@article{ricca_patskoski_mahinthakumar_2020, title={Reducing error in water distribution network simulations with field measurements}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2324-9676"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85078871230&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/23249676.2020.1719218}, abstractNote={Reduction of error in water distribution network (WDN) models leads to simulations that are more representative of actual network conditions and allows for more realistic system responses. Technological improvements have resulted in data collection becoming more prevalent in WDNs. This study quantifies the reduction in model error when considering demand uncertainty by incorporating pressure reducing valve (PRV) monitoring, operational monitoring, and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system data. Model implementation procedures were developed for each of these data types. For this study, outputs obtained by the modeling software EPANET for a WDN model built with hourly measured demands were treated as actual network observations. Pressures simulated by the network model that incorporated all three types of data had less error than pressures simulated by a base model representative of what water managers would use without access to this data. Model improvement varies both spatially and temporally.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED WATER ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH}, author={Ricca, Henry and Patskoski, Jason and Mahinthakumar, Gnanamanikam}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={15–27} }
 @article{ricca_aravinthan_mahinthakumar_2019, title={Modeling chloramine decay in full-scale drinking water supply systems}, volume={91}, ISSN={["1554-7531"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85064979925&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/wer.1046}, abstractNote={Chloramines are commonly used as secondary disinfectants in drinking water treatment, providing a residual for disinfection as drinking water moves to consumers. Chloramines are inherently unstable, undergoing autodecomposition reactions even in the absence of reactive substances. In the presence of natural organic matter (NOM), chloramine loss accelerates due to additional reaction pathways. In this study, batch reaction models for chloramine loss due to autodecomposition and the presence of NOM were developed. A case study was carried out for the Town of Cary, North Carolina. A hydraulic model of Cary's distribution system was developed and calibrated using the EPANET toolkit with operational and water demand data supplied by Cary. Then, water age from the hydraulic model was used together with the batch model of chloramine decay to successfully predict chloramine concentrations spatially and temporally throughout the network. The capabilities of the EPANET-MSX toolkit to model chloramine loss in a distribution network are explored. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A batch reaction model of chloramine decay over time due to autodecomposition reactions and additional reactions with NOM was developed and validated. A hydraulic model of the Town of Cary's water distribution network was developed and calibrated using operational and water demand data. Water age reported by the calibrated hydraulic model was used in conjunction with the batch reaction model of chloramine decay to successfully predict chloramine concentrations spatially and temporally throughout the network.}, number={5}, journal={WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH}, author={Ricca, Henry and Aravinthan, Vasanthadevi and Mahinthakumar, Gnanamanikam}, year={2019}, month={May}, pages={441–454} }