@misc{herrmann_sanchez_2023, title={Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Allergen-Specific Immuno-Therapy in Horses with Allergic Cutaneous and Respiratory Diseases-A Systematic Review}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2306-7381"]}, DOI={10.3390/vetsci10100613}, abstractNote={Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only current intervention that has the ability to modify the immune response toward a tolerogenic state. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of AIT in horses with allergic diseases in a systematic manner. Three databases were searched to identify articles reporting clinical outcomes and adverse events associated with AIT. The articles were evaluated for beneficial responses to AIT, defined as a ≥50% reduction in clinical signs, and clinical remission. Horses with respiratory diseases, urticaria, and pruritic dermatitis receiving insect monotherapy or multi-allergen AIT were included. All adverse events were graded, and analytical and confounding biases were assessed. The results showed that multi-allergen AIT had a beneficial response in 75% of horses with respiratory diseases, 88% with urticaria, and 56% with pruritic dermatitis. However, horses treated solely with insect AIT for pruritic dermatitis had a lower response rate (36%). Self-limiting local reactions were the most common adverse events, with systemic reactions grade II accounting for 11% of reported events. Analytical and confounding biases were identified as major limitations in the available studies. Further research is needed to address these biases and provide stronger evidence on the efficacy and safety of AIT in horses with allergic diseases.}, number={10}, journal={VETERINARY SCIENCES}, author={Herrmann, Ina and Sanchez, Adrianna Jordan}, year={2023}, month={Oct} }
 @article{herrmann_mamo_holmes_mohammed_murphy_bizikova_2022, title={Long-term effects of ciclosporin and oclacitinib on mediators of tolerance, regulatory T-cells, IL-10 and TGF-beta, in dogs with atopic dermatitis}, ISSN={["1365-3164"]}, DOI={10.1111/vde.13140}, abstractNote={AbstractBackgroundAtopic dogs often are managed with allergen‐specific immunotherapy (AIT) and concurrent dosages of ciclosporin (CSA) or oclacitinib to alleviate their clinical signs. Both drugs might affect proper tolerance induction by inhibiting regulatory T‐cell (Treg) induction.Hypothesis/ObjectivesWe evaluated Treg cell numbers and serum interleukin (IL)‐10 and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β)1 levels in dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD) and successfully treated with either CSA or oclacitinib for nine or more months.AnimalsWe included 15 dogs receiving oclacitinib, 14 dogs treated with CSA, 15 healthy dogs, 13 dogs with untreated moderate‐to‐severe AD and 15 atopic dogs controlled with AIT.Materials and MethodsPeripheral blood CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T‐cell percentages were determined using flow cytometry. Serum concentrations of IL‐10 and TGF‐β1 were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe percentage of Treg cells in the CSA group was significantly lower in comparison with the healthy group (p = 0.0003), the nontreated AD group (p = 0.0056) or the AIT group (p = 0.0186). There was no significant difference in Treg cell percentages between the CSA and oclacitinib groups, nor between the oclacitinib and the healthy, nontreated AD or AIT‐treated dogs. No significant differences were detected in IL‐10 and TGF‐β1 serum concentrations between the five groups.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceLower Treg cell percentages in the CSA‐treated dogs suggest an impact of this drug on this cell population; however, it does not necessarily mean that it diminishes tolerance. Functionality and cytokine production may be more important than the number of Treg cells. Further studies evaluating the treatment outcome of dogs receiving AIT and concurrent drugs are needed to show clinical relevance.}, journal={VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY}, author={Herrmann, Ina and Mamo, Lisa B. and Holmes, Jenny and Mohammed, Javid P. and Murphy, K. Marcia and Bizikova, Petra}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{herrmann_linder_meurs_friedenberg_cullen_olby_bizikova_2021, title={Canine junctional epidermolysis bullosa due to a novel mutation in LAMA3 with severe upper respiratory involvement}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1365-3164"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12972}, DOI={10.1111/vde.12972}, abstractNote={BackgroundJunctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a group of congenital blistering skin diseases characterized by clefting through the lamina lucida of the basement membrane zone.ObjectivesTo characterize the clinical and morphological features of a congenital mechanobullous disease in a litter of puppies with severe upper respiratory involvement, and to identify an associated genetic variant.AnimalsFive of eight puppies in an Australian cattle dog cross‐bred litter showed signs of skin fragility. Three were stillborn and one died at one month of age. The two surviving puppies were presented with blistering skin disease and severe respiratory distress. Additionally, one unaffected sibling was examined and blood was obtained for genetic testing.Methods and materialsPost‐mortem examination, histopathological evaluation and electron microscopy were performed. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of one affected puppy was compared to a database of 522 dogs of 55 different breeds for variant analysis. Sanger sequencing of one additional affected and one unaffected sibling confirmed the variant.ResultsClinically, severe mucocutaneous ulcers occurred in frictional areas with claw sloughing. Histopathological results revealed subepidermal clefts and electron microscopy confirmed the split in the lamina lucida. Post‐mortem examination documented extensive pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions with granulation tissue and fibrinous exudate obscuring the airway. Moderate tracheal hypoplasia contributed. The WGS revealed a novel missense variant in the laminin α3‐chain XP_537297.2p(Asp2867Val), with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.Conclusions and clinical relevanceA novel variant in LAMA3 caused a generalized and severe phenotype of JEB with an unique clinical presentation of upper airway obstruction.}, number={4}, journal={VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY}, author={Herrmann, Ina and Linder, Keith E. and Meurs, Kathryn M. and Friedenberg, Steven G. and Cullen, Jonah and Olby, Natasha and Bizikova, Petra}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={379-+} }
 @article{levy_linder_mamo_herrmann_bizikova_2020, title={Cutaneous polyautoimmunity in two unrelated dogs: pemphigus foliaceus and generalized discoid lupus erythematosus}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1365-3164"]}, DOI={10.1111/vde.12851}, abstractNote={BackgroundPolyautoimmunity, the concurrent expression of two or more distinct autoimmune diseases (ADs) in a single individual, is a known phenomenon in humans and has been rarely reported in dogs. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, comorbid pemphigus foliaceus (PF) and generalized discoid lupus erythematosus (GDLE) has not been reported in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe the clinical, histological and immunological features and treatment outcome of two unrelated dogs with comorbid PF and GDLE.AnimalsOne 10‐year‐old, spayed German shepherd dog and one 8‐year‐old, castrated American Staffordshire terrier presented for evaluation of a symmetrical, facial‐ and/or pedal‐dominant pustular dermatitis with concurrent, truncal scaly plaques.MethodsFor each dog, clinicopathological characterization included physical examination, lesion cytological evaluation, bacterial culture and sensitivity testing, skin histopathological investigation and direct and indirect immunofluorescence testing. Additional diagnostic imaging and haematological testing was performed to exclude extracutaneous disease.ResultsBoth dogs exhibited lesions clinically and histologically compatible with PF and GDLE. Moreover, one dog exhibited generalized leucotrichia and chronic superficial keratitis. Remission was achieved with immunosuppressive dosages of prednisolone [high‐dose pulse (Case 1) or standard immunosuppressive dosage (Case 2)] and ciclosporin (5–6 mg/kg/day). Tissue‐bound antikeratinocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM were detected in both dogs. A weak basement membrane zone deposit of C3 was seen in one dog. Circulating antikeratinocyte and anti‐desmocollin‐1 IgG were detected in one dog.Conclusions and clinical importanceCutaneous polyautoimmunity can occur in the dog. Depending on the specific disease combinations, overlapping clinical features may present diagnostic and/or therapeutic challenges. Moreover, these cases should be monitored for development of additional cutaneous or extra‐cutaneous AD(s).}, number={4}, journal={VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY}, author={Levy, Britt J. and Linder, Keith E. and Mamo, Lisa B. and Herrmann, Ina and Bizikova, Petra}, year={2020}, month={Aug}, pages={325-+} }
 @article{herrmann_kradischnig_skor_pakozdy_panakova_2021, title={Higher prevalence of seizure activity in a small population of atopic dogs: a retrospective breed- and age-matched study}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1365-3164"]}, DOI={10.1111/vde.12913}, abstractNote={Background – Atopic dermatitis (AD) is considered to be a systemic disease in people shown to have an association with epilepsy. However, so far, no data about the association of epilepsy and atopy have been reported in dogs. Objectives – Given the homology between human and canine AD, and the increased incidence of epilepsy in atopic people, we investigated the association between AD and seizure‐associated activity in a small canine population. Conclusion and clinical importance – In our small retrospective study, we observed an increased prevalence of seizure activity in the atopic dog population. Further larger and prospective studies are needed to confirm these results.}, number={2}, journal={VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY}, author={Herrmann, Ina and Kradischnig, Clarissa and Skor, Ondrej and Pakozdy, Akos and Panakova, Lucia}, year={2021}, month={Apr}, pages={126-+} }
 @article{high_linder_mamo_levy_herrmann_bizikova_2020, title={Rapid response of hyperkeratotic erythema multiforme to oclacitinib in two dogs}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1365-3164"]}, DOI={10.1111/vde.12852}, abstractNote={BackgroundHyperkeratotic erythema multiforme (HKEM) is a clinically distinct dermatosis and poorly characterized syndrome, comprised of hyperkeratotic plaques with variable symmetry and apoptosis similar to “classic” erosive canine EM. Hyperkeratotic EM has a protracted clinical course and, although treatments with glucocorticoids, azathioprine and/or ciclosporin have been tried, rates of remission are low.ObjectivesTo describe successful treatment of HKEM in two dogs using oclacitinib.AnimalsA 7‐year‐old, spayed Havanese dog (Case 1) and a 1‐year‐old, intact cryptorchid Dachshund dog (Case 2).MethodsCase characterization and clinical diagnoses were based on lesion character, surgical biopsy, cytological evaluation, culture, direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and expected responses to treatments.ResultsBoth cases exhibited multifocal, often symmetrical hyperkeratotic plaques with adherent scale. Histological findings revealed prominent epidermal hyperplasia, parakeratotic hyperkeratosis, lymphocytic dermatitis and transepidermal apoptosis with lymphocytic satellitosis. DIF revealed fine, patchy IgG, IgM and IgA basement membrane deposits (Case 2). Both dogs exhibited rapid improvement with oral oclacitinib (0.6–0.9 mg/kg twice daily) with a complete remission of clinical signs observed in 12 and seven weeks in cases 1 and 2, respectively.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceOclacitinib could be considered as a fast‐acting and effective treatment option for HKEM in dogs.}, number={4}, journal={VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY}, author={High, Endya J. and Linder, Keith E. and Mamo, Lisa B. and Levy, Britt J. and Herrmann, Ina and Bizikova, Petra}, year={2020}, month={Aug}, pages={330-+} }