@article{weldekidan_manching_choquette_leon_flint-garcia_holland_lauter_murray_xu_goodman_et al._2021, title={Registration of tropical populations of maize selected in parallel for early flowering time across the United States}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1940-3496"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20181}, DOI={10.1002/plr2.20181}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS}, author={Weldekidan, Teclemariam and Manching, Heather and Choquette, Nicole and Leon, Natalia and Flint-Garcia, Sherry and Holland, James and Lauter, Nick and Murray, Seth C. and Xu, Wenwei and Goodman, Major M. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Oct} }
 @article{goldstein_jaradat_hurburgh_pollak_goodman_2019, title={Breeding maize under biodynamic-organic conditions for nutritional value and N efficiency/N-2 fixation}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2391-9531"]}, DOI={10.1515/opag-2019-0030}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={OPEN AGRICULTURE}, author={Goldstein, W. and Jaradat, A. A. and Hurburgh, C. and Pollak, L. M. and Goodman, M.}, year={2019}, month={Jan}, pages={322–345} }
 @article{saito_silva_costa andrade_goodman_2018, title={Adaptability and stability of corn inbred lines regarding resistance to gray leaf spot and northern leaf blight}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1984-7033"]}, DOI={10.1590/1984-70332018v18n2a21}, abstractNote={Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Biol & Zootecnia, Campus Ilha Solteira, BR-15385000 Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil}, number={2}, journal={CROP BREEDING AND APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY}, author={Saito, Belisa Cristina and Silva, Leonardo Queiroz and Costa Andrade, Joao Antonio and Goodman, Major M.}, year={2018}, pages={148–154} }
 @article{jones_goodman_2018, title={Identification of M-Type Gametophyte Factors in Maize Genetic Resources}, volume={58}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2017.09.0560}, abstractNote={Maize (Zea mays L.) gametophyte factors are the basis of dent sterile popcorns, where they are used to prevent pollen contamination from dent corns and have been proposed as useful for protection of other specialty types. Current gametophytic systems rely entirely on the strong allele of Gametophyte Factor 1 (Ga1‐s) to impart the selective barrier needed in these hybrids. This allele, however, is naturally overcome by another allele at the same locus (Ga1‐m), which is only detectable by specific evaluation, allowing it to go undetected in breeding lines, thus creating a scenario with substantial risk to Ga1‐s hybrids. Other gametophytic systems exist but have parallel allelic structure with possibly parallel risks, especially from m‐type alleles. By screening a set of maize genetic resources, we assessed the risk posed by the Ga1‐m allele. We identified the allele in several populations readily useful for expanding the genetic base of commercial maize, including several Germplasm Enhancement of Maize lines. To examine the possible distribution of m‐type alleles at other key gametophytic loci, we screened the maize nested association mapping population founder lines for the presence of m‐type gametophytic alleles, identifying 19 previously unreported m‐type gametophytic alleles in these lines. Our results also highlight the frequent concomitancy of gametophytic alleles at different loci, the full interactions of which are ignored by standard phenotyping methods that consider individual loci, confounding allele status determination. We provide a method for determining allele status at multiple gametophytic loci and highlight the implications of concomitant alleles, especially Ga1‐m and Tcb1‐m, on the possible deployment of new barrier systems.}, number={2}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Jones, Zachary G. and Goodman, Major M.}, year={2018}, pages={719–727} }
 @article{lennon_krakowsky_goodman_flint‐garcia_balint‐kurti_2017, title={Identification of Teosinte Alleles for Resistance to Southern Leaf Blight in Near Isogenic Maize Lines}, volume={57}, ISSN={0011-183X 1435-0653}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2016.12.0979}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2016.12.0979}, abstractNote={Southern leaf blight ([SLB], causal agent Cochliobolus heterostrophus) is an important fungal disease of maize (Zea mays L.). Teosinte (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis), the wild progenitor of maize, offers a novel source of resistance alleles that may have been lost during domestication. The aims of this study were to identify teosinte alleles that, when present in a temperate maize background, confer a significant level of resistance to SLB. Ten populations of BC4S2 near isogenic lines (NILs), developed by crossing 10 different teosinte accessions to the maize inbred B73, comprising 774 lines in total, were screened for SLB resistance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified four significant QTL associated with SLB in bins 2.04, 3.04, 3.05, and 8.05. Sixteen individual NILs which were significantly different to the susceptible recurrent parent, B73 and which were carrying at least one of the teosinte‐derived resistance alleles were used to develop F2:3 populations by crossing each to B73 followed by two rounds of self‐pollination. These F2:3 populations were evaluated for SLB resistance and genotyped at the loci of interest. In 13 of 19 cases single marker analysis validated allelic substitution effects predicted from the original NIL population analysis, while in five cases we were not able to validate the effects and in one case a significant effect was detected in the opposite to the predicted direction. An allele at the QTL in bin 2.04 was shown to confer resistance to both SLB and a second maize foliar disease, gray leaf spot (GLS).}, number={4}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lennon, Jill R. and Krakowsky, Matthew and Goodman, Major and Flint‐Garcia, Sherry and Balint‐Kurti, Peter J.}, year={2017}, month={May}, pages={1973–1983} }
 @article{nelson_krakowsky_coles_holland_bubeck_smith_goodman_2016, title={Genetic Characterization of the North Carolina State University Maize Lines}, volume={56}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84952837677&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2015.09.0532}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={1}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Nelson, P. T. and Krakowsky, M. D. and Coles, N. D. and Holland, J. B. and Bubeck, D. M. and Smith, J. S. C. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2016}, pages={259–275} }
 @article{lennon_krakowsky_goodman_flint-garcia_balint-kurti_2016, title={Identification of Alleles Conferring Resistance to Gray Leaf Spot in Maize Derived from its Wild Progenitor Species Teosinte}, volume={56}, ISSN={0011-183X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2014.07.0468}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2014.07.0468}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={1}, journal={Crop Science}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lennon, Jill R. and Krakowsky, Matthew and Goodman, Major and Flint-Garcia, Sherry and Balint-Kurti, Peter J.}, year={2016}, month={Jan}, pages={209–218} }
 @article{jones_goodman_krakowsky_2016, title={Identification of maize-derived dominant gametophyte factors}, volume={209}, ISSN={["1573-5060"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10681-016-1635-0}, number={1}, journal={EUPHYTICA}, author={Jones, Zachary G. and Goodman, Major M. and Krakowsky, Matthew D.}, year={2016}, month={May}, pages={63–69} }
 @article{jones_goodman_2016, title={Susceptibility of Dent-Sterile Popcorn to the Ga1-m Gametophyte Factor}, volume={56}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2016.02.0101}, abstractNote={The Ga1‐s allele is the foundation of dent‐sterile popcorn (Zea mays L. var. everta), where it is used as a genetic barrier to prevent pollen contamination, but its known genetic susceptibility to another allele at the same locus is problematic for the sustainability of Ga1‐s popcorn. The Ga1‐m allele overcomes the pollen barrier imparted by Ga1‐s, opening any system using it to potential contamination. The Ga1‐m allele, although previously thought rare, has been shown to be abundant in Mexican commercial maize (Z. mays L.), and has been identified in a US ex‐Plant Variety Protection (PVP) line. The requirement for specific evaluation to detect the allele, coupled with efforts to increase the genetic base of maize, create a considerable risk of the unintentional release of Ga1‐m‐carrying materials. Resistance to Ga1‐m has been previously identified, providing a possible way to eliminate the risk posed by Ga1‐m but comes in an unadapted sweetcorn background. Through field evaluation, we tested commercial and publically available popcorn for resistance to Ga1‐m, all of which were uniformly susceptible. There is, therefore, a need to identify and integrate Ga1‐m resistance into commercial popcorn inbred lines and hybrids. Although the use of existing Ga1‐m resistant sources is an option, background differences will likely be problematic for producing useable inbred lines. We suggest the use of molecular tools to aid in specific backcrossing of the Ga1‐m resistance allele or identification of Ga1‐m resistance in a popcorn background, for which we suggest an evolutionary‐based approach.}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Jones, Zachary G. and Goodman, Major M.}, year={2016}, pages={2594–2599} }
 @article{jones_goodman_krakowsky_2015, title={Identification of resistance to the Ga1-m gametophyte factor in maize}, volume={206}, ISSN={["1573-5060"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10681-015-1518-9}, number={3}, journal={EUPHYTICA}, author={Jones, Zachary G. and Goodman, Major M. and Krakowsky, Matthew D.}, year={2015}, month={Dec}, pages={785–791} }
 @article{lauer_bijl_grusak_baenziger_boote_lingle_carter_kaeppler_boerma_eizenga_et al._2012, title={The Scientific Grand Challenges of the 21st Century for the Crop Science Society of America}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2011.12.0668}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={3}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Lauer, Joseph G. and Bijl, Caron Gala and Grusak, Michael A. and Baenziger, P. Stephen and Boote, Ken and Lingle, Sarah and Carter, Thomas and Kaeppler, Shawn and Boerma, Roger and Eizenga, Georgia and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={1003–1010} }
 @article{heerwaarden_doebley_briggs_glaubitz_goodman_sanchez gonzalez_ross-ibarra_2011, title={Genetic signals of origin, spread, and introgression in a large sample of maize landraces}, volume={108}, ISSN={["0027-8424"]}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.1013011108}, abstractNote={
            The last two decades have seen important advances in our knowledge of maize domestication, thanks in part to the contributions of genetic data. Genetic studies have provided firm evidence that maize was domesticated from Balsas teosinte (
            Zea mays
            subspecies
            parviglumis
            ), a wild relative that is endemic to the mid- to lowland regions of southwestern Mexico. An interesting paradox remains, however: Maize cultivars that are most closely related to Balsas teosinte are found mainly in the Mexican highlands where subspecies
            parviglumis
            does not grow. Genetic data thus point to primary diffusion of domesticated maize from the highlands rather than from the region of initial domestication. Recent archeological evidence for early lowland cultivation has been consistent with the genetics of domestication, leaving the issue of the ancestral position of highland maize unresolved. We used a new SNP dataset scored in a large number of accessions of both teosinte and maize to take a second look at the geography of the earliest cultivated maize. We found that gene flow between maize and its wild relatives meaningfully impacts our inference of geographic origins. By analyzing differentiation from inferred ancestral gene frequencies, we obtained results that are fully consistent with current ecological, archeological, and genetic data concerning the geography of early maize cultivation.
          }, number={3}, journal={PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}, author={Heerwaarden, Joost and Doebley, John and Briggs, William H. and Glaubitz, Jeffrey C. and Goodman, Major M. and Sanchez Gonzalez, Jose de Jesus and Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey}, year={2011}, month={Jan}, pages={1088–1092} }
 @article{mcmullen_kresovich_villeda_bradbury_li_sun_flint-garcia_thornsberry_acharya_bottoms_et al._2009, title={Genetic properties of the maize nested association mapping population}, volume={325}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-68449094455&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1126/science.1174320}, abstractNote={Codifying Maize Modifications}, number={5941}, journal={Science}, author={McMullen, M.D. and Kresovich, S. and Villeda, H.S. and Bradbury, P. and Li, H. and Sun, Q. and Flint-Garcia, S. and Thornsberry, J. and Acharya, C. and Bottoms, C. and et al.}, year={2009}, pages={737–740} }
 @article{buckler_holland_bradbury_acharya_brown_browne_ersoz_flint-garcia_garcia_glaubitz_et al._2009, title={The Genetic Architecture of Maize Flowering Time}, volume={325}, ISSN={["1095-9203"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-68449083317&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1126/science.1174276}, abstractNote={Codifying Maize Modifications}, number={5941}, journal={SCIENCE}, author={Buckler, Edward S. and Holland, James B. and Bradbury, Peter J. and Acharya, Charlotte B. and Brown, Patrick J. and Browne, Chris and Ersoz, Elhan and Flint-Garcia, Sherry and Garcia, Arturo and Glaubitz, Jeffrey C. and et al.}, year={2009}, month={Aug}, pages={714–718} }
 @article{zwonitzer_bubeck_bhattramakki_goodman_arellano_balint-kurti_2009, title={Use of selection with recurrent backcrossing and QTL mapping to identify loci contributing to southern leaf blight resistance in a highly resistant maize line}, volume={118}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-61649093980&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-008-0949-2}, abstractNote={B73 is a historically important maize line with excellent yield potential but high susceptibility to the foliar disease southern leaf blight (SLB). NC292 and NC330 are B73 near-isogenic lines (NILs) that are highly resistant to SLB. They were derived by repeated backcrossing of an elite source of SLB resistance (NC250P) to B73, with selection for SLB resistance among and within backcross families. The goal of this paper was to characterize the loci responsible for the increased SLB resistance of NC292 and NC330 and to determine how many of the SLB disease resistance quantitative trait loci (dQTL) were selected for in the development of NC292 and NC330. Genomic regions that differentiated NC292 and NC330 from B73 and which may contribute to NC292 and NC330s enhanced SLB resistance were identified. Ten NC250P-derived introgressions were identified in both the NC292 and NC330 genomes of which eight were shared between genomes. dQTL were mapped in two F(2:3) populations derived from lines very closely related to the original parents of NC292 and NC330--(B73rhm1 x NC250A and NC250A x B73). Nine SLB dQTL were mapped in the combined populations using combined SLB disease data over all locations (SLB AllLocs). Of these, four dQTL precisely colocalized with NC250P introgressions in bins 2.05-2.06, 3.03, 6.01, and 9.02 and three were identified near NC250P introgressions in bins 1.09, 5.05-5.06, and 10.03. Therefore the breeding program used to develop NC292 and NC330 was highly effective in selecting for multiple SLB resistance alleles.}, number={5}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, publisher={Springer Science \mathplus Business Media}, author={Zwonitzer, John C. and Bubeck, David M. and Bhattramakki, Dinakar and Goodman, Major M. and Arellano, Consuelo and Balint-Kurti, Peter J.}, year={2009}, month={Mar}, pages={911–925} }
 @article{nelson_goodman_2008, title={Evaluation of elite exotic maize inbreds for use in temperate breeding}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2007.05.0287}, abstractNote={While maize (Zea mays L.) is a highly diverse species, this diversity is not well represented in U.S. maize production acreage. Increased genetic diversity can be obtained through breeding with exotic germplasm, especially tropical‐exotic sources. However, the pool of available tropical germplasm is large and diverse, making choices of tropical parents difficult. The maize breeding program at North Carolina State University has initiated a large‐scale screening effort to evaluate elite exotic maize inbreds, most of which are tropical‐exotic in origin. Here we report screening results for 88 inbreds obtained from various international breeding programs. These lines were tested in replicated yield trials in North Carolina as 50% exotic topcrosses by crossing them to a single‐cross U.S. tester of stiff‐stalk (SS) by non‐stiff‐stalk (NSS) origin. The more promising lines additionally entered 25% tropical topcrosses with SS and NSS testers and were further evaluated in yield‐trials. A handful of tropical inbred lines—CML10, CML108, CML157Q, CML274, CML341, CML343, and CML373—performed well overall. It was further determined that topcrossing to a single SS by NSS tester will suffice for initial screening purposes, allowing for elimination of the poorest performing lines. Topcrossing to additional SS and NSS testers may be of value when determining where, in terms of heterotic patterns, the better‐performing lines will fit into a breeding program.}, number={1}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Nelson, Paul T. and Goodman, Major M.}, year={2008}, pages={85–92} }
 @article{nelson_coles_holland_bubeck_smith_goodman_2008, title={Molecular characterization of maize inbreds with expired US plant variety protection}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-54949106977&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2008.02.0092}, abstractNote={Maize inbred lines with expired Plant Variety Protection Act (PVPA) certificates are publicly available and potentially represent a new germplasm resource for many public and private breeding programs. However, accurate pedigree and genetic background information for ex‐PVPA maize inbreds is necessary if they are to be effectively utilized in breeding efforts. We have used single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to evaluate the relationships and population structure among 92 ex‐PVPA inbred lines in relation to 17 well‐known public inbreds. Based on unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering, principal components analysis, and model‐based clustering, we identified six primary genetic clusters represented by the prominent inbred lines B73, Mo17, PH207, A632, Oh43, and B37. We also determined the genetic background of ex‐PVPA inbreds with conflicting, ambiguous, or undisclosed pedigrees. We assessed genetic diversity across subsets of ex‐PVPA lines and concluded that the ex‐PVPA lines are no more diverse than the public set evaluated here. Additionally, all alleles present in the ex‐PVPA inbreds, for the 614 SNPs included in this study, are also found in public temperate maize germplasm.}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Nelson, Paul T. and Coles, Nathan D. and Holland, James B. and Bubeck, David M. and Smith, Stephen and Goodman, Major M.}, year={2008}, pages={1673–1685} }
 @article{vigouroux_glaubitz_matsuoka_goodman_jesus sanchez_doebley_2008, title={POPULATION STRUCTURE AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF NEW WORLD MAIZE RACES ASSESSED BY DNA MICROSATELLITES}, volume={95}, ISSN={["0002-9122"]}, DOI={10.3732/ajb.0800097}, abstractNote={Because of the economic importance of maize and its scientific importance as a model system for studies of domestication, its evolutionary history is of general interest. We analyzed the population genetic structure of maize races by genotyping 964 individual plants, representing almost the entire set of ∼350 races native to the Americas, with 96 microsatellites. Using Bayesian clustering, we detected four main clusters consisting of highland Mexican, northern United States (US), tropical lowland, and Andean races. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the southwestern US was an intermediary stepping stone between Mexico and the northern US. Furthermore, southeastern US races appear to be of mixed northern flint and tropical lowland ancestry, while lowland middle South American races are of mixed Andean and tropical lowland ancestry. Several cases of post‐Columbian movement of races were detected, most notably from the US to South America. Of the four main clusters, the highest genetic diversity occurs in highland Mexican races, while diversity is lowest in the Andes and northern US. Isolation by distance appears to be the main factor underlying the historical diversification of maize. We identify highland Mexico and the Andes as potential sources of genetic diversity underrepresented among elite lines used in maize breeding programs.}, number={10}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY}, author={Vigouroux, Yves and Glaubitz, Jeffrey C. and Matsuoka, Yoshihiro and Goodman, Major M. and Jesus Sanchez, G. and Doebley, John}, year={2008}, month={Oct}, pages={1240–1253} }
 @article{jines_balint-kurti_robertson-hoyt_molnar_holland_goodman_2007, title={Mapping resistance to Southern rust in a tropical by temperate maize recombinant inbred topcross population}, volume={114}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33846813838&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-006-0466-0}, abstractNote={Southern rust, caused by Puccinia polysora Underw, is a foliar disease that can severely reduce grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.). Major resistance genes exist, but their effectiveness can be limited in areas where P. polysora is multi-racial. General resistance could be achieved by combining quantitative and race-specific resistances. This would be desirable if the resistance alleles maintained resistance across environments while not increasing plant maturity. Recombinant inbred (RI) lines were derived from a cross between NC300, a temperate-adapted all-tropical line, and B104, an Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic line. The RI lines were topcrossed to the tester FR615 x FR697. The 143 topcrosses were scored for Southern rust in four environments. Time to flowering was measured in two environments. The RI lines were genotyped at 113 simple sequence repeat markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were mapped for both traits. The entry mean heritability estimate for Southern rust resistance was 0.93. A multiple interval mapping model, including four QTL, accounted for 88% of the variation among average disease ratings. A major QTL located on the short arm of chromosome 10, explained 83% of the phenotypic variation, with the NC300 allele carrying the resistance. Significant (P < 0.001), but relatively minor, topcross-by-environment interaction occurred for Southern rust, and resulted from the interaction of the major QTL with the environment. Maturity and Southern rust rating were slightly correlated, but QTL for the two traits did not co-localize. Resistance was simply inherited in this population and the major QTL is likely a dominant resistant gene that is independent of plant maturity.}, number={4}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Jines, M. P. and Balint-Kurti, P. and Robertson-Hoyt, L. A. and Molnar, T. and Holland, J. B. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2007}, month={Feb}, pages={659–667} }
 @article{sanchez_goodman_stuber_2007, title={Racial diversity of maize in Brazil and adjacent areas}, volume={52}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Sanchez, J. J. and Goodman, M. M. and Stuber, C. W.}, year={2007}, pages={13–30} }
 @article{balint-kurti_krakowsky_jines_robertson_molnar_goodman_holland_2006, title={Identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to southern leaf blight and days to anthesis in a maize recombinant inbred line population}, volume={96}, ISSN={["1943-7684"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33749262148&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1094/PHYTO-96-1067}, abstractNote={ A recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between the maize lines NC300 (resistant) and B104 (susceptible) was evaluated for resistance to southern leaf blight (SLB) disease caused by Cochliobolus heterostrophus race O and for days to anthesis in four environments (Clayton, NC, and Tifton, GA, in both 2004 and 2005). Entry mean and average genetic correlations between disease ratings in different environments were high (0.78 to 0.89 and 0.9, respectively) and the overall entry mean heritability for SLB resistance was 0.89. When weighted mean disease ratings were fitted to a model using multiple interval mapping, seven potential quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified, the two strongest being on chromosomes 3 (bin 3.04) and 9 (bin 9.03–9.04). These QTL explained a combined 80% of the phenotypic variation for SLB resistance. Some time-point-specific SLB resistance QTL were also identified. There was no significant correlation between disease resistance and days to anthesis. Six putative QTL for time to anthesis were identified, none of which coincided with any SLB resistance QTL. }, number={10}, journal={PHYTOPATHOLOGY}, author={Balint-Kurti, P. J. and Krakowsky, M. D. and Jines, M. P. and Robertson, L. A. and Molnar, T. L. and Goodman, M. M. and Holland, J. B.}, year={2006}, month={Oct}, pages={1067–1071} }
 @article{thompson_goodman_2006, title={Increasing kernel density for two inbred lines of maize}, volume={46}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2006.02.0111}, abstractNote={Improving grain quality of maize (Zea mays L.), including endosperm hardness and density, is often a breeding objective. Dense seed is preferred by dry millers and for alkaline processing, and can command a price premium at market. This study attempted to increase kernel density in a backcrossing program for two inbreds of maize using two selection techniques, specific gravity of kernels and the percentage of sinking kernels in a salt solution (or sinkers). Two inbreds, B73G and A632, were crossed with synthetics exhibiting apparent high kernel density, and several generations of backcrossing and self‐pollination followed. Examples of mean comparisons of backcross‐derived inbreds with the recurrent parents, B73G and A632 are as follows: B73G–Specific gravity, 1.251 and 1.206; Sinkers, 62.3 and 14.9%; and A632–Specific gravity, 1.266 and 1.250; Sinkers 45.4 and 29.1%. Both the specific gravity and sinkers techniques were successful for increasing kernel density during backcrossing.}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Thompson, Donald L. and Goodman, Major M.}, year={2006}, pages={2179–2182} }
 @article{sanchez_goodman_bird_stuber_2006, title={Isozyme and morphological variation in maize of five Andean countries}, volume={51}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Sanchez, J. J. and Goodman, M. M. and Bird, R. M. and Stuber, C. W.}, year={2006}, pages={25–42} }
 @article{zhao_canaran_jurkuta_fulton_glaubitz_buckler_doebley_gaut_goodman_holland_et al._2006, title={Panzea: a database and resource for molecular and functional diversity in the maize genome}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1362-4962"]}, DOI={10.1093/nar/gkj011}, abstractNote={Serving as a community resource, Panzea () is the bioinformatics arm of the Molecular and Functional Diversity in the Maize Genome project. Maize, a classical model for genetic studies, is an important crop species and also the most diverse crop species known. On average, two randomly chosen maize lines have one single-nucleotide polymorphism every ∼100 bp; this divergence is roughly equivalent to the differences between humans and chimpanzees. This exceptional genotypic diversity underlies the phenotypic diversity maize needs to be cultivated in a wide range of environments. The Molecular and Functional Diversity in the Maize Genome project aims to understand how selection has shaped molecular diversity in maize and then relate molecular diversity to functional phenotypic variation. The project will screen 4000 loci for the signature of selection and create a wide range of maize and maize–teosinte mapping populations. These populations will be genotyped and phenotyped, permitting high-power and high-resolution dissection of the traits and relating the molecular diversity to functional variation. Panzea provides access to the genotype, phenotype and polymorphism data produced by the project through user-friendly web-based database searches and data retrieval/visualization tools, as well as a wide variety of information and services related to maize diversity.}, journal={NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH}, author={Zhao, Wei and Canaran, Payan and Jurkuta, Rebecca and Fulton, Theresa and Glaubitz, Jeffrey and Buckler, Edward and Doebley, John and Gaut, Brandon and Goodman, Major and Holland, Jim and et al.}, year={2006}, month={Jan}, pages={D752–D757} }
 @article{carson_goodman_2006, title={Pathogenicity, aggressiveness, and virulence of three species of Cercospora associated with gray leaf spot of maize}, volume={51}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Carson, M. L. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2006}, pages={89–92} }
 @article{buckler_goodman_holtsford_doebley_sanchez_2006, title={Phylogeography of the wild subspecies of Zea mays}, volume={51}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Buckler, E. S. and Goodman, M. M. and Holtsford, T. P. and Doebley, J. F. and Sanchez, J.}, year={2006}, pages={123–134} }
 @article{balint-kurti_blanco_millard_duvick_holland_clements_holley_carson_goodman_2006, title={Registration of 20 GEM maize breeding germplasm lines adapted to the southern USA}, volume={46}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.04-0013}, abstractNote={Twenty maize breeding germplasm lines were developed cooperatively by the USDA GEM (Germplasm Enhancement of Maize) project (Reg. no. GP-407 to GP-426, PI 639037 to PI 639056). These lines were developed by selfing and selecting variable F1s from variable source × US inbred crosses in North Carolina under standard nursery conditions, followed by a second selfing-selection season in Homestead, Florida, and a third selfing-selection season in a selection nursery in Raleigh (F2S2). The germplasm lines were selected on the basis of resistance to Fusarium ear rot (Gibberella moniliformis and Fusarium proliferatum) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum graminicola), resistance to lodging, early flowering, synchrony of silk and pollen production, and reduced plant and ear height. In trials conducted in 2001 and 2002, the germplasm lines recorded grain yields ranging from 11197 to 13596 kg/ha (compared with 11009 kg/ha for the control) and grain moisture content ranging from 185 to 212 g/kg (compared with 190 g/kg for the control).}, number={2}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, publisher={Crop Science Society of America}, author={Balint-Kurti, PJ and Blanco, M and Millard, M and Duvick, S and Holland, J and Clements, M and Holley, R and Carson, ML and Goodman, MM}, year={2006}, pages={996–998} }
 @article{carson_balint-kurti_blanco_millard_duvick_holley_hudyncia_goodman_2006, title={Registration of nine high-yielding tropical by temperate maize germplasm lines adapted for the southern USA}, volume={46}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005.08-0283 http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true{\&}db=agr{\&}AN=IND43883443{\&}site=ehost-live{\&}scope=site}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.08-0283}, abstractNote={Nine maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm lines have been developed by the USDA GEM (Germplasm Enhancement of Maize) project (Reg no. GP-501–509, PI 639497–639505, see Table 1). The GEM project is a cooperative research effort to facilitate the introduction of exotic maize germplasm into U.S. breeding programs. It involves most U.S. maize breeding companies and many public cooperators (Pollak, 2003; Pollak and Salhuana, 2001; Goodman, 1999; Goodman and Carson, 2000; Goodman et al., 2000). Replicated breeding trials coordinated by North Carolina State University as part of the GEM project, and conducted by several public and private GEM cooperators, have identified nine superior F2S2 germplasm lines (S2 lines derived from an F2 population) containing 50% tropical germplasm by pedigree. When topcrossed to sister-line crosses or foundation-seed inbreds, these germplasm lines have yielded well in North Carolina and other southern corn growing regions of the USA in comparison to commercial check hybrids (i.e., their yields were either significantly higher or not statistically significantly different from the yields of the commercial check hybrids). They also performed at least as well as commercial check hybrids by several other criteria enumerated below. Table 1 shows the GEM names designated for these sources alongside their previous identifiers. The source of the tropical germplasm involved in these nine novel germplasm lines is the Brazilian population PE1 (also known as BR51403). PE1 is a composite of varieties from the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The U.S. parent of the germplasm was a privately owned inbred line of the nonstiff stalk heterotic group. These germplasm lines were developed by selfing and selecting within variable F1s from crosses between the tropicalsource (i.e., different individuals from the PE1 population) and the U.S. inbred, in North Carolina under standard nursery conditions. F2 seed were bulked and used for a second selfing/ selection season in Homestead, FL. Nine hundred ninety F3 progenies, each derived from the self of a different F2 plant, were tested for per-se yield in unreplicated yield trials at the Sandhills Research Station in North Carolina in 1996. The top 10% were selected for further selfing and topcrossing in a winter nursery at Homestead, FL. All procedures were performed using ear-to-row methods (i.e., each row was planted with seeds from a single ear), except that F2 seeds planted at Homestead were bulked by pedigree (i.e., all the F2 seed from each tropical source 3 U.S. inbred were bulked). Germplasm lines were visually selected on the basis of resistance to lodging, early flowering, synchrony of silk and pollen production, and reduced plant and ear height. Topcross seed for initial yield trials were produced using the sister line cross FR992 3 FR1064 (provided by Illinois Foundation Seeds) as tester. These seed were used for yield trials in 15 test locations from Delaware to Georgia and as far west as Missouri over 2 yr (1997 and 1998). These states were Delaware (1 location), Georgia (3 locations), Kentucky (2 locations), Maryland (1 location), Missouri (2 locations), North Carolina (4 locations), Tennessee (1 location), Texas (1 location). The released germplasm lines were among the top performers in these tests. The seed moisture of the sources being registered was not significantly higher or was lower than the commercial hybrid check means in all cases and lodging was acceptable as well. These data are detailed in Table 1. Additional yield experiments were conducted with GEMS-0042, GEMS-0033, and GEMS-0037, top crossed to the stiff-stalk testers LH200 and LH244 and tested at several locations throughout the southern Corn Belt in 2001 and 2002. In these experiments the germplasm lines produced superior yields to elite hybrid checks, yielding between 9500 and 9800 kg ha compared with a hybrid check mean of 9390 kg ha21 (The checks in this case were Dekalb brand 687; Pioneer brands 30F33, 32K61, and 3165; NC320 3 T7; LH132 3 LH51 and LH200 3 LH262). In yield trials conducted in the mid-western Corn Belt (Iowa, Missouri, and Illinois) using LH200 and LH198 as testers, the yields of all of these germplasm lines were inferior to the hybrid check means. GEMS-0035 (8786 kg ha), GEMS-0039 (8704 kg ha), and GEMS-0042 (8604 kg ha) yielded best in top crosses with LH200, compared to the hybrid check mean of 9765 kg ha. (The checks in this case were Pioneer brands 31G98, 34B23, 33P66; LH198 3 LH185 and LH200 3 LH262). GEMS-0039 (9527 kg ha), GEMS-0036 (8817 kg ha) and GEMS-0037 (8786 kg ha21) yielded best in top crosses with LH198, compared with a hybrid check mean of 9602 kg ha. (The checks in this case were Pioneer brands 31G98, 34B23, 33P66; LH198 3 LH185 and LH200 3 LH262). These materials have a range of kernel colors; Orange and yellow (GEMS-0040), orange (GEMS-0037), yellow and yellow cap (GEMS-0036 and GEMS-0042), yellow cap (GEMS0035) and yellow (all others). A range of kernel textures are}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Carson, M. L. and Balint-Kurti, P. J. and Blanco, M. and Millard, M. and Duvick, S. and Holley, R. and Hudyncia, J. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2006}, pages={1825–1826} }
 @article{hawbaker_goodman_2006, title={Resistance of temperately adapted tropical inbred lines and testcrosses to three important maize pathogens}, volume={51}, number={1}, journal={Maydica}, author={Hawbaker, M. S. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2006}, pages={135–139} }
 @article{nelson_jines_goodman_2006, title={Selecting among available, elite tropical maize inbreds for use in long-term temperate breeding}, volume={51}, number={2}, journal={Maydica}, author={Nelson, P. T. and Jines, M. P. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2006}, pages={255–262} }
 @article{goodman_2005, title={Broadening the U.S. maize germplasm base}, volume={50}, ISBN={0025-6153}, number={3}, journal={Maydica}, author={Goodman, M. M.}, year={2005}, pages={203} }
 @article{flint-garcia_thuillet_yu_pressoir_romero_mitchell_doebley_kresovich_goodman_buckler_2005, title={Maize association population: a high-resolution platform for quantitative trait locus dissection}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1365-313X"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02591.x}, abstractNote={Summary}, number={6}, journal={PLANT JOURNAL}, author={Flint-Garcia, SA and Thuillet, AC and Yu, JM and Pressoir, G and Romero, SM and Mitchell, SE and Doebley, J and Kresovich, S and Goodman, MM and Buckler, ES}, year={2005}, month={Dec}, pages={1054–1064} }
 @article{goodman_2004, title={Developing temperate inbreds using tropical maize germplasm: Rationale, results, conclusions}, volume={49}, number={3}, journal={Maydica}, author={Goodman, M. M.}, year={2004}, pages={209–219} }
 @article{wilson_whitt_ibanez_rocheford_goodman_buckler_2004, title={Dissection of maize kernel composition and starch production by candidate gene association}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1532-298X"]}, DOI={10.1105/tpc.104.025700}, abstractNote={Cereal starch production forms the basis of subsistence for much of the world's human and domesticated animal populations. Starch concentration and composition in the maize (Zea mays ssp mays) kernel are complex traits controlled by many genes. In this study, an association approach was used to evaluate six maize candidate genes involved in kernel starch biosynthesis: amylose extender1 (ae1), brittle endosperm2 (bt2), shrunken1 (sh1), sh2, sugary1, and waxy1. Major kernel composition traits, such as protein, oil, and starch concentration, were assessed as well as important starch composition quality traits, including pasting properties and amylose levels. Overall, bt2, sh1, and sh2 showed significant associations for kernel composition traits, whereas ae1 and sh2 showed significant associations for starch pasting properties. ae1 and sh1 both associated with amylose levels. Additionally, haplotype analysis of sh2 suggested this gene is involved in starch viscosity properties and amylose content. Despite starch concentration being only moderately heritable for this particular panel of diverse maize inbreds, high resolution was achieved when evaluating these starch candidate genes, and diverse alleles for breeding and further molecular analysis were identified.}, number={10}, journal={PLANT CELL}, author={Wilson, LM and Whitt, SR and Ibanez, AM and Rocheford, TR and Goodman, MM and Buckler, ES}, year={2004}, month={Oct}, pages={2719–2733} }
 @article{herrera-cabrera_castillo-gonzalez_sanchez-gonzalez_hernandez-casillas_ortega-pazkca_goodman_2004, title={Diversity of Chalqueno maize}, volume={38}, number={2}, journal={Agrociencia}, author={Herrera-Cabrera, B. E. and Castillo-Gonzalez, F. and Sanchez-Gonzalez, J. J. and Hernandez-Casillas, J. M. and Ortega-Pazkca, R. A. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2004}, pages={191–206} }
 @article{goodman_2004, title={Plant breeding requirements for applied molecular biology}, volume={44}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2004.1913}, abstractNote={Crop ScienceVolume 44, Issue 6 p. 1913-1914 Symposium on Genomics and Plant Breeding: The Experience of the Initiative for Future Agricultural and Food System Plant Breeding Requirements for Applied Molecular Biology Major M. Goodman, Corresponding Author Major M. Goodman maize_resources@ncsu.edu Dep. of Crop Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695Corresponding author (maize_resources@ncsu.edu)Search for more papers by this author Major M. Goodman, Corresponding Author Major M. Goodman maize_resources@ncsu.edu Dep. of Crop Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC, 27695Corresponding author (maize_resources@ncsu.edu)Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 November 2004 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.1913Citations: 23Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume44, Issue6November–December 2004Pages 1913-1914 RelatedInformation}, number={6}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Goodman, MM}, year={2004}, pages={1913–1914} }
 @article{tarter_goodman_holland_2004, title={Recovery of exotic alleles in semiexotic maize inbreds derived from crosses between Latin American accessions and a temperate line}, volume={109}, ISSN={["0040-5752"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-004-1660-6}, abstractNote={Genetic diversity of elite maize germplasm in the United States is narrow relative to the species worldwide. Tropical maize represents the most diverse source of germplasm. To incorporate germplasm from tropical maize landraces into the temperate gene pool, 23 Latin American maize accessions were crossed to temperate inbred line Mo44. During inbred line development, selection was practiced in temperate environments, potentially resulting in the loss of substantial proportions of tropical alleles. Genotyping 161 semiexotic inbreds at 51 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci permitted the classification of their alleles as either Mo44 or tropical and allowed estimation of the proportion of detectable tropical alleles retained in these lines. On average, the percentage of detectable tropical alleles ranged among lines from 15% to 56%, with a mean of 31%. These are conservative, lower-bound estimates of the proportion of tropical germplasm within lines, because it is not known how frequently Mo44 and the tropical maize accession parental populations shared SSR alleles. These results suggest that substantial proportions of exotic germplasm were recovered in the semiexotic lines, despite their selection in temperate environments. The percent of tropical germplasm in semiexotic lines was not correlated to grain yield or moisture of lines testcrossed to a Corn Belt Dent tester, indicating that the incorporation of a substantial percentage of tropical germplasm in an inbred line does not necessarily negatively impact its combining ability. Thus, tropical maize accessions represent a good source of exotic germplasm to broaden the genetic base of temperate maize without hindering agronomic performance.}, number={3}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Tarter, JA and Goodman, MM and Holland, JB}, year={2004}, month={Aug}, pages={609–617} }
 @article{liu_goodman_muse_smith_buckler_doebley_2003, title={Genetic structure and diversity among maize inbred lines as inferred from DNA microsatellites}, volume={165}, number={4}, journal={Genetics}, author={Liu, K. J. and Goodman, M. and Muse, S. and Smith, J. S. and Buckler, E. and Doebley, J.}, year={2003}, pages={2117–2128} }
 @article{lewis_goodman_2003, title={Incorporation of tropical maize germplasm into inbred lines derived from temperate x temperate-adapted tropical line crosses: agronomic and molecular assessment}, volume={107}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00122-003-1341-x}, abstractNote={Exotic maize ( Zea mays L.) germplasm may allow for increased flexibility and greater long-term progress from selection if it can be incorporated at high rates into U.S. breeding programs. Crosses were made between a temperate line, NC262A, and each of eight different lines consisting of 100% temperate-adapted tropical germplasm. Pedigree selection was used to generate a set of 148 F(5)S(2) lines that were evaluated in testcrosses with FR992/FR1064 in nine North Carolina environments. Several entries had grain yield, grain moisture content and standability that were comparable to three commercial checks. The best testcrosses outyielded the cross NC262A x FR992/FR1064 by 9.5 to 10.9%, suggesting that a significant amount of tropical germplasm was retained in these lines and that this germplasm combined well with the Stiff Stalk tester. Previous researchers had suggested that tropical alleles could be rapidly lost during inbreeding in populations derived from tropical x temperate bi-parental crosses, leading to the development of lines that possess significantly less than 50% tropical germplasm. F(5)S(5) sub-lines corresponding to the 14 best testcrosses were genotyped at 47 to 49 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci across all ten chromosomes to estimate the amount of tropical germplasm that was retained. The estimated genetic contribution from the tropical parent ranged from 32 to 70%, with the average being 49%. Only two of the 14 lines deviated significantly from a 50%-tropical/50%-temperate ratio, suggesting limited overall selection against germplasm from the tropical parents. These experiments collectively demonstrated that tropical maize germplasm can be incorporated at high rates into a temperate line via pedigree breeding methods in order to derive new inbred lines with acceptable agronomic performance.}, number={5}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Lewis, RS and Goodman, MM}, year={2003}, month={Sep}, pages={798–805} }
 @article{tarter_goodman_holland_2003, title={Testcross performance of semiexotic inbred lines derived from Latin American maize accessions}, volume={43}, ISSN={["1435-0653"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2003.2272}, abstractNote={Tropical maize (Zea mays L.) represents the most diverse readily available source of germplasm to broaden the limited genetic base of temperate maize in the USA. One objective of this study was to determine if exotic‐derived alleles contributing to enhanced testcross agronomic performance were maintained in semiexotic lines created by inbreeding and pedigree selection. A second objective was to determine if first‐generation semiexotic lines could produce hybrids with agronomic performance comparable to commercial U.S. hybrids. One hundred sixty‐four semiexotic inbred lines were developed from crosses between temperate‐adapted inbred line Mo44 and 23 Latin American maize accessions. Mo44 and each semiexotic line were testcrossed to temperate hybrid LH132 × LH51 for evaluations. In first‐stage replicated yield trials, testcrosses of 18 semiexotic lines, representing six different races, had significantly greater grain yields than the Mo44 testcross. Advanced yield evaluations were performed on check entries and 33 selected semiexotic line testcrosses in three additional environments. Across 10 environments, 12 semiexotic line testcrosses exhibited significantly greater grain yield than the Mo44 testcross, indicating recovery of favorable exotic alleles. Semiexotic testcrosses were not competitive with commercial hybrids for grain yield but were similar to or better than commercial hybrids for grain moisture and lodging resistance. Many superior accessions represent relatively recent introductions into regions from which they were collected. Tropical landraces seem to be a good source of exotic germplasm that can be used to broaden the genetic base of modern U.S. maize production and improve productivity.}, number={6}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Tarter, JA and Goodman, MM and Holland, JB}, year={2003}, pages={2272–2278} }
 @article{matsuoka_vigouroux_goodman_sanchez_buckler_doebley_2002, title={A single domestication for maize shown by multilocus microsatellite genotyping}, volume={99}, ISSN={["0027-8424"]}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.052125199}, abstractNote={There exists extraordinary morphological and genetic diversity among the maize landraces that have been developed by pre-Columbian cultivators. To explain this high level of diversity in maize, several authors have proposed that maize landraces were the products of multiple independent domestications from their wild relative (teosinte). We present phylogenetic analyses based on 264 individual plants, each genotyped at 99 microsatellites, that challenge the multiple-origins hypothesis. Instead, our results indicate that all maize arose from a single domestication in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago. Our analyses also indicate that the oldest surviving maize types are those of the Mexican highlands with maize spreading from this region over the Americas along two major paths. Our phylogenetic work is consistent with a model based on the archaeological record suggesting that maize diversified in the highlands of Mexico before spreading to the lowlands. We also found only modest evidence for postdomestication gene flow from teosinte into maize.}, number={9}, journal={PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}, author={Matsuoka, Y and Vigouroux, Y and Goodman, MM and Sanchez, GJ and Buckler, E and Doebley, J}, year={2002}, month={Apr}, pages={6080–6084} }
 @article{buckler_doebley_gaut_goodman_kresovich_muse_weir_2002, title={Evolutionary genomics of maize}, number={76}, journal={Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter}, author={Buckler, E. and Doebley, J. and Gaut, B. and Goodman, M. and Kresovich, S. and Muse, S. and Weir, B.}, year={2002}, pages={86} }
 @article{matsuoka_mitchell_kresovich_goodman_doebley_2002, title={Microsatellites in Zea - variability, patterns of mutations, and use for evolutionary studies}, volume={104}, ISSN={["1432-2242"]}, DOI={10.1007/s001220100694}, abstractNote={To evaluate the performance of microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) for evolutionary studies in Zea, 46 microsatellite loci originally derived from maize were applied to diverse arrays of populations that represent all the diploid species of Zea and 101 maize inbreds. Although null phenotypes and amplification of more than two alleles per plant were observed at modest rates, no practical obstacle was encountered for applying maize microsatellites to other Zea species. Sequencing of microsatellite alleles revealed complex patterns of mutation including frequent indels in the regions flanking microsatellite repeats. In one case, all variation at a microsatellite locus came from indels in the flanking region rather than in the repeat motif. Maize microsatellites show great variability within populations and provide a reliable means to measure intraspecific variation. Phylogeographic relationships of Zea populations were successfully reconstructed with good resolution using a genetic distance based on the infinite allele model, indicating that microsatellite loci are useful in evolutionary studies in Zea. Microsatellite loci show a principal division between tropical and temperate inbred lines, and group inbreds within these two broad germplasm groups in a manner that is largely consistent with their known pedigrees.}, number={2-3}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Matsuoka, Y and Mitchell, SE and Kresovich, S and Goodman, M and Doebley, J}, year={2002}, month={Feb}, pages={436–450} }
 @article{carson_goodman_williamson_2002, title={Variation in aggressiveness among isolates of Cercospora from maize as a potential cause of genotype-environment interaction in gray leaf spot trials}, volume={86}, ISSN={["1943-7692"]}, DOI={10.1094/PDIS.2002.86.10.1089}, abstractNote={ The use of genetically resistant maize hybrids is the preferred means of control of gray leaf spot, caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis. One problem faced by maize breeders attempting to breed for resistance to gray leaf spot is the high degree of genotype-environment interactions observed in disease trials. In North Carolina gray leaf spot trials conducted at four locations in the western part of the state, we found consistent hybrid-location interactions over the 1995 and 1996 growing seasons. Isolates of C. zeae-maydis from those test locations were evaluated on the same hybrids used in the multilocation testing at a location in central North Carolina that does not have a history of gray leaf spot. The hybrid-isolate interactions observed in the isolate trial mirrored the hybrid-location effects seen in the multilocation testing. Most of the interactions arose from changes in the magnitude of differences between hybrids when inoculated with the isolates rather than from any change in hybrid ranking. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and mitochondrial rDNA RFLPs of those isolates and others revealed that both type I and type II sibling species of C. zeae-maydis, as well as C. sorghi var. maydis, are isolated from typical gray leaf spot lesions. Breeders should use the most aggressive isolates of C. zeae-maydis to maximize discrimination between genotypes in gray leaf spot trials. }, number={10}, journal={PLANT DISEASE}, author={Carson, ML and Goodman, MM and Williamson, SM}, year={2002}, month={Oct}, pages={1089–1093} }
 @article{thornsberry_goodman_doebley_kresovich_nielsen_buckler_2001, title={Dwarf8 polymorphisms associate with variation in flowering time}, volume={28}, ISSN={1061-4036 1546-1718}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/90135}, DOI={10.1038/90135}, abstractNote={Historically, association tests have been used extensively in medical genetics, but have had virtually no application in plant genetics. One obstacle to their application is the structured populations often found in crop plants, which may lead to nonfunctional, spurious associations. In this study, statistical methods to account for population structure were extended for use with quantitative variation and applied to our evaluation of maize flowering time. Mutagenesis and quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies suggested that the maize gene Dwarf8 might affect the quantitative variation of maize flowering time and plant height. The wheat orthologs of this gene contributed to the increased yields seen in the 'Green Revolution' varieties. We used association approaches to evaluate Dwarf8 sequence polymorphisms from 92 maize inbred lines. Population structure was estimated using a Bayesian analysis of 141 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. Our results indicate that a suite of polymorphisms associate with differences in flowering time, which include a deletion that may alter a key domain in the coding region. The distribution of nonsynonymous polymorphisms suggests that Dwarf8 has been a target of selection.}, number={3}, journal={Nature Genetics}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Thornsberry, Jeffry M. and Goodman, Major M. and Doebley, John and Kresovich, Stephen and Nielsen, Dahlia and Buckler, Edward S.}, year={2001}, month={Jul}, pages={286–289} }
 @article{remington_thornsberry_matsuoka_wilson_whitt_doeblay_kresovich_goodman_buckler_2001, title={Structure of linkage disequilibrium and phenotypic associations in the maize genome}, volume={98}, ISSN={["0027-8424"]}, DOI={10.1073/pnas.201394398}, abstractNote={
            Association studies based on linkage disequilibrium (LD) can
 provide high resolution for identifying genes that may contribute to
 phenotypic variation. We report patterns of local and genome-wide LD in
 102 maize inbred lines representing much of the worldwide genetic
 diversity used in maize breeding, and address its implications for
 association studies in maize. In a survey of six genes, we found that
 intragenic LD generally declined rapidly with distance
 (
            r
            2
            < 0.1 within 1500 bp), but rates
 of decline were highly variable among genes. This rapid decline
 probably reflects large effective population sizes in maize during its
 evolution and high levels of recombination within genes. A set of 47
 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci showed stronger evidence of
 genome-wide LD than did single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in
 candidate genes. LD was greatly reduced but not eliminated by grouping
 lines into three empirically determined subpopulations. SSR data also
 supplied evidence that divergent artificial selection on flowering time
 may have played a role in generating population structure. Provided the
 effects of population structure are effectively controlled, this
 research suggests that association studies show great promise for
 identifying the genetic basis of important traits in maize with very
 high resolution.
          }, number={20}, journal={PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}, author={Remington, DL and Thornsberry, JM and Matsuoka, Y and Wilson, LM and Whitt, SR and Doeblay, J and Kresovich, S and Goodman, MM and Buckler, ES}, year={2001}, month={Sep}, pages={11479–11484} }
 @article{eberhart_goodman_yeutter_senior_2000, title={Charles W. Stuber - A laudation}, volume={45}, number={3}, journal={Maydica}, author={Eberhart, S. A. and Goodman, M. and Yeutter, C. and Senior, L.}, year={2000}, pages={151–161} }
 @article{sanchez_goodman_stuber_2000, title={Isozymatic and morphological diversity in the races of maize of Mexico}, volume={54}, ISSN={["1874-9364"]}, DOI={10.1007/BF02866599}, number={1}, journal={ECONOMIC BOTANY}, author={Sanchez, JJ and Goodman, MM and Stuber, CW}, year={2000}, pages={43–59} }
 @article{sanchez_stuber_goodman_2000, title={Isozymatic diversity in the races of maize of the Americas}, volume={45}, number={3}, journal={Maydica}, author={Sanchez, J. J. and Stuber, C. W. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2000}, pages={185–203} }
 @inbook{tallury_goodman_2000, title={The state of the use of maize genetic diversity in the USA and sub-Saharan Africa}, ISBN={0851994113}, DOI={10.1079/9780851994116.0159}, booktitle={Broadening the genetic bases of crop production}, publisher={New York : CABI Pub}, author={Tallury, S. P. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={2000}, pages={159} }
 @article{goodman_moreno_castillo_holley_carson_2000, title={Using tropical maize germplasm for temperate breeding}, volume={45}, number={3}, journal={Maydica}, author={Goodman, M. M. and Moreno, J. and Castillo, F. and Holley, R. N. and Carson, M. L.}, year={2000}, pages={221–234} }
 @article{ji_stelly_de donato_goodman_williams_1999, title={A candidate recombination modifier gene for Zea mays L.}, volume={151}, number={2}, journal={Genetics}, author={Ji, Y. F. and Stelly, D. M. and De Donato, M. and Goodman, M. M. and Williams, C. G.}, year={1999}, pages={821–830} }
 @article{tallury_goodman_1999, title={Experimental evaluation of the potential of tropical germplasm for temperate maize improvement}, volume={98}, ISSN={["0040-5752"]}, DOI={10.1007/s001220051039}, number={1}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Tallury, SP and Goodman, MM}, year={1999}, month={Jan}, pages={54–61} }
 @article{ruiz_sanchez_goodman_1998, title={Base temperature and heat unit requirement of 49 Mexican maize races}, volume={43}, number={4}, journal={Maydica}, author={Ruiz, J. A. and Sanchez, J. J. and Goodman, M. M.}, year={1998}, pages={277–282} }
 @article{holland_uhr_jeffers_goodman_1998, title={Inheritance of resistance to southern corn rust in tropical by corn-belt maize populations}, volume={96}, ISSN={["0040-5752"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031956880&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s001220050732}, number={2}, journal={THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS}, author={Holland, JB and Uhr, DV and Jeffers, D and Goodman, MM}, year={1998}, month={Feb}, pages={232–241} }
 @article{senior_murphy_goodman_stuber_1998, title={Utility of SSRs for determining genetic similarities and relationships in maize using an agarose gel system}, volume={38}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800040034x}, abstractNote={Among maize (Zea maize L.) breeders, there is a heightened awareness of the necessity for both maintaining genetic diversity for crop improvement and improving the quality of genetic resource management. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and isozymes can serve as genetic markers for estimating divergence or diversity; however, the limited number of polymorphic isozyme loci available and the labor intensive and time consuming nature of RFLPs make their use for this purpose prohibitive. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs), when resolved using agarose gels, may be a viable and costeffective alternative to RFLPs and isozymes. Ninety‐four elite maize inbred lines, representative of the genetic diversity among lines derived from the Corn Belt Dent and Southern Dent maize races, were assayed for polymorphism at 70 SSR marker loci using agarose gels. The 365 alleles identified served as raw data for estimating genetic similarities among these lines. The patterns of genetic divergence revealed by the SSR polymorphisms were consistent with known pedigrees. A cluster analysis placed the inbred lines in nine clusters that correspond to major heterotic groups or market classes for North American maize. A unique fingerprint for each inbred line could be obtained from as few as five SSR loci. The utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based markers such as SSRs for measuring genetic diversity, for assigning lines to heterotic groups and for genetic fingerprinting equals or exceeds that of RFLP markers, a property that may prove a valuable asset for a maize breeding program.}, number={4}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Senior, ML and Murphy, JP and Goodman, MM and Stuber, CW}, year={1998}, pages={1088–1098} }
 @article{hawbaker_hill_goodman_1997, title={Application of recurrent selection for low grain moisture content at harvest in tropical maize}, volume={37}, ISSN={["0011-183X"]}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700050040x}, abstractNote={Late maturity and high grain moisture content at harvest have been major limitations to the use of tropical maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm in temperate regions. The objective of this study was to determine if selection for reduced grain moisture content at harvest in a tropical maize population indirectly influenced grain yield potential. Two hundred sixteen temperately‐adapted S4 lines were derived in 1991 at Raleigh, NC, from Cycle 9 of recurrent phenotypic selection for reduced grain moisture at harvest in the tropical maize population TROPHY, and these were testcrossed in 1992 at Raleigh, NC, to the temperate hybrid B73Ht × Mo17Ht. Selected subsets of these testcrosses were evaluated for their agronomic potential in seven environments over two years, and their performance was compared with that of Cycle 0 S0 testcrosses as well as three public and three commercial F1 hybrids. Selected Cycle 9 S4 testcrosses had higher mean grain yield (7.14 Mg ha‒1) and lower mean grain moisture at harvest (184 g kg−1) than the Cycle 0 So testcrosses (6.77 Mg ha−1, and 189 g kg−1 respectively). The highest yielding Cycle 9 S4 testcrosses were comparable to the commercial hybrid LH132 × LH51. This study supported the conclusion that ergonomically competitive inbred lines with acceptable grain moisture content at harvest can be derived from 100% tropical germplasm.}, number={5}, journal={CROP SCIENCE}, author={Hawbaker, MS and Hill, WS and Goodman, MM}, year={1997}, pages={1650–1655} }
 @article{goodman_goodman_beattie_1995, title={Seed survival after very early harvesting}, number={69}, journal={Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter}, author={Goodman, M. M. and Goodman, S. D. and Beattie, D.}, year={1995}, pages={118} }
 @inbook{goodman_1994, title={Racial sampling and identification in maize: Quantitative genetic variation versus environmental effects}, ISBN={0813383757}, booktitle={Corn and culture in the prehistoric New World}, publisher={Boulder, Colo. : Westview Press, Inc}, author={Goodman, M. M.}, editor={S. Johannessen and Hastorf, C. A.Editors}, year={1994}, pages={89} }
 @article{goodman_hernandez_1991, title={Latin America maize collections: A case for urgent action}, volume={7}, number={1-2}, journal={Diversity}, author={Goodman, M. M. and Hernandez, J. M.}, year={1991}, pages={87} }
 @article{goodman_1990, title={GENETIC AND GERM PLASM STOCKS WORTH CONSERVING}, volume={81}, ISSN={["1465-7333"]}, DOI={10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a110919}, abstractNote={The relative costs and benefits of genetic stock collections and germ plasm collections are discussed. The status of national and international collections is compared with the needs of plant breeders and geneticists. There is an international need for germ plasm systems that emphasize the use and employment of materials rather than acquisition and storage. For base collections to function, they must provide for regeneration, characterization, documentation, and evaluation of their materials. The quality of a germ plasm system should be judged on the basis of the quality of the materials available to scientists. Adequate quantities of high-quality seed that are of known provenience, spanning the range of known genetic diversity, promptly delivered, and well described constitute the minimum that should be expected. All too often such minimal requirements are not met.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF HEREDITY}, author={GOODMAN, MM}, year={1990}, pages={11–16} }