William Gregory Cope

Impervious Surface Is Not a Strong Predictor of Contaminant Accumulation in Freshwater Turtles in a Rapidly Urbanizing Region

Sapp, A. G. G., Weber, F. X., Cope, W. G., Moorman, C. E., Wilson, E. M., & Mali, I. (2026, February 24). Diversity.

Monoecious hydrilla ( Hydrilla verticillata ) response to intermittent herbicide exposures

Beets, J. P., Haug, E. J., Sperry, B. P., Leon-Gonzalez, R. G., Cope, W. G., Everman, W. J., & Richardson, R. J. (2026, February 18). Invasive Plant Science and Management.

A Unionid Mussel Biodiversity Hotspot Experiencing Unexplained Declines: Evaluating the Influence of Chemical Stressors Using Caged Juveniles

Wilson, W. A., Bergeron, C., Archambault, J., Unrine, J., Jones, J., Beaty, B., … Cope, W. G. (2025, July 22). Diversity, Vol. 17.

Contaminant Accumulation by Unionid Mussels: An Assemblage Level Assessment of Sequestration Functions Across Watersheds and Spatial Scales

Archambault, J. M., Cope, W. G., Newton, T. J., Dunn, H. L., Eads, C. B., Jones, J. W., & Cope, W. R. (2025, December 12). Diversity, Vol. 12.

Evaluation of Pondside Tank Rearing Systems for Juvenile Striped Bass Production

Kendrick, E., Mamoozadeh, N., Cope, W. G., Borski, R., Clark, R. W., Hopper, M. S., … Reading, B. J. (2025, January 1). SSRN Electronic Journal.

Finding the pulse of healthy native freshwater mussels (order Unionida): Insights from propagation biologists

Mueller, M. E., LePrevost, C. E., & Cope, W. G. (2025, March 1). Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, Vol. 4.

Distribution, Occupancy, and Habitat of the Endangered Carolina Madtom: Implications for Recovery of an Endemic Stream Fish

Cope, W. R., Cope, W. R., Kwak, T. J., Black, T. R., Pacifici, K., Archambault, J. M., … Cope, W. G. (2024, November 7). Fishes, Vol. 9.

Thermal Threats to Freshwater Mussels: An Empirical Stream Assessment

Diversity, 16(1), 37.

Assessing the Toxicity of Sea Salt to Early Life Stages of Freshwater Mussels: Implications for Sea Level Rise in Coastal Rivers

McIver, J. K., Cope, W. G., Bringolf, R. B., Kwak, T. J., Watson, B., Maynard, A., & Mair, R. (2023, September 20). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 9.

Histological evaluations of organ tissues reveal sublethal effects in a freshwater mussel (Villosa iris) exposed to chloride and potassium concentrations below benchmark estimates

Rogers, J. J., Henley, W. F., Weberg, A. G., Jones, J. W., & Cope, W. G. (2023, March 11). Aquatic Toxicology, Vol. 258.

Review and Development of Best Practices for Toxicity Tests with Dreissenid Mussels

Waller, D., Pucherelli, S., Barbour, M., Tank, S., Meulemans, M., Wise, J., … Wong, W. H. (2023, May 16). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 6.

Total mercury, methylmercury, and selenium concentrations in blue marlin Makaira nigricans from a long-term dataset in the western north Atlantic

Science of The Total Environment, 858, 159947.

A New Open-Source Web Application with Animations to Support Learning of Neuron-to-Neuron Signaling

AMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER, 83(9), 593–595.

Genetic Structure and Diversity of the Endemic Carolina Madtom and Conservation Implications

Cope, W. R., Kwak, T. J., Black, T. R., Pacifici, K., Harris, S. C., Miller, C. M., … Hallerman, E. M. (2021, April 23). North American Journal of Fisheries Management, Vol. 41.

Method Development for a Short-Term 7-Day Toxicity Test with Unionid Mussels

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 40(12), 3392–3409.

Survival and Contaminants in Imperiled and Common Riverine Fishes Assessed with an In Situ Bioassay Approach

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY, 40(8), 2206–2219.

Understanding the influence of multiple pollutant stressors on the decline of freshwater mussels in a biodiversity hotspot

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 773, 144757.

Anglers' Views on Using Signs to Communicate Fish Consumption Advisories

FISHERIES, 45(10), 307–316.

Correction to: Managing the Invasive Cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei in a Southeastern USA Reservoir: Evaluation of a Multi-year Treatment Program

Willis, B. E., Gravelie, J. T., Bishop, W. M., Buczek, S. B., & Cope, W. G. (2020, June 1). Water Air & Soil Pollution, Vol. 231.

Evaluation of Juvenile Freshwater Mussel Sensitivity to Multiple Forms of Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl

Buczek, S. B., Archambault, J. M., Cope, W. G., & Heilman, M. A. (2020, August 27). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 105, pp. 588–594.

Investigating audience response system technology during pesticide training for farmers

LePrevost, C. E., Denlea, G., Dong, L., & Cope, W. G. (2020, September 14). The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, Vol. 9, pp. 1–15.

Managing the Invasive Cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei in a Southeastern USA Reservoir: Evaluation of a Multi-year Treatment Program

Willis, B. E., Gravelie, J. T., Bishop, W. M., Buczek, S. B., & Cope, W. G. (2020, April 19). Water Air & Soil Pollution, Vol. 231.

Pesticides and your respiratory system: what we know about a lifetime of farm exposures and lung and airway health

Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service and North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services.

Trophodynamics of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Food Web of a Large Atlantic Slope River

Penland, T. N., Cope, W. G., Kwak, T. J., Strynar, M. J., Grieshaber, C. A., Heise, R. J., & Sessions, F. W. (2020, April 28). Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 54, pp. 6800–6811.

Biomass of the Cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei Alters Copper Algaecide Exposure and Risks to a Non-target Organism

BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY, 104, 228–234.

Growth, Condition, and Trophic Relations of Stocked Trout in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams

Fischer, J. R., Kwak, T. J., Flowers, H. J., Cope, W. G., Rash, J. M., & Besler, D. A. (2019, June 18). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, Vol. 148, pp. 771–784.

The Status of Mussel Health Assessment and a Path Forward

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 22(2), 26–42.

A Comparison of the chemical sensitivities between in vitro and in vivo propagated juvenile freshwater mussels: Implications for standard toxicity testing

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 37(12), 3077–3085.

Assessment of atrazine toxicity to the estuarine phytoplankter, Dunaliella tertiolecta (Chlorophyta), under varying nutrient conditions

Flood, S., Burkholder, J. A., & Cope, G. (2018, February 8). Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 25, pp. 11409–11423.

Assessment of growth, survival, and organ tissues of caged mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in a river-scape influenced by coal mining in the southeastern USA

Rogers, J. J., Henley, W. F., Weberg, A. G., Jones, J. W., & Cope, W. G. (2018, July 21). The Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 645, pp. 1273–1286.

Behavior and Survival of Stocked Trout in Southern Appalachian Mountain Streams

Flowers, H. J., Kwak, T. J., Fischer, J. R., Cope, W. G., Rash, J. M., & Besler, D. A. (2018, October 25). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, Vol. 148, pp. 3–20.

Certified Safe Farm Implementation in North Carolina: Hazards, Safety Improvements, and Economic Incentives

Journal of Agromedicine, 23(4), 381–392.

Chasing a changing climate: Reproductive and dispersal traits predict how sessile species respond to global warming

Archambault, J. M., Cope, W. G., & Kwak, T. J. (2018, March 30). (A. Ricciardi, Ed.). Diversity and Distributions, Vol. 3, pp. 880–891.

Do postlarval amphidromous fishes transport marine-derived nutrients and pollutants to Caribbean streams?

Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 27(3), 847–856.

Effects of Turbidity, Sediment, and Polyacrylamide on Native Freshwater Mussels

Buczek, S. B., Cope, W. G., McLaughlin, R. A., & Kwak, T. J. (2018, March 10). JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 54, pp. 631–643.

Food web contaminant dynamics of a large Atlantic Slope river: Implications for common and imperiled species

Penland, T. N., Grieshaber, C. A., Kwak, T. J., Cope, W. G., Heise, R. J., & Sessions, F. W. (2018, March 28). The Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 633, pp. 1062–1077.

Hydrologic characteristics of freshwater mussel habitat: novel insights from modeled flows

Drew, C. A., Eddy, M., Kwak, T. J., Cope, W. G., & Augspurger, T. (2018, April 11). Freshwater Science, Vol. 37, pp. 343–356.

Relation of contaminants to fish intersex in riverine sport fishes

Science of The Total Environment, 643, 73–89.

Selenium, Mercury, and Their Molar Ratio in Sportfish from Drinking Water Reservoirs

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(9), 1864.

The presence of algae mitigates the toxicity of copper-based algaecides to a nontarget organism

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 37(8), 2132–2142.

A Retrospective Analysis of Agricultural Herbicides in Surface Water Reveals Risk Plausibility for Declines in Submerged Aquatic Vegetation

Powell, K., Cope, W., LePrevost, C., Augspurger, T., McCarthy, A., & Shea, D. (2017, September 6). Toxics, Vol. 5, p. 21.

Acute toxicity of polyacrylamide flocculants to early life stages of freshwater mussels

Buczek, S. B., Cope, W. G., McLaughlin, R. A., & Kwak, T. J. (2017, April 11). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 36, pp. 2715–2721.

Contaminants in tropical island streams and their biota

Buttermore, E. N., Cope, W. G., Kwak, T. J., Cooney, P. B., Shea, D., & Lazaro, P. R. (2017, December 26). Environmental Research, Vol. 161, pp. 615–623.

Copper-Based Aquatic Algaecide Adsorption and Accumulation Kinetics: Influence of Exposure Concentration and Duration for Controlling the Cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei

Bishop, W. M., Lynch, C. L., Willis, B. E., & Cope, W. G. (2017, July 5). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 99, pp. 365–371.

Declining Occurrence and Low Colonization Probability in Freshwater Mussel Assemblages: A Dynamic Occurrence Modeling Approach

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 20(1), 13–19.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface waters, sediments, and unionid mussels: relation to road crossings and implications for chronic mussel exposure

Hydrobiologia, 810(1), 465–476.

When a Good Pesticide Application Goes Bad

Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service and North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services.

Windows of Susceptibility and Consequences of Early Life Exposures to 17β–estradiol on Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Reproductive Success

Environmental Science & Technology, 51(9), 5296–5305.

Adapting Certified Safe Farm to North Carolina Agriculture: An Implementation Study

Storm, J. F., LePrevost, C. E., Tutor-Marcom, R., & Cope, W. G. (2016, April 20). Journal of Agromedicine, Vol. 21, pp. 269–283.

Assessing toxicity of contaminants in riverine suspended sediments to freshwater mussels

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 36(2), 395–407.

Endocrine active contaminants in aquatic systems and intersex in common sport fishes

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 36(4), 959–968.

Extending the toxicity-testing paradigm for freshwater mussels: Assessing chronic reproductive effects of the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol on the unionid mussel Elliptio complanata

Leonard, J. A., Cope, W. G., Hammer, E. J., Barnhart, M. C., & Bringolf, R. B. (2016, September 9). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Toxicology & Pharmacology, Vol. 191, pp. 14–25.

Life Stage Sensitivity of a Freshwater Snail to Herbicides Used in Invasive Aquatic Weed Control

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 19(2), 69.

Microhabitat Suitability and Niche Breadth of Common and Imperiled Atlantic Slope Freshwater Mussels

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 19(2), 27.

Species traits and catchment‐scale habitat factors influence the occurrence of freshwater mussel populations and assemblages

Species traits and catchment-scale habitat factors influence the occurrence of freshwater mussel populations and assemblages. Freshwater Biology, 61(10), 1671–1684.

Dictionary of Agromedicine

(1st ed.). http://appliedecology.cals.ncsu.edu/extension/toxicology/dictionary-of-agromedicine/

Assessing the Effectiveness of the Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit: A Curriculum for Enhancing Farmworkers’ Understanding of Pesticide Safety Concepts

Journal of Agromedicine, 19(2), 222–223.

Assessing the Effectiveness of thePesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit: A Curriculum for Enhancing Farmworkers’ Understanding of Pesticide Safety Concepts

LePrevost, C. E., Storm, J. F., Asuaje, C. R., Arellano, C., & Cope, W. G. (2014, April 3). Journal of Agromedicine, Vol. 19, pp. 96–102.

Influence of sediment presence on freshwater mussel thermal tolerance

Archambault, J. M., Cope, W. G., & Kwak, T. J. (2014, February 13). Freshwater Science, Vol. 33, pp. 56–65.

Metabolomic, behavioral, and reproductive effects of the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole hydrochloride on the unionid mussel Lampsilis fasciola

Leonard, J. A., Cope, W. G., Barnhart, M. C., & Bringolf, R. B. (2014, July 27). General and Comparative Endocrinology, Vol. 206, pp. 213–226.

Metabolomic, behavioral, and reproductive effects of the synthetic estrogen 17 α-ethinylestradiol on the unionid mussel Lampsilis fasciola

Leonard, J. A., Cope, W. G., Barnhart, M. C., & Bringolf, R. B. (2014, March 15). Aquatic Toxicology, Vol. 150, pp. 103–116.

Personal Goals and Perceived Barriers of Farmworker Pesticide Trainers: Implications for Workplace Safety and Health

Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health, 20(4), 267–282.

Sensitivity of freshwater molluscs to hydrilla-targeting herbicides: providing context for invasive aquatic weed control in diverse ecosystems

Archambault, J. M., Bergeron, C. M., Cope, W. G., Richardson, R. J., Heilman, M. A., Corey, J. E., … Heise, R. J. (2014, August 8). Journal of Freshwater Ecology, Vol. 30, pp. 335–348.

Sources of endocrine-disrupting compounds in North Carolina waterways: A geographic information systems approach

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 34(2), 437–445.

The Pesticides and Farmworker Health Toolkit: an innovative model for developing an evidence-informed program for a low-literacy, Latino immigrant audience

Journal of Extension, 52(3), 1–10.

Assessment of toxicity test endpoints for freshwater mussel larvae (glochidia)

Fritts, A. K., Barnhart, M. C., Bradley, M., Liu, N., Cope, W. G., Hammer, E., & Bringolf, R. B. (2013, October 5). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 33, pp. 199–207.

Beliefs of science educators who teach pesticide risk to farmworkers

International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 8(4), 587–609.

Burrowing, byssus, and biomarkers: behavioral and physiological indicators of sublethal thermal stress in freshwater mussels (Unionidae)

Archambault, J. M., Cope, W. G., & Kwak, T. J. (2013, June 11). Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, Vol. 46, pp. 229–250.

Fluoxetine alters adult freshwater mussel behavior and larval metamorphosis

Hazelton, P. D., Cope, W. G., Mosher, S., Pandolfo, T. J., Belden, J. B., Barnhart, M. C., & Bringolf, R. B. (2013, January 12). The Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 445, pp. 94–100.

Maternally transferred mercury in wild largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides

Environmental Pollution, 178, 493–497.

Need for Improved Risk Communication of Fish Consumption Advisories to Protect Maternal and Child Health: Influence of Primary Informants

LePrevost, C., Gray, K., Hernández-Pelletier, M., Bouma, B., Arellano, C., & Cope, W. (2013, April 29). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 10, pp. 1720–1734.

Short-Term Effects of Small Dam Removal on a Freshwater Mussel Assemblage

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 16(1), 41–52.

Survival and behaviour of juvenile unionid mussels exposed to thermal stress and dewatering in the presence of a sediment temperature gradient

Archambault, J. M., Cope, W. G., & Kwak, T. J. (2013, December 11). Freshwater Biology, Vol. 59, pp. 601–613.

The Influence of Fish Length on Tissue Mercury Dynamics: Implications for Natural Resource Management and Human Health Risk

Sackett, D., Cope, W., Rice, J., & Aday, D. (2013, February 6). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 10, pp. 638–659.

Validation of a Predictive Model for Fish Tissue Mercury Concentrations

Sackett, D. K., Aday, D. D., Rice, J. A., & Cope, W. G. (2013, January 23). Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, Vol. 142, pp. 380–387.

Acute effects of road salts and associated cyanide compounds on the early life stages of the unionid mussel Villosa iris

Pandolfo, T. J., Cope, W. G., Young, G. B., Jones, J. W., Hua, D., & Lingenfelser, S. F. (2012, May 9). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 31, pp. 1801–1806.

Assessing Accumulation and Sublethal Effects of Lead in a Unionid Mussel

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 15(1), 60.

Engaging Latino Farmworkers in the Development of Symbols to Improve Pesticide Safety and Health Education and Risk Communication

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 15(5), 975–981.

Genotoxic Response of Unionid Mussel Hemolymph to Hydrogen Peroxide and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 15(2), 113.

Partial life-cycle and acute toxicity of perfluoroalkyl acids to freshwater mussels

Hazelton, P. D., Cope, W. G., Pandolfo, T. J., Mosher, S., Strynar, M. J., Barnhart, M. C., & Bringolf, R. B. (2012, May 2). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 31, pp. 1611–1620.

Rapid decreases in salinity, but not increases, lead to immune dysregulation in Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus(L.)

Journal of Fish Diseases, 36(4), 389–399.

Thermal Tolerances of Freshwater Mussels and their Host Fishes: Species Interactions in a Changing Climate

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation, 15(1), 69.

Exposure classes: toxicants in air, water, soil, domestic, and occupational settings

In E. Hodgson (Ed.), A Textbook of Modern Toxicology (4th ed., pp. 31–47). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for Christmas trees

(North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service No. AG-MED-16 and AG-MED-17). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service Press.

Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for apples

(North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service No. AG-MED-18 and AG-MED-19). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service Press.

Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for bell peppers

(North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service No. AG-MED-11 and AG-MED-12). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service Press.

Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for blueberries

(North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service No. AG-MED-27 and AG-MED-28). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service Press.

Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for cucumbers

(North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service No. AG-MED-13 and AG-MED-14). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service Press.

Pesticides and farmworker health toolkit for grapes

(North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service No. AG-MED-20 and AG-MED-21). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension Service Press.