@article{bellingtier_rupprecht_neupert_lang_2021, title={Daily experiences of subjective age discordance and well-being.}, volume={36}, ISSN={1939-1498 0882-7974}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pag0000621}, DOI={10.1037/pag0000621}, abstractNote={Subjective age discordance (SAD) captures the difference between how old one feels and how old one would ideally like to be. We investigated the presence, strength, and fluctuation of this discordance in daily life as well as its relationship to various indicators of physical and psychological well-being with an 8-day diary study. Participants were 116 older and 107 younger adults who completed daily measures of felt age, ideal age, positive and negative affect, physical symptoms, and stressors. We operationalized SAD as felt age minus ideal age divided by chronological age and compared the utility of this discordance to the more established proportional discrepancy of felt age from chronological age. Daily SAD was present in both age groups, such that individuals idealized younger ages than they felt. This discordance was larger in older than younger adults, although younger adults exhibited more daily fluctuations in SAD. Within-person increases in SAD were associated with lower positive affect, whereas larger SAD at the between-person level was associated with more physical symptoms and stressors. These relationships were over and above the associations of felt and chronological age with the outcomes suggesting the utility of daily SAD for understanding daily physical and psychological well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).}, number={6}, journal={Psychology and Aging}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Bellingtier, Jennifer A. and Rupprecht, Fiona S. and Neupert, Shevaun D. and Lang, Frieder R.}, year={2021}, month={Sep}, pages={744–751} }
 @article{neupert_bellingtier_smith_2021, title={Emotional reactivity changes to daily stressors surrounding the 2016 U.S. presidential election}, volume={40}, ISSN={1046-1310 1936-4733}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00215-y}, DOI={10.1007/s12144-019-00215-y}, number={6}, journal={Current Psychology}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Neupert, Shevaun D. and Bellingtier, Jennifer A. and Smith, Emily L.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={2832–2842} }
 @article{bellingtier_neupert_2020, title={Feeling Young and in Control: Daily Control Beliefs Are Associated With Younger Subjective Ages}, volume={75}, ISSN={1079-5014 1758-5368}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz015}, DOI={10.1093/geronb/gbz015}, abstractNote={Abstract
               
                  Objectives
                  Daily variations in control beliefs are associated with developmental outcomes. We predicted that on days when older adults feel more in control than their personal average, they would also report feeling younger, and explored the relationship in younger adults.
               
               
                  Method
                  A total of 116 older and 107 younger adults completed a 9-day daily diary study. On Day 1 participants reported on demographic variables. On Days 2–9, participants reported their daily subjective age, daily control beliefs, daily stressors, and daily physical health symptoms. All measures were completed online via Qualtrics. Results were analyzed using multilevel models.
               
               
                  Results
                  Controlling for age, gender, education, daily stressors, daily physical health, and average control, there was a significant main effect of daily control beliefs on daily subjective age. Older adults felt significantly younger on days with a greater sense of control than usual, but this effect was absent in younger adults. For younger adults, average exposure to daily stressors and daily fluctuations in physical health were better predictors of daily subjective age.
               
               
                  Discussion
                  These findings suggest that higher daily control is associated with younger subjective ages in older adults, whereas other factors may play a more central role in the daily variations of younger adults’ subjective ages.
               }, number={5}, journal={The Journals of Gerontology: Series B}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Bellingtier, Jennifer A and Neupert, Shevaun D}, editor={Diehl, ManfredEditor}, year={2020}, month={Jun}, pages={e13–e17} }
 @article{neupert_bellingtier_2018, title={Daily Stressor Forecasts and Anticipatory Coping: Age Differences in Dynamic, Domain-Specific Processes}, volume={74}, ISSN={1079-5014 1758-5368}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gby043}, DOI={10.1093/geronb/gby043}, abstractNote={Objective
We focused on the temporal space before stressor exposure and examined two constructs-daily stressor forecasting and anticipatory coping-for daily emotional well-being.


Method
One hundred and seven younger (M age = 19.44, range 18-36) and 116 older (M age = 64.71, range 60-90) participants reported on 1,627 total days via an online daily diary study. Participants reported baseline demographic information (Day 1) and stressor forecasts, anticipatory coping, stressor exposure, and negative affect (Days 2-9).


Results
We found significant intraindividual variability in stressor forecasts. Increases in forecasts of upcoming stressors were associated with increases in anticipatory coping of those stressors in some domains. Older adults forecasted more upcoming home stressors than younger adults, but older adults reported less anticipatory coping than younger adults. Finally, we found age differences in emotional reactivity to daily home stressors depending on previous-day forecasts and coping of those home stressors. Forecasting home stressors was associated with a stronger reduction in reactivity for younger adults relative to older adults, but stagnant deliberation coping was associated with increased reactivity for younger adults, not for older adults.


Discussion
Daily stressor forecasts are dynamic and situation-specific and linked to daily anticipatory coping and age differences in reactivity to home stressors.}, number={1}, journal={The Journals of Gerontology: Series B}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Neupert, Shevaun D and Bellingtier, Jennifer A}, year={2018}, month={Apr}, pages={17–28} }
 @article{bellingtier_neupert_2018, title={Daily Subjective Age in Emerging Adults: “Now We’re Stressed Out”}, volume={7}, ISSN={2167-6968 2167-6984}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167696818785081}, DOI={10.1177/2167696818785081}, abstractNote={ During the emerging adulthood years, individuals explore their identities and often report feeling in-between adolescence and adulthood. These characteristics may correspond to greater variability in how old individuals feel. This study examined the daily variability in emerging adults’ subjective ages, as well as its association with daily stressors and the psychological dimensions of identity exploration and feeling in-between. Using a 9-day daily diary design, the study measured 106 emerging adults’ (18–22 years old) daily stressors, daily subjective ages, and endorsement of the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood. Findings indicated that over half of the variability in emerging adults’ subjective ages occurred within person, and daily stressors could predict this variability. Furthermore, those high in identity exploration and feeling in-between were most likely to respond to daily stressors by feeling older. Results suggest that psychological identification with emerging adulthood amplifies responses to daily stressors and predicts feeling subjectively older. }, number={6}, journal={Emerging Adulthood}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Bellingtier, Jennifer A. and Neupert, Shevaun D.}, year={2018}, month={Jun}, pages={468–477} }
 @article{bellingtier_neupert_2018, title={Negative Aging Attitudes Predict Greater Reactivity to Daily Stressors in Older Adults}, volume={73}, ISSN={1079-5014 1758-5368}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw086}, DOI={10.1093/geronb/gbw086}, abstractNote={Objectives
In order to understand conflicting findings regarding the emotional reactions of older adults to daily stressors, we examined the possibility that negative aging attitudes could function as an important individual differences factor related to stressor reactivity.


Method
Using a daily dairy design, we examined the aging attitudes of 43 older adults reporting on 380 total days. Participants reported their aging attitudes on Day 1, followed by their stressor exposure and negative affect on Days 2-9. Covariates included age, gender, education, and personality.


Results
Using multilevel modeling, our results suggest that individuals with more positive aging attitudes report consistent levels of affect across study days regardless of stressors, whereas those with more negative aging attitudes reported increased emotional reactivity to daily stressors.


Discussion
Positive aging attitudes may serve as a resource that helps buffer reactions to daily stressors.}, number={7}, journal={The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Bellingtier, Jennifer A. and Neupert, Shevaun D.}, year={2018}, month={Oct}, pages={1155–1159} }
 @article{bellingtier_neupert_kotter-grühn_2017, title={The Combined Effects of Daily Stressors and Major Life Events on Daily Subjective Ages}, volume={72}, ISSN={1079-5014 1758-5368}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbv101}, DOI={10.1093/geronb/gbv101}, abstractNote={Objectives
Stressors may be a contributing factor in determining how old an individual feels, looks, or would like to be. Currently, little research has been devoted to understanding the relationship between stressors and subjective age in older adults. We focus on the combined impact of major life-event stressors and daily stressors on multiple indicators of subjective age: felt age, ideal age, and look age. Furthermore, we examine the process by which daily stressors relate to subjective ages by testing whether positive affect, control, and negative affect mediate this relationship.


Method
Using a daily-diary design, the current study measured older adults' (60-96 years old) stressors, subjective ages, personal control, and affect.


Results
Felt, ideal, and look ages each demonstrated a unique pattern of interactions between daily stressors and major life-event stressors. Furthermore, our findings suggest that on the daily level, the relationship between stressors and felt age is mediated by negative affect but not by control and positive affect.


Discussion
Findings indicate the need to consider the broader contextual picture of stressors, as well as their differential impact on multiple indicators of subjective age.}, number={4}, journal={The Journals of Gerontology: Series B}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Bellingtier, Jennifer A. and Neupert, Shevaun D. and Kotter-Grühn, Dana}, year={2017}, month={Jul}, pages={613–621} }