data from experiments I and II indicate that urinary HP does increase postpartum in a pattern temporally consistent with uterine involution, and this data is consistent with a post partum increase of soft tissue collagen catabolism. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
5. Gender Equality (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 conference paper

Using real-time ultrasound for pregnancy diagnosis in swine

Proceedings, 2004 World Pork Expo's Pork Academy.

By: R. Knox & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 chapter

Using real-time ultrasound for pregnancy diagnosis in swine

In P.I.H. Handbook. National Pork Board.

By: R. Knox & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2004 conference paper

What methods are available for estimating boar fertility

Proceedings, Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Veterinarians Boar Stud Topics Symposium, 1–7.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2003 conference paper

Future reproductive activities - transcervical A.I. and other studies related to A.I

Proceedings, 47th NCPC Annual Conference, 15–24.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2003 report

Future" reproductive technologies: Applied results of transcervical insemination and other studies related to artificial insemination

[Department of Animal Science Annual Report].

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2003 report

Student placement rate in livestock management/production positions

[Department of Animal Science Annual Report].

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2003 conference paper

Trouble-shooting reproductive problems using production records

Proceedings, Ontario Pork Producers Conference. Guelph, 15–22.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2003 conference paper

Undergraduate enrollment in swine management courses – 15 year trend

Proceedings, 47th NCPC Annual Conference, 32–36.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2003 report

Using reproductive physiology to trouble-shoot fertility problems (part I)

[Department of Animal Science Annual Report].

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2003 journal article

Variability in relationships between semen quality and estimates of in vivo and in vitro fertility in boars

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE, 81(1-2), 97–113.

By: J. Popwell* & W. Flowers n

author keywords: boar; semen quality; fertilization
MeSH headings : Acrosome / ultrastructure; Animals; Female; Fertility; Fertilization in Vitro / veterinary; Insemination, Artificial / veterinary; Litter Size; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Semen / physiology; Sperm Head / ultrastructure; Sperm Motility; Sperm Tail / ultrastructure; Sperm-Ovum Interactions; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that simply relying on the means of common semen quality estimates from some boars has limited value in terms of being used as a prospective indicator of their in vivo or in vitro fertility. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 journal article

Increasing fertilization rate of boars: Influence of number and quality of spermatozoa inseminated

Journal of Animal Science, 80(E-supplement 1), E47.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2002 journal article

Iron methionine as a source of iron for the neonatal pig

NUTRITION RESEARCH, 22(10), 1209–1217.

By: E. Kegley*, J. Spears n, W. Flowers n & W. Schoenherr n

author keywords: iron; anemia; pig
TL;DR: Iron methionine given orally was a safe, effective source of Fe, but a single oral dose of FeMet was not equivalent to injectable Fe, and utilization was greatest when given at 3 d compared to at birth. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 journal article

Long-term effects of boron supplementation on reproductive characteristics and bone mechanical properties in gilts

Journal of Animal Science, 80(1), 154–161.

By: T. Armstrong n, B. Flowers n, J. Spears n & F. Nielsen*

MeSH headings : Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone and Bones / chemistry; Bone and Bones / drug effects; Bone and Bones / physiology; Boron / pharmacology; Dietary Supplements; Female; Male; Random Allocation; Reproduction / drug effects; Reproduction / physiology; Swine / metabolism; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Results indicate that B may have beneficial effects upon reproductive and bone characteristics in gilts, which may be related to increased bone turnover in B-supplemented gilts. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 magazine article

Reproductive biology to improve suboptimal reproductive performance

Flowers, W. L. (2002, June). Pig Progress, 22–24.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2002 journal article

Strategies for Achieving Success in an Introductory Class, ANS 150

N.C.S.U. Undergraduate Research Journal, 15, 5–12.

By: B. Brenseke & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2002 conference paper

Using reproductive biology to improve suboptimal reproductive performance

Proceedings, 17th Congress of the International Pig Veterinary Society, 1, 43–48.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2002 magazine article

Using reproductive physiology to trouble-shoot fertility problems (Part I)

Swine News, 25,(7).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 report

Effect of age at which semen collection regimens are initiated on production of spermatozoa in boars

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 chapter

Effects of the Inseminator and Insemination Type on Efficacy of A.I

In P. D. Cranwell (Ed.), Manipulating Pig Production VIII (pp. 173–179). Melbourne, Australia: Australasian Pig Science Association.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): P. Cranwell

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 report

Factors contributing to variation in duration of estrus and time of ovulation in a commercial sow herd

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: B. Belstra, W. Flowers, K. Rozeboom & M. See

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 report

Influence of neonatal environment on sperm production of mature boars

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 chapter

Production of Fertile Insemination Doses

In P. D. Cranwell (Ed.), Manipulating Pig Production VIII (pp. 157–165). Melbourne, Australia: Australasian Pig Science Association.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): P. Cranwell

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 report

Real-time ultrasonography and diagnosis of pseudopregnancy in swine

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 report

Relationships between seminal plasma proteins and boar fertility

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2001 book

Reproductive Management of Pigs: Guides and Problem Solving

Fargo, N.D: Sus Multimedia Publications.

By: P. Hughes, W. Flowers, B. Kemp, R. Kirkwood, D. Levis, N. Soede, P. Thacker, J. Tilton

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 journal article

Coping with seasonal infertility in the sow herd: Part 1

Swine News, 23(3).

By: K. Rozeboom, M. See & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 report

Early exposure to swine in undergraduate programs is positively correlated with employment decisions after graduation

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 report

Effect of age at which semen collection regimens are initiated on production of spermatozoa in boars

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 report

Factors contributing to variation in duration of estrus and time of ovulation in a commercial sow herd

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: B. Belstra, W. Flowers, K. Rozeboom & M. See

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 report

Influence of neonatal environment on sperm production of mature boars

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 report

Management practices to reduce the impact of seasonal infertility on sow herd productivity

(Animal Science Facts, Publication No. ANS 00–813).

By: K. Rozeboom, M. See & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 chapter

Pregnancy diagnosis

In P.I.H. Handbook (p. 5). Purdue Cooperative Extension Service.

By: W. Flowers & R. Knox

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 report

Real-time ultrasonography and diagnosis of pseudopregnancy in swine

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

2000 journal article

Real-time ultrasonography and pregnancy diagnosis in swine

Journal of Animal Science, 77(E-Suppl), 1.

By: W. Flowers n, J. Armstrong*, S. White n, T. Woodard n & G. Almond n

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 17, 2024

2000 report

Relationships between seminal plasma proteins and boar fertility

(Department of Animal Science Report No. 248).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1999 chapter

Artificial Insemination in Animals

In E. Knobil & J. Neill (Eds.), Encycolpedia of Reproduction (pp. 487–494). New York: Academic Press, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): E. Knobil & J. Neill

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1999 journal article

Control of the weaning-to-estrus interval in sows using gonadotropins and prostaglandins during lactation

Journal of Animal Science, 77(9), 2533–2539.

MeSH headings : Animals; Chorionic Gonadotropin / pharmacology; Corpus Luteum / drug effects; Dinoprost / pharmacology; Estrus / drug effects; Female; Lactation; Ovulation Induction; Progesterone / pharmacology; Swine / physiology; Time Factors; Weaning
TL;DR: Results indicate that it is possible to induce ovulation immediately after farrowing, using a single injection of hCG, and this strategy can be used to uncouple weaning from the resumption of reproductive activity. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1999 journal article

Insemination programs in swine to increase fertility

Journal of Animal Science, 75(supplement 3), 65–76.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1999 magazine article

New ideas concerning gilt development

Flowers, W. L. (1999, June). Just Pigs, 4.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1999 conference paper

Real-time ultrasonography and pregnancy diagnosis in swine

Proceedings, Technical Forum, American Society of Animal Science, 1–10.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1999 chapter

Reproductive Diseases in Swine

In Diseases of Swine (8th edition. B, pp. 120–148). Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.

By: J. Britt, G. Almond & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1999 magazine article

Water quality and semen viability. Pigs on Parade (Swine A.I

Swine A.I. News Bulletin, VIII(Second Quarter).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1998 conference paper

Enrichment experiences for students with swine interest through the Alhusen Scholars program

Proceedings, Kansas State University Swine Profitability Conference, 22–24.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1998 journal article

Improving boar fertility

Advances in Pork Production, 9(1998), 1–11.

By: B. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1998 conference paper

Management of the boar used for A.I

Proceedings, V International Symposium on Swine Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, 76–92.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1998 conference paper

New advances in swine A.I

Proceedings, Kansas State University Swine Profitability Conference, 25–37.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1998 conference paper

New ideas on boar and sow fertility

Proceedings, World Pork Symposium, N.P.P.C, 151–169.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1998 journal article

New ideas on boar and sow fertility examined

Feedstuffs, 70(35), 12–131923.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1998 conference paper

Principal causes of reproductive failure associated with A.I

Proceedings, V International Symposium on Swine Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, 16–25.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 magazine article

AI vs. Natural Service

National Hog Farmer Blueprint Series, (24), 6–16.

By: M. See & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 magazine article

Boar fertility: Sizing up boar performance one at a time

International Pigletter, 16(12), 47–49.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 conference paper

Characteristics of successful undergraduate and graduate student research experiences on commercial sow farms

Proceedings, Advanced Swine Production Course, 33–36. University of Illinois.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 conference paper

Common problems encountered with A.I

Proceedings, Maritime Pork Conference, 13–20.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 journal article

Cooperative efforts in swine educational programs between land grant universities and the community college system in N.C

Journal of Animal Science, 75(supplement 1), 277.

By: W. Flowers, J. Armstrong & S. Mathis

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 conference paper

Establishing scoring systems for natural and artificial matings

Proceedings, Swine Reproduction Workshop, 28th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners, 1–6.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 chapter

Estrus and Heat Detection

In Pork Industry Handbook. Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service.

By: J. Diehl & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 journal article

Genetically engineered large animal model for studying cone photoreceptor survival and degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa

NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY, 15(10), 965–970.

By: R. Petters n, C. Alexander n, K. Wells n, E. Collins n, . Sommer n, M. Blanton n, G. Rojas n, Y. Hao* ...

author keywords: transgenic swine; retinal degeneration; rhodopsin mutation; night blindness; eye disease
MeSH headings : Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Blotting, Southern; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Embryo Transfer; Gene Expression Regulation / genetics; Genetic Engineering; Microscopy, Electron; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retina / pathology; Retina / physiopathology; Retina / ultrastructure; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / physiopathology; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / ultrastructure; Retinal Degeneration / physiopathology; Retinitis Pigmentosa / genetics; Retinitis Pigmentosa / physiopathology; Rhodopsin / chemistry; Rhodopsin / genetics; Swine / embryology; Swine / genetics; Transgenes
TL;DR: These transgenic pigs that express a mutated rhodopsin gene will provide a large animal model for study of the protracted phase of cone degeneration found in RP and for preclinical treatment trials. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1997 conference paper

Getting sows bred efficiently in modern production systems

Proceedings, 13th Annual Virginia Pork Industry Conference, 15–22.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 conference paper

Management of boars for efficient semen production

In R. D. G. G. R. Foxcroft & C. Doberska (Eds.), Control of pig reproduction V: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Pig Reproduction, held at Congress Centre Rolduc, Kerkrade, The Netherlands, June 1997 (Journal of reproduction and fertility. Supplement; no. 52) (Vol. 52, pp. 67–78).

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): R. G. R. Foxcroft & C. Doberska

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1997 chapter

Management of reproduction

In M. A. V. J. Wiseman & J. P. Chadwick (Eds.), Progress in pig science (pp. 383–405). Thrumpton, Nottingham: Nottingham University Press.

By: W. Flowers

Ed(s): M. J. Wiseman & J. Chadwick

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1997 conference paper

Practical aspects of using A.I. on swine farms

Proceedings, Advanced Swine Production Course, 16–32. University of Illinois.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 report

Reproductive Management of Early Weaned Sows

(Technical Report No. 15). InterVet, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 report

Scoring natural and artificial matings

(N.C. Pork Report No. 10; pp. 8–9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 conference paper

Summer educational exchange programs between N.C.S.U. and Virginia Tech

Proceedings, 13th Annual Virginia Pork Industry Conference, 23–26.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1997 conference paper

The manager’s role in using artificial insemination - reproductive management

Proceedings, N.P.P.C. Professional Swine Managers’ Training, Level 1, 35–48.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Addressing the Reproductive Challenges Created by A.I. and Early Weaning

Proceedings, Focus on the Future II, Purina Mills/Brock & Associates, 30–45.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

An update on swine A.I

Proceedings of the 16th Technical Conference on Artificial Insemination and Reproduction, N.A.A.B, 88–95.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 journal article

Common causes of reproductive failure in swine A.I. programs and their impact on farrowing rate and litter size

Swine Health and Production, 4, 123–128.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Common issues associated with on-farm A.I. use

Proceedings, 1996 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, 67–73.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 report

Demographics of Swine A.I. Use in the U.S

(N.C. Pork Report No. 9; pp. 11–12).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Developing human capital for the swine industry

Proceedings, N.P.P.C. Swine Profitability Conference, 17–21.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Estrous Detection and Timing of Inseminations

Proceedings, N.P.P.C. Swine Profitability Conference, 10–15.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Making A.I. Work

Proceedings, Advanced Swine Production Technology Course, 35–53. University of Illinois.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Opportunities and Challenges in Swine A.I

Proceedings, Land O’ Lakes Management Series, 1–14.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Performance expectations of different mating systems

Proceedings, 1996 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, 63–66.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Reproductive Physiology of the Sow and A.I

Proceedings, N.P.P.C. Swine Educators Meeting, 2–15.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Reproductive physiology of the boar

Proceedings of Swine Reproduction Symposium, 1–6. American College of Theriogenologists, Society for Theriogenology and American Association of Swine Practitioners.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Semen Evaluation, Processing, Packaging and Transportation Methods

Proceedings, 27th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners, 469–480.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Successful A.I

Proceedings, 1996 N.P.P.C. P.O.R.K. Academy, 10–35. American College of Theriogenologists, Society for Theriogenology and American Association of Swine Practitioners.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1996 conference paper

Swine and Poultry Scholars program – early identification and training of swine veterinarians

Proceedings, 27th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners, 491–495.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 conference paper

Answers to the 10 most commonly asked questions about A.I

Proceedings, North Carolina Healthy Hogs Seminar, 49–56.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 conference paper

Characterization of the implementation and use of artificial insemination (A.I.)

N.C. swine industry. Proceedings, 54th Congres Annuel, Ordre des Medecins veterinaires du Quebec, 128–132.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 report

Effect of metal proteinates on baby pig growth and survival and sow reproductive performance

(ANS Report No. 247; pp. 75–77).

By: J. Spears, W. Flowers, E. Van Heugten & E. Kegley

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 journal article

Evidence for a local role of inhibin or inhibin   subunits in compensatory ovarian hypertrophy

Reproduction, 104(2), 291–295.

By: B. King n, J. Britt n, K. Esbenshade n, W. Flowers n & J. Ireland n

MeSH headings : Alpha-Globulins; Animals; Corpus Luteum / physiology; Estradiol / blood; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone / blood; Hypertrophy; Immunization; Inhibins / immunology; Inhibins / physiology; Luteinizing Hormone / blood; Ovariectomy; Ovary / pathology; Ovary / physiology; Progesterone / blood; Radioimmunoassay; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: It is concluded that inhibin or inhibin α subunits are positive local stimulators of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in postpubertal gilts independent of alterations in serum hormones, duration of oestrous cycle, or normal ovulation rate per ovary. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1995 report

Finetuning A.I. Management

(Technical Report No. 14). InterVet, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 conference paper

Graduate training programs for swine veterinarians in North America

Proceedings, VII Congresso Brasilero de Veterinarios Especialistas em Suinos, 71–74.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 report

North Carolina Pork Council on-campus internship program: Exposure of undergraduates to state politics associated with the swine industry

(ANS Report No. 247; pp. 57–60).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 conference paper

Optimizing management of natural and artificial matings in swine

Proceedings, 1995 North American Veterinary Conference, 519–521.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 conference paper

Physiologie de la reproduction chez la truie

Proceedings, 54th Congres Annuel, Ordre des Medecins veterinaires du Quebec, 107–125.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 report

Processing Sperm-rich and Whole Ejaculates for Swine A.I

(N.C. Pork Report No. 8; pp. 13–15).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 report

Real-time ultrasound as an enhanced means of pregnancy diagnosis in swine

(ANS Report No. 247; pp. 83–84).

By: T. Woodard, S. White, W. Flowers, G. Almond, M. McCaw & J. Armstrong

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 report

Relationships between estimates of fertility and motility for porcine spermatozoa

(ANS Report No. 247; pp. 55–56).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1995 conference paper

Reproductive management: a technical and ecomonic analysis of natural mating (NM) versus artificial insemination (AI

Proceedings, VII Congresso Brasilero de Veterinarios Especialistas em Suinos, 49–52.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

AI equipment use and calibration

Proceedings, The Southeast Swine Practitioners’ Conference, 1–27.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

Artificial insemination

Proceedings, 1994 National Pork Conference, 12–23.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 report

Characterization of the use of artificial insemination in the N.C. swine industry

(ANS Report No. 246; pp. 88–89).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 report

Control of Estrus and Ovulation in Swine

(Technical Report No. 13). InterVet, Inc.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 journal article

Effect of breeding technician on reproductive performance of sows

Swine Health and Production, 6, 17–24.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 report

Effect of lowering serum somatotropin and insulin-like growth factor-I on puberty and ovulation rate in gilts

(ANS Report No. 246; pp. 86–87).

By: J. Armstrong, W. Flowers, J. Britt, R. Campbell & A. Felix

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 report

Enhancement of fertility with A.I.: Effect of oxytocin as a pre-breeding stimuli

(ANS Report No. 246; pp. 89–90).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

Gearing up to produce pork for a market...and using AI to help get you there quicker

Proceedings, Elanco Animal Health, Swine Management Seminar Series, 21–35.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 report

Growth and maturation of porcine oocytes in vitro via culture of intact preantral follicles

(pp. 99–104) [N.P.P.C. 1994 Research Investment Report].

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 report

Growth and maturation of preantral porcine follicles in vitro

(ANS Report No. 246; pp. 91–92).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 journal article

Incorporation of research experiences into a swine management course

N.C. Education Journal, 72(supplement 1), 142–147.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

Opportunities to improve management using artificial insemination

Proceedings, A.I. - A Tool for Profitable Pork Production, NPPC Producer Education Series, 12–20.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

Optimizing semen handling, breeding schedules and the economics of A.I

Proceedings, Boar Stud Management Seminar, 25th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practitioners, 43–52.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

Physiological events associated with response to mating frequency

Proceedings, Maximizing Mating Efficiency Symposium, 25th Meeting of the American Association of Swine Practioners, 12–18.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 report

Pigs and People: Use of Swine in Biomedical Research

(N.C. Pork Report No. 7; pp. 15–17).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

Quality control issues for artificial insemination programs

Proceedings, Pork Summit,’ 94, 33–37.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

Relationships among variation associated with the ovulatory process, mating frequency and reproductive performance in swine

Proceedings, P.I.C. Breeders’ Roundtable, 45–55.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1994 conference paper

The swine practitioner’s role in artificial insemination

Proceedings, American Veterinary Medicine Association Annual Meeting, 1–6.

By: W. Morrow & B. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 report

Current Status of Estrus Synchronization for Swine

(N.C. Pork Report No. 6; pp. 17–20).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 report

Effects of breeding technician on reproductive performance of swine bred via natural service

(ANS Report No. 245; pp. 26–28).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 conference paper

Enhancing natural and artificial matings

Proceedings, 35th Oklahoma Pork Congress, 30–46.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 conference paper

Four check-points for A.I. programs

Proceedings, N.C. Healthy Hogs Seminar, 65–68.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 report

Incorporation of non-traditional uses of artificial insemination into breeding strategies for increasing reproductive performance

(pp. 197–204) [N.P.P.C. 1993 Research Investment Report].

By: W. Flowers & K. Esbenshade

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 report

Interest in Swine among Undergraduates at N.C.S.U

(North Carolina Pork Report No. 6; pp. 7–8).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1993 report

Management of the Boar

In Pork Industry Handbook. Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service.

By: W. Singleton, W. Flowers, D. Reeves & L. Thompson

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 report

New Swine Concentration in the Agricultural Institute

(ANS Report No. 245; pp. 29–31).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 journal article

Optimizing management of natural and artificial matings in swine

Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, (Supplement. 40), 217–228.

By: W. Flowers & K. Esbenshade

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 journal article

Ovulatory and endocrine responses after active immunization of gilts against a synthetic fragment of bovine inhibin

Journal of Animal Science, 71(4), 975–982.

By: B. King n, J. Britt n, K. Esbenshade n, W. Flowers n, L. Sesti n, T. Martin*, J. Ireland*

author keywords: PIGS; INHIBIN; IMMUNIZATION; OVULATION; OVARIES; REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES
MeSH headings : Animals; Antibody Formation; Estradiol / blood; Estrus; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone / blood; Follicle Stimulating Hormone / metabolism; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / pharmacology; Immunization / veterinary; Immunization, Secondary / veterinary; Inhibins / immunology; Inhibins / physiology; Luteinizing Hormone / blood; Luteinizing Hormone / metabolism; Ovulation; Pituitary Gland / drug effects; Pituitary Gland / metabolism; Progesterone / blood; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Whether neutralizing endogenous inhibin would affect ovulation rate and serum concentrations of FSH, LH, estradiol-17 beta, and progesterone in gilts in INH gilts was determined and antibody titers were estimated. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

1993 conference paper

Renewed Interest in Artificial Insemination

Wilson Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 journal article

Response of porcine granulosa cells isolated from primary and secondary follicles to FSH, 8-bromo-cAMP and epidermal growth factor in vitro

Reproduction, 99(2), 577–584.

By: D. Morbeck n, W. Flowers n & J. Britt n

TL;DR: A cell culture system was developed to study the function of porcine granulosa cells from primary and secondary follicles and found that treatment with FBS, EGF, and FSH increased DNA ingranulosa cell cultures from secondary but not from primary follicles. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1993 report

Stimulation and Detection of Heat in Gilts and Sows

(Technical Report No. 12). InterVet, Inc.

By: J. Britt & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 conference paper

Swine and Poultry Scholars Program – alternative entry program for future livestock veterinarians

Proceedings, N.C. Healthy Hogs Seminar, 69–75.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 conference paper

The reproductive physiology of A.I

Proceedings, The N.C. Swine A.I. Workshop, 43–51.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 conference paper

Use of A.I. - how to start and make it work in your herd

Proceedings, The N.C. Swine A.I. Workshop, 51–61.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1993 report

Vitamin E supplementation of growing and finishing diets with or without added fat (a preliminary report)

(ANS Report No. 245; pp. 23–25).

By: W. Schoenherr, M. Coffey & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1992 journal article

Artificial insemination in swine

Agri-Practice, 13(2), 36.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1992 report

Climatic aspects of seasonal fertility

(N.C. Pork Report No. 5; pp. 12–13).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1992 magazine article

Current global status of A.I

Swine News, 15(1).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1992 journal article

Kinetics of Follicle Growth in the Prepubertal Gilt

Biology of Reproduction, 47(3), 485–491.

By: D. Morbeck n, K. Esbenshade n, W. Flowers n & J. Britt n

MeSH headings : Animals; Colchicine / pharmacology; Female; Granulosa Cells / cytology; Kinetics; Mitosis; Oocytes / cytology; Ovarian Follicle / cytology; Ovarian Follicle / drug effects; Ovarian Follicle / physiology; Sexual Maturation; Swine / physiology; Theca Cells / cytology
TL;DR: Eight classes of follicles were established such that the number of granulosa cells per cross section doubled in each class and oocyte diameter increased through the first four classes and reached a maximum diameter of approximately 110 microns. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, Web Of Science
Added: August 6, 2018

1992 journal article

Managing for Fewer NPDs

National Hog Farmer Blueprint Series, (15), 22–27.

By: J. Britt & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1992 magazine article

Mating frequency and non-productive sow days

Swine News, 15(8).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1992 journal article

REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE AND ESTIMATES OF LABOR REQUIREMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH COMBINATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION AND NATURAL SERVICE IN SWINE

JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, 70(3), 615–621.

By: W. Flowers n & H. Alhusen

author keywords: PIGS; REPRODUCTION; ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION; NATURAL MATING
MeSH headings : Age Factors; Animals; Breeding / economics; Copulation; Female; Insemination, Artificial / veterinary; Litter Size; Parity; Random Allocation; Reproduction; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Results from this study demonstrate that gilts and sows responded differently to combinations of NS andAI in terms of reproductive performance and differences in labor requirements per sow or gilt between NS and AI matings were dependent on parity and daily breeding demands. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1992 report

Reproductive Performance of First Parity Sows

(Technical Report No. 11). InterVet, Inc.

By: W. Flowers & B. Day

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1992 journal article

Untangling the Estrous Cycle

National Hog Farmer Blueprint Series, (15), 15–21.

By: J. Britt & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Conception rate: The human factor

Swine News, 14(11).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 conference paper

Conducting Breeding Soundness Examinations and Evaluating Male Fertility

Swine In-Service Training Session.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Current update on swine estrous synchronization

Flowers, W. L. (1991, October). GA Pork Producer, 5–6.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Detection of boar effects on reproductive performance

Swine News, 14(2).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 report

Developing Replacement Gilts

(No. AG-446).

By: W. Flowers, W. Schoenherr, M. Coffey, J. Jones, J. Parker, R. Swain, C. Stanislaw

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 conference paper

Developing Replacement Gilts: Breeding Considerations

Northwest Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 conference paper

Developing Replacement Gilts: Breeding Management

Proceedings, Northeast Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 conference paper

Developing Replacement Gilts: Environmental Management

Northwest Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 conference paper

Developing Replacement Gilts: Environmental Management

Proceedings, Northeast Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers, J. Parker & R. Swain

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 journal article

Development of porcine embryos following microsurgical blastomere transplantation

Animal Reproduction Science, 24(3-4), 315–322.

By: M. Martin*, T. Cantley*, W. Flowers* & B. Day*

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 28, 2024

1991 journal article

Effect of cell‐free synchronous uterine flushings and microsurgery on the development of porcine embryos in vitro

Molecular Reproduction and Development, 30(2), 100–104.

By: M. Martin*, T. Cantley*, W. Flowers* & B. Day*

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 27, 2024

1991 journal article

Effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin on contractile activity of steroid-primed pig myometrium in vitro

Reproduction, 92(2), 425–432.

By: B. Flowers n, A. Ziecik & E. Caruolo n

MeSH headings : Animals; Chorionic Gonadotropin / pharmacology; Estradiol / pharmacology; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone / blood; In Vitro Techniques; Luteinizing Hormone / blood; Myometrium / drug effects; Myometrium / metabolism; Ovariectomy; Progesterone / blood; Progesterone / pharmacology; Receptors, Gonadotropin / drug effects; Swine; Uterine Contraction / drug effects
TL;DR: Results indicate that oestradiol promotes the synthesis of LH/hCG receptors in pig myometrium and incubation of oestrogen-primed tissue with hCG has a quiescent effect on myometrial contractility. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1991 magazine article

Effects of semen extender on fertility

Swine News, 14(7).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 journal article

Episodic secretion of gonadotrophins and ovarian steroids in jugular and utero-ovarian vein plasma during the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle in gilts

Reproduction, 91(1), 101–112.

By: B. Flowers*, T. Cantley, M. Martin & B. Day

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Estrus synchronization update for swine

Swine News, 14(6).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Evaluation of libido (sex drive

Swine News, 14(2).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 journal article

Impairment of follicular development by intra-ovarian infusion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antiserum in prepubertal pigs

Reproduction, 93(2), 393–398.

By: M. Patton n, K. Esbenshade n & W. Flowers n

MeSH headings : Animals; Female; Follicular Atresia / drug effects; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / immunology; Immune Sera; Organ Size / drug effects; Ovarian Follicle / drug effects; Ovarian Follicle / physiology; Ovary / drug effects; Sexual Maturation / physiology; Swine / physiology
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that a peptide binding to the GnRH antibodies is involved directly in ovarian follicular development and increased the incidence of atresia in follicles with greater than 4 layers of granulosa cells compared with the other treatment groups. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1991 report

Information Guide for Extension Agents with Livestock Responsibilities

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Insemination volume and total spermatozoa for A.I. matings

Swine News, 14(9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 conference paper

Non-traditional uses of artificial insemination in swine breeding management

Proceedings, 35th Annual Meeting, North Carolina Pork Producers’ Association, 41–48.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Sexual behavior tests

Swine News, 14(2).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Stimulation of estrus in first parity sows

Swine News, 14(10).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 report

Swine A.I. - Present and Future

(N.C. Pork Report No. 4; pp. 8, 24).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

The human side of breeding management

Swine News, 14(3).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Undergraduate teaching programs in swine production and management

Swine News, 14(5).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1991 magazine article

Vitamins and Reproductive Performance

Swine News, 14(4).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 journal article

Alterations in Gonadotropin Secretion and Ovarian Function in Prepubertal Gilts by Elevated Environmental Temperature

Biology of Reproduction, 42(3), 465–471.

By: B. Flowers* & B. Day*

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 27, 2024

1990 conference paper

Breeding Strategies for Replacement Gilts

Proceedings, Northern Peidmont Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Economic forecast by NPPC advisor

Swine News, 13(10).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Evaluating carcass merit

Swine News, 13(4).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 conference paper

Gilt Development

Proceedings North Central Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Gilt development programs

Swine News, 13(11).

By: W. Flowers & J. Parker

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

How do new animal pharmaceuticals become approved?

Swine News, 13(9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Natural service versus artificial insemination

Swine News, 13(8).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

One boar or more

Swine News, 13(4).

By: J. Parker & W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 report

P.G. 600 and the Induction of Estrus in Gilts

(N.C. Pork Report No. 4; pp. 8–9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

PG600 receives federal approval

Swine News, 13(1).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Pigtales performance comparisons

Swine News, 13(9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 conference paper

Procedures for Troubleshooting Production Problems in Breeding and Gestation

Swine In-Service Training Session.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Selenium and reproduction

Swine News, 13(5).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Semen characteristics of Duroc and Chinese boars

Swine News, 13(9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Stimulation of puberty vs. heat detection

Swine News, 13(7).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 conference paper

Swine Artificial Insemination

Proceedings, Northwest Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Swine production in N.C

Swine News, 13(3).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1990 magazine article

Swine production in N.C. in 1995

Swine News, 13(10).

By: W. Flowers & J. Jones

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 23, 2024

1990 magazine article

Thirty years of production

Swine News, 13(1).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 27, 2024

1989 report

1989 North Carolina Swine Situation and Extension Programs Review

By: M. Coffey, W. Flowers, J. Jones, J. Parker, W. Schoenherr, C. Stanislaw, R. Swain

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 magazine article

Age and weight at breeding for gilts

Swine News, 12(3).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 magazine article

Age at breeding for gilts: production considerations

Swine News, 12(2).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 magazine article

Artificial insemination and disease transmission

Swine News, 12(9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 conference paper

Changing Costs of Production through Reproductive Management

Swine In-Service Training.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 magazine article

Determining heat stress during puberty in gilts

Swine News, 12(4).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 journal article

Effect of Elevated Ambient Temperatures on Puberty in Gilts

Journal of Animal Science, 67(3), 779.

By: B. Flowers*, T. Cantley*, M. Martin* & B. Day*

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
6. Clean Water and Sanitation (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 28, 2024

1989 journal article

Endocrine Changes Associated with a Dietary-Induced Increase in Ovulation Rate (Flushing) in Gilts

Journal of Animal Science, 67(3), 771.

By: B. Flowers*, M. Martin*, T. Cantley* & B. Day*

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 28, 2024

1989 magazine article

Induction of puberty in gilts

Swine News, 12(3).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 magazine article

NCPPA supports swine research

Swine News, 12(6).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 conference paper

New NCSU Swine Educational Unit Student Housing and Internship Program

Proceedings, 33rd Annual Meeting, North Carolina Pork Producers’ Association, 61–65.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 conference paper

Opportunities for controlling reproduction

Proceedings, 33rd Annual Meeting, North Carolina Pork Producers’ Association, 43–50.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 conference paper

Potential Applications of Biotechnology

Proceedings, Northern Peidmont Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 conference paper

Proper Feeding and Development of Gilts

Proceedings, Northeast Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 magazine article

Recent advances in A.I

Swine News, 12(5).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 report

Relationship between adjusted 21-day litter weights and subsequent reproductive performance in first, second and third parity sows

(ANS Report No. 244; pp. 76–78).

By: W. Flowers & C. Stanislaw

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 magazine article

Sex ratio of litters at birth and subsequent reproduction

Swine News, 12(7).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 journal article

Sow parity and productivity

Swine News, 12(6).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 conference paper

Targeting" and Troubleshooting Production

Proceedings, Kinston Regional Swine Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1989 journal article

The effect of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin on follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol secretion in the prepuberal gilt

Animal Reproduction Science, 21(2), 93–100.

By: B. Flowers*, M. Martin*, T. Cantley* & B. Day*

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 28, 2024

1989 magazine article

Vaccination for increasing appetite

Swine News, 12(9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 conference paper

Causes and Economics of Sow Turnover Rates

Proceedings, Northern Piedmont Regional Swine Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 conference paper

Identification of Areas that Limit Reproductive Efficiency

Swine In-Service Training Session.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 magazine article

Lactational demands and reproductive performance

Swine News, 11(10).

By: W. Flowers & C. Stanislaw

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 report

Managing the Swine Breeding Herd

(Technical Report No. 10). InterVet America, Inc.

By: W. Flowers & B. Day

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 magazine article

Price fluctuations and profitability

Swine News, 11(9).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 conference paper

Sow Turnover Rates

Proeedings,. North Central Regional Swine Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 magazine article

Supplemental vitamins and reproduction

Swine News, 11(8).

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1988 conference paper

The Second Parity Problem

Proceedings Northeast Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1987 journal article

A Comparison of Effects of Zearalenone and Estradiol Benzoate on Reproductive Function during the Estrous Cycle in Gilts

Journal of Animal Science, 65(6), 1576–1584.

By: B. Flowers*, T. Cantley* & B. Day*

UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (OpenAlex)
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 28, 2024

1987 conference paper

Boar Management for Maximum Litter Size

Proceedings, Northern Piedmont Regional Pork Conference.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: December 15, 2024

1985 journal article

Parturition control in sows with a prostaglandin analogue (alfaprostol)

Theriogenology, 24(1), 13–19.

By: M. Martin*, T. Meisinger*, W. Flowers*, T. Cantley* & B. Day*

Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: October 28, 2024

report

Synchronization of estrus in sows and gilts. Pork Information Gateway Fact Sheet

Flowers, W. L. National Pork Board.

By: W. Flowers

Source: NC State University Libraries
Added: November 9, 2024

Employment

Updated: January 22nd, 2020 11:53

1998 - present

North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, US
William Neal Reynolds and Alumni Distinguished Professor Animal Science

1993 - 1998

North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, US
Associate Professor Animal Science

1987 - 1993

North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, US
Assistant Professor Animal Science

Education

Updated: January 22nd, 2020 10:43

1985 - 1987

University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri, US
Ph.D. Animal Sciences

1982 - 1984

University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri, US
M.S. Animal Sciences

1978 - 1982

Virginia Tech Blacksburg, Virginia, US
B.S. Animal Science

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