Chris Frey

Also known as: Henry C. Frey, H.C. Frey

variability, uncertainty, emissions, air pollution, air quality, exposure, risk, transportation, vehicle, energy, power generation

Dr. Frey's interests are broadly in energy and environmental systems, including: modeling and evaluation of advanced energy conversion (e.g.,combustion, gasification) and environmental control systems; measurement and modeling of real-world fuel use and emissions of onroad and nonroad vehicles; development and application of methods for quantification of variability and uncertainty and for sensitivity analysis in systems models; and exposure and risk analysis

Works (158)

Updated: April 7th, 2025 07:49

2024 journal article

Challenges and opportunities for research supporting cumulative impact assessments at the United States environmental protection agency's office of research and development

Lancet Regional Health - Americas, 30.

By: N. Tulve*, A. Geller*, S. Hagerthey*, S. Julius*, E. Lavoie*, S. Mazur*, S. Paul*, H. Frey*

Contributors: N. Tulve*, A. Geller*, S. Hagerthey*, S. Julius*, E. Lavoie*, S. Mazur*, S. Paul*, H. Frey*

topics (OpenAlex): Environmental and Social Impact Assessments; Environmental Justice and Health Disparities; Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

2023 journal article

Contribution of Cold Starts to Real-World Trip Emissions for Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles

ATMOSPHERE, 14(1).

author keywords: vehicle; emissions; measurement; exhaust; cold start; air pollution; gasoline
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: December 28, 2022

2023 journal article

Identifying emissions hotspots and strategies to reduce real-world fuel use and emissions for passenger rail: A spatially resolved approach

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 896.

By: N. Rastogi, H. Frey n & T. Wei n

Contributors: N. Rastogi, H. Frey n & T. Wei n

author keywords: Emission hotspots; Locomotive power demand; Passenger train; Spatial variability
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: December 18, 2023

2023 journal article

Redefining exposure science to advance research supporting cumulative impacts, environmental justice, and decision-making

Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 33(6), 843–845.

By: N. Tulve*, A. Guiseppi-Elie*, A. Geller*, C. Ward-Caviness*, S. Paul*, E. Lavoie*, L. Rivers*, H. Frey*

Contributors: N. Tulve*, A. Guiseppi-Elie*, A. Geller*, C. Ward-Caviness*, S. Paul*, E. Lavoie*, L. Rivers*, H. Frey*

topics (OpenAlex): Environmental Justice and Health Disparities; Climate Change and Health Impacts; Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

2023 journal article

Simple Diesel Train Fuel Consumption Model for Real-Time Train Applications

ENERGIES, 16(8).

author keywords: diesel train; energy consumption model; train simulation
topics (OpenAlex): Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Vehicle emissions and performance
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: April 21, 2023

2022 journal article

Fuel use and emission rates reduction potential for light-duty gasoline vehicle eco-driving

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 109.

By: W. Yuan*, C. Frey n & T. Wei n

Contributors: W. Yuan*, H. Frey n & T. Wei n

author keywords: Driving strategy; Fuel consumption; Air pollution; Tailpipe exhaust; Emission hotspot; Autonomous vehicle
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 15, 2022

2022 journal article

Intermodal comparison of tailpipe emission rates between transit buses and private vehicles for on-road passenger transport

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 281.

Contributors: T. Wei n & H. Frey n

author keywords: Transit bus; Private vehicle; Emissions; Passenger load; Carbon dioxide
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: June 20, 2022

2022 article

Microenvironment Tracker (MicroTrac) model to estimate time-location of individuals for air pollution exposure assessments: model evaluation using smartphone data

Breen, M. S. S., Xu, Y., Frey, H. C., Breen, M., & Isakov, V. (2022, December 16). JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vol. 12.

author keywords: Smartphone; GPS; Microenvironment; exposure assessment; Air pollution
MeSH headings : Humans; Smartphone; Air Pollution / analysis; Air Pollutants / analysis; Time; Environmental Pollutants; Environmental Exposure / analysis; Environmental Monitoring / methods
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Urban Transport and Accessibility
TL;DR: This study demonstrates the extended capability of using ubiquitous smartphone data with MicroTrac to help reduce time-location uncertainty in air pollution exposure models for epidemiologic and exposure field studies. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: January 9, 2023

2021 journal article

Characterizing Fuel Use and Emission Hotspots for a Diesel-Operated Passenger Rail Service

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 55(15), 10633–10644.

Contributors: N. Rastogi n & H. Frey n

author keywords: passenger train emissions; emission hotspots; spatial variability; hotspot location
MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Gasoline / analysis; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Air Quality and Health Impacts
TL;DR: The method demonstrated here can be applied to other passenger train services to assess key trends in hotspot locations and factors that explain the occurrence of hotspots and identify factors differentiating hotspots from non-hotspots. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: July 17, 2021

2021 journal article

Combined effects of increased O-3 and reduced NO2 concentrations on short-term air pollution health risks in Hong Kong

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, 270.

By: M. Hossain n, H. Frey n, P. Louie* & A. Lau*

Contributors: M. Hossain n, H. Frey n, P. Louie* & A. Lau*

author keywords: Nitrogen dioxide; Ozone; Short-term health risk; Health risk tradeoffs; Control measures
MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Air Pollution / analysis; Hong Kong; Nitrogen Dioxide / analysis; Ozone / analysis; Particulate Matter / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: The results show that the emission control measures resulting in NO2, SO2, and PM reductions over the past decade have effectively reduced the AR over Hong Kong, even though these control measures may have partially contributed to an increase in O3 concentrations. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: February 15, 2021

2021 journal article

Factors affecting variability in gaseous and particle microenvironmental air pollutant concentrations in Hong Kong primary and secondary schools

INDOOR AIR, 31(1), 170–187.

Contributors: W. Che*, A. Li*, H. Frey n, K. Tang*, L. Sun*, P. Wei*, M. Hossain*, T. Hohenberger*, K. Leung*, A. Lau*

author keywords: fine particulate matter (PM2.5; indoor air quality; nitrogen dioxide (NO2); ozone (O-3); respirable particulate matter (PM10); school exposure
MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Air Pollution, Indoor / statistics & numerical data; Child; Environmental Monitoring; Gases; Humans; Schools
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
TL;DR: Infiltration factors derived from linear regression models provide useful information on outdoor infiltration and help address the gap in generalizable parameter values that can be used to predict school microenvironmental concentrations. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science
Added: September 21, 2020

2021 journal article

Factors affecting variability in infiltration of ambient particle and gaseous pollutants into home at urban environment

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT, 206.

author keywords: PM2.5; NO2; O-3; Infiltration factors; Predictors; Home
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Noise Effects and Management
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: September 15, 2021

2021 journal article

Multi-scale evaluation of diesel commuter rail fuel use, emissions, and eco-driving

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 99.

By: W. Yuan n & H. Frey n

Contributors: W. Yuan n & H. Frey n

author keywords: Public transport; Diesel locomotive; Energy; Air pollution; Emission hotspot
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: October 12, 2021

2021 journal article

Real-world activity, fuel use, and emissions of heavy-duty compressed natural gas refuse trucks

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 761.

Contributors: G. Sandhu, H. Frey n, S. Bartelt-Hunt* & E. Jones*

author keywords: Compressed natural gas; Refuse truck; Heavy-duty vehicles; PEMS; Tailpipe emissions; MOVES
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
TL;DR: Results from this study can be used to improve solid waste life cycle and tailpipe emission factor models and, when combined with previous studies on diesel refuse trucks, evaluate the effect on fuel use and emissions from adoption of CNG refuse trucks. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: February 15, 2021

2021 article

Sensitivity of light duty vehicle tailpipe emission rates from simplified portable emission measurement systems to variation in engine volumetric efficiency

Wei, T., & Frey, H. C. (2021, June 10). JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, Vol. 6.

Contributors: T. Wei n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Gasoline / analysis; Motor Vehicles; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
TL;DR: Methods demonstrated here for estimating VE enable accurate quantification of emission rates, thereby enabling use of these PEMS for policy-relevant applications such as technology assessments, trends analysis, and emissions inventories. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: May 6, 2021

2020 journal article

Evaluation of the Precision and Accuracy of Cycle-Average Light Duty Gasoline Vehicles Tailpipe Emission Rates Predicted by Modal Models

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2674(7), 566–584.

Contributors: T. Wei n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: July 20, 2020

2020 journal article

Factors affecting variability in fossil-fueled transit bus emission rates

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 233.

Contributors: T. Wei n & H. Frey n

author keywords: Transit bus; Exhaust emissions; Bus size; Passenger load
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: June 29, 2020

2020 journal article

Geospatial Variation of Real-World Tailpipe Emission Rates for Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles

Environmental Science & Technology, 54(14), 8968–8979.

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Carbon Dioxide / analysis; Carbon Monoxide; Environmental Monitoring; Gasoline / analysis; Motor Vehicles; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
TL;DR: Spatial variability in real-world on-road tailpipe light duty gasoline vehicle nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide emission rates, the locations of emissions hotspots, and factors that explain spatial variability are quantified. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: ORCID
Added: July 9, 2020

2020 journal article

PRAISE -HK: A personalized real-time air quality informatics system for citizen participation in exposure and health risk management

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY, 54.

By: W. Che*, H. Frey n, J. Fung*, Z. Ning*, H. Qu*, H. Lo*, L. Chen*, T. Wong* ...

Contributors: W. Che*, H. Frey n, J. Fung*, Z. Ning*, H. Qu*, H. Lo*, L. Chen*, T. Wong* ...

author keywords: Air pollution; Personalized exposure; Individual health sensitivity; Citizen engagement
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Impact of Light on Environment and Health
TL;DR: A system that empowers the public with personalized information on air quality and exposure health risk, and is an example of the use of collective intelligence in a smart city to engage citizens in learning about and managing their own exposure to air pollution. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: July 20, 2020

2020 journal article

Potential for metro rail energy savings and emissions reduction via eco-driving

APPLIED ENERGY, 268.

By: W. Yuan n & H. Frey n

Contributors: W. Yuan n & H. Frey n

author keywords: Public transport; Automatic train operation; Energy efficiency; Eco-driving; Electricity; Markov chain
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: June 22, 2020

2020 journal article

Quantification of Sources of Variability of Air Pollutant Exposure Concentrations Among Selected Transportation Microenvironments

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2674(9), 395–411.

By: H. Frey n, D. Gadre, S. Singh & P. Kumar*

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: July 27, 2020

2020 journal article

The need for a tighter particulate-matter air-quality standard

New England Journal of Medicine, 383(7), 680–683.

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

2020 journal article

Variability in Measured Real-World Operational Energy Use and Emission Rates of a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Energies.

By: H. Frey n, X. Zheng n & J. Hu n

Contributors: H. Frey n, X. Zheng n & J. Hu n

author keywords: light duty gasoline vehicle; portable emission measurement system; carbon dioxide emissions; carbon monoxide emissions; nitrogen oxides emissions; hydrocarbon emissions; cold start
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
Source: ORCID
Added: March 5, 2020

2019 journal article

Air Pollution at College Football Games: Developing a Methodology for Measuring Air Pollutant Exposure in a Sport Event Microenvironment

Event Management, 23(3), 399–412.

By: K. Bunds*, J. Casper*, H. Frey & M. Barrett

Contributors: K. Bunds*, J. Casper*, H. Frey & M. Barrett

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Sport and Mega-Event Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: ORCID, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: April 8, 2023

2019 journal article

Comparison of real-world vehicle fuel use and tailpipe emissions for gasoline-ethanol fuel blends

FUEL, 249, 352–364.

By: W. Yuan n, H. Frey n, T. Wei n, N. Rastogi n, S. VanderGriend*, D. Miller*, L. Mattison*

Contributors: W. Yuan n, H. Frey n, T. Wei n, N. Rastogi n, S. VanderGriend*, D. Miller*, L. Mattison*

author keywords: Ethanol; Octane; Real-world driving; Portable emission measurement system; Exhaust emissions
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Air Quality and Health Impacts
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: May 6, 2019

2019 journal article

Effect of Air-Conditioning on Light Duty Gasoline Vehicles Fuel Economy

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2673(5), 131–141.

By: T. Khan n & H. Frey n

Contributors: T. Khan n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: July 15, 2019

2019 journal article

Indoor Exposure to Ambient Particles and Its Estimation Using Fixed Site Monitors

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 53(2), 808–819.

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants; Air Pollution, Indoor; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Monitoring; Hong Kong; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Seasons
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Noise Effects and Management
TL;DR: The methodology demonstrated to assess concordance between FSMs and exposure measurement sites can be applied more broadly to help reduce exposure error, which may help to interpret seasonal variations in health estimates. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 11, 2019

2019 journal article

Quantification of Energy Saving Potential for A Passenger Train Based on Inter-Run Variability in Speed Trajectories

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2673(5), 153–165.

Contributors: W. Yuan n, H. Frey n & N. Rastogi n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency; Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency
TL;DR: Empirical fuel use data from a portable measurement emission measurement system and empirical speed trajectories measured using a global positioning system receiver were used to verify and quantify real-world energy consumption variability and the variability in empiricalspeed trajectories. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: July 15, 2019

2018 journal article

A review of factors impacting exposure to PM2.5, ultrafine particles and black carbon in Asian transport microenvironments

Atmospheric Environment, 187, 301–316.

author keywords: Air pollution; Exposure; Asian cities; Transport microenvironments; Airborne ultrafine particles; Black carbon; PM2.5
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: February 5, 2020

2018 journal article

Comparison of real-world and certification emission rates for light duty gasoline vehicles

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 622, 790–800.

By: T. Khan n & H. Frey n

Contributors: T. Khan n & H. Frey n

author keywords: Certification tests; Emission standards; PEMS; Chassis dynamometer; Driving cycles; Cold start emissions
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
TL;DR: A systematic comparison of the real-world emission rates of U.S. light duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) versus CL, and emission standards has not been previously reported, and comparisons of CAERs and standards are sensitive to cold start emissions. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2018 journal article

Dynamics of coarse and fine particle exposure in transport microenvironments

NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE, 1(1).

By: P. Kumar*, I. Rivas*, A. Singh*, V. Ganesh*, M. Ananya* & H. Frey n

Contributors: P. Kumar*, I. Rivas*, A. Singh*, V. Ganesh*, M. Ananya* & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: June 4, 2019

2018 journal article

Effect of Light Duty Vehicle Performance on a Driving Style Metric

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2672(25), 67–78.

Contributors: S. Tanvir n, H. Frey n & N. Rouphail n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Traffic control and management
TL;DR: Findings from this study imply that the choice of vehicle does not significantly alter the natural driving style of a driver, and develops a metric for driving style termed “envelope deviation,” which is a distribution of gaps between microscale activity (1 Hz) and fleet average envelope. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: May 28, 2019

2018 journal article

Factors affecting variability in PM 2.5 exposure concentrations in a metro system

Environmental Research, 160, 20–26.

author keywords: PM2.5; Underground metro; Above-ground metro; Train in-cabin; Station platform; Hong; Kong
MeSH headings : Particulate Matter / analysis; Transportation Facilities / statistics & numerical data
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Noise Effects and Management
TL;DR: The results help more accurately quantify commuting PM2.5 exposure on a metro system, and can be used to improve population‐based exposure simulation models. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Crossref, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: February 5, 2020

2018 journal article

Real-world fuel use and gaseous emission rates for flex fuel vehicles operated on E85 versus gasoline

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 68(3), 235–254.

By: M. Delavarrafiee n & H. Frey n

Contributors: M. Delavarrafiee n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Air Pollution; Carbon Monoxide / analysis; Ethanol; Gasoline; Hydrocarbons / analysis; Motor Vehicles; Nitric Oxide / analysis; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Ozone / analysis; Renewable Energy; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
TL;DR: E85 leads to significant reductions in tailpipe nitrogen oxide (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission rates compared with gasoline, indicating a potential benefit for ozone air quality management in NOx-limited areas. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2018 journal article

Trends in on-road transportation, energy, and emissions

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 68(10), 1015–1024.

By: S. Altshuler*, A. Ayala*, S. Collet*, J. Chow*, H. Frey n, R. Shaikh*, E. Stevenson*, M. Walsh, J. Watson*

Contributors: S. Altshuler*, A. Ayala*, S. Collet*, J. Chow*, H. Frey n, R. Shaikh*, E. Stevenson*, M. Walsh, J. Watson*

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Air Quality and Health Impacts
TL;DR: Air Quality Consultant, Danville, CA, USA; Air Pollution Control Officer and Executive Director, Sacramento Metropolitan Air Quality Management District, Sacramento, California, USA ; Executive Engineer, Toyota Motor North America, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: October 16, 2018

2018 review

Trends in onroad transportation energy and emissions

[Review of ]. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 68(6), 514–563.

Contributors: H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
TL;DR: Fossil fuels are likely to continue to be the major source of on-road vehicle energy consumption and fuel economy and emission standards are generally effective in achieving reductions per unit of vehicle activity, however, the number of vehicles and miles traveled will increase. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 journal article

Characterization of PM2.5 exposure concentration in transport microenvironments using portable monitors

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, 228, 433–442.

author keywords: Portable monitors; PM2.5; Transport microenvironments; Minimum sample size; Hong Kong
MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Air Pollution / analysis; Air Pollution, Indoor / analysis; Carbon Monoxide; Environmental Monitoring / instrumentation; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Hong Kong; Particle Size; Particulate Matter / analysis; Seasons; Ventilation
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: A feasible protocol on the calibration and application of portable monitors in TME air quality measurement is provided and a method for estimating minimum sample size is developed. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2017 journal article

Real-World Freeway and Ramp Activity and Emissions for Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2627(2627), 17–25.

By: H. Frey n, M. Delavarrafiee n & S. Singh n

Contributors: H. Frey n, M. Delavarrafiee n & S. Singh n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Comparison of Vehicle-Specific Fuel Use and Emissions Models Based on Externally and Internally Observable Activity Data

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2570(2570), 30–38.

By: J. Hu n, H. Frey & S. Washburn*

Contributors: J. Hu n, H. Frey & S. Washburn*

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 article

Dose-Response Models are Conditional on Determination of Causality

Frey, H. C. (2016, September). RISK ANALYSIS, Vol. 36, pp. 1751–1754.

By: H. Frey

Contributors: H. Frey

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
TL;DR: Causality is a key underlying issue in this special collection of articles regarding uncertainties in health risk estimates for “criteria” air pollutants in the United States and estimates of human health benefits of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Effect of Biodiesel Fuels on Real-World Emissions of Passenger Locomotives

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 50(21), 12030–12039.

Contributors: B. Graver n, H. Frey n & J. Hu n

MeSH headings : Biofuels; Gasoline; Nitrogen Oxides; Particulate Matter; Vehicle Emissions
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Biodiesel Production and Applications; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
TL;DR: The results indicate substantial potential to reduce in-use locomotive emissions for existing older locomotives, with the exception of NOx. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Evaluation of Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicle Rated Fuel Economy Based on In-Use Measurements

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2570(2570), 21–29.

By: T. Khan n & H. Frey n

Contributors: T. Khan n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Highway Vehicle Emissions Avoided by Diesel Passenger Rail Service Based on Real-World Data

Urban Rail Transit, 2(3-4), 153–171.

By: B. Graver n & H. Frey n

Contributors: B. Graver n & H. Frey n

author keywords: Intercity rail; Energy intensity; Emissions; Carbon dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Particulate matter
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

2016 journal article

Real-world activity, fuel use, and emissions of diesel side-loader refuse trucks

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 129, 98–104.

author keywords: Diesel; Truck; Duty cycle; Exhaust emissions; Measurement; Nitrogen oxides; Particulate matter; Emission rates; Engine; MOVES; Weight
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2016 journal article

Sequential Measurement of Intermodal Variability in Public Transportation PM2.5 and CO Exposure Concentrations

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 50(16), 8760–8769.

By: W. Che, H. Frey n & A. Lau

Contributors: W. Che, H. Frey n & A. Lau

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Monitoring; Hong Kong; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Transportation
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: Measured inter-run variability provides insight regarding the sample size needed to discriminate between microenvironments with increased statistical significance and policy-relevant insights for exposure mitigation and management in Hong Kong. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Comparison of Over-the-Rail and Rail Yard Measurements of Diesel Locomotives

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 49(21), 13031–13039.

Contributors: B. Graver n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Gasoline / analysis; Transportation; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: Measurements of one-way trips between Raleigh and Charlotte, NC, on 7 locomotives and 18 sets of measurements in the rail yard showed real-world duty cycles differed from those used for regulatory analyses, leading to statistically significant lower cycle average NOx and HC emission rates. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Comparison of Sources of Variability in School Age Children Exposure to Ambient PM2.5

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 49(3), 1511–1520.

MeSH headings : Adolescent; Air Pollutants / analysis; Child; Environmental Exposure / analysis; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Particulate Matter / analysis; Seasons; United States
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Climate Change and Health Impacts; Energy and Environment Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

In-use activity, fuel use, and emissions of heavy-duty diesel roll-off refuse trucks

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 65(3), 306–323.

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / chemistry; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Gasoline; Motor Vehicles; Refuse Disposal; Time Factors; Vehicle Emissions
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: The objectives of this study were to quantify real-world activity, fuel use, and emissions for heavy duty diesel roll-off refuse trucks; evaluate the contribution of duty cycles and emissions controls to variability in cycle average fuel use and emission rates; and compare empirical cycle average emission rates with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s MOVES emission factor model predictions. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Integrating a simplified emission estimation model and mesoscopic dynamic traffic simulator to efficiently evaluate emission impacts of traffic management strategies

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 37, 123–136.

By: X. Zhou*, S. Tanvir n, H. Lei*, J. Taylor*, B. Liu n, N. Rouphail n, H. Frey n

Contributors: X. Zhou*, S. Tanvir n, H. Lei*, J. Taylor*, B. Liu n, N. Rouphail n, H. Frey n

author keywords: Emission estimation; Dynamic traffic assignment; Integrated traffic emission model; Cross-resolution model
topics (OpenAlex): Traffic control and management; Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: A computationally efficient and theoretically rigorous dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model and its solution algorithm for a number of emerging emissions and fuel consumption related applications that require both effective microscopic and macroscopic traffic stream representations. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Measurement and Evaluation of Real-World Speed and Acceleration Activity Envelopes for Light-Duty Vehicles

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, 2503(2503), 128–136.

Contributors: B. Liu n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Simplified method for comparing emissions in roundabouts and at signalized intersections

Transportation Research Record, 2517(2517), 48–60.

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: This method was built on a large sample size of real-world second-by-second vehicle trajectories, traffic volumes, and other traffic characteristics collected at signalized intersections and roundabouts in six U.S. states, and showed that during oversaturation periods, the amount of produced emissions increased steadily in roundabouts but increased a large amount at signals. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: ORCID, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2015 journal article

Variability in Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicle Emission Factors from Trip-Based Real-World Measurements

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 49(20), 12525–12534.

Contributors: B. Liu n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Automobile Driving; Carbon Dioxide / analysis; Electricity; Gasoline; Models, Theoretical; Motor Vehicles / standards; Nitric Oxide / analysis; North Carolina; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Application of AIMSUN microsimulation model to estimate emissions on signalized arterial corridors

Transportation Research Record, 2428(2428), 75–86.

Contributors: A. Anya*, N. Rouphail*, H. Frey n & B. Schroeder n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Assessment of the Effect of Population and Diary Sampling Methods on Estimation of School-Age Children Exposure to Fine Particles

RISK ANALYSIS, 34(12), 2066–2079.

author keywords: Children; exposure; microenvironment; modeling; particulate matter; variability
MeSH headings : Child; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Markov Chains; North Carolina; Particulate Matter
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: Exposure simulation results are robust to the two population sampling methods evaluated, and are sensitive to the choice of method for simulating longitudinal diaries, particularly when analyzing results for specific microenvironments or for exposures exceeding a benchmark of concern. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Comparison of Fine Particulate Matter and Carbon Monoxide Exposure Concentrations for Selected Transportation Modes

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2428), 54–62.

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

In-use measurement of the activity, fuel use, and emissions of front-loader refuse trucks

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 92, 557–565.

author keywords: Diesel refuse truck; Duty cycle; Exhaust emissions; Nitrogen oxides; Particulate matter; MOVES
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
14. Life Below Water (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Method for Modeling Driving Cycles, Fuel Use, and Emissions for Over Snow Vehicles

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 48(14), 8258–8265.

By: J. Hu n, H. Frey n, G. Sandhu n, B. Graver n, G. Bishop*, B. Schuchmann*, J. Ray*

Contributors: J. Hu n, H. Frey n, G. Sandhu n, B. Graver n, G. Bishop*, B. Schuchmann*, J. Ray*

MeSH headings : Carbon Monoxide / analysis; Gasoline; Kinetics; Linear Models; Models, Theoretical; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Off-Road Motor Vehicles; Particulate Matter / analysis; Snow; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Aerodynamics and Fluid Dynamics Research
TL;DR: As input to a winter use plan, activity, fuel use, and tailpipe exhaust emissions of over snow vehicles (OSV), including five snow coaches and one snowmobile, were measured on a designated route in Yellowstone National Park and recommendations are made regarding how real-world OSV activity, Fuel use and emissions data can be improved. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2014 journal article

Road grade quantification based on global positioning system data obtained from real-world vehicle fuel use and emissions measurements

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 85, 179–186.

author keywords: Vehicle; Emissions; Road grade; GPS; Vehicle specific power
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Traffic and Road Safety; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Comparing exposure metrics for the effects of fine particulate matter on emergency hospital admissions

JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 23(6), 627–636.

Contributors: E. Mannshardt n, K. Sucic n, W. Jiao n, F. Dominici*, H. Frey n, B. Reich n, M. Fuentes n

author keywords: ambient monitoring data; CMAQ; SHEDS; PM2.5
MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / toxicity; Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Particulate Matter; Patient Admission
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Climate Change and Health Impacts; Energy and Environment Impacts
TL;DR: This paper investigates the sensitivity of the health effects estimates associated with short-term exposure to fine particulate matter with respect to three potential metrics for daily exposure: ambient monitor data, estimated values from a deterministic atmospheric chemistry model, and stochastic daily average human exposure simulation output. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Comparison of Locomotive Emissions Measured During Dynamometer Versus Rail Yard Engine Load Tests

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2341), 23–33.

Contributors: B. Graver n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Environmental Policies and Emissions
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Effects of errors on vehicle emission rates from portable emissions measurement systems

Transportation Research Record, (2340), 10–19.

Contributors: G. Sandhu n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Emissions estimation at multilane roundabouts

Transportation Research Record, (2389), 12–21.

Contributors: K. Salamati n, M. Coelho*, P. Fernandes*, N. Rouphail n, H. Frey n & J. Bandeira*

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

2013 journal article

Engine and Duty Cycle Variability in Diesel Construction Equipment Emissions

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, 139(2), 261–268.

By: S. Abolhasani & H. Frey n

Contributors: S. Abolhasani

author keywords: Diesel engines; Air pollution; Emissions; Construction equipment; Pollutants; Fuel use; Greenhouse gas
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Method for Measuring the Ratio of In-Vehicle to Near-Vehicle Exposure Concentrations of Airborne Fine Particles

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2341), 34–42.

Contributors: W. Jiao n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Traffic and Road Safety
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2013 journal article

Road Grade Measurement Using In-Vehicle, Stand-Alone GPS with Barometric Altimeter

JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-ASCE, 139(6), 605–611.

author keywords: Vehicle; Emissions; Highway; Road grade; Engine load; Speed; Acceleration; Vertical curvature; Distance; Global positioning system (GPS)
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques; Traffic and Road Safety
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Assessment of Inter-Individual, Geographic, and Seasonal Variability in Estimated Human Exposure to Fine Particles

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 46(22), 12519–12526.

Contributors: W. Jiao n

MeSH headings : Aged; Air Pollutants / analysis; Cities; Computer Simulation; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Female; Humans; Inhalation Exposure; Male; Models, Theoretical; New York City; North Carolina; Particle Size; Particulate Matter / analysis; Seasons; Texas
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Noise Effects and Management; Climate Change and Health Impacts
TL;DR: Variability in E(a)/C is a key factor that may help explain heterogeneity in C-R functions across cities and seasons, as a result of regional differences in housing stock and seasonal differences in air exchange rates. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Effects of Engine Idling on National Ambient Air Quality Standards Criteria Pollutant Emissions from Nonroad Diesel Construction Equipment

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2270), 67–75.

By: P. Lewis*, W. Rasdorf n, H. Frey n & M. Leming n

Contributors: P. Lewis*, W. Rasdorf n, H. Frey n & M. Leming n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Traffic and Road Safety
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Evaluation of On-Site Fuel Use and Emissions over the Duration of a Commercial Building Project

JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS, 18(2), 119–129.

By: W. Rasdorf n, P. Lewis*, S. Marshall n, I. Arocho n & H. Frey n

Contributors: W. Rasdorf n

author keywords: Air pollution; Construction equipment; Engines; Emissions; Resource allocation; Pollutants; Project management; Fuel consumption; Commercial buildings
topics (OpenAlex): Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring; Vehicle emissions and performance; Occupational Health and Safety Research
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Evaluation of representativeness of site-specific fuel-based vehicle emission factors for route average emissions

Environmental Science and Technology, 46(12), 6867–6873.

Contributors: T. Lee*

MeSH headings : Motor Vehicles; Vehicle Emissions
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Air Quality and Health Impacts
TL;DR: An approach to evaluate the representativeness of site-specific fuel-based vehicle emission factors, such as would be obtained using Remote Sensing Devices (RSDs), is demonstrated based on real-world data for 23 selected light duty gasoline vehicles. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

2012 journal article

Methodology for Estimating Emissions Inventories for Commercial Building Projects

Journal of Architectural Engineering, 18(3), 251–260.

By: S. Marshall n, W. Rasdorf n, P. Lewis* & H. Frey n

Contributors: S. Marshall n

author keywords: Air pollution; Green construction; Green buildings; Construction equipment; Diesel engines; Emissions; Greenhouse gases; Emissions inventories; Pollutants; Sustainability
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Environmental Impact and Sustainability
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: ORCID, Crossref
Added: April 26, 2019

2012 journal article

Modeling of Human Exposure to In-Vehicle PM2.5 from Environmental Tobacco Smoke

HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT, 18(3), 608–626.

By: Y. Cao n & H. Frey

Contributors: Y. Cao n & H. Frey

author keywords: tobacco smoke; vehicles; exposure; PM2.5; variability; inhalation
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
TL;DR: Results of probabilistic study indicate that ETS is a key contributor to the in-vehicle average and high-end exposure, and factors that mitigate in- Vehicle ambient PM2.5 exposure lead to higher in-Vehicle ETS exposure,and vice versa. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Portable Emission Measurement System for Emissions of Passenger Rail Locomotives

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2289), 56–63.

Contributors: H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 journal article

Real-world measurement and evaluation of duty cycles, fuels, and emission control technologies of heavy-duty trucks

Transportation Research Record, (2270), 180–187.

Contributors: G. Sandhu n & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Air Quality and Health Impacts
Sources: ORCID, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2012 chapter

Techno-economic analysis of combined cycle systems

In Combined Cycle Systems for Near-Zero Emission Power Generation (pp. 306–328).

By: H. Frey & Y. Zhu

Contributors: H. Frey & Y. Zhu

topics (OpenAlex):
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

2012 journal article

Time series analysis of personal exposure to ambient air pollution and mortality using an exposure simulator

JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 22(5), 483–488.

Contributors: H. Chang*

author keywords: exposure modeling; particulate matter; time series analysis
MeSH headings : Air Pollution / adverse effects; Environmental Exposure / adverse effects; Environmental Exposure / statistics & numerical data; Humans; Markov Chains; Models, Statistical; Mortality; New York City / epidemiology; Particulate Matter / adverse effects; Risk Assessment; Seasons; Stochastic Processes
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
TL;DR: A spatial hierarchical model is used to relate Census tract-level daily ambient concentrations and simulated exposures for a subset of the study period and modeling exposure via a statistical model reduces the computational burden associated with simulating personal exposures considerably. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2011 journal article

Assessing Effects of Operational Efficiency on Pollutant Emissions of Nonroad Diesel Construction Equipment

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2233), 11–18.

By: P. Lewis*, M. Leming n, H. Frey n & W. Rasdorf n

Contributors: P. Lewis*

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2011 journal article

Assessment of Interindividual and Geographic Variability in Human Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in Environmental Tobacco Smoke

Risk Analysis, 31(4), 578–591.

By: Y. Cao & H. Frey

Contributors: Y. Cao

author keywords: Environmental tobacco smoke; exposure; fine particulate matter; modeling; variability
MeSH headings : Algorithms; Environmental Exposure; Geography; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Particle Size; Smoke; Tobacco / chemistry; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Noise Effects and Management; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: A critical assessment was conducted of the methodology and data used in SHEDS‐PM for estimation of indoor exposure to ETS, and a mass‐balance‐based methodology for estimating in‐vehicle ETS PM2.5 concentration is evaluated. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

2011 journal article

Development of a modal emissions model for a hybrid electric vehicle

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 16(6), 444–450.

author keywords: Hybrid electric vehicle; Emissions; Driving cycle; Carbon dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Engine load
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2011 journal article

Geographic differences in inter-individual variability of human exposure to fine particulate matter

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 45(32), 5684–5691.

Contributors: Y. Cao n

author keywords: Exposure; Particulate matter; Variability; Air exchange rate; Penetration factor; Deposition rate
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Climate Change and Health Impacts
TL;DR: Geographic variability in the ratio of exposure to ambient concentration is estimated based on comparison of three modeling domains in different climate zones: (1) New York City; (2) Harris County in Texas, and (3) a six-county domain along the I-40 corridor in North Carolina. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2011 journal article

In-Use Measurement of Activity, Energy Use, and Emissions of a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 45(20), 9044–9051.

Contributors: B. Graver n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Electric Power Supplies; Electricity; Environmental Monitoring; Gasoline; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2011 journal article

Modeling of in-vehicle human exposure to ambient fine particulate matter

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 45(27), 4745–4752.

Contributors: X. Liu n

author keywords: Particulate matter; Vehicles; Exposure; Variability; Sensitivity; Simulation
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
TL;DR: An alternative modeling approach is explored based on estimation of near-road PM(2.5) concentration and an in-vehicle mass balance and recommendations are made for updating exposure models and implementation of the alternative approach. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Comprehensive Field Study of Fuel Use and Emissions of Nonroad Diesel Construction Equipment

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2158), 69–76.

Contributors: H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Estimating Diesel Vehicle Emission Factors at Constant and High Speeds for Short Road Segments

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2158), 19–27.

Contributors: H. Choi n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Estimating In-Vehicle Concentration of and Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Near-Roadway Ambient Air Quality and Variability in Vehicle Operation

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2158), 105–112.

Contributors: X. Liu n

topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
3. Good Health and Well-being (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Field Procedures for Real-World Measurements of Emissions from Diesel Construction Vehicles

JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS, 16(3), 216–225.

By: W. Rasdorf n, C. Frey n, P. Lewis n, K. Kim n, S. Pang n & S. Abolhassani n

Contributors: W. Rasdorf n

author keywords: Air pollution; Construction; Vehicles; Emissions; Life cycles; Pollutants; Sustainable development
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems; Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 chapter

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant design and technology

In Advanced Power Plant Materials, Design and Technology (pp. 54–88).

Contributors: Y. Zhu* & H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies; Catalysts for Methane Reforming; Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

2010 journal article

Method for in-use measurement and evaluation of the activity, fuel use, electricity use, and emissions of a plug-in hybrid diesel-electric school bus

Environmental Science and Technology, 44(9), 3601–3607.

Contributors: H. Choi n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Automobile Driving; Electricity; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Gasoline / analysis; Humans; Motor Vehicles; Transportation; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
TL;DR: The coupled VSP-MAP modeling approach enables assessment of a wide variety of driving conditions and comparisons of vehicles with different propulsion technologies. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2010 journal article

Vehicle-Specific Emissions Modeling Based upon on-Road Measurements

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 44(9), 3594–3600.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Automobile Driving; Automobiles; Computer Simulation; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Particulate Matter; Pressure; Regression Analysis; Transportation; Vehicle Emissions
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
TL;DR: Vehicle-specific microscale fuel use and emissions rate models are developed based upon real-world hot-stabilized tailpipe measurements made using a portable emissions measurement system and are sensitive to episodic events in driving cycles such as high acceleration. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Analysis of coupled model uncertainties in source-to-dose modeling of human exposures to ambient air pollution: A PM2.5 case study

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 43(9), 1641–1649.

By: H. Oezkaynak, H. Frey n, J. Burke* & R. Pinder*

Contributors: H. Özkaynak*, H. Frey n, J. Burke* & R. Pinder*

author keywords: Air quality model; Exposure model; Particulate matter; Variability; Uncertainty
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: This work characterize variability and uncertainty associated with each of the individual concentration, exposure and dose models that are linked, and uses a conceptual framework to quantify and evaluate the implications of coupled model uncertainties. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Assessing methods for comparing emissions from gasoline and diesel light-duty vehicles based on microscale measurements

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 14(2), 91–99.

Contributors: M. Coelho*

author keywords: Diesel vehicles; Emissions; On-board measurements; Vehicle specific power
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Comparison of Flexible Fuel Vehicle and Life-Cycle Fuel Consumption and Emissions of Selected Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases for Ethanol 85 Versus Gasoline

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 59(8), 912–924.

Contributors: H. Zhai n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Bioelectric Energy Sources; Carbon Dioxide / analysis; Ethanol / chemistry; Gasoline / analysis; Models, Theoretical; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Air Quality and Health Impacts
TL;DR: Evaluated differences in fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions of flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs) operated on ethanol 85 (E85) versus gasoline imply that replacing gasoline with E85 reduces CO emissions, may moderately decrease NOx tail pipe emissions, and may increase HC tailpipe emission. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: ORCID, Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Development and Use of Emissions Inventories for Construction Vehicles

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2123), 46–53.

Contributors: P. Lewis n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Traffic control and management
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Effects of Idle Reduction Technologies on Real World Fuel Use and Exhaust Emissions of Idling Long-Haul Trucks

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 43(17), 6875–6881.

By: H. Frey n, P. Kuo n & C. Villa n

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Conservation of Energy Resources; Engineering; Equipment Design; Gasoline / analysis; Motor Vehicles / standards; United States; Vehicle Emissions / analysis; Vehicle Emissions / prevention & control
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure; Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
TL;DR: Field data support more accurate assessments of avoided fuel use and emissions, and recommendations to encourage greater APU utilization by single drivers and to further develop infrastructure for SP are made. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

In-use measurement of the activity, fuel use, and emissions of eight cement mixer trucks operated on each of petroleum diesel and soy-based B20 biodiesel

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 14(8), 585–592.

Contributors: H. Frey n

author keywords: In-use; Emissions; Fuel use; Diesel; B20; Biodiesel; Cement mixer; Duty cycle
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Biodiesel Production and Applications
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Life Cycle Inventory Energy Consumption and Emissions for Biodiesel versus Petroleum Diesel Fueled Construction Vehicles

Environmental Science & Technology, 43(16), 6398–6405.

By: S. Pang n, H. Frey n & W. Rasdorf n

Contributors: S. Pang n

MeSH headings : Bioelectric Energy Sources; Cities; Fossils; Gasoline / analysis; Geography; Motor Vehicles; Soybeans / growth & development; Uncertainty; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Biodiesel Production and Applications; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
TL;DR: The key sources of uncertainty in the B20 LCI are vehicle emission factors, and there are environmental trade-offs such as for rural vs urban areas. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: ORCID, Crossref
Added: April 26, 2019

2009 journal article

Life cycle inventory energy consumption and emissions for biodiesel versus petroleum diesel fueled construction vehicles

Environmental Science & Technology, 43(16), 6398–6405.

By: S. Pang, H. Frey & W. Rasdorf

topics (OpenAlex):
Sources: NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Light duty gasoline vehicle emission factors at high transient and constant speeds for short road segments

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 14(8), 610–614.

Contributors: H. Choi n & H. Christopher Frey n

author keywords: Speed correction factor; Segment emissions; Near-roadway; Air quality study
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 review

Probabilistic Exposure Analysis for Chemical Risk Characterization

[Review of ]. TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 109(1), 4–17.

Contributors: K. Bogen*

author keywords: applied probability analysis; assessment methods; environmental chemicals; modeling; Monte Carlo; toxicity risk characterization
MeSH headings : Decision Making, Organizational; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollutants / toxicity; Hazardous Substances / toxicity; Humans; Models, Statistical; Monte Carlo Method; Risk Assessment / methods; Risk Management; Triage
topics (OpenAlex): Risk and Safety Analysis; Chemical Safety and Risk Management; Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
TL;DR: It is concluded that existing methods suffice for effective application of PEA to support quantitative analyses of the risk of chemically induced toxicity that play an increasing role in key decision-making objectives involving health protection, triage, civil justice, and criminal justice. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
16. Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Real-World Energy Use and Emission Rates for Idling Long-Haul Trucks and Selected Idle Reduction Technologies

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 59(7), 857–864.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Conservation of Energy Resources; Equipment Design; Gasoline; Motor Vehicles; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Regional On-Road Vehicle Running Emissions Modeling and Evaluation for Conventional and Alternative Vehicle Technologies

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 43(21), 8449–8455.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Environmental Restoration and Remediation / methods; Gasoline / analysis; Models, Chemical; Motor Vehicles; Time Factors; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: Emissions for all pollutants generally decreased with an increase in the market share of alternative vehicle technologies, and modest improvements in fuel economy may be offset by VMT growth and reductions in overall average speed. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2009 journal article

Requirements and Incentives for Reducing Construction Vehicle Emissions and Comparison of Nonroad Diesel Engine Emissions Data Sources

JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE, 135(5), 341–351.

Contributors: P. Lewis n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

A Vehicle-Specific Power Approach to Speed- and Facility-Specific Emissions Estimates for Diesel Transit Buses

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 42(21), 7985–7991.

Contributors: H. Zhai n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Calibration; Carbon Dioxide / analysis; Confidence Intervals; Gasoline / analysis; Geographic Information Systems; Health Planning Guidelines; Models, Chemical; Motor Vehicles; Reproducibility of Results; Statistics, Nonparametric; Transportation / methods; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Air Quality and Health Impacts
TL;DR: This study estimates roadway link average emission rates for diesel-fueled transit buses based on link mean speeds, using newly defined VSP modes from data gathered by a portable emissions monitoring system. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Characterization of Real-World Activity, Fuel Use, and Emissions for Selected Motor Graders Fueled with Petroleum Diesel and B20 Biodiesel

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 58(10), 1274–1287.

By: H. Frey, K. Kim*, S. Pang*, W. Rasdorf* & P. Lewis*

Contributors: H. Frey

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Biodiesel Production and Applications
TL;DR: An empirical modal-based model of vehicle fuel use and emissions was developed, based on stratifying the data with respect to ranges of normalized MAP, to enable comparisons between duty cycles, motor graders, and fuels. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Comparison of Real-World Emissions of B20 Biodiesel Versus Petroleum Diesel for Selected Nonroad Vehicles and Engine Tiers

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, (2058), 33–42.

By: H. Frey n, W. Rasdorf n, K. Kim n, G. Pang* & P. Lewis n

Contributors: H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Biodiesel Production and Applications
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Evaluation of response time of a portable system for in-use vehicle tailpipe emissions measurement

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 42(1), 221–227.

By: K. Zhang n & C. Frey n

Contributors: K. Zhang n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Carbon Dioxide / analysis; Carbon Monoxide / analysis; Environmental Monitoring / instrumentation; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Hydrocarbons / analysis; Motor Vehicles; Nitric Oxide / analysis; Time Factors; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
TL;DR: Simulations showed that correction improves the measurement accuracy, especially when the noise is relatively large, and for real-world data, smoothing and correction is recommended for major peaks to improve the measurements accuracy. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Fuel use and emissions comparisons for alternative routes, time of day, road grade, and vehicles based on in-use measurements

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 42(7), 2483–2489.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Gasoline; Motor Vehicles
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that alternative routing can significantly impact trip emissions and vehicle-specific models are needed to capture episodic effects of emissions for near-road short-term human exposure assessment. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 conference paper

Impact of Alternative Vehicle Technologies on Measured Vehicle Emissions

Transportation Land Use, Planning, and Air Quality, 320.

Contributors: H. Zhai n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: ORCID, Crossref, NC State University Libraries
Added: April 26, 2019

2008 journal article

Link-based emission factors for heavy-duty diesel trucks based on real-world data

Transportation Research Record, (2058), 23–32.

Contributors: H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: ORCID, NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Methodology for characterization of long-haul truck idling activity under real-world conditions

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 13(8), 516–523.

By: H. Frey n, P. Kuo n & C. Villa*

Contributors: H. Christopher Frey n

author keywords: Truck; Engine; Idle; Emissions; Diesel; Activity
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

Real-world in-use activity, fuel use, and emissions for nonroad construction vehicles: A case study for excavators

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 58(8), 1033–1046.

By: S. Abolhasani n, H. Frey n, K. Kim n, W. Rasdorf n, P. Lewis n & S. Pang n

Contributors: S. Abolhasani n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants, Occupational / analysis; Environmental Monitoring; Fossil Fuels / analysis; Industry; Models, Statistical; Montana; Off-Road Motor Vehicles; Quality Control; Transportation; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Traffic control and management
TL;DR: The importance of accounting for intercycle variability in real-world in-use emissions to develop more accurate emission inventories is demonstrated by the development and demonstrated for deployment of a portable emission measurement system for excavators. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2008 journal article

What is uncertainty analysis and how can it be performed?

Toxicology Letters, 180, 3.

topics (OpenAlex): Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

2007 journal article

Comparing real-world fuel consumption for diesel- and hydrogen-fueled transit buses and implication for emissions

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 12(4), 281–291.

Contributors: H. Frey n

author keywords: fuel consumption; diesel buses; hydrogen fuel cells; vehicle specific power
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure; Transportation Planning and Optimization
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2007 journal article

Second-order modeling of variability and uncertainty in microbial hazard characterization

JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION, 70(2), 363–372.

Contributors: A. Vicari n

MeSH headings : Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Campylobacter jejuni / pathogenicity; Child; Child, Preschool; Colony Count, Microbial; Consumer Product Safety; Female; Food Contamination / analysis; Food Contamination / statistics & numerical data; Food Microbiology; Humans; Infant; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Biological; Monte Carlo Method; Predictive Value of Tests; Risk Assessment
topics (OpenAlex): Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology; Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety; Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
TL;DR: An analytical framework that permits quantitative consideration of variability and uncertainty in microbial hazard characterization is described and it is indicated that uncertainty associated with dose-response modeling has a dominating influence on the analytical outcome. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2007 journal article

Simplified performance model of gas turbine combined cycle systems

Journal of Energy Engineering, 133(2), 82–90.

Contributors: Y. Zhu n

topics (OpenAlex): Heat Transfer and Numerical Methods; Rocket and propulsion systems research; Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 review

Air emission inventories in North America: A critical assessment

[Review of ]. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 56(8), 1115–1129.

By: C. Miller*, G. Hidy, J. Hales, C. Kolb*, A. Werner, B. Haneke, D. Parrish*, H. Frey n ...

Contributors: C. Miller*, G. Hidy, J. Hales, C. Kolb*, A. Werner, B. Haneke, D. Parrish*, H. Frey n ...

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants, Occupational / analysis; Air Pollution / analysis; Algorithms; Environmental Monitoring / standards; Environmental Monitoring / statistics & numerical data; Equipment and Supplies; North America
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
TL;DR: Approaches to improving quantitative measures of inventory uncertainty allow air quality management decisions to take into account the uncertainties associated with emissions estimates, providing more accurate projections of how well alternative strategies may work. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Application of classification and regression trees for sensitivity analysis of the Escherichia coli O157 : H7 food safety process risk model

JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION, 69(3), 609–618.

Contributors: A. Mokhtari n

MeSH headings : Consumer Product Safety; Escherichia coli O157 / growth & development; Food Handling / methods; Food Microbiology; Food-Processing Industry / standards; Humans; Models, Biological; Regression Analysis; Risk Assessment / methods; Risk Assessment / standards; Sensitivity and Specificity; Temperature; Time Factors
topics (OpenAlex): Food Safety and Hygiene; Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology; Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
TL;DR: The capabilities of classification and regression trees analysis are demonstrated as an alternative to other statistically based sensitivity analysis methods, and one that can readily address specific characteristics that are common in microbial food safety process risk models. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Evaluation and recommendation of sensitivity analysis methods for application to Stochastic Human Exposure and Dose Simulation models

JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, 16(6), 491–506.

Contributors: A. Mokhtari n

author keywords: SHEDS models; sensitivity analysis; variance-based methods; sampling-based methods; risk assessment
MeSH headings : Analysis of Variance; Environmental Exposure / analysis; Environmental Pollutants / analysis; Fourier Analysis; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Pesticides / analysis; Risk Assessment; Sampling Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stochastic Processes; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency / standards
topics (OpenAlex): Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design; Risk and Safety Analysis; Wind and Air Flow Studies
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Evaluation of numerical models for simulation of real-world hot-stabilized fuel consumption and emissions of gasoline light-duty vehicles

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, 11(5), 377–385.

Contributors: C. Silva*

author keywords: instantaneous fuel consumption and emissions models; road gasoline vehicles; on-board measurements; traffic induced driving cycles
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Transportation Planning and Optimization; Air Quality and Health Impacts
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Evaluation of sampling-based methods for sensitivity analysis: Case study for the E-Coli food safety process risk model

HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT, 12(6), 1128–1152.

Contributors: A. Mokhtari n

author keywords: sensitivity analysis; microbial food safety process risk models; two-dimensional probabilistic framework; variability; uncertainty
topics (OpenAlex): Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology; Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety; Food Safety and Hygiene
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Improved system integration for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) systems

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 40(5), 1693–1699.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Gases / chemistry; Nitrogen; Systems Integration; Water
topics (OpenAlex): Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies; Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems; Catalysts for Methane Reforming
TL;DR: A process simulation model was developed for IGCC systems with alternative types of ASU and gas turbine integration and the optimal nitrogen injection only case had the highest efficiency and power output and approximately the lowest emissions per unit output of all cases considered, and thus is a recommended design option. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Road grade estimation for on-road vehicle emissions modeling using light detection and ranging data

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 56(6), 777–788.

Contributors: K. Zhang n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Carbon Dioxide / analysis; Carbon Monoxide / analysis; Environmental Monitoring; Gasoline; Hydrocarbons / analysis; Motor Vehicles; Nitric Oxide / analysis; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Historical Geography and Cartography; Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications; Automated Road and Building Extraction
TL;DR: LIDAR data are shown to be reliable and accurate for road grade estimation for vehicle emissions modeling and demonstrated via a case study using PEMS data collected in the Research Triangle Park, NC, area. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Uncertainty analysis of integrated gasification combined cycle systems based on frame 7H versus 7F gas turbines

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 56(12), 1649–1661.

Contributors: Y. Zhu*

MeSH headings : Coal; Conservation of Natural Resources; Costs and Cost Analysis; Electric Power Supplies; Energy-Generating Resources; Equipment Design; Forecasting; Fossil Fuels; Power Plants; Research; Risk; Thermodynamics; Uncertainty
topics (OpenAlex): Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems; Process Optimization and Integration; Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
TL;DR: The objective of this study was to evaluate the risks and potential payoffs of IGCC technology based on different gas turbine combined cycle designs and found the IGCC-7H system is robustly preferred to the IG CC-7F system. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2006 journal article

Uncertainty for data with non-detects: Air toxic emissions from combustion

HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT, 12(6), 1171–1191.

Contributors: Y. Zhao n

author keywords: urban air toxics; emission factor; censored datasets; maximum likelihood estimation; bootstrap simulation
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design; Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2005 journal article

Quantitative analysis of variability and uncertainty with known measurement error: Methodology and case study

RISK ANALYSIS, 25(3), 663–675.

Contributors: J. Zheng n

author keywords: bootstrap pair; error-free data; measurement error; observed data; uncertainty; variability
topics (OpenAlex): Advanced Statistical Methods and Models; Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications; Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring
TL;DR: A methodology for improving the characterization of variability and uncertainty with known measurement errors in data is demonstrated based on an observed data set, known measurement error, and a measurement-error model and a key finding is that total uncertainty in mean can be properly quantified even if measurement and random sampling errors cannot be separated. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2005 journal article

Recommended practice regarding selection of sensitivity analysis methods applied to microbial food safety process risk models

HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT, 11(3), 591–605.

Contributors: A. Mokhtari n

author keywords: sensitivity analysis; microbial food safety process risk model; variability; uncertainty
topics (OpenAlex): Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design; Risk and Safety Analysis; Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2005 journal article

Sensitivity analysis of a two-dimensional probabilistic risk assessment model using analysis of variance

RISK ANALYSIS, 25(6), 1511–1529.

By: A. Mokhtari n & H. Frey

Contributors: A. Mokhtari n

author keywords: microbial food safety process risk models; sensitivity analysis; two-dimensional probabilistic framework; uncertainty; variability
MeSH headings : Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cattle; Escherichia coli O157 / isolation & purification; Escherichia coli O157 / pathogenicity; Food Microbiology; Meat / microbiology; Models, Statistical; Risk Assessment / statistics & numerical data; Risk Management; Safety; Sensitivity and Specificity
topics (OpenAlex): Food Safety and Hygiene; Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety; Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
TL;DR: This article demonstrates application of sensitivity analysis to risk assessment models with two-dimensional probabilistic frameworks that distinguish between variability and uncertainty by identifying inputs related to the storage of ground beef servings at home as the most important. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Comparison of sensitivity analysis methods based on applications to a food safety risk assessment model

RISK ANALYSIS, 24(3), 573–585.

By: . Patil n & H. Frey

Contributors: S. Patil n

author keywords: complex models; critical control points; food safety; risk assessment; sensitivity analysis
MeSH headings : Analysis of Variance; Animals; Food Contamination / prevention & control; Food Microbiology; Foodborne Diseases / prevention & control; Humans; Models, Statistical; Ostreidae / microbiology; Refrigeration; Risk Assessment; Safety; Sensitivity and Specificity; Time Factors; Vibrio parahaemolyticus / isolation & purification; Vibrio parahaemolyticus / pathogenicity
topics (OpenAlex): Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology; Vibrio bacteria research studies; Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
TL;DR: Ten sensitivity analysis methods were applied to a draft Vibrio parahaemolyticus risk assessment model developed by the Food and Drug Administration, and rankings of key inputs from different methods were compared. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Development of probabilistic emission inventories of air toxics for Jacksonville, Florida

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 54(11), 1405–1421.

Contributors: Y. Zhao n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Cities; Florida; Forecasting; Models, Statistical; Risk Assessment
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality and Health Impacts; Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact; Vehicle emissions and performance
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Optimization under variability and uncertainty: A case study for NOx emissions control for a gasification system

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 38(24), 6741–6747.

Contributors: J. Chen n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollution / economics; Air Pollution / prevention & control; Cost Savings; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Forecasting; Models, Theoretical; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Reproducibility of Results
topics (OpenAlex): Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design; Process Optimization and Integration; Risk and Safety Analysis
TL;DR: Methods for optimization of process technologies considering the distinction between variability and uncertainty are developed and applied to case studies of NOx control for Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle systems and a coupled stochastic optimization and programming method and a two-dimensional Stochastic programming method are demonstrated via a case study. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Propagation of uncertainty in hourly utility NOx emissions through a photochemical grid air quality model: A case study for the Charlotte, NC, modeling domain

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 38(7), 2153–2160.

Contributors: A. Abdel-Aziz n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Environmental Monitoring; Forecasting; Models, Theoretical; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; North Carolina; Oxidants, Photochemical / analysis; Ozone / analysis; Power Plants; Reproducibility of Results
topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Vehicle emissions and performance; Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
TL;DR: A probabilistic hourly NOx emission inventory for 32 units of nine coal-fired power plants in the Charlotte domain for the year 1995 was propagated through the Multiscale Air Quality Simulation Platform (MAQSIP). (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Quantification of highway vehicle emissions hot spots based upon on-board measurements

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 54(2), 130–140.

Contributors: A. Unal n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Data Collection; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Models, Theoretical; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: Average speed, average acceleration, standard deviation of speed, percent of time spent in cruise mode, minimum speed, maximum acceleration, and maximum power have statistically significant associations with vehicle emissions and influence emissions hot spots. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Quantification of variability and uncertainty for air toxic emission inventories with censored emission factor data

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 38(22), 6094–6100.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Cities; Forecasting; Likelihood Functions; Maximum Allowable Concentration; Models, Statistical; Risk Assessment; Texas
topics (OpenAlex): Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: Probabilistic emission inventories were developed for urban air toxic emissions of benzene, formaldehyde, chromium, and arsenic for the example of Houston and uncertainty was dominated by only a few source categories. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities (Web of Science; OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Quantification of variability and uncertainty for censored data sets and application to air toxic emission factors

RISK ANALYSIS, 24(4), 1019–1034.

By: Y. Zhao n & H. Frey

Contributors: Y. Zhao n

author keywords: Bootstrap simulation; censored data sets; Kaplan-Meier estimator; maximum likelihood estimation; Monte Carlo simulation; nondetects; urban air toxics
MeSH headings : Air; Air Pollution; Confidence Intervals; Likelihood Functions; Models, Statistical; Monte Carlo Method; Risk Assessment; Statistics as Topic; Statistics, Nonparametric; Uncertainty
topics (OpenAlex): Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference; Optimal Experimental Design Methods; Water Quality and Resources Studies
TL;DR: The bootstrap/MLE method is illustrated via an application to an empirical air toxic emission factor data set and the robustness of the method was tested by application to different degrees of censoring, sample sizes, coefficients of variation, and numbers of detection limits. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2004 journal article

Quantification of variability and uncertainty using mixture distributions: Evaluation of sample size, mixing weights, and separation between components

RISK ANALYSIS, 24(3), 553–571.

By: J. Zheng n & H. Frey

Contributors: J. Zheng n

author keywords: bootstrap simulation; mixture distributions; parameter estimation; uncertainty; variability
topics (OpenAlex): Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design; Risk and Safety Analysis; Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics
TL;DR: To evaluate the robustness of using mixture distribution as a basis for estimating both variability and uncertainty, 108 synthetic data sets generated from selected population mixture log-normal distributions were investigated, and properties of variability and uncertainties estimates were evaluated with respect to variation in sample size, mixing weight, and separation between components of mixtures. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

Development of hourly probabilistic utility NOx emission inventories using time series techniques: Part I - univariate approach

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 37(38), 5379–5389.

By: A. Abdel-Aziz n & H. Frey

Contributors: A. Abdel-Aziz n & H. Frey

author keywords: autocorrelation; uncertainty; variability; emissions; nitrogen oxides
topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics; Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

Development of hourly probabilistic utility NOx emission inventories using time series techniques: Part II - multivariate approach

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 37(38), 5391–5401.

By: A. Abdel-Aziz n & H. Frey

Contributors: A. Abdel-Aziz n & H. Frey

author keywords: autocorrelation; uncertainty; variability; emissions; nitrogen oxides
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

Integrated environmental assessment, Part I: Estimating emissions

Journal of Industrial Ecology, 7(1), 9–11.

topics (OpenAlex): Environmental Impact and Sustainability; Odor and Emission Control Technologies; Smart Materials for Construction
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

2003 journal article

Methods for quantifying variability and uncertainty in AP-42 emission factors: Case studies for natural gas-fueled engines

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 53(12), 1436–1447.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Fossil Fuels; Models, Theoretical; Motor Vehicles; Reproducibility of Results; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies; Vehicle emissions and performance; SAS software applications and methods
TL;DR: Quantitative methods for characterizing variability and uncertainty were applied to case studies of oxides of nitrogen and total organic carbon emission factors for lean-burn natural gas-fueled internal combustion engines, and parametric probability distributions were fit to represent inter-engine variability in specific emission factors. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

On-road measurement of vehicle tailpipe emissions using a portable instrument

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 53(8), 992–1002.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Automobiles; Environmental Monitoring / instrumentation; Public Policy; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Transportation; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Transportation Planning and Optimization
TL;DR: Onboard data demonstrate the importance of accounting for the episodic nature of real-world emissions to help develop appropriate traffic and air quality management strategies. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

Probabilistic nonroad mobile source emission factors

Journal of Environmental Engineering, 129(2), 162–168.

Contributors: H. Frey n

topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: NC State University Libraries, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2003 journal article

Quantification of hourly variability in NOx emissions for baseload coal-fired power plants

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 53(11), 1401–1411.

Contributors: A. Abdel-Aziz n & H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Coal; Decision Making; Environmental Monitoring / methods; Forecasting; Kinetics; Models, Theoretical; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Power Plants
topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics; Vehicle emissions and performance; Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 conference paper

Identification and review of sensitivity analysis methods

Risk Analysis, 22(3), 553–578.

Contributors: H. Frey n & S. Patil*

topics (OpenAlex): Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design
TL;DR: Identification and qualitative comparison of sensitivity analysis methods that have been used across various disciplines, and that merit consideration for application to food-safety risk assessment models, are presented. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Sources: NC State University Libraries, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 journal article

Introduction to special section on sensitivity analysis and summary of NCSU/USDA workshop on sensitivity analysis

RISK ANALYSIS, 22(3), 539–545.

Contributors: H. Frey n

author keywords: sensitivity analysis; food safety uncertainty; variability modeling
MeSH headings : Food Contamination / statistics & numerical data; Risk Assessment; Safety; Sensitivity and Specificity; United States; United States Department of Agriculture
topics (OpenAlex): Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement; Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design; Environmental Impact and Sustainability
TL;DR: The workshop produced agreement regarding key criteria for sensitivity analysis methods and the need to use two or more methods to try to obtain robust insights and recommendations were made regarding a guideline document to assist practitioners in selecting, applying, interpreting, and reporting the results of sensitivity analysis. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
2. Zero Hunger (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 journal article

Probabilistic analysis of driving cycle-based highway vehicle emission factors

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 36(23), 5184–5191.

Contributors: H. Frey n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Atmospheric Pressure; Automobile Driving; Carbon Monoxide / analysis; Forecasting; Hydrocarbons / analysis; Models, Statistical; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Regression Analysis; Temperature; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Air Quality and Health Impacts; Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
TL;DR: A probabilistic methodology for quantifying intervehicle variability and fleet average uncertainty in highway vehicle emission factors is developed and demonstrated for tailpipe carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and nitrogen oxides emissions for a selected light-duty gasoline vehicle technology. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 journal article

Quantification of variability and uncertainty in air pollutant emission inventories: Method and case study for utility NOx emissions

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 52(9), 1083–1095.

Contributors: H. Frey n & J. Zheng n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants / analysis; Cost Savings; Environment; Environmental Monitoring / economics; Environmental Monitoring / standards; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Policy Making; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Risk and Safety Analysis; Environmental Policies and Emissions; Vehicle emissions and performance
TL;DR: A general methodology for the quantification of variability and uncertainty in emission factors, activity factors, and emission inventories (EIs) is described, featuring the use of bootstrap simulation and related techniques. (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2002 journal article

Quantification of variability and uncertainty in lawn and garden equipment NOx and total hydrocarbon emission factors

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 52(4), 435–448.

Contributors: H. Frey n & S. Bammi n

MeSH headings : Air Pollutants, Occupational / analysis; Air Pollution / analysis; Air Pollution / prevention & control; Databases, Factual; Hydrocarbons / analysis; Nitrogen Oxides / analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Vehicle Emissions / analysis
topics (OpenAlex): Vehicle emissions and performance; Environmental Policies and Emissions; Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
TL;DR: Quantitative methods for characterizing both variability and uncertainty are demonstrated and applied to case studies of emission factors for lawn and garden equipment engines and serve as a basis for calculation of uncertainty in emission inventories (Els). (via Semantic Scholar)
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (OpenAlex)
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

2001 journal article

Uncertainties in predicted ozone concentrations due to input uncertainties for the UAM-V photochemical grid model applied to the July 1995 OTAG domain

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT, 35(5), 891–903.

By: . Hanna*, Z. Lu*, H. Frey n, N. Wheeler n, J. Vukovich*, S. Arunachalam*, M. Fernau, D. Hansen*

Contributors: S. Hanna*

author keywords: photochemical modeling; model uncertainty; Monte Carlo uncertainty methods
topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols; Atmospheric Ozone and Climate; Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1999 journal article

Methods for characterizing variability and uncertainty: Comparison of bootstrap simulation and likelihood-based approaches

Risk Analysis, 19(1), 109–130.

By: H. Frey n & D. Burmaster*

topics (OpenAlex): Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference; Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design; Statistical Methods and Inference
Sources: NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1999 journal article

Methods for characterizing variability and uncertainty: Comparison of bootstrap simulation and likelihood-based approaches

Risk Analysis, 19(1), 109–130.

By: H. Frey & D. Burmaster

Contributors: H. Frey & D. Burmaster

author keywords: variability; uncertainty; maximum likelihood; bootstrap simulation; Monte Carlo simulation
topics (OpenAlex):
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

1998 journal article

Characterization and simulation of uncertain frequency distributions: Effects of distribution choice, variability, uncertainty, and parameter dependence

HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT, 4(2), 423–468.

By: H. Frey n & D. Rhodes n

author keywords: variability; uncertainty; bootstrap; Monte Carlo; distributions
topics (OpenAlex): Simulation Techniques and Applications; Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1997 journal article

Integrated environmental control modeling of coal-fired power systems

JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, 47(11), 1180–1188.

Contributors: E. Rubin*

topics (OpenAlex): Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics; Groundwater flow and contamination studies; Wind and Air Flow Studies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
13. Climate Action (Web of Science)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID
Added: August 6, 2018

1997 journal article

Modeling and evaluation of externally fired combined cycle using ASPEN

Journal of Energy Engineering, 123(3), 69–87.

topics (OpenAlex): Catalytic Processes in Materials Science; Process Optimization and Integration; Advanced Control Systems Optimization
Sources: NC State University Libraries, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1997 article

Optimal design of advanced power systems under uncertainty

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT, Vol. 38, pp. 1725–1735.

author keywords: process optimization; process synthesis; uncertainty; energy systems; environmental control technology
topics (OpenAlex): Process Optimization and Integration; Advanced Control Systems Optimization; Field-Flow Fractionation Techniques
TL;DR: Recent developments in on-going research to develop and demonstrate advanced computer-based methods for dealing with uncertainties that are critical to the design of advanced coal-based power systems are described. (via Semantic Scholar)
Sources: Web Of Science, NC State University Libraries
Added: August 6, 2018

1996 conference paper

Comparison of classroom and video-based instruction: a case study for a graduate-level air pollution control course

Proceedings of the Air & Waste Management Association's Annual Meeting & Exhibition. http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030313917&partnerID=MN8TOARS

By: H. Frey

Contributors: H. Frey

Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

1992 journal article

Evaluation of Advanced Coal Gasification Combined-Cycle Systems under Uncertainty

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 31(5), 1299–1307.

By: H. Frey & E. Rubin

Contributors: H. Frey & E. Rubin

topics (OpenAlex): Integrated Energy Systems Optimization; Process Optimization and Integration; Renewable energy and sustainable power systems
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

1992 journal article

Synthesizing Optimal Flowsheets: Applications to IGCC System Environmental Control

Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 31(8), 1927–1936.

topics (OpenAlex): Membrane Separation and Gas Transport; Groundwater flow and contamination studies; Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques
TL;DR: A new process synthesis capability implemented in the public version of the ASPEN chemical process simulator is demonstrated via an illustrative case study of a complex flowsheet to minimize the cost of an advanced integrated gasification combined-cycle plant design featuring hot-gas cleanup, subject to environmental constraints. (via Semantic Scholar)
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

1991 journal article

Probabilistic Evaluation of Advanced So<sub>2</sub>/No<sub>X</sub> Control Technology

Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 41(12), 1585–1593.

Contributors: H. Frey* & E. Rubin*

topics (OpenAlex): Industrial Gas Emission Control; Environmental Policies and Emissions; Oil, Gas, and Environmental Issues
Source: ORCID
Added: April 26, 2019

1988 journal article

Cost-Effective emission controls for coal-fired power plants

Chemical Engineering Communications, 74(1), 155–167.

By: E. Rubin*, J. Salmento* & H. Frey*

Contributors: E. Rubin*, J. Salmento* & H. Frey*

topics (OpenAlex): Environmental Policies and Emissions
Source: ORCID
Added: February 10, 2024

Employment

Updated: October 23rd, 2024 20:53

2024 - present

North Carolina State University Raleigh, US
Associate Dean for Research and Infrastructure College of Engineering

2015 - present

NC State University Raleigh, NC, US
Futrell Distinguished University Professor Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering

2022 - 2024

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C., US
Assistant Administrator Office of Research and Development

2021 - 2022

United States Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C., US
Deputy Assistant Administrator for Science Policy Office of Research and Development

1994 - 2015

North Carolina State University Raleigh, US
Distinguished University Professor (2012-2015), Professor (2004-2012), Associate Professor (1999-2004), Assistant Professor (1994-1999) Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering

Education

Updated: October 23rd, 2024 20:58

Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA, US
PhD Engineering and Public Policy

1985 - 1987

Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, US
Master of Engineering Mechanical Engineering

1981 - 1985

University of Virginia Charlottesville, US
BS Mechanical Engineering

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