@inproceedings{barker_hamouda_johnson_shalev_bender_2001, title={Comparison of heat sensors for use in evaluating the thermal protective performance of clothing}, ISBN={9780791835470}, booktitle={2001 advances in bioengineering: presented at the 2001 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition: November 11-16, 2001, New York, New York}, publisher={New York, N.Y. : American Society of Mechanical Engineers}, author={Barker, R.L. and Hamouda, H. and Johnson, J. and Shalev, I. and Bender, I.}, year={2001} }
 @inproceedings{barker_myhre_scruggs_shalev_prasharn_miszko_2000, title={Effect of measured heat loss through turnout materials in firefighter comfort and heat stress part I: Performance in a mild environment}, ISBN={9780803128699}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing: issues and priorities for the 21st century. Seventh volume}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM}, author={Barker, R.L. and Myhre, L. and Scruggs, B. and Shalev, I. and Prasharn, C. and Miszko, T.}, editor={C.N. Nelson and Henry, N.W.Editors}, year={2000} }
 @article{barker_scruggs_shalev_2000, title={Evaluating operating room gowns: Comparing comfort of nonwoven and woven materials}, volume={9}, number={1}, journal={International Nonwovens Journal}, author={Barker, R. L. and Scruggs, B. and Shalev, I.}, year={2000}, pages={23–29} }
 @inproceedings{shalev_barker_mccord_tucker_lisk_2000, title={Protective textile particle penetration}, volume={7}, ISBN={9780803104617}, DOI={10.1520/stp14442s}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing :  issues and priorities for the 21st century}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA:  ASTM}, author={Shalev, I. and Barker, R.L. and McCord, Marian and Tucker, P.A. and Lisk, B.R.}, editor={R. L. Barker and Coletta, G. C.Editors}, year={2000} }
 @inproceedings{barker_hamouda_johnson_shalev_bender_1999, title={Comparison of heat sensors for use in evaluating the thermal protective performance of clothing materials}, ISBN={9780803128699}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing: issues and priorities for the 21st century. Seventh volume}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM}, author={Barker, R. and Hamouda, H. and Johnson, J. and Shalev, I. and Bender, M.}, editor={C.N. Nelson and Henry, N.W.Editors}, year={1999} }
 @inproceedings{barker_myhre_scruggs_shalev_prasharn_miszko_1999, title={Effects of measured heat loss through turnout material in firefighter comfort and heat stress part I: Performance in a mild environment}, volume={7}, ISBN={9780803128699}, DOI={10.1520/stp14467s}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing: issues and priorities for the 21st century. Seventh volume}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM}, author={Barker, R. and Myhre, L. and Scruggs, B. and Shalev, I. and Prasharn, C. and Miszko, T.}, editor={C.N. Nelson and Henry, N.W.Editors}, year={1999} }
 @inproceedings{barker_myhre_scruggs_shalev_prasham_miszko_1999, title={Effects of measured heat loss through turnout material in firefighter comfort and heat stress part II: Performance in a warm environment}, ISBN={9780803128699}, DOI={10.1520/stp14468s}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing: issues and priorities for the 21st century. Seventh volume}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM}, author={Barker, R. and Myhre, L. and Scruggs, B. and Shalev, I. and Prasham, C. and Miszko, T.}, editor={C.N. Nelson and Henry, N.W.Editors}, year={1999} }
 @inbook{barker_hamouda_shalev_johnson_1999, title={Review and evaluation of thermal sensors for use in testing firefighter protective clothing: Final report}, booktitle={Response of high performance concrete to fire conditions : review of thermal property data and measurement techniques}, publisher={Gaithersburg, MD : National Institute of Standards and Technology, Building and Fire Research Laboratory}, author={Barker, R.L. and Hamouda, H. and Shalev, I. and Johnson, J.}, year={1999} }
 @inproceedings{barker_choi yoo_shalev_scruggs_1999, title={Thermophysical and sensorial properties of heat resistant workwear materials. part I: Instrument analysis of fabric properties}, booktitle={Textile Technology Forum: IFAI Expo 1999, October 28-30, 1999, San Diego Convention Center, San Diego, Calif. USA}, publisher={Roseville, MN: Industrial Fabrics Association International}, author={Barker, R.L. and Choi Yoo, C. and Shalev, I. and Scruggs, B.}, year={1999} }
 @inproceedings{barker_choi yoo_shalev_scruggs_1999, title={Thermophysical and sensorial properties of heat resistant workwear materials. part II: Perceived comfort response to garments}, booktitle={Textile Technology Forum: IFAI Expo 1999, October 28-30, 1999, San Diego Convention Center, San Diego, Calif. USA}, publisher={Roseville, MN: Industrial Fabrics Association International}, author={Barker, R.L. and Choi Yoo, C. and Shalev, I. and Scruggs, B.}, year={1999} }
 @inproceedings{barker_scruggs_shalev_1998, title={Comparison of the comfort properties of nonwoven and woven fabrics in operating room gowns}, booktitle={Book of papers: INDA-TEC 98, largest International Nonwovens Conference: September 15-17, 1998, Trump Plaza Hotel, Atlantic City, NJ.}, publisher={Cary, NC : INDA, Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry}, author={Barker, R. and Scruggs, B.J. and Shalev, I.}, year={1998} }
 @inproceedings{lisk_barker_mccord_shalev_tucker_1997, title={Aerosol barrier efficiency test method for wide range of fabrics}, ISBN={9780803124028}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing.  Sixth volume}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA:  ASTM}, author={Lisk, B. and Barker, R.L. and McCord, M.G. and Shalev, I. and Tucker, P.A.}, editor={J. O. Stull and Schwope, A. D.Editors}, year={1997} }
 @inproceedings{barker_tucker_mccord_shalev_wilderson-barnes_1997, title={Blood borne hazards protective apparel with reasonable comfort}, ISBN={9780803124028}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA :  ASTM}, author={Barker, R. and Tucker, P.A. and McCord, M.G. and Shalev, I. and Wilderson-Barnes, R.}, editor={J. O. Stull and Schwope, A. D.Editors}, year={1997} }
 @article{barnes_mccord_tucker_barker_shalev_zingelmann_1997, title={Bloodborne hazard protective apparel with reasonable comfort}, volume={1273}, ISBN={["0-8031-2402-3"]}, ISSN={["1071-5827"]}, DOI={10.1520/stp19902s}, abstractNote={Six commercially available surgical gown materials were tested for resistance to viral penetration and for heat and moisture transfer capabilities. All the materials contained films laminated onto substrate fabrics. Two of the samples contained microporous films, while the other four contained monolithic films. The samples containing the microporous film failed to prevent passage of the virus, while those containing the monolithic film did prevent penetration. The microporous films did allow the highest level of moisture vapor permeability and comfort ratings, but the values for some of the monolithic films fabrics were comparable. In order to investigate the effect of pore size on barrier and comfort properties, polycarbonate membranes of known pore sizes were subjected to the same test methods as the fabrics. The virus was found to be withheld by membranes with a pore size of 0.05 μm.}, journal={PERFORMANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, 6TH VOLUME}, publisher={West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM}, author={Barnes, CR and McCord, MG and Tucker, PA and Barker, RL and Shalev, I and Zingelmann, JL}, year={1997}, pages={176–189} }
 @inbook{shalev_barker_chen_1996, title={Heat and moisture transfer of multi-layer fabrics}, ISBN={9789652941237}, booktitle={Environmental ergonomics: recent progress and new frontiers}, publisher={London:  Freund}, author={Shalev, I. and Barker, R.L. and Chen, P.L.}, editor={Y. Shapiro, D.S. Moran and Epstein, Y.Editors}, year={1996} }
 @inproceedings{barker_allen_rust_shalev_1994, title={Development of a mechanical stylus based surface analysis system for soft paper products}, ISBN={9780898529012}, booktitle={Proceedings: 1994 Nonwovens Conference: Grenelefe Conference Center, Orlando, Florida, February 14-16}, publisher={Atlanta, GA: TAPPI}, author={Barker, R. and Allen, D.B. and Rust, J.P. and Shalev, I.}, year={1994} }
 @inproceedings{barker_rust_keadle_shalev_1994, title={Evaluation of surface softness of tissue paper products using mechanical stylus scanning, optical image analysis and fuzzy sets}, ISBN={9780898529012}, booktitle={Proceedings: 1994 Nonwovens Conference: Grenelefe Conference Center, Orlando, Florida, February 14-16}, publisher={Atlanta, GA: TAPPI}, author={Barker, R. and Rust, J.P. and Keadle, T.L. and Shalev, I.}, year={1994} }
 @article{woo_shalev_barker_1994, title={HEAT AND MOISTURE TRANSFER THROUGH NONWOVEN FABRICS .1. HEAT-TRANSFER}, volume={64}, ISSN={["0040-5175"]}, DOI={10.1177/004051759406400305}, abstractNote={ A theoretical model is demonstrated that provides a reliable prediction of thermal transmission through nonwoven structures. The validity of the model is confirmed in experiments that measure the thermal conductivity of various nonwoven barrier fabrics. The model is used to characterize the relative contribution of heat transfer mechanisms to the total heat transmission. It also provides a good explanation of the roles played by fiber and fabric variables in determining the thermal insulation of nonwoven barrier materials. }, number={3}, journal={TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL}, author={WOO, SS and SHALEV, I and BARKER, RL}, year={1994}, month={Mar}, pages={149–162} }
 @article{woo_shalev_barker_1994, title={HEAT AND MOISTURE TRANSFER THROUGH NONWOVEN FABRICS .2. MOISTURE DIFFUSIVITY}, volume={64}, ISSN={["0040-5175"]}, DOI={10.1177/004051759406400402}, abstractNote={ The geometric moisture diffusivity model developed by this research indicates that fiber volume fraction and shape coefficient are the most important structural parameters affecting water vapor diffusivity through nonhydrophilic nonwoven fabrics. Water vapor diffusivity decreases with increasing fiber volume fraction and decreases as the flatness of the fiber cross section increases. Although structural properties such as fiber fineness and fabric thickness affect optical porosity, their effect on water vapor diffusivity through nonhygroscopic nonwoven materials is small. }, number={4}, journal={TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL}, author={WOO, SS and SHALEV, I and BARKER, RL}, year={1994}, month={Apr}, pages={190–197} }
 @inproceedings{barker_kim_shalev_1994, title={Softness properties of fabric-like tissues}, ISBN={9780898529012}, booktitle={Proceedings: 1994 Nonwovens Conference: Grenelefe Conference Center, Orlando, Florida, February 14-16}, publisher={Atlanta, GA: TAPPI}, author={Barker, R. and Kim, J.J. and Shalev, I.}, year={1994} }
 @article{barker_kim_shalev_1994, title={Softness properties of paper towels}, volume={77}, number={10}, journal={TAPPI Journal}, author={Barker, R. and Kim, J. J. and Shalev, I.}, year={1994}, pages={83–89} }
 @article{rust_keadle_allen_shalev_barker_1994, title={TISSUE SOFTNESS EVALUATION BY MECHANICAL STYLUS SCANNING}, volume={64}, ISSN={["1746-7748"]}, DOI={10.1177/004051759406400306}, abstractNote={ A mechanical stylus surface analyzer (MSSA) system and the corresponding software were used to conduct standard surface analysis procedures. The MSSA instrumentation measures surface characteristics of soft bathroom tissue products. This paper describes the applicability of MSSA and how human tactile response may be modeled through characterization of surfaces. The concepts of passive and active touch as related to human perceived softness are reviewed. In particular, parameters pertinent to these kinds of tactile exploration are mentioned, as well as how they can be used to build a better model of human tactile response. A novel frequency analysis parameter called the frequency index for tactile sensitivity (FITS) is based on tissue paper surface analysis results from MSSA and provides the basis for the human response model. Included is a review of subjective human softness evaluation data for select tissues gathered to represent actual human responses. The MSSA and optical image analysis (OIA) data were collected on the same tissues, and the FITS parameter was found using MSSA. Also, MSSA data were used to reproduce an old standard parameter for evaluating tissue softness called the human tactile response (HTR) index. Since it is not possible to exactly reproduce HTR, the reproduced parameter calculated in this study is called HTR equivalent (HTR_EQ). Finally, standard deviation of luminance (SDL) and loosely bonded surface fibers (LBSF) parameters are determined for select tissues using OIA. Correlation results of the human data with FITS, HTR—EQ, SDL, and LBSF are discussed; FITS correlates best with the human response data and, together MSSA and FITS, has the ability to model human response to the softness of tissue paper products. }, number={3}, journal={TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL}, author={RUST, JP and KEADLE, TL and ALLEN, DB and SHALEV, I and BARKER, RL}, year={1994}, month={Mar}, pages={163–168} }
 @article{barker_hamouda_shalev_kim_1993, title={Instrumented methods for measuring the surface frictional properties of softener treated fabric}, volume={25}, number={8}, journal={Textile Chemist and Colorist}, author={Barker, R. and Hamouda, H. and Shalev, I. and Kim, J.}, year={1993}, pages={15–20} }
 @inproceedings{barker_shalev_an_scruggs_1992, title={Comfort properties of single layer aramid workwear fabrics}, booktitle={Proceedings}, publisher={Soesterberg, the Netherlands : Organization for Applied Scientific Research}, author={Barker, R. and Shalev, I. and An, S.K. and Scruggs, B.}, year={1992} }
 @inproceedings{behnke_shalev_scruggs_1992, title={Development of the comfort and thermal protection laboratory facility at North Carolina State University}, ISBN={9780803114302}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing, fourth volume}, publisher={Philadelphia, PA:  ASTM}, author={Behnke, W.P. and Shalev, I. and Scruggs, B.}, editor={J. P. McBriarty and Henry, N. W.Editors}, year={1992} }
 @inproceedings{barker_behnke_shalev_scruggs_1992, title={Development of the comfort and thermal protection laboratory facility at the NCSU College of Textiles}, booktitle={2nd TANDEC Conference, October 13-October 16, University of Knoxville--Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.}, publisher={Knoxville, Tenn. : Textiles and Nonwovens Development Center}, author={Barker, R. and Behnke, W.P. and Shalev, I. and Scruggs, B.}, year={1992} }
 @inproceedings{barker_stamper_shalev_1987, title={Measuring protective insulation of fabrics in hot surface contact}, ISBN={9780803111677}, DOI={10.1520/stp26277s}, abstractNote={This research demonstrates procedures useful in measuring the ability of fabrics to block heat transfer when in contact with a hot surface. Experiments show how the temperature of the contacting surface, contact pressure, and fabric moisture content affect protective insulation in conductive tests. Single-layer fabrics made with flame-resistant cotton, rayon, and wool; glass fabrics, ceramic fabrics; and fabrics from aramids, novoloids, modacrylic, and stabilized acrylic fibers are evaluated. Statistical methods show the correlation between measured fabric properties and insulative values. An analytical model is developed that predicts a burn protection index from simple measurement of fabric thickness.}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing :  second symposium}, publisher={Philadelphia, PA:  ASTM}, author={Barker, R.L. and Stamper, S. and Shalev, I.}, editor={S.Z. Mansdorf, R. Sager and Nielsen, A. P.Editors}, year={1987} }
 @inproceedings{barker_shalev_1986, title={Predicting the thermal protective performance of heat protective fabrics from basic properties}, ISBN={9780803104617}, booktitle={Performance of protective clothing :  a symposium sponsored by ASTM Committee F-23 on Protective Clothing, Raleigh, NC, 16-20 July 1984}, publisher={Philadelphia, PA :  ASTM}, author={Barker, R.L. and Shalev, I.}, editor={R. L. Barker and Coletta, G. C.Editors}, year={1986}, pages={358–375} }
 @inproceedings{barker_shalev_1985, title={Analyzing the performance of fabrics in TPP exposures}, booktitle={INTERFLAM: International Conference on Flammability ; 1985}, author={Barker, R.L. and Shalev, I.}, year={1985} }
 @article{shalev_barker_1984, title={PROTECTIVE FABRICS - A COMPARISON OF LABORATORY METHODS FOR EVALUATING THERMAL PROTECTIVE PERFORMANCE IN CONVECTIVE RADIANT EXPOSURES}, volume={54}, ISSN={["1746-7748"]}, DOI={10.1177/004051758405401003}, abstractNote={ Two laboratory methods used to evaluate the ability of fabrics to provide protective insulation against high intensity thermal exposures are compared. These procedures are ASTM D4108-82, a method that uses a single laboratory gas burner as the heat source, and a more versatile method that combines two gas burners and quartz heaters to provide a different mixture of radiant and convective heat. Comparisons are based on a series of tests made on a large group of specialized fabrics that might be used in the construction of protective apparel. Among the fabrics tested are samples made with flame resistant cotton, rayon, and wool, fabrics from glass and ceramic fibers, and fabrics from polyaramids, cross-linked phenolics, modacrylics, polybenzimidazole, and stabilized acrylic fibers. Differences in materials comparisons caused by the test procedure are discussed, especially the difference made by the balance of radiant to convective energy provided by the heat sources. Correlations are made with fiber and fabric properties. Special emphasis is placed on observing the performance of alu minized samples. }, number={10}, journal={TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL}, author={SHALEV, I and BARKER, RL}, year={1984}, pages={648–654} }
 @inproceedings{barker_shalev_1984, title={Transient thermophysical properties of thermally degrading fabrics and their effect on thermal protection}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Fiber Society / SAMPE Conference on high performance textile structures}, author={Barker, R.L. and Shalev, I.}, year={1984} }
 @article{barker_kazmierczak_shalev_1983, title={A computerized approach to evaluating the performance of heat resistant protective fabrics}, volume={4}, journal={Journal of Industrial Fabrics}, author={Barker, R. and Kazmierczak, M. and Shalev, I.}, year={1983} }
 @article{shalev_barker_1983, title={ANALYSIS OF HEAT-TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF FABRICS IN AN OPEN FLAME EXPOSURE}, volume={53}, ISSN={["1746-7748"]}, DOI={10.1177/004051758305300806}, abstractNote={ Experiments measured the transfer of heat through protective fabrics when the exposure is to a convective source (open flame). An instrumented calorimeter located on the opposite side of the fabric measured the heat transferred. Heat flux data were used to compute a burn protective index based on data on the tolerance of human tissue, developed by Stoll. Among the materials analyzed were fabrics made with flame-resistant cotton, rayon, and wool; fabrics from glass and ceramic fibers; and fabrics from polyaramids, novoloids, modacrylic, polybenzimidazole and stabilized acrylic fibers. }, number={8}, journal={TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL}, author={SHALEV, I and BARKER, RL}, year={1983}, pages={475–482} }