@article{naisbett‐jones_branham_birath_paliotti_mcmains_joel fodrie_morley_buckel_lohmann_2023, title={A method for long‐term retention of pop‐up satellite archival tags (<scp>PSATs</scp>) on small migratory fishes}, volume={102}, ISSN={0022-1112 1095-8649}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15351}, DOI={10.1111/jfb.15351}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Fish Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Naisbett‐Jones, Lewis C. and Branham, Creed and Birath, Shayla and Paliotti, Savannah and McMains, Andrew R. and Joel Fodrie, Frederick and Morley, James W. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Lohmann, Kenneth J.}, year={2023}, month={Mar}, pages={1029–1039} }
 @article{rudershausen_schmidt_merrell_runde_buckel_2023, title={Effectiveness of Venting and Recompression for Increasing Postrelease Survival of Barotraumatized Black Sea Bass across a Range of Depths}, volume={43}, ISSN={0275-5947 1548-8675}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10864}, DOI={10.1002/nafm.10864}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={North American Journal of Fisheries Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Schmidt, Hailey M. and Merrell, Jeffery H. and Runde, Brendan J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2023}, month={Feb}, pages={257–267} }
 @article{binion-rock_christian_buckel_2023, title={Identification of important forage fish and implications of increased predator demand through Ecopath modeling}, volume={280}, ISSN={0272-7714}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2022.108164}, DOI={10.1016/j.ecss.2022.108164}, abstractNote={Fisheries on lower trophic levels act as and compete with predators in aquatic ecosystems for potentially limited prey resources. Multiple predators in a system are often managed to achieve a Bmsy that could result in a total predator consumption level the ecosystem cannot support. We developed an Ecopath model for Pamlico Sound, NC and its tributaries to address this issue. The model is comprised of 43 compartments with an emphasis on piscivores and their prey and represents the 2012–13 time period. We estimated total predator demand for fish prey and identified important species of forage fish and top piscivorous predators in Pamlico Sound. We compared local fishing fleet removals and predator consumption in forage fish, penaeid shrimp, and blue crabs. Finally, we evaluated the impact of increased predator demand on the system, by increasing biomass levels of five predators to equal their management thresholds and using mixed trophic impact analysis. Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus), anchovy (Anchoa hepsetus and A. mitchilli), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), and Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) were the most important forage fish in the system, representing over 80% of the fish consumed (by weight). Lizardfish (Synodus foetens) and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncates) were top predators based on trophic level, while bluefish and longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus) were top predators in terms of total fish consumption. The highest overlap in forage fish usage exists between fisheries and piscivores for Atlantic croaker and spot. Total forage fish removals through predation and harvest was greater than 65% of the production for each of the four-forage fish and, under the higher predator biomass model, total removals exceeded production for spot; total removals in either scenario did not exceed the production of penaeid shrimp and blue crab. Thus, the tradeoff between fisheries for forage fish and piscivores should be considered when assessing and managing fisheries in Pamlico Sound.}, journal={Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Binion-Rock, Samantha M. and Christian, Robert R. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2023}, month={Jan}, pages={108164} }
 @article{gilliland_fessler_paxton_ebert_tharp_runde_bacheler_buckel_taylor_2023, title={Spatial extent and isolation of marine artificial structures mediate fish density}, volume={10}, ISSN={2296-7745}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1240344}, DOI={10.3389/fmars.2023.1240344}, abstractNote={Installations of artificial structures in coastal oceans create de facto habitat for marine life. These structures encompass wide varieties of physical characteristics, reflecting their multiple, diverse purposes and creating a need to understand which characteristics maximize fish habitat. Here, we test how physical characteristics – horizontal area, vertical relief, and spatial isolation – relate to fish density from echosounder surveys over artificial structures like concrete pipes, train boxcars, and ships purposely sunk to function as reefs. Echosounder mapping of 31 artificial reef structures and associated fish across a 200 km linear length of the continental shelf of North Carolina, USA, revealed that structures with greater horizontal area and vertical relief host higher fish densities than smaller, shorter structures. Artificial structure spatial arrangement also relates to fish density, as isolated structures are generally associated with greater localized fish densities than structures closer to one another. Patterns in the relationships between fish density and reef characteristics differed for schooling fish, as there was some evidence that reefs of intermediate area exhibited higher schooling fish density. These results suggest that intentional design and spatial arrangement of marine built structures like artificial reefs relates to and can be deliberately incorporated into siting and deployment decisions to enhance their role as fish habitat.}, journal={Frontiers in Marine Science}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Gilliland, Virginia A. and Fessler, Avery E. and Paxton, Avery B. and Ebert, Erik F. and Tharp, Ryan M. and Runde, Brendan J. and Bacheler, Nathan M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Taylor, J. Christopher}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{rudershausen_cross_runde_evans_cope_buckel_2023, title={Total mercury, methylmercury, and selenium concentrations in blue marlin Makaira nigricans from a long-term dataset in the western north Atlantic}, volume={858}, ISSN={0048-9697}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159947}, DOI={10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159947}, abstractNote={Mercury in seafood is a neurotoxicant that threatens human health. Dynamic rates of mercury emission, re-emission, and atmospheric deposition warrant studies into mercury concentrations in fish because many are consumed by humans and can serve as sentinels of mercury levels in the environment. We modeled trends in total mercury content in an apex marine fish predator, Atlantic blue marlin Makaira nigricans, whose muscle tissues were opportunistically sampled from North Carolina (USA) sportfishing tournaments over a discontinuous time period: between 1975 and 77 and 1998-2021 (n = 148). The model-estimated influence of marlin weight on total mercury concentration was constant across years (shared slope) allowing for comparisons of weight-corrected mercury concentrations among years. Weight-corrected total mercury concentrations revealed an inter-decadal decline of approximately 45 % between the 1970s and late 1990s and then variable but relatively stable concentrations through 2021. The mean (SD) wet weight concentration of total mercury was 9.47 (4.11) from 1975 to 77 and 4.17 (2.61) from 2020 to 2021. Methylmercury and selenium were measured on a subset of fish to address questions related to human health and consumption. Methylmercury levels (mean = 0.72 μg/g) were much lower than total mercury (mean = 4.69 μg/g) indicating that total mercury is not a good proxy for methylmercury in Atlantic blue marlin. Selenium, examined as a Se:Hg molar ratio and as a selenium health benefit value (HBVSe), showed high protective value against mercury toxicity. Long-term trends in the concentration of mercury in blue marlin should continue to be monitored to determine whether policies to mitigate anthropogenic contributions to global mercury are achieving their intended goals and to provide information to inform safe human consumption.}, journal={Science of The Total Environment}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Rudershausen, P.J. and Cross, F.A. and Runde, B.J. and Evans, D.W. and Cope, W.G. and Buckel, J.A.}, year={2023}, month={Feb}, pages={159947} }
 @article{runde_rudershausen_bacheler_tharp_buckel_2022, title={Depredation of Demersal Reef Fishes Released with Descender Devices Is Uncommon off North Carolina, <scp>USA}, volume={42}, ISSN={0275-5947 1548-8675}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10815}, DOI={10.1002/nafm.10815}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={North American Journal of Fisheries Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Bacheler, Nathan M. and Tharp, Ryan M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2022}, month={Aug}, pages={1196–1201} }
 @article{runde_buckel_bacheler_tharp_rudershausen_harms_ben‐horin_2022, title={Evaluation of six methods for external attachment of electronic tags to fish: assessment of tag retention, growth and fish welfare}, volume={101}, ISSN={0022-1112 1095-8649}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14989}, DOI={10.1111/jfb.14989}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Fish Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Bacheler, Nathan M. and Tharp, Ryan M. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Harms, Craig A. and Ben‐Horin, Tal}, year={2022}, month={Jan}, pages={419–430} }
 @article{bacheler_runde_shertzer_buckel_rudershausen_2022, title={Fine-scale behavior of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) around bait: approach distances, bait plume dynamics, and effective fishing area}, volume={79}, ISSN={["1205-7533"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2021-0044}, abstractNote={ The behavior of fish around bait is poorly understood despite it being important for the fish catching process and estimating relative abundance. We used a fine-scale acoustic positioning system to quantify the movements of 26 red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) around 120 bait deployments in 2019 at a natural reef site (∼37-m deep) in North Carolina, USA. There were 39 instances of tagged red snapper approaching bait during four baiting days, some of which approached due to apparent sensory cues (28%), while most approached incidentally (72%). Tagged red snapper approached bait from initial distances of 1 to 1147 m (median = 27 m; mean = 86 m), and took 0–77 min (mean = 22 min) to approach. Fish were more likely to approach bait if they were located close to, and down-current of, the bait at deployment. Our estimated effective fishing area of 2290 m2 (within which >50% of red snapper responded to bait) could be used along with video counts and other information to estimate densities of red snapper. }, number={3}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Runde, Brendan J. and Shertzer, Kyle W. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Rudershausen, Paul J.}, year={2022}, month={Mar}, pages={458–471} }
 @article{houck_cohen_harms_runde_rudershausen_buckel_2021, title={Computed Tomographic Assessment of Hooking‐Related Injuries in Recreationally Angled Blue Marlin}, volume={34}, ISSN={0899-7659 1548-8667}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aah.10145}, DOI={10.1002/aah.10145}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Aquatic Animal Health}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Houck, Emma L. and Cohen, Eli B. and Harms, Craig A. and Runde, Brendan J. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2021}, month={Nov}, pages={20–27} }
 @article{runde_bacheler_shertzer_rudershausen_sauls_buckel_2021, title={Discard Mortality of Red Snapper Released with Descender Devices in the US South Atlantic}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1942-5120"]}, DOI={10.1002/mcf2.10175}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Bacheler, Nathan M. and Shertzer, Kyle W. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Sauls, Beverly and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={478–495} }
 @article{bacheler_shertzer_runde_rudershausen_buckel_2021, title={Environmental conditions, diel period, and fish size influence the horizontal and vertical movements of red snapper}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2045-2322"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-021-88806-3}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Shertzer, Kyle W. and Runde, Brendan J. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @article{rudershausen_poland_merrell_pelletier_mikles_buckel_2021, title={Estimating discard mortality using meta-analysis and fishery-dependent sampling}, volume={240}, ISSN={0165-7836}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105962}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105962}, abstractNote={Estimates of discard mortality are difficult to obtain. Meta-analysis or life-history-based approaches to estimate discard mortality could provide informed estimates when direct empirical estimates are not available. We used data from published literature across a variety of fish species to determine if hooking condition (good vs. poor) and species-specific values for the Brody growth coefficient (K: a measure of fish physiology) were meaningful factors influencing discard mortality in hook and line fisheries. We then examined whether a two-step approach, combining condition- and physiology-specific estimates of discard mortality with data on proportion-by-hooking-condition hooking information for a fishery, could result in an estimate of discard mortality for dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus comparable to an empirical estimate. A model with hooking condition, K and their interaction best fitted the published discard mortality data. K was an important negative covariate of discard mortality for good hooking condition, with higher K species experiencing greater rates of survival. In contrast, species in poor condition had similarly low rates of survival across a range of K values. Results suggests that hooking condition is the dominant source of mortality when fish are hooked in vital areas but that physiology should also be taken into account when estimating discard mortality for good condition fish. For the recreational dolphinfish fishery in the southeastern US, we estimated a median proportional discard mortality rate of 0.12 (95 % credible set: 0.07, 0.17) when combining the meta-analysis and field-collected proportion-by-condition data. This estimate was lower than the empirical estimate of dolphinfish discard mortality but the credible sets overlapped (median: 0.25; 95 % credible set: 0.05, 0.39). Estimates of discard mortality from our meta-analytic approach may be applicable to fisheries where empirical estimates of discard mortality are not available and hooking injuries are the dominant source of mortality.}, journal={Fisheries Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Rudershausen, P.J. and Poland, S.J. and Merrell, J.H. and Pelletier, C.B. and Mikles, C.S. and Buckel, J.A.}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={105962} }
 @article{runde_buckel_rudershausen_mitchell_ebert_cao_taylor_2021, title={Evaluating the Effects of a Deep-Water Marine Protected Area a Decade After Closure: A Multifaceted Approach Reveals Equivocal Benefits to Reef Fish Populations}, volume={8}, ISSN={2296-7745}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.775376}, DOI={10.3389/fmars.2021.775376}, abstractNote={Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly used to rebuild fish populations. In 2009, eight MPAs were designated off the southeast United States with the goal of rebuilding populations of long-lived deep-water reef fishes. We tested whether reef fish within the largest of these MPAs, the Snowy Wreck Marine Protected Area (SWMPA), have increased in size and abundance relative to a nearby control area and compared to pre-closure. Hurdle models fitted through Bayesian inference on echosounder data collected in 2007–2009 and 2018–2020 yielded no evidence of an MPA effect. Comparisons of catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of all reef fishes yielded similar null results. However, CPUE of reef species with formal stock assessments increased 47% in the SWMPA and decreased 50% in the control area. We found significant increases in mean length of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) inside the SWMPA but not in the control area. We also found community composition changes, including shifts away from groupers (Serranidae; Epinephelinae) and toward snappers (Lutjanidae) and tilefish (Malacanthidae) in both areas, though we did not detect an MPA effect with this analysis. Our equivocal results indicate that more time and stricter enforcement may be necessary before more biological effects of the SWMPA can be detected.}, journal={Frontiers in Marine Science}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Mitchell, Warren A. and Ebert, Erik and Cao, Jie and Taylor, J. Christopher}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @article{rudershausen_merrell_buckel_2021, title={Factors Influencing Colonization and Survival of Juvenile Blue Crabs Callinectes sapidus in Southeastern U.S. Tidal Creeks}, volume={13}, ISSN={1424-2818}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13100491}, DOI={10.3390/d13100491}, abstractNote={Tidal creeks along the southeastern U.S. and Gulf of Mexico coastlines provide nursery habitats for commercially and ecologically important nekton, including juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus, a valuable and heavily landed seafood species. Instream and watershed urbanization may influence the habitat value that tidal creeks provide to blue crabs. We investigated natural and anthropogenic factors influencing juvenile blue crab occupancy dynamics in eight first-order tidal creeks in coastal North Carolina (USA). An auto-logistic hierarchical multi-season (dynamic) occupancy model with separate ecological and observation sub-models was fitted to juvenile blue crab presence/absence data collected over replicate sampling visits in multiple seasons at three fixed trapping sites in each creek. Colonization and survival are the processes operating on occupancy that are estimated with this formulation of the model. Covariates considered in the ecological sub-model included watershed imperviousness, the percent of salt marsh in each creek’s high tide area, percent salt marsh edge, site-level water depth, and site-level salinity. Temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen were covariates considered in the observation sub-model. In the ecological sub-model, watershed imperviousness was a meaningful negative covariate and site-level salinity was a positive covariate of survival probability. Imperviousness and salinity were each marginally meaningful on colonization probability. Water temperature was a positive covariate of detection probability in the observation sub-model. Mean estimated detection probability across all sites and seasons of the study was 0.186. The results suggest that development in tidal creek watersheds will impact occupancy dynamics of juvenile blue crabs. This places an emphasis on minimizing losses of natural land cover classes in tidal creek watersheds to reduce the negative impacts to populations of this important species. Future research should explore the relationship between imperviousness and salinity fluctuations in tidal creeks to better understand how changing land cover influences water chemistry and ultimately the demographics of juvenile blue crabs.}, number={10}, journal={Diversity}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Merrell, Jeffery H. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={491} }
 @article{paxton_harter_ross_schobernd_runde_rudershausen_johnson_shertzer_bacheler_buckel_et al._2021, title={Four decades of reef observations illuminate deep‐water grouper hotspots}, volume={22}, ISSN={1467-2960 1467-2979}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/faf.12548}, DOI={10.1111/faf.12548}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Fish and Fisheries}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Paxton, Avery B. and Harter, Stacey L. and Ross, Steve W. and Schobernd, Christina M. and Runde, Brendan J. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Johnson, Katrina H. and Shertzer, Kyle W. and Bacheler, Nathan M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={749–761} }
 @article{rudershausen_lombardo_buckel_2021, title={Linking Historical Changes in Salt‐Marsh Coverage to Lost Production of a Nektonic Bioindicator}, volume={13}, ISSN={1942-5120 1942-5120}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10147}, DOI={10.1002/mcf2.10147}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Marine and Coastal Fisheries}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Lombardo, Steven M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2021}, month={Apr}, pages={131–139} }
 @article{krause_hightower_poland_buckel_2020, title={An integrated tagging and catch-curve model reveals high and seasonally-varying natural mortality for a fish population at low stock biomass}, volume={232}, ISSN={0165-7836}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105725}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105725}, abstractNote={Rebuilding of exploited fish stocks at low biomass requires accurate mortality estimates. Weakfish (Cynoscion regalis) abundance is at historical lows caused by an increasing instantaneous total mortality (Z) in recent years, but uncertainty exists regarding the relative importance of instantaneous fishing mortality (F) and natural mortality (M) to Z. Data from a tag-return study and catch-curve of weakfish in North Carolina were analyzed jointly using a Bayesian statistical framework to estimate seasonal and annual mortality (i.e., F, M, and Z). We accounted for key auxiliary parameters in the tag-return portion of the model (i.e., tag-reporting rate and tag loss) through field studies and an experimental design, including use of high-reward tags and double tagging. Estimates of Z from the joint model were similar in magnitude to the weakfish stock assessment. From mid-2014 to 2017, we estimated a constant annual instantaneous mortality rate of 0.05 yr−1 (95 % credible interval [CrI]: 0.04, 0.07) for F and 2.33 yr−1 (CrI: 2.10, 2.6) for M. In the most recent stock assessment, estimates of M had an upper bound of 1.0; thus, our findings suggest that these estimates of M are biased low and F biased high. Our seasonal analyses showed that a large portion of mortality occurred from fall to spring, coinciding with weakfish migration and overwintering periods on the continental shelf. Through an integrated modeling approach, our study provides insights into the magnitude, timing, and sources of weakfish mortality, and enhances understanding of weakfish population dynamics to guide management strategies.}, journal={Fisheries Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Krause, Jacob R. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Poland, Stephen J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2020}, month={Dec}, pages={105725} }
 @article{runde_michelot_bacheler_shertzer_buckel_2020, title={Assigning Fates in Telemetry Studies Using Hidden Markov Models: an Application to Deepwater Groupers Released with Descender Devices}, volume={40}, ISSN={0275-5947 1548-8675}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10504}, DOI={10.1002/nafm.10504}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={North American Journal of Fisheries Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Michelot, Théo and Bacheler, Nathan M. and Shertzer, Kyle W. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={1417–1434} }
 @article{scheffel_hightower_buckel_krause_scharf_2020, title={Coupling acoustic tracking with conventional tag returns to estimate mortality for a coastal flatfish with high rates of emigration}, volume={77}, ISSN={0706-652X 1205-7533}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0174}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2018-0174}, abstractNote={ The addition of acoustic telemetry to conventional tagging studies can generate direct estimates of mortality and movement rates to inform fisheries management. We applied a combined telemetry and tag-return design to southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma), a coastal flatfish that demonstrates limited movements within estuarine habitats coupled with extensive ontogenetic migrations that present unique challenges for estimating mortality rates. The fates of acoustically and conventionally tagged fish were followed during 2014–2016 to estimate annual rates of fishing mortality (F), natural mortality (M), and estuarine emigration (E). Multistate models estimated southern flounder annual F for each of the 3 years at two spatial scales (New River estuary F = 0.49–1.61; North Carolina coast F = 0.36–0.72). Annual rates of emigration were high (E = 1.06–1.67), and direct estimation of this source of loss considerably improved mortality estimates. The model estimated natural mortality as a constant annual rate (M = 0.84), which was similar in magnitude to life-history-based estimates for similar age groups. By accounting for unique behavioral attributes in the study design, the application of multistate tagging models provided robust estimates of mortality and emigration rates for a valuable coastal fishery resource that will inform future efforts to achieve yield and conservation goals. }, number={1}, journal={Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Scheffel, Trevor K. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Krause, Jacob R. and Scharf, Frederick S.}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={1–22} }
 @article{shertzer_bacheler_pine_runde_buckel_rudershausen_macmahan_2020, title={Estimating population abundance at a site in the open ocean: combining information from conventional and telemetry tags with application to gray triggerfish (<i>Balistes capriscus</i>)}, volume={77}, ISSN={0706-652X 1205-7533}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0356}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2018-0356}, abstractNote={ Estimates of animal abundance are widely used to support conservation and resource management. For populations in open systems, abundance estimates from tagging data can be highly uncertain or biased. Here, we develop a novel approach to estimate abundance of an open population by pairing two models, each utilizing distinct tagging data. Using data from telemetry tags, we infer movement rates to and from the study site with a Markovian model allowing for an environmental effect. Then, using data from conventional passive tags, we apply a Lincoln–Petersen abundance estimator modified to account for mortality and movement. After developing the model within a Bayesian framework, we demonstrate its application to data on gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus) tagged in the Atlantic Ocean off North Carolina, USA. For this open population, we estimate site abundance to be ∼1000 fish (∼2000 fish·km–2) and additionally find evidence for an effect of hurricanes on movement. The general approach may be useful for fisheries, wildlife, and other ecological studies utilizing multiple tag types, particularly for estimating abundance of an open population. }, number={1}, journal={Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Shertzer, Kyle W. and Bacheler, Nathan M. and Pine, William E., III and Runde, Brendan J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and MacMahan, Jamie H.}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={34–43} }
 @article{lombardo_buckel_hain_griffith_white_2020, title={Evidence for temperature-dependent shifts in spawning times of anadromous alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis)}, volume={77}, ISSN={["1205-7533"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2019-0140}, abstractNote={ We analyzed four decades of presence–absence data from a fishery-independent survey to characterize the long-term phenology of river herring (alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus; and blueback herring, Alosa aestivalis) spawning migrations in their southern distribution. We used logistic generalized additive models to characterize the average ingress, peak, and egress timing of spawning. In the 2010s, alewife arrived to spawning habitat 16 days earlier and egressed 27 days earlier (peak 12 days earlier) relative to the 1970s. Blueback herring arrived 5 days earlier and egressed 23 days earlier (peak 13 days earlier) in the 2010s relative to the 1980s. The changes in ingress and egress timing have shortened the occurrence in spawning systems by 11 days for alewife over four decades and 18 days for blueback herring over three decades. We found that the rate of vernal warming was faster during 2001–2016 relative to 1973–1988 and is the most parsimonious explanation for changes in spawning phenology. The influence of a shortened spawning season on river herring population dynamics warrants further investigation. }, number={4}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Lombardo, Steven M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hain, Ernie F. and Griffith, Emily H. and White, Holly}, year={2020}, month={Apr}, pages={741–751} }
 @article{runde_buckel_shertzer_bacheler_rudershausen_sauls_2020, title={Repetitive capture of marine fishes: implications for estimating number and mortality of releases}, volume={77}, ISSN={1095-9289}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa166}, DOI={10.1093/icesjms/fsaa166}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={7-8}, journal={ICES Journal of Marine Science}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Runde, Brendan J and Buckel, Jeffrey A and Shertzer, Kyle W and Bacheler, Nathan M and Rudershausen, Paul J and Sauls, Beverly}, editor={Poos, Jan JaapEditor}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={2905–2917} }
 @article{rudershausen_buckel_2020, title={Urbanization impacts on production and recruitment of Fundulus heteroclitus in salt marsh creeks}, volume={645}, ISSN={0171-8630 1616-1599}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13378}, DOI={10.3354/meps13378}, abstractNote={It is unclear how urbanization affects secondary biological production in estuaries in the southeastern USA. We estimated production of larval/juvenile Fundulus heteroclitus in salt marsh areas of North Carolina tidal creeks and tested for factors influencing production. F. heteroclitus were collected with a throw trap in salt marshes of 5 creeks subjected to a range of urbanization intensities. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) was used to reduce dimensionality of habitat and urbanization effects in the creeks and their watersheds. Production was then related to the first 2 dimensions of the MFA, month, and year. Lastly, we determined the relationship between creek-wide larval/juvenile production and abundance from spring and abundance of adults from autumn of the same year. Production in marsh (g m-2 d-1) varied between years and was negatively related to the MFA dimension that indexed salt marsh; higher rates of production were related to creeks with higher percentages of marsh. An asymptotic relationship was found between abundance of adults and creek-wide production of larvae/juveniles and an even stronger density-dependent relationship was found between abundance of adults and creek-wide larval/juvenile abundance. Results demonstrate (1) the ability of F. heteroclitus to maintain production within salt marsh in creeks with a lesser percentage of marsh as long as this habitat is not removed altogether and (2) a density-dependent link between age-0 production/abundance and subsequent adult recruitment. Given the relationship between production and marsh area, natural resource agencies should consider impacts of development on production when permitting construction in the southeastern USA.}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, publisher={Inter-Research Science Center}, author={Rudershausen, PJ and Buckel, JA}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={187–204} }
 @article{krause_hightower_buckel_turnure_grothues_manderson_rosendale_pessutti_2020, title={Using Acoustic Telemetry to Estimate Weakfish Survival Rates along the U.S. East Coast}, volume={12}, ISSN={1942-5120 1942-5120}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10095}, DOI={10.1002/mcf2.10095}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Marine and Coastal Fisheries}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Krause, Jacob R. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Turnure, Jason T. and Grothues, Thomas M. and Manderson, John P. and Rosendale, John E. and Pessutti, Jeffrey P.}, year={2020}, month={Sep}, pages={241–257} }
 @article{binion-rock_reich_buckel_2019, title={A spatial kernel density method to estimate the diet composition of fish}, volume={76}, ISSN={["1205-7533"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2017-0306}, abstractNote={ We present a novel spatially explicit kernel density approach to estimate the proportional contribution of a prey to a predator’s diet by mass. First, we compared the spatial estimator to a traditional cluster-based approach using a Monte Carlo simulation study. Next, we compared the diet composition of three predators from Pamlico Sound, North Carolina, to evaluate how ignoring spatial correlation affects diet estimates. The spatial estimator had lower mean squared error values compared with the traditional cluster-based estimator for all Monte Carlo simulations. Incorporating spatial correlation when estimating the predator’s diet resulted in a consistent increase in precision across multiple levels of spatial correlation. Bias was often similar between the two estimators; however, when it differed it mostly favored the spatial estimator. The two estimators produced different estimates of proportional contribution of prey to the diets of the three field-collected predator species, especially when spatial correlation was strong and prey were consumed in patchy areas. Our simulation and empirical data provide strong evidence that data on food habits should be modeled using spatial approaches and not treated as spatially independent. }, number={2}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Binion-Rock, Samantha M. and Reich, Brian J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={249–267} }
 @article{rudershausen_runde_buckel_2019, title={Effectiveness of Venting and Descender Devices at Increasing Rates of Postrelease Survival of Black Sea Bass}, volume={40}, ISSN={0275-5947 1548-8675}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10387}, DOI={10.1002/nafm.10387}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={North American Journal of Fisheries Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Runde, B. J. and Buckel, J. A.}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={125–132} }
 @article{rudershausen_poland_merten_buckel_2019, title={Estimating Discard Mortality for Dolphinfish in a Recreational Hook‐and‐Line Fishery}, volume={39}, ISSN={0275-5947 1548-8675}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10348}, DOI={10.1002/nafm.10348}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={North American Journal of Fisheries Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Poland, Stephen J. and Merten, Wessley and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={1143–1154} }
 @article{hoos_buckel_boyd_loeffler_lee_2019, title={Fisheries management in the face of uncertainty: Designing time-area closures that are effective under multiple spatial patterns of fishing effort displacement in an estuarine gill net fishery}, volume={14}, ISSN={1932-6203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211103}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0211103}, abstractNote={A commonly cited reason for the failure of time-area closures to achieve fisheries management goals is the displacement of fishing effort from inside the closure into the surrounding area still open to fishing. Designing time-area closures that are predicted to achieve management goals under multiple spatial patterns of effort redistribution will increase chances of success. Using data from an estuarine gill net fishery, we tested if there are time-area closures predicted to reduce bycatch of two protected species groups while maintaining target catch under four simulated effort redistribution patterns. We found that the pattern of effort redistribution had a substantial impact on the amount of predicted bycatch in each closure scenario. Multiple closures were predicted to reduce bycatch of these species under all four simulations of effort redistribution. However, some combinations of closure and effort redistribution pattern resulted in estimated bycatch being higher than without a closure. We did not find any time-area closures that resulted in a predicted reduction in bycatch while maintaining target catch at original levels. We demonstrate a simple way for fisheries managers to account for the uncertainty in fishers' behavior by designing time-area closures that are predicted to reduce bycatch under multiple potential patterns of spatial redistribution of fishing effort.}, number={1}, journal={PLOS ONE}, publisher={Public Library of Science (PLoS)}, author={Hoos, Liza A. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Boyd, Jacob B. and Loeffler, Michael S. and Lee, Laura M.}, editor={Januchowski-Hartley, Fraser AndrewEditor}, year={2019}, month={Jan}, pages={e0211103} }
 @article{binion‐rock_buckel_rock_west_paramore_2019, title={Importance of Sample Gear in the Identification of Trophic Guilds and Forage Species in a Large Lagoonal Estuary}, volume={11}, ISSN={1942-5120 1942-5120}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10090}, DOI={10.1002/mcf2.10090}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={Marine and Coastal Fisheries}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Binion‐Rock, Samantha M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Rock, Jason E. and West, Katy and Paramore, Lee M.}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={393–413} }
 @article{runde_rudershausen_sauls_mikles_buckel_2019, title={Low discard survival of gray triggerfish in the southeastern US hook-and-line fishery}, volume={219}, ISSN={0165-7836}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2019.105313}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2019.105313}, abstractNote={We estimated condition-specific survival rates of gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus) using a tag-recapture approach and extrapolated these values to produce an overall discard survival estimate for the US South Atlantic recreational hook-and-line fishery. Tag return rates of fish tagged at the seafloor using SCUBA served as a reference for return rates of fish tagged at the surface. We examined the validity of gross necropsy as a proxy for survival by identifying likely causes of discard mortality. Best-condition surface-released fish (no external trauma) had an estimated mean proportional survival of 0.39 (95% confidence interval 0.28, 0.55). For gray triggerfish exhibiting visible trauma, estimated survival was 0.24 (0.10, 0.60). Floating fish had a survival rate of zero. The necropsy-based estimate of gray triggerfish lacking organ displacement closely matched the tag-based estimate of survival. Mean estimated discard survival across all depths for North Carolina was 0.35 (0.10, 0.59) and for Florida was 0.34 (0.08, 0.59). These results have implications for gray triggerfish management because our estimate of discard survival is substantially lower than previously assumed and for future discard survival research given our findings with gross necropsies.}, journal={Fisheries Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Sauls, Beverly and Mikles, Chloe S. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={105313} }
 @article{rudershausen_hightower_buckel_o’donnell_dubreuil_letcher_2019, title={Survival and Density of a Dominant Fish Species Across a Gradient of Urbanization in North Carolina Tidal Creeks}, volume={42}, ISSN={1559-2723 1559-2731}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-019-00575-5}, DOI={10.1007/s12237-019-00575-5}, number={6}, journal={Estuaries and Coasts}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Hightower, J. E. and Buckel, J. A. and O’Donnell, M. J. and Dubreuil, T. and Letcher, B. H.}, year={2019}, month={Jun}, pages={1632–1653} }
 @article{rudershausen_m. lee_lombardo_merrell_buckel_2019, title={Survival and Habitat of Yellow‐Phase American Eels in North Carolina Tidal Creeks}, volume={148}, ISSN={0002-8487 1548-8659}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10190}, DOI={10.1002/tafs.10190}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Transactions of the American Fisheries Society}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and M. Lee, Laura and Lombardo, Steven M. and Merrell, Jeffery H. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={978–990} }
 @article{honeycutt_deck_miller_severance_atkins_luckenbach_buckel_daniels_rice_borski_et al._2019, title={Warmer waters masculinize wild populations of a fish with temperature-dependent sex determination}, volume={9}, ISSN={2045-2322}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42944-x}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-019-42944-x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Scientific Reports}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Honeycutt, J. L. and Deck, C. A. and Miller, S. C. and Severance, M. E. and Atkins, E. B. and Luckenbach, J. A. and Buckel, J. A. and Daniels, H. V. and Rice, J. A. and Borski, R. J. and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Apr} }
 @article{bacheler_shertzer_buckel_rudershausen_runde_2018, title={Behavior of gray triggerfish Balistes capriscus around baited fish traps determined from fine-scale acoustic tracking}, volume={606}, ISSN={0171-8630 1616-1599}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps12780}, DOI={10.3354/meps12780}, abstractNote={Most reef fish surveys use bait to attract individuals to bite hooks, enter traps, or be counted on underwater video. The behavior of fish around baited gears, however, is poorly understood despite its importance for estimating catchability. We used a fine-scale acoustic positioning system to elucidate the movement behaviors of 11 telemetered gray triggerfish Balistes capriscus around 54 baited fish traps deployed at a 37 m deep site in Raleigh Bay, North Carolina, USA. Median positional error rates from a reference transmitter were 1−2 m, suggesting fish positions were accurate and precise. Overall, 104 170 spatial positions were determined for gray triggerfish over the 42 d study. There were 27 instances of telemetered gray triggerfish responding to baited fish traps. These fish responded from initial distances up to 312 m (mean = 68 m) from traps and spent 4−95% (mean = 35%) of their time within 20 m of traps. Using generalized additive models, we determined that telemetered gray triggerfish were most likely to respond to baited traps when they were initially located close to (<100 m), and down-current from, baited traps. There were substantial differences in gray triggerfish responses and water clarity across the 3 recapture periods, suggesting gray triggerfish use vision, olfaction, and perhaps sound to locate bait. Our modeling approach is general, and could be used to quantify the behavior of myriad organisms around sampling gears in various types of aquatic systems.}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, publisher={Inter-Research Science Center}, author={Bacheler, NM and Shertzer, KW and Buckel, JA and Rudershausen, PJ and Runde, BJ}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={133–150} }
 @article{runde_buckel_2018, title={Descender Devices are Promising Tools for Increasing Survival in Deepwater Groupers}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1942-5120"]}, DOI={10.1002/mcf2.10010}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2018}, month={Apr}, pages={100–117} }
 @article{mikles_harms_buckel_rudershausen_2018, title={Examining the Severity of Roof-Hooking Injuries in Dolphinfish: a Comparison between Computed Tomography and Gross Necropsy}, volume={39}, ISSN={0275-5947}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10252}, DOI={10.1002/nafm.10252}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={North American Journal of Fisheries Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Mikles, Chloe S. and Harms, Craig A. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Rudershausen, Paul J.}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={36–44} }
 @article{rudershausen_merrell_buckel_2018, title={Fragmentation of habitat affects communities and movement of nekton in salt marsh tidal creeks}, volume={586}, ISSN={["1616-1599"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps12385}, abstractNote={Supplement. Code modified from Kéry (2010) for fitting random-intercept binomially distributed generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) (logit links) via Bayesian inference to data on movement of adult Fundulus heteroclitus past road and reference crossings in North Carolina tidal creeks. GLMMs were run through R software by calling JAGS software. Similar code was used for additional models fitted to other combinations of covariates (see Table 3).}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Merrell, Jeffery H. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2018}, month={Jan}, pages={57–72} }
 @article{ellis_hightower_buckel_2018, title={Relative importance of fishing and natural mortality for spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) estimated from a tag-return model and corroborated with survey data}, volume={199}, ISSN={["1872-6763"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2017.11.004}, abstractNote={The spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus) is one of the most economically important sportfish in the U.S. South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, including at its northern distributional extent in North Carolina and Virginia. The recent stock assessment for this region used an assumed fixed rate of natural mortality (M), obtained from a general life-history relationship based on weight. However, biased estimates of fishing mortality (F) could result if the life-history proxy failed to capture either the magnitude or temporal variation in M. Data from the first comprehensive tag-return study of spotted seatrout in this region were used in a Bayesian statistical modeling framework to estimate F and M. Both laboratory and field studies, including high-reward and double tagging, were conducted to obtain estimates of auxiliary parameters (i.e., tag-reporting rate, tag loss, and tagging mortality) necessary for the tag-return model. There was no measured mortality associated with tagging, but reporting rate and loss of internal anchor tags limited returns in this study. From 2008 to 2012, tag-return model estimates of bimonthly instantaneous mortality rates ranged from 0.003 to 0.067 2-mo−1 for F and from 0.002 to 2.850 2-mo−1 for M. Annual estimates of F were much lower than M for the three years studied, and annual M-estimates were higher than those used for spotted seatrout in this region’s recent stock assessment. Bimonthly estimates of total mortality rate (Z) from tag-return data were similar to bimonthly estimates of Z from an independent analysis of concurrent gill net survey data, which corroborates the variability and magnitude of mortality estimates determined from tagging. A strong seasonal influence (i.e., winter severity) on annual loss of spotted seatrout was observed, suggesting that future assessments and management measures for this stock would be improved by explicitly accounting for temporal variation in M in models of fishery population dynamics.}, journal={FISHERIES RESEARCH}, author={Ellis, Timothy A. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2018}, month={Mar}, pages={81–93} }
 @article{runde_harris_buckel_2018, title={Symposium Review: Using Electronic Tags to Estimate Vital Rates in Fishes}, volume={43}, ISSN={0363-2415}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/FSH.10077}, DOI={10.1002/FSH.10077}, abstractNote={FisheriesVolume 43, Issue 6 p. 268-270 Column: 2017 Annual Meeting Symposium Review: Using Electronic Tags to Estimate Vital Rates in Fishes Brendan J. Runde, Brendan J. Runde bjrunde@ncsu.edu Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, 303 College Cir., Morehead City, NC, 28557Search for more papers by this authorJulianne E. Harris, Julianne E. Harris U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office, Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Vancouver, WASearch for more papers by this authorJeffrey A. Buckel, Jeffrey A. Buckel Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NCSearch for more papers by this author Brendan J. Runde, Brendan J. Runde bjrunde@ncsu.edu Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, 303 College Cir., Morehead City, NC, 28557Search for more papers by this authorJulianne E. Harris, Julianne E. Harris U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Office, Columbia River Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Vancouver, WASearch for more papers by this authorJeffrey A. Buckel, Jeffrey A. Buckel Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NCSearch for more papers by this author First published: 25 June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10077Citations: 2Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume43, Issue6June 2018Pages 268-270 RelatedInformation}, number={6}, journal={Fisheries}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Runde, Brendan J. and Harris, Julianne E. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2018}, month={Jun}, pages={268–270} }
 @article{ellis_buckel_hightower_poland_2017, title={Relating cold tolerance to winterkill for spotted seatrout at its northern latitudinal limits}, volume={490}, ISSN={["1879-1697"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jembe.2017.01.010}, abstractNote={In the absence of winter thermal refugia, acute cold stress can lead to episodic mass mortality (winterkill) in fishes. Populations existing near the northern extent of a species' latitudinal range, such as spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier, 1830), in North Carolina, USA, are particularly vulnerable to winterkill. Information on cold tolerance for spotted seatrout is incomplete, which limits understanding of a likely important source of natural mortality for this species. In this study, two laboratory experiments for controlled exposure of spotted seatrout to dynamic decreases in water temperature were conducted in order to determine cold tolerance as affected by either rapid or prolonged exposure to low-temperature extremes across upper- (10) and lower-estuarine (30) salinities. Under rapid exposure, spotted seatrout were unable to maintain equilibrium at temperatures ≤ 4°C, with a small but measured mitigating effect of high salinity on the onset of observed physiological stress. No fish survived prolonged exposure (2 d) to 3 °C but spotted seatrout were tolerant of exposures to 5 °C for approximately 5 d, after which survival precipitously declined. Survival after 10-d exposure to 7 °C was high but not absolute. Salinity had no measured effect on mortality rates in the prolonged exposure trials. These empirical estimates of low-temperature thresholds, along with previously determined field estimates of instantaneous winter natural mortality rate (M), were used to develop models for predicting M. Historic daily water temperatures were used to estimate winter M of spotted seatrout from 1994 to 2015. Predictions of M suggest winterkill (≥ 50% population loss) in eight of the last 22 years; these years correspond to anecdotal and fishery-independent observations of winterkill events in North Carolina. The results of this study provide strong evidence for thermally-limited overwinter survival of spotted seatrout at its northern latitudinal limits, where winterkill events can have population-level impacts.}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY}, author={Ellis, Timothy A. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Poland, Stephen J.}, year={2017}, month={May}, pages={42–51} }
 @article{ellis_buckel_hightower_2017, title={Winter severity influences spotted seatrout mortality in a southeast US estuarine system}, volume={564}, ISSN={["1616-1599"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps11985}, abstractNote={MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 564:145-161 (2017) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11985 Winter severity influences spotted seatrout mortality in a southeast US estuarine system Timothy A. Ellis1,*, Jeffrey A. Buckel1, Joseph E. Hightower2 1Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, 303 College Circle, Morehead City, NC 28557, USA 2Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA *Corresponding author: taellis@ncsu.edu ABSTRACT: Winterkill in spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus is associated with extreme cold conditions throughout much of the species’ geographic range. However, rigorous study is needed to confirm longstanding but largely untested assumptions that acute cold stress drives overwinter loss. We provide the first direct field-based estimates of spotted seatrout survival relative to the severity of cold temperatures. Spotted seatrout overwintering in North Carolina, USA, estuaries were tagged with ultrasonic transmitters and monitored during 3 consecutive and variable winters from 2009 to 2012. Fates of telemetered fish were inferred from daily movements and used in a multistate capture-recapture model to estimate instantaneous rates of natural mortality (M), fishing mortality, and emigration. Natural death was inferred for 7 fish in 2009/2010 (n = 34 telemetered spotted seatrout at risk), 6 fish in 2010/2011 (n = 9 fish at risk), and 1 fish in 2011/2012 (n = 65 fish at risk), and when estimable, weekly M ranged from 0.001 to 0.187. Daily estimates of natural mortality increased quickly with declining water temperatures (T), M = 1/[1 + e-(-0.714-0.756T)], and indicated that cold-stun deaths occurred when water temperatures were below ~7°C. Our results provide direct evidence that winterkill in spotted seatrout at its northern limits of distribution is related to the severity of low water temperatures and demonstrate that the simultaneous monitoring of telemetry-tagged animals and abiotic conditions is an effective approach to determine lethal environmental limits. KEY WORDS: Cynoscion nebulosus · Telemetry · Multistate · Capture-recapture · Survival · Winterkill · Cold tolerance · Temperature-dependent mortality · Mortality rate Full text in pdf format Supplementary material PreviousNextCite this article as: Ellis TA, Buckel JA, Hightower JE (2017) Winter severity influences spotted seatrout mortality in a southeast US estuarine system. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 564:145-161. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11985Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 564. Online publication date: February 03, 2017 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2017 Inter-Research.}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Ellis, Timothy A. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hightower, Joseph E.}, year={2017}, month={Feb}, pages={145–161} }
 @article{rudershausen_hightower_buckel_2016, title={Can optimal trap mesh size be predicted from body depth in a laterally-compressed fish species?}, volume={179}, ISSN={["1872-6763"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2016.03.007}, abstractNote={We used fish body depth to predict trap center-to-center mesh sizes that would optimize size selection of black sea bass Centropristis striata for both current and proposed minimum size limits for this species. We fished trap types of five different square mesh sizes/configurations: (1) 38.1 mm mesh, (2) 38.1 mm mesh on five sides and 50.8 mm mesh on one side (back panel trap), (3) 50.8 mm mesh, (4) 57.2 mm mesh, and (5) 63.5 mm mesh. The 38.1 mm mesh trap was the control trap type. Back panel traps are the minimally legal mesh configuration in this region while 50.8 mm mesh traps are commonly used in this fishery to further reduce culling of sub-legal black sea bass by fishers. Two previously untested mesh sizes, 57.2 and 63.5 mm, were evaluated because a previously published morphometric relationship between black sea bass body depth and total length (TL) predicted that the diagonal openings of these two respective mesh sizes would retain black sea bass close to the current (279 mm) and proposed minimum TL limits (305 mm). We estimated size selection of each experimental trap type by comparing catches of control and experimental traps. All but the back panel trap displayed relatively steep selection around the fish length at which 50% of individuals were selected (l50). Initial size at retention (l10) by the 57.2 and 63.5 mm trap types were nearly identical to current and proposed minimum fish sizes, respectively. Predictions from the body depth: TL relationship were very similar to estimates of l10 and l50, based on uncompressed body depth and compression to 93%. The 57.2 mm mesh and 63.5 mm mesh trap types maintained catches of legal fish but reduced catches of sub-legal fish compared to the back panel and 50.8 mm mesh trap types. Relative to back panel and 50.8 mm mesh traps, use of 57.2 mm mesh traps would reduce rates of discard and discard mortality given current size limits in this fishery.}, journal={FISHERIES RESEARCH}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Hightower, J. E. and Buckel, J. A.}, year={2016}, month={Jul}, pages={259–270} }
 @article{rudershausen_buckel_dueker_poland_hain_2016, title={Comparison of fish and invertebrate assemblages among variably altered tidal creeks in a coastal landscape}, volume={544}, ISSN={["1616-1599"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps11597}, abstractNote={Table S1. Habitat characteristics and environmental measurements of watershed, creek, and water quality metrics for six tidal creeks in coastal North Carolina (USA) sampled with a 1 m throw trap and wire mesh minnow traps monthly from spring-fall 2012 and 2013. Metrics apply only to that portion of each creek over which fish data were collected (see Methods for details). Minnow trap sampling was conducted in all six creeks; throw trap sampling occurred in each creek except Webb Creek. Measurements with associated parenthesis are: average (standard error).}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Buckel, J. A. and Dueker, M. A. and Poland, S. J. and Hain, E.}, year={2016}, month={Feb}, pages={15–35} }
 @article{brewer_rudershausen_sterba-boatwright_merrell_buckel_2016, title={Survival, Tag Retention, and Growth of Spot and Mummichog following PIT Tag Implantation}, volume={36}, ISSN={["1548-8675"]}, DOI={10.1080/02755947.2015.1135213}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT}, author={Brewer, Melissa A. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Sterba-Boatwright, Blair D. and Merrell, Jeffery H. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2016}, pages={639–651} }
 @article{rudershausen_price_buckel_2015, title={Can bycatch in a flatfish gillnet fishery be reduced with rectangular mesh?}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1365-2400"]}, DOI={10.1111/fme.12141}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Price, A. B. and Buckel, J. A.}, year={2015}, month={Oct}, pages={419–431} }
 @article{buckel_2014, title={Billion-Dollar Fish: The Untold Story of Alaska Pollock}, volume={39}, ISSN={0363-2415 1548-8446}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2014.903841}, DOI={10.1080/03632415.2014.903841}, abstractNote={FisheriesVolume 39, Issue 5 p. 221-221 Book Review Billion-Dollar Fish: The Untold Story of Alaska Pollock Jeffrey A. Buckel, Jeffrey A. Buckel Department of Applied Ecology, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NCSearch for more papers by this author Jeffrey A. Buckel, Jeffrey A. Buckel Department of Applied Ecology, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology, North Carolina State University, Morehead City, NCSearch for more papers by this author First published: 21 May 2014 https://doi.org/10.1080/03632415.2014.903841Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume39, Issue5May 2014Pages 221-221 RelatedInformation}, number={5}, journal={Fisheries}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={221–221} }
 @article{callihan_godwin_buckel_2014, title={Effect of demography on spatial distribution: movement patterns of the Albemarle Sound-Roanoke River stock of Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) in relation to their recovery}, volume={112}, ISSN={["1937-4518"]}, DOI={10.7755/fb.112.2-3.3}, number={2-3}, journal={FISHERY BULLETIN}, author={Callihan, Jody L. and Godwin, Charlton H. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2014}, pages={131–143} }
 @article{morley_buckel_2014, title={Effects of temperature and prey size on predator-prey interactions between bluefish and bay anchovy}, volume={461}, ISSN={["1879-1697"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jembe.2014.08.023}, abstractNote={Little is known about the behavioral responses of fishes at low temperatures. Of particular interest are predator–prey interactions because feeding at low temperature is necessary for the overwinter survival of many species. This experiment examined how low temperatures affect behavioral interactions between bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix L.) and two sizes of bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli V.) prey. Temperature had an effect on multiple responses of predator–prey encounters including the approach distance of bluefish towards prey, attack and escape speeds, and prey handling time. The reaction distance of prey was important in determining the outcome of an attack; anchovy reacting at a greater distance from an attacking bluefish escaped more often. However, temperature did not have an effect on either reaction distance or bluefish capture success. The influence of prey size depended on how capture success was defined. Bluefish ability at catching prey was not affected by anchovy size, but larger prey were ingested less frequently due to a greater incidence of prey being dropped in trials with large anchovy. Further, bluefish had greater difficulty handling and ingesting prey at lower temperatures, especially for larger prey. At the lowest temperature treatment small anchovy were readily consumed, but no attacks were made on larger prey. This shows that bluefish modify prey size-selectivity behavior based on temperature, which probably results from a perceived inability to handle and ingest large prey at low temperatures. These results suggest that at low winter temperatures bluefish are restricted to smaller prey.}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY}, author={Morley, James W. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2014}, month={Dec}, pages={449–457} }
 @article{rudershausen_buckel_dubreuil_o'donnell_hightower_poland_letcher_2014, title={Estimating movement and survival rates of a small saltwater fish using autonomous antenna receiver arrays and passive integrated transponder tags}, volume={499}, DOI={10.3354/meps10656}, abstractNote={We evaluated the performance of small (12.5 mm long) passive integrated transpon- der (PIT) tags and custom detection antennas for obtaining fine-scale movement and demographic data of mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus in a salt marsh creek. Apparent survival and detection probability were estimated using a Cormack Jolly Seber (CJS) model fitted to detection data col- lected by an array of 3 vertical antennas from November 2010 to March 2011 and by a single hor- izontal antenna from April to August 2011. Movement of mummichogs was monitored during the period when the array of vertical antennas was used. Antenna performance was examined in situ using tags placed in wooden dowels (drones) and in live mummichogs. Of the 44 tagged fish, 42 were resighted over the 9 mo monitoring period. The in situ detection probabilities of the drone and live mummichogs were high (~80�100%) when the ambient water depth was less than ~0.8 m. Upstream and downstream movement of mummichogs was related to hourly water depth and direction of tidal current in a way that maximized time periods over which mummichogs uti- lized the intertidal vegetated marsh. Apparent survival was lower during periods of colder water temperatures in December 2010 and early January 2011 (median estimate of daily apparent sur- vival = 0.979) than during other periods of the study (median estimate of daily apparent survival = 0.992). During late fall and winter, temperature had a positive effect on the CJS detection proba- bility of a tagged mummichog, likely due to greater fish activity over warmer periods. During the spring and summer, this pattern reversed possibly due to mummichogs having reduced activity during the hottest periods. This study demonstrates the utility of PIT tags and continuously oper- ating autonomous detection systems for tracking fish at fine temporal scales, and improving esti- mates of demographic parameters in salt marsh creeks that are difficult or impractical to sample with active fishing gear.}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Buckel, J. A. and Dubreuil, T. and O'Donnell, M. J. and Hightower, J. E. and Poland, S. J. and Letcher, B. H.}, year={2014}, pages={177–192} }
 @article{rudershausen_buckel_hightower_2014, title={Estimating reef fish discard mortality using surface and bottom tagging: effects of hook injury and barotrauma}, volume={71}, ISSN={0706-652X 1205-7533}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0337}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2013-0337}, abstractNote={ We estimated survival rates of discarded black sea bass (Centropristis striata) in various release conditions using tag–recapture data. Fish were captured with traps and hook and line from waters 29–34 m deep off coastal North Carolina, USA, marked with internal anchor tags, and observed for release condition. Fish tagged on the bottom using SCUBA served as a control group. Relative return rates for trap-caught fish released at the surface versus bottom provided an estimated survival rate of 0.87 (95% credible interval 0.67–1.18) for surface-released fish. Adjusted for results from the underwater tagging experiment, fish with evidence of external barotrauma had a median survival rate of 0.91 (0.69–1.26) compared with 0.36 (0.17–0.67) for fish with hook trauma and 0.16 (0.08–0.30) for floating or presumably dead fish. Applying these condition-specific estimates of survival to non-tagging fishery data, we estimated a discard survival rate of 0.81 (0.62–1.11) for 11 hook and line data sets from waters 20–35 m deep and 0.86 (0.67–1.17) for 10 trap data sets from waters 11–29 m deep. The tag-return approach using a control group with no fishery-associated trauma represents a method to accurately estimate absolute discard survival of physoclistous reef species. }, number={4}, journal={Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Rudershausen, P.J. and Buckel, J.A. and Hightower, J.E.}, editor={Jech, Josef MichaelEditor}, year={2014}, month={Apr}, pages={514–520} }
 @article{callihan_godwin_dockendorf_buckel_2014, title={Growth and Mortality of Hatchery-Reared Striped Bass Stocked into Nonnatal Systems}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1548-8675"]}, DOI={10.1080/02755947.2014.951805}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT}, author={Callihan, Jody L. and Godwin, Charlton H. and Dockendorf, Kevin J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2014}, pages={1131–1139} }
 @article{butler_hanrahan_buckel_rudershausen_juanes_smith_2014, title={Size-Selective Feeding in Captive and Free-Ranging Atlantic Bluefin Tuna}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1942-5120"]}, DOI={10.1080/19425120.2014.886644}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES}, author={Butler, Christopher M. and Hanrahan, Brian and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Juanes, Francis and Smith, Joseph W.}, year={2014}, pages={81–88} }
 @article{morley_buckel_lankford_2013, title={Relative contribution of spring- and summer-spawned bluefish cohorts to the adult population: effects of size-selective winter mortality, overwinter growth, and sampling bias}, volume={70}, ISSN={["1205-7533"]}, DOI={10.1139/cjfas-2012-0332}, abstractNote={ Length distributions of juvenile bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) are bimodal, consisting of spring- and summer-spawned fish. Research during the 1990s from the northeastern United States suggested that the summer cohort contributes little to the adult population and that overwinter mortality may limit their survival. We examined length distributions of juvenile bluefish from before and after winter and found that the mean length of the summer cohort increased during winter. Based on a winter-growth experiment and temperatures from the two winters examined, changes in mean length were due to size-selective mortality for one year class and growth for the other. Despite evidence for winter mortality, summer-spawned bluefish were commonly caught at age 1. We reexamined the relative contribution of each cohort to the adult population using archived scales from North Carolina fisheries. Cohort origin of adults was determined by back-calculating length at age 1. One-third of adults consisted of summer-spawned fish, contrasting with previous research from the northeast. The differences in relative cohort abundance between the northeastern and southeastern United States arise from sized-based migration in age-1 and age-2 bluefish (the dominant age groups sampled in these studies) and the size-selective gear and sampling season in which they were collected. }, number={2}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Morley, James W. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Lankford, Thomas E., Jr.}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={233–244} }
 @article{friedl_buckel_hightower_scharf_pollock_2013, title={Telemetry-Based Mortality Estimates of Juvenile Spot in Two North Carolina Estuarine Creeks}, volume={142}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1080/00028487.2012.730108}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Friedl, Sarah E. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Scharf, Fred S. and Pollock, Kenneth H.}, year={2013}, month={Mar}, pages={399–415} }
 @article{rudershausen_buckel_bolton_gregory_averett_conn_2012, title={A comparison between circle hook and J hook performance in the dolphinfish, yellowfish tuna, and wahoo troll fishery off the coast of North Carolina}, volume={110}, number={2}, journal={Fishery Bulletin}, author={Rudershausen, P.J. and Buckel, J.A. and Bolton, G. and Gregory, R. and Averett, T. and Conn, P.}, year={2012}, month={Apr}, pages={156–175} }
 @article{morley_buckel_lankford_2012, title={Comparing Multiple Predictors of Energy Content in Juvenile Bluefish}, volume={141}, ISSN={["0002-8487"]}, DOI={10.1080/00028487.2012.675909}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Morley, James W. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Lankford, Thomas E., Jr.}, year={2012}, pages={1109–1116} }
 @article{bacheler_buckel_paramore_2012, title={Density-dependent habitat use and growth of an estuarine fish}, volume={69}, ISSN={0706-652X 1205-7533}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2012-098}, DOI={10.1139/f2012-098}, abstractNote={ Density dependence can stabilize or destabilize population size through negative or positive feedback controls operating over different spatial and temporal scales. While many species have been shown to exhibit density dependence, the topic has received little attention in estuaries where environmental variability and larval supply are often considered to be the primary drivers of population dynamics. We used multiple long-term, fishery-independent data sets and a unique modeling approach to test the hypothesis that juvenile red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ) exhibit density-dependent habitat use and growth rates in estuaries in North Carolina, USA. Age-1 red drum exhibited density-dependent habitat use after accounting for environmental and landscape variables, disproportionately increasing northward and coastward in the study area at high abundance. Apparent individual growth rates of age-0 and age-1 red drum were generally negatively related to the abundance of their own age classes, but evidence of density-dependent growth rates for age-2 red drum was weak to nonexistent. Changes in spatial distribution of red drum when overall abundance was high did not overcome density-dependent effects on individual growth rates. Thus, density-dependent effects have potential negative feedbacks on population growth in estuaries and should not be ignored in future theoretical or empirical estuarine studies. }, number={11}, journal={Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Paramore, Lee M.}, editor={Rochet, Marie-JoëlleEditor}, year={2012}, month={Nov}, pages={1734–1747} }
 @article{adamski_buckel_martin_ahrenholz_hare_2012, title={FERTILIZATION DATES, PELAGIC LARVAL DURATIONS, AND GROWTH IN GAG (MYCTEROPERCA MICROLEPIS) FROM NORTH CAROLINA, USA}, volume={88}, ISSN={["1553-6955"]}, DOI={10.5343/bms.2012.1003}, abstractNote={We estimated pelagic larval duration (PLD) and age from the otolith microstructure of post-larval and juvenile gag, Mycteroperca microlepis (Goode and Bean, 1879). These estimates were used to: (1) estimate spawning periods; (2) evaluate lunar periodicity in spawning; (3) assess relationships between PLD and fertilization date, ingress date, capture date, and size at capture; and (4) compare juvenile growth rates in two consecutive years and with rates determined in previous studies. Postlarval and juvenile gag were collected from late spring to early fall of 2007 and 2008 using a variety of gear types; otoliths from postlarvae collected in previous years were also examined. Estimated fertilization dates ranged from February to April with concentrations aligned with the first and third quarters of the lunar cycle. The mean PLD was approximately 45 d for fish collected as postlarvae or juveniles despite a 6 mo range of collection dates (April-September). The distributions of PLDs were similar among sampling months suggesting no effect of PLD on subsequent survival. Although there was no relationship between PLD and date of ingress, PLD was shorter for fish with later fertilization dates. Juvenile growth rates derived from length and estimated ages were approximately 1.4 mm d-1 during summer months and did not differ between years. Our findings support the timing (January-April) of fishing closures on aggregations of spawning gag in the southeast US and suggest that post-settlement survival is not linked to PLD}, number={4}, journal={BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE}, author={Adamski, Kyle M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Martin, Gretchen Bath and Ahrenholz, Dean W. and Hare, Jonathan A.}, year={2012}, month={Oct}, pages={971–986} }
 @article{wuenschel_able_buckel_morley_lankford_branson_conover_drisco_jordaan_dunton_et al._2012, title={Recruitment Patterns and Habitat Use of Young-of-the-Year Bluefish along the United States East Coast: Insights from Coordinated Coastwide Sampling}, volume={20}, ISSN={["1547-6553"]}, DOI={10.1080/10641262.2012.660999}, abstractNote={Protracted spawning and pulsed juvenile production are common in coastal spawning fishes, the phenology of which determines potential environmental effects on recruitment. This article examines bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), a cosmopolitan coastal spawning species that produces multiple cohorts of juveniles utilizing both estuarine and coastal habitats as nurseries along the U.S. east coast. To determine recruitment on a coastwide basis, ocean (bottom, neuston, and surfzone) and estuarine habitats were sampled in Florida and North Carolina south of Cape Hatteras in the South Atlantic Bight, and Maryland, New Jersey, and New York in the Middle Atlantic Bight. This coordinated sampling effort across multiple habitats with multiple gears on a coastwide basis allowed the resolution of the occurrence, growth, and movement of cohorts along the coast. Production of the spring-spawned cohort occurred in both South Atlantic Bight and Middle Atlantic Bight habitats, while summer-spawned cohort production was limited to the Middle Atlantic Bight. Information from the present study is synthesized with prior research to develop a conceptual model of the seasonal patterns of YOY bluefish habitat use and to emphasize the value of coordinated sampling at a large spatial scale in understanding recruitment processes in this and potentially other important marine species.}, number={2}, journal={REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE}, author={Wuenschel, Mark J. and Able, Kenneth W. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Morley, James W. and Lankford, Thomas and Branson, A. C. and Conover, David O. and Drisco, Damien and Jordaan, Adrian and Dunton, Keith and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={80–102} }
 @article{adamski_buckel_shertzer_martin_taylor_2011, title={Developing Fishery-Independent Indices of Larval and Juvenile Gag Abundance in the Southeastern United States}, volume={140}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1080/00028487.2011.601213}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Adamski, Kyle M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Shertzer, Kyle W. and Martin, Gretchen Bath and Taylor, J. Christopher}, year={2011}, month={Jul}, pages={973–983} }
 @misc{hunsicker_ciannelli_bailey_buckel_white_link_essington_gaichas_anderson_brodeur_et al._2011, title={Functional responses and scaling in predator-prey interactions of marine fishes: Contemporary issues and emerging concepts}, volume={14}, number={12}, journal={Ecology Letters}, author={Hunsicker, M. E. and Ciannelli, L. and Bailey, K. M. and Buckel, J. A. and White, J. W. and Link, J. S. and Essington, T. E. and Gaichas, S. and Anderson, T. W. and Brodeur, R. D. and et al.}, year={2011}, pages={1288–1299} }
 @article{rudershausen_mitchell_buckel_williams_hazen_2010, title={Developing a two-step fishery-independent design to estimate the relative abundance of deepwater reef fish: Application to a marine protected area off the southeastern United States coast}, volume={105}, ISSN={["0165-7836"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2010.05.005}, abstractNote={Reliable data on reef fishes inhabiting the southeastern United States (North Carolina to Florida) continental shelf large marine ecosystem are difficult to obtain; catch quotas and time and area closures limit the collection of fishery-dependent samples. Further, unbiased fishery-independent samples are expensive to collect with conventional fishing gear. Consequently, stock assessments are often data-limited, especially for deepwater reef species. We estimated the relative abundance of deepwater reef fish with a double sampling approach using fisheries acoustics and conventional fishing gear (hook and line and chevron traps). Double sampling occurred within the newly-created Snowy Wreck Marine Protected Area and a nearby control site. Reef fish concentrations were identified by a single-beam Simrad ES60 transceiver with a transducer operating at 38 kHz. Hook and line samples were collected at 73 acoustic events, and chevron trap samples were collected at 20 acoustic events. The relationship between fisheries acoustic data and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data was examined to develop a model to predict species-generic CPUE at unfished locations. Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC) found equal support for linear, exponential, and power relationships between acoustic backscatter and CPUE for each conventional fishing gear. Further model development would be aided by refining acoustic target information and applying complimentary fish sampling gears (i.e., split-beam fisheries acoustics gear, underwater video). Given further development, a double sampling design should be useful to estimate the relative abundance of important deepwater reef species over a wide area of the shelf break off the southeastern United States, utilizing either survey vessels or vessels-of-opportunity to rapidly collect acoustic samples.}, number={3}, journal={FISHERIES RESEARCH}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Mitchell, W. A. and Buckel, J. A. and Williams, E. H. and Hazen, E.}, year={2010}, pages={254–260} }
 @article{rudershausen_buckel_edwards_gannon_butler_averett_2010, title={Feeding Ecology of Blue Marlins, Dolphinfish, Yellowfin Tuna, and Wahoos from the North Atlantic Ocean and Comparisons with Other Oceans}, volume={139}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1577/t09-105.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Edwards, Jason and Gannon, Damon P. and Butler, Christopher M. and Averett, Tyler W.}, year={2010}, month={Sep}, pages={1335–1359} }
 @article{butler_rudershausen_buckel_2010, title={Feeding ecology of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in North Carolina: Diet, daily ration, and consumption of Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus)}, volume={108}, number={1}, journal={Fishery Bulletin (Washington, D.C.)}, author={Butler, C. M. and Rudershausen, P. J. and Buckel, J. A.}, year={2010}, pages={56–69} }
 @article{bacheler_hightower_burdick_paramore_buckel_pollock_2010, title={Using generalized linear models to estimate selectivity from short-term recoveries of tagged red drum Sciaenops ocellatus: Effects of gear, fate, and regulation period}, volume={102}, ISSN={["1872-6763"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2009.12.007}, abstractNote={Estimating the selectivity patterns of various fishing gears is a critical component of fisheries stock assessment due to the difficulty in obtaining representative samples from most gears. We used short-term recoveries (n = 3587) of tagged red drum Sciaenops ocellatus to directly estimate age- and length-based selectivity patterns using generalized linear models. The most parsimonious models were selected using AIC, and standard deviations were estimated using simulations. Selectivity of red drum was dependent upon the regulation period in which the fish was caught, the gear used to catch the fish (i.e., hook-and-line, gill nets, pound nets), and the fate of the fish upon recovery (i.e., harvested or released); models including all first-order interactions between main effects outperformed models without interactions. Selectivity of harvested fish was generally dome-shaped and shifted toward larger, older fish in response to regulation changes. Selectivity of caught-and-released red drum was highest on the youngest and smallest fish in the early and middle regulation periods, but increased on larger, legal-sized fish in the late regulation period. These results suggest that catch-and-release mortality has consistently been high for small, young red drum, but has recently become more common in larger, older fish. This method of estimating selectivity from short-term tag recoveries is valuable because it is simpler than full tag-return models, and may be more robust because yearly fishing and natural mortality rates do not need to be modeled and estimated.}, number={3}, journal={FISHERIES RESEARCH}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Burdick, Summer M. and Paramore, Lee M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Pollock, Kenneth H.}, year={2010}, month={Mar}, pages={266–275} }
 @article{bacheler_buckel_hightower_paramore_pollock_2009, title={A combined telemetry - tag return approach to estimate fishing and natural mortality rates of an estuarine fish}, volume={66}, ISSN={["1205-7533"]}, DOI={10.1139/F09-076}, abstractNote={A joint analysis of tag return and telemetry data should improve estimates of mortality rates for exploited fishes; however, the combined approach has thus far only been tested in terrestrial systems. We tagged subadult red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ) with conventional tags and ultrasonic transmitters over 3 years in coastal North Carolina, USA, to test the efficacy of the combined telemetry – tag return approach. There was a strong seasonal pattern to monthly fishing mortality rate (F) estimates from both conventional and telemetry tags; highest F values occurred in fall months and lowest levels occurred during winter. Although monthly F values were similar in pattern and magnitude between conventional tagging and telemetry, information on F in the combined model came primarily from conventional tags. The estimated natural mortality rate (M) in the combined model was low (estimated annual rate ± standard error: 0.04 ± 0.04) and was based primarily upon the telemetry approach. Using high-reward tagging, we estimated different tag reporting rates for state agency and university tagging programs. The combined telemetry – tag return approach can be an effective approach for estimating F and M as long as several key assumptions of the model are met.}, number={8}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Paramore, Lee M. and Pollock, Kenneth H.}, year={2009}, month={Aug}, pages={1230–1244} }
 @article{bacheler_paramore_buckel_hightower_2009, title={Abiotic and biotic factors influence the habitat use of an estuarine fish}, volume={377}, ISSN={["0171-8630"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps07805}, abstractNote={For migratory fishes that occupy multiple habitats, surveys conducted at different scales may be required to assess habitat use. We used generalized additive models (GAMs) to relate water quality, microhabitat, geographic, and temporal factors to catches of 2 age classes of subadult red drum Sciaenops ocellatus from a 6 yr fishery-independent gill net survey in North Carolina, USA. Age-1 and age-2 red drum were most often caught in shallow, nearshore waters; in some regions, both showed a preference for seagrass. Age-1 red drum were primarily captured at 2 different salin- ity ranges (0 to 5 and 20 to 30 psu), while age-2 red drum abundance was not related to salinity. A smaller-scale analysis of 36 telemetered age-2 red drum in a small tributary of the Neuse River showed a negative response to salinity, a positive response to dissolved oxygen, a dome-shaped response to prey evenness, and a positive response to total prey. Although subadult red drum can tol- erate a wide variety of environmental conditions, our research suggests that they associate with both abiotic and biotic factors in very specific ways. Habitat use patterns of subadult red drum were age-, scale-, and sometimes region-dependent, highlighting the need for examining habitat use patterns of estuarine organisms at multiple life history stages and scales if generalities about how species respond to abiotic and biotic factors are sought.}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Paramore, Lee M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hightower, Joseph E.}, year={2009}, pages={263–277} }
 @article{scharf_buckel_juanes_2009, title={Contrasting patterns of resource utilization between juvenile estuarine predators: the influence of relative prey size and foraging ability on the ontogeny of piscivory}, volume={66}, ISSN={["0706-652X"]}, DOI={10.1139/F09-030}, abstractNote={ In aquatic systems, ontogenetic patterns of resource utilization strongly influence growth and survival, particularly during early life stages. We compared prey resource use and evaluated potential factors affecting the timing of the shift to piscivorous feeding in two juvenile estuarine fish predators: striped bass ( Morone saxatilis ) and bluefish ( Pomatomus saltatrix ). In New York Bight estuaries, bluefish shift to piscivory earlier in ontogeny and consume larger relative prey fish sizes compared with striped bass. Predator gape allometries are similar and did not determine maximum prey sizes eaten. Experimental results revealed marked differences in foraging abilities between predators, with bluefish realizing much greater foraging efficiency compared with striped bass feeding on identical fish prey. Both predators demonstrated lower feeding efficiency and grew relatively poorly when feeding on invertebrates compared with fish prey. When held together under limited prey conditions, bluefish exploited a greater proportion of available prey at the expense of striped bass. Our findings highlight the importance of the availability of appropriately sized forage fishes to the ontogeny of piscivory and provide evidence that predator–prey size relationships and disparate foraging abilities can generate inter- and intra-specific variation in patterns of resource utilization and predator growth. }, number={5}, journal={CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES}, author={Scharf, Frederick S. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Juanes, Francis}, year={2009}, month={May}, pages={790–801} }
 @article{buckel_pessutti_rosendale_link_2009, title={Interactions between bluefish and striped bass: Behavior of bluefish under size- and number-impaired conditions and overlap in resource use}, volume={368}, ISSN={["1879-1697"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jembe.2008.09.002}, abstractNote={A decline in bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix L.) recreational landings during the 1990s and the early 2000s led to multiple theories on the ultimate cause. One theory was that a large portion of the bluefish population moved offshore and was unavailable to nearshore recreational fishers; one reason given for the movement offshore was increased competition with striped bass (Morone saxatilis W.). We conducted laboratory experiments (feeding and non-feeding) to examine behavioral interactions between adult bluefish and sub-adult striped bass in a large (121,000 L) research aquarium. Additionally, we examined diet and habitat overlap of bluefish and striped bass from the fall and spring bottom trawl surveys conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service. Observations of feeding trials for the following treatments were made: non-impaired (i.e., same number and size of bluefish and striped bass), size-impaired (i.e., large striped bass/small bluefish), number-impaired (i.e.,10 striped bass/3bluefish), and single-species controls. Within a species, there was no difference in a variety of behavioral measures (e.g., attack rate, capture success, ingestion rate, and activity) between mixed- and control treatments under non-impaired or size-impaired conditions. However, behavior of number-impaired bluefish differed from control and size-impaired fish suggesting that striped bass may have a negative influence on bluefish foraging when bluefish are “out-numbered”. Feeding had a strong effect on swimming speeds for both species. Diet and habitat overlap between bluefish and striped bass in continental shelf waters was low. Overall, foraging behavior in mixed-species treatments and field observations suggest no competitive interactions between adult bluefish and sub-adult striped bass.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY}, author={Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Pessutti, Jeffrey P. and Rosendale, John E. and Link, Jason S.}, year={2009}, month={Jan}, pages={129–137} }
 @article{taylor_mitchell_buckel_walsh_shertzer_martin_hare_2009, title={Relationships between Larval and Juvenile Abundance of Winter‐Spawned Fishes in North Carolina, USA}, volume={1}, ISSN={1942-5120 1942-5120}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/c08-015.1}, DOI={10.1577/c08-015.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={Marine and Coastal Fisheries}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Taylor, J. Christopher and Mitchell, Warren A. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Walsh, Harvey J. and Shertzer, Kyle W. and Martin, Gretchen Bath and Hare, Jonathan A.}, year={2009}, month={Jan}, pages={12–21} }
 @article{bacheler_paramore_burdick_buckel_hightower_2009, title={Variation in movement patterns of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) inferred from conventional tagging and ultrasonic telemetry}, volume={107}, number={4}, journal={Fishery Bulletin (Washington, D.C.)}, author={Bacheler, N. M. and Paramore, L. M. and Burdick, S. M. and Buckel, J. A. and Hightower, J. E.}, year={2009}, pages={405–419} }
 @article{schwenke_buckel_2008, title={Age, growth, and reproduction of dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) caught off the coast of North Carolina}, volume={106}, number={1}, journal={Fishery Bulletin}, author={Schwenke, K.L. and Buckel, J.A.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={82–92} }
 @article{bacheler_hightower_paramore_buckel_pollock_2008, title={An Age-Dependent Tag Return Model for Estimating Mortality and Selectivity of an Estuarine-Dependent Fish with High Rates of Catch and Release}, volume={137}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1577/T07-146.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Hightower, Joseph E. and Paramore, Lee M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Pollock, Kenneth H.}, year={2008}, month={Sep}, pages={1422–1432} }
 @article{rudershausen_baker_buckel_2008, title={Catch rates and selectivity among three trap types in the US South Atlantic black sea bass commercial trap fishery}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1548-8675"]}, DOI={10.1577/M07-159.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Baker, M. Scott, Jr. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={1099–1107} }
 @article{rudershausen_williams_buckel_potts_manooch_2008, title={Comparison of Reef Fish Catch per Unit Effort and Total Mortality between the 1970s and 2005-2006 in Onslow Bay, North Carolina}, volume={137}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1577/T07-159.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Rudershausen, Paul J. and Williams, Erik H. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Potts, Jennifer C. and Manooch, Charles S., III}, year={2008}, month={Sep}, pages={1389–1405} }
 @article{tuomikoski_rudershausen_buckel_hightower_2008, title={Effects of age-1 striped bass predation on juvenile fish in western Albemarle Sound}, volume={137}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1577/T05-239.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Tuomikoski, Jack E. and Rudershausen, Paul J. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Hightower, Joseph E.}, year={2008}, month={Jan}, pages={324–339} }
 @article{bacheler_paramore_buckel_scharf_2008, title={Recruitment of juvenile red drum in North Carolina: Spatiotemporal patterns of year-class strength and validation of a seine survey}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1548-8675"]}, DOI={10.1577/M07-144.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Paramore, Lee M. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Scharf, Frederick S.}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={1086–1098} }
 @article{rudershausen_buckel_2007, title={Discard composition and release fate in the snapper and grouper commercial hook-and-line fishery in North Carolina, USA}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1365-2400"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00530.x}, abstractNote={Abstract  Minimum size limits may be ineffective for reef fishes because they often sustain barotrauma when caught from deep (>20 m) waters. A study was undertaken in conjunction with hook‐and‐line commercial fishermen to calculate discard percentages and evaluate potential release mortality of eight economically important species: black sea bass, Centropristis striata (Linnaeus), red grouper, Epinephelus morio (Valenciennes), snowy grouper, Epinephelus niveatus (Valenciennes), gag, Mycteroperca microlepis (Goode and Bean), scamp, Mycteroperca phenax (Jordan and Swain), vermilion snapper, Rhomboplites aurorubens (Cuvier), white grunt, Haemulon plumieri (Lacepède) and red porgy, Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus). Fishing with baited hook and line occurred in 2004 and 2005 in Onslow Bay, NC, in waters 19–150 m deep. Sub‐legal discard rates were 15% for vermilion snapper, 25% for red porgy, 7% for red grouper, 33% for gag, 35% for scamp and 12% for black sea bass. Although mortality based on post‐release behaviour was relatively low, higher mortalities estimated from models incorporating hooking location and depth of capture suggest that minimum size limits may not provide the population benefits intended by management in the North Carolina reef fishery.}, number={2}, journal={FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY}, author={Rudershausen, P. J. and Buckel, J. A.}, year={2007}, month={Apr}, pages={103–113} }
 @article{slater_lankford_buckel_2007, title={Overwintering ability of young-of-the-year bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix: effect of ration and cohort of origin on survival}, volume={339}, ISSN={0171-8630 1616-1599}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps339259}, DOI={10.3354/meps339259}, abstractNote={Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix have experienced declines in recruitment and adult abun- dance along the US East Coast since the mid-1980s. At the onset of winter, young-of-the-year (YOY) bluefish exhibit a multimodal size distribution including larger, spring-spawned fish (spring cohort) and smaller, summer-spawned fish (summer cohort). Declines in the adult stock appear to coincide with declines in recruitment success of the summer cohort. We investigated the hypothesis that poor recruitment success of the summer cohort results from size-selective winter mortality. Winter meso- cosm experiments were conducted to examine the effects of cohort of origin (spring vs. summer) and food availability (fed vs. unfed) on winter survival of YOY bluefish. Spring fish entered winter with sig- nificantly greater lipid reserves than summer fish. When fed, both cohorts stored lipids during late fall, depleted lipid reserves during winter, and experienced high overwinter survival. When starved, both cohorts mobilized lipids from multiple depots (liver, viscera, white muscle, red muscle, skin) and sum- mer fish experienced starvation mortality ~6 wk prior to spring fish. Although summer fish were more susceptible to winter starvation than spring fish, their starvation endurance (>90% survival probabil- ity after 120 d) appeared more than adequate to survive natural winter conditions. Interestingly, spring fish suffered a brief mortality event during January when water temperatures dropped briefly below 6°C, suggesting that larger individuals are less tolerant of acute cold stress. The remarkable starvation endurance of summer-spawned bluefish, coupled with their capacity for rapid lipid storage during fall and reduced rates of lipid depletion at low temperatures, implies that members of this cohort are physiologically well-equipped to survive their first winter of life. Our findings are inconsistent with the hypothesis that winter starvation accounts for decreased recruitment of the summer cohort to the western Atlantic stock.}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, publisher={Inter-Research Science Center}, author={Slater, JJ and Lankford, TE, Jr and Buckel, JA}, year={2007}, month={Jun}, pages={259–269} }
 @article{morley_buckel_lankford te_2007, title={Winter energy storage dynamics and cohort structure of young-of-the-year bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix off North Carolina}, volume={334}, ISSN={0171-8630 1616-1599}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps334273}, DOI={10.3354/meps334273}, abstractNote={The ecology of overwintering young-of-the-year bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix off North Carolina, USA, was examined for the 2001 and 2002 year-classes, to test the hypothesis that over- winter mortality affects the recruitment of summer-spawned bluefish. A trawling survey was con- ducted in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, from October 2001 to May 2002 and from September 2002 to June 2003 to determine bluefish abundance, cohort structure, energy density of white muscle and liver, and gut fullness. Up to 4 transects ranging from 0.4 to 16.1 km from shore were sampled monthly. Abundance of bluefish in Onslow Bay was high during the fall and declined with decreas- ing temperature in both years. Winter abundance was related to winter severity, with higher catches during the more mild winter of 2001 to 2002. At least 3 young-of-the-year cohorts were observed in both years. Gut fullness values generally followed temperature patterns, with reduced feeding during the winter. Energy reserves in white muscle and liver tissues peaked in November with larger fish having disproportionately more energy. However, by mid-winter there was little difference in energy reserves between the cohorts. These data suggest that larger fish deplete a greater portion of their energy stores as the season progresses while smaller fish deplete energy more slowly. Catch data show that summer-spawned bluefish survive the winter, but the magnitude of overwinter mortality remains uncertain.}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, publisher={Inter-Research Science Center}, author={Morley, JW and Buckel, JA and Lankford TE, Jr}, year={2007}, month={Mar}, pages={273–286} }
 @article{scharf_buckel_rose_juanes_cowan_2006, title={Effects of variable prey and cohort dynamics on growth of young-of-the-year estuarine bluefish: Evidence for interactions between spring- and summer-spawned cohorts}, volume={135}, ISSN={["0002-8487"]}, DOI={10.1577/T05-075.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Scharf, Frederick S. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Rose, Kenneth A. and Juanes, Francis and Cowan, James H., Jr.}, year={2006}, month={Sep}, pages={1266–1289} }
 @article{buckel_hines_mcarthur_2006, title={Incidental catch and discard of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, in a large mesh Paralichthyidae gillnet fishery: experimental evaluation of a fisher's experience at limiting bycatch}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1365-2400"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2400.2006.00485.x}, abstractNote={Abstract  The ability of a commercial fisher to limit red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus (Linnaeus), bycatch was evaluated by comparing the catch of directed sets (net site chosen by the commercial fisher) vs randomly placed gillnets during 70 days of gillnetting (n = 691 sets). Catch rate did not differ between directed sets and nets set randomly. Thus, fisher experience did not lead to reduced bycatch; however, this may have been influenced by overall low red drum bycatch (0.41 fish net−1 for 12 h sets and 0.59 fish net−1 for 24 h sets). Catch rates of southern flounder were much higher at 3.97 and 3.37 fish net−1 for 12 h and 24 h sets, respectively. Fishing 10 nets per day, the catch of red drum exceeded the daily bag limit of seven red drum on 23% of the days. Of the 326 red drum retrieved from gillnets, 32.5% were dead at the time of retrieval; but only 15 of the 106 dead red drum had to be discarded due to size limits, and six were discarded dead based on bag limits. Current fisheries management regulations (bag limit and window limit of 457–686 mm) are supported by these findings given the conditions (e.g. red drum densities) at which the study was performed.}, number={2}, journal={FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY}, author={Buckel, JA and Hines, RJ and McArthur, TC}, year={2006}, month={Apr}, pages={113–119} }
 @article{bethea_carlson_buckel_satterwhite_2006, title={Ontogenetic and site-related trends in the diet of the Atlantic sharpnose shark Rhizoprionodon terraenovae from the Northeast Gulf of Mexico}, volume={78}, number={2}, journal={Bulletin of Marine Science}, author={Bethea, D. M. and Carlson, J. K. and Buckel, J. A. and Satterwhite, M.}, year={2006}, pages={287–307} }
 @article{leblanc_buckel_conover_brownawell_2006, title={Tests of bioaccumulation models for polychlorinated biphenyl compounds: A study of young‐of‐the‐year bluefish in the Hudson River estuary, USA}, volume={25}, ISSN={0730-7268 1552-8618}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/05-444r.1}, DOI={10.1897/05-444r.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={8}, journal={Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry}, publisher={Wiley}, author={LeBlanc, Lawrence A. and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Conover, David O. and Brownawell, Bruce J.}, year={2006}, month={Aug}, pages={2067–2076} }
 @article{brennan_leber_blankenship_ransier_debruler_2005, title={An evaluation of coded wire and elastomer tag performance in juvenile common snook under field and laboratory conditions}, volume={25}, ISSN={["1548-8675"]}, DOI={10.1577/M04-003.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT}, author={Brennan, NP and Leber, KM and Blankenship, HL and Ransier, JM and DeBruler, R}, year={2005}, month={May}, pages={437–445} }
 @article{bacheler_wong_buckel_2005, title={Movements and Mortality Rates of Striped Mullet in North Carolina}, volume={25}, ISSN={0275-5947 1548-8675}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/m04-033.1}, DOI={10.1577/m04-033.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={North American Journal of Fisheries Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Bacheler, Nathan M. and Wong, Richard A. and Buckel, Jeffrey A.}, year={2005}, month={Feb}, pages={361–373} }
 @article{rudershausen_tuomikoski_buckel_hightower_2005, title={Prey selectivity and diet of striped bass in western Albemarle Sound, North Carolina}, volume={134}, ISSN={["1548-8659"]}, DOI={10.1577/T04-115.1}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY}, author={Rudershausen, PJ and Tuomikoski, JE and Buckel, JA and Hightower, JE}, year={2005}, month={Sep}, pages={1059–1074} }
 @article{bacheler_buckel_2004, title={Does hook type influence the catch rate, size, and injury of grouper in a North Carolina commercial fishery?}, volume={69}, ISSN={["1872-6763"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.fishres.2004.07.001}, abstractNote={Members of the Epinephelinae subfamily of serranids (“grouper”) are heavily exploited by both recreational and commercial hook-and-line fishermen on the continental shelf of the southeastern United States. However, aspects of groupers’ biology and ecology render them extremely vulnerable to overexploitation, including slow growth, late reproduction, large size, and long life span. In addition to direct fishing mortality, hook and release mortalities likely occur when grouper are caught and released, due to injuries sustained from hooking as well as those associated with retrieval from deep waters. Here, we evaluated four hook sizes and styles (5/0 “J”, 7/0 “J”, 9/0 “J”, and 12/0 circle hooks) during the summer of 2003 by their ability to reduce catches of sublegal grouper and non-target species in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, USA. A total of 1249 fish representing 33 species were landed during 20 days of commercial fishing activities. The most common grouper landed were red grouper Epinephelus morio (n = 459), gag grouper Mycteroperca microlepis (n = 55), and scamp grouper Mycteroperca phenax (n = 50). Overall, 6.8% of grouper landed were below the minimum size limit, and the proportion of sublegal grouper caught per day decreased with depth. Catch rates for small grouper (i.e., <50.8 cm fork length), non-target individuals, and sharks varied across hook treatments, while catch rates for large grouper (i.e., ≥50.8 cm fork length) did not. Circle hooks significantly reduced gut hooking in all groupers as well as non-target species. The proportion of grouper and non-target fish that bled varied across hooking locations, with more fish bleeding from gut and gill hooking than jaw hooking. Finally, the proportion of red and gag grouper with distended stomachs was positively related to the water depth in which the fish were caught. These results suggest a tradeoff between fishing in shallow water to reduce depth-related injuries to grouper and fishing in deeper water to minimize the catch of sublegal grouper.}, number={3}, journal={FISHERIES RESEARCH}, author={Bacheler, NM and Buckel, JA}, year={2004}, month={Oct}, pages={303–311} }
 @article{buckel_sharack_zdanowicz_2004, title={Effect of diet on otolith composition in Pomatomus saltatrix, an estuarine piscivore}, volume={64}, DOI={10.1111/j.1095-8649.2004.00393.x}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Fish Biology}, author={Buckel, J. A. and Sharack, B. L. and Zdanowicz, V. S.}, year={2004}, pages={1469–1484} }
 @article{bethea_buckel_carlson_2004, title={Foraging ecology of the early life stages of four sympatric shark species}, volume={268}, ISSN={["0171-8630"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps268245}, abstractNote={Sharks may have an important role in marine ecosystems in relation to populations of fish and invertebrates at lower trophic levels. Fishery management plans stress the need for an ecosystem approach, but few quantitative studies on the foraging ecology of sharks have been published. Stomach contents and catch data of early life stages of Atlantic sharpnose Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, blacktip Carcharhinus limbatus, finetooth Carcharhinus isodon, and spinner sharks Carcharhinus brevipinna taken from fishery independent surveys in Apalachicola Bay, Florida, USA, were examined to test for overlap in resource use. Young-of-the-year Atlantic sharpnose sharks were found to feed mainly on shrimp, juveniles on sciaenids, and adults on clupeids. Young-of-the-year blacktip sharks were found to feed mainly on sciaenids, whereas juveniles fed on clupeids. The primary prey of young-of-the-year and juvenile finetooth and spinner sharks was clupeids. Eight of 10 prey size-selectivity tests showed neutral selection. Compared to relative prey sizes published for teleost piscivores, Atlantic sharpnose and finetooth sharks consume relatively small-sized prey while blacktip sharks consume relatively large prey. Regardless of maturity state and species, diet overlap was high for species-life stage combinations that are similar in size; however, species-life stages did not show significant habitat overlap. Prey categories shared by similar-sized species may not be limiting, although shark species may have alleviated competition pressure by partitioning the resource of time or space.}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Bethea, DM and Buckel, JA and Carlson, JK}, year={2004}, pages={245–264} }
 @article{buckel_stoner_2004, title={Negative effects of increasing group size on foraging in two estuarine piscivores}, volume={307}, ISSN={["0022-0981"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jembe.2004.02.003}, abstractNote={The effect of predator density on per capita ingestion rates in two estuarine predators, age-0 bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix L.) and age-1 striped bass (Morone saxatilis W.), was examined in a 121,000-l research aquarium. Group size treatments were 3, 6, 12, and 24 predators; each treatment was provided with 100 prey (mummichog killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus L.) during a 22-h feeding trial. The behaviors of predator and prey were recorded. Predator type and group size had a significant effect on per capita ingestion rates. Bluefish had significantly higher per capita ingestion rates compared to striped bass. For bluefish, per capita ingestion rate was highest in the three predator group, while for striped bass, individuals in the six predator treatment had the highest ingestion rates. From these maxima, per capita ingestion rate values declined to their lowest values in the 24 predator treatment for both species. Several factors that may be responsible for lowered per capita ingestion rates at higher group sizes include predator interference, prey depletion, and anti-predator behaviors of prey. For juvenile bluefish and striped bass being a member of a relatively large group may lead to decreased individual ingestion rates. Given that large group sizes of these species occur in nature, we conclude that these foraging costs must be outweighed by benefits of group membership.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY}, author={Buckel, JA and Stoner, AW}, year={2004}, month={Aug}, pages={183–196} }
 @article{scharf_buckel_mcginn_juanes_2003, title={Vulnerability of marine forage fishes to piscivory: effects of prey behavior on susceptibility to attack and capture}, volume={294}, ISSN={0022-0981}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(03)00260-0}, DOI={10.1016/s0022-0981(03)00260-0}, abstractNote={We conducted a series of size-structured laboratory experiments to quantify and compare the susceptibility of several estuarine and marine forage fishes to attack and capture by piscivorous predators. Size-dependent estimates of capture success, handling time, and prey profitability were generated from single-species experiments offering bay anchovy, Atlantic menhaden, Atlantic silverside, and age-0 striped bass to piscivores. Bay anchovy and Atlantic menhaden were most susceptible to capture and yielded high profitability compared to Atlantic silverside and age-0 striped bass prey. Variation in capture success among forage species was particularly influential in generating disparate profitability functions. Although morphological differences among forage species contributed to variation in susceptibility to predation, behavioral analyses indicated that variable reaction distances to approaching predators and activity levels of prey may explain a large fraction of the observed differences in susceptibility. When several forage species were offered to predators simultaneously in larger enclosures, mortality was highest and occurred earlier for bay anchovy and Atlantic menhaden compared to other prey, which points to the strong influence of predator capture success on overall forage fish vulnerability. Our results demonstrate species-specific differences among forage fishes in the ability to avoid attack and capture by piscivores, and we conclude that the expression of antipredator behaviors contributes significantly to variation in forage species vulnerability.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Scharf, Frederick S and Buckel, Jeffrey A and McGinn, Patricia A and Juanes, Francis}, year={2003}, month={Sep}, pages={41–59} }
 @article{buckel_mckown_2002, title={Competition between juvenile striped bass and bluefish: resource partitioning and growth rate}, volume={234}, ISSN={["0171-8630"]}, DOI={10.3354/meps234191}, abstractNote={The potential for competition to influence the population dynamics of bluefish Pomato- mus saltatrix and striped bass Morone saxatilis through interactions at the juvenile stage was exam- ined. Habitat and diet utilization were compared between juvenile striped bass and bluefish in 3 New York Bight marine embayments. Juvenile bluefish and striped bass were seldom captured together during the summer and early fall, suggesting low habitat overlap at the scale of a beach seine haul. Diet overlap was also low; age-0 bluefish (spring- and summer-spawned cohorts) had a more pisci- vorous diet than age-0 and age-1 striped bass. A 60d laboratory growth experiment tested for inter- ference competition between age-0 bluefish (spring-spawned) and age-1 striped bass fed fish prey in mixed- and single-species treatments. In the growth experiment, bluefish grew significantly faster than striped bass; however, within a species, there was no significant difference in growth between the mixed- and single-species treatments. Additionally, long-term field-monitoring data showed that annual estimates of growth rate for bluefish and striped bass were not correlated with annual esti- mates of their potential competitor's density. These field and laboratory data provide no evidence for competitive interactions between juvenile striped bass and bluefish.}, journal={MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES}, author={Buckel, JA and McKown, KA}, year={2002}, pages={191–204} }
 @inbook{juanes_buckel_scharf_2002, place={Malden, MA}, title={Feeding ecology of piscivorous fishes}, volume={1}, ISBN={9780632064830}, booktitle={Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries}, publisher={Blackwell Publishing}, author={Juanes, F. and Buckel, J.A. and Scharf, F.S.}, editor={Hart, P.J.B. and Reynolds, J.D.Editors}, year={2002}, pages={267–283} }
 @article{scharf_buckel_juanes_2002, title={Size-dependent vulnerability of juvenile bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli to bluefish predation: Does large body size always provide a refuge?}, volume={233}, ISSN={0171-8630 1616-1599}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps233241}, DOI={10.3354/meps233241}, abstractNote={Bay anchovy are known to be an important component of food webs in estuarine and coastal waters along the US east coast. Despite their role as a primary forage species for several top- level predators in these systems, very little is known about their behavioral interactions with preda- tors and the vulnerability of post-larval life stages to predation. In this study, we examined the vul- nerability of juvenile bay anchovy to age-0 bluefish predation using a size-structured laboratory design. For a range of bay anchovy and bluefish body sizes, we determined predator capture success, handling time costs, feeding rates, and prey profitabilities as functions of relative prey size. We eval- uated bluefish size selection when offered different sizes of bay anchovy simultaneously and identi- fied behavioral characteristics of prey that may contribute to disparate rates of attack. Bluefish cap- ture success was high on small relative prey sizes ( 50% of predator size), demonstrating that even large bay anchovy are highly susceptible to capture. Handling time and capture success relationships were combined with prey body mass to generate dome-shaped profitability curves that peaked at relative prey sizes of 0.50, which is much higher than typically observed for piscivore-prey interactions. Bluefish exhibited strong selection patterns and significantly higher attack rates on large bay anchovy. Disparate attack distributions on large and small bay anchovy appeared to be caused partly by differences in prey behavior among size groups. Our results suggest that bay anchovy may not achieve a refuge from predation with increased body size and support the importance of predation in shaping bay anchovy life history.}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, publisher={Inter-Research Science Center}, author={Scharf, FS and Buckel, JA and Juanes, F}, year={2002}, pages={241–252} }
 @article{juanes_buckel_scharf_2002, title={Symposium review: biology, ecology and life history of bluefish}, volume={12}, ISSN={["0960-3166"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1025344418159}, number={4}, journal={REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES}, author={Juanes, F and Buckel, J and Scharf, F}, year={2002}, pages={429–430} }
 @article{juanes_buckel_scharf_2001, title={Predatory behaviour and selectivity of a primary piscivore: comparison of fish and non-fish prey}, volume={217}, ISSN={0171-8630 1616-1599}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps217157}, DOI={10.3354/meps217157}, abstractNote={Young-of-the-year (YOY) bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix become piscivorous at about 40 mm total length, coinciding with a habitat shift from offshore waters to estuarine nursery areas. Although YOY bluefish are primarily piscivorous in estuarine waters, shrimp prey can often be an important component of diets in mid-summer. In this study, we first compare the feeding behaviour and prey selection patterns of bluefish feeding on fish Menidia menidia and sand shrimp Crangon septemspinosa prey in a series of laboratory experiments, and then assess prey-type selectivity in the field. Compared to consuming fish prey, ingesting shrimp prey involved added manipulation and close inspection by the predator. Feeding on shrimp prey resulted in lower attack success rates, longer handling times, and lower relative profitabilities than feeding on fish prey. When given a choice, bluefish selectively ingested fish prey over similarly-sized shrimp prey. The results of these experiments suggest that species-specific differences in prey response lead to the observed differ- ences in predator behaviour and selectivity. Examination of field-collected spring-spawned bluefish showed that their diet was dominated by fishes; however, sand shrimp were important prey in early summer. Selectivity index values showed that bluefish exhibited positive selection for fishes and avoidance of shrimp. The occurrence of shrimp in bluefish diets probably results from high relative abundance of shrimp and the small size of shrimp relative to fish prey. We conclude that the timing of bluefish entry into estuaries relative to peaks in abundance of various prey could have a strong effect on bluefish size at the end of the growing season and, therefore size-dependent survival.}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, publisher={Inter-Research Science Center}, author={Juanes, F and Buckel, JA and Scharf, FS}, year={2001}, pages={157–165} }
 @article{buckel_stoner_2000, title={Functional response and switching behavior of young-of-the-year piscivorous bluefish}, volume={245}, ISSN={0022-0981}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(99)00155-0}, DOI={10.1016/s0022-0981(99)00155-0}, abstractNote={Young-of-the-year (YOY) bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (L.) impose significant mortality on recently metamorphosed striped bass, Morone saxatilis (W.) in the Hudson River estuary. Field observations indicate that bluefish selectivity on striped bass increases with increasing striped bass density suggesting a density-dependent feeding response. Functional response and switching experiments were conducted to aid in determining the mechanism for this response. The type of functional response exhibited by bluefish under several prey treatments was examined. These were striped bass alone, Atlantic silversides, Menidia menidia (L.) alone, striped bass with a background density of alternative prey, and striped bass in the presence of eelgrass Zostera marina (L.). The functional response of bluefish to increasing prey density was more similar to a type I or II model than a type III model under all treatments. Switching was examined by providing bluefish both striped bass and silversides at five different ratios with and without a prey refuge, eelgrass. Bluefish did not exhibit a type III functional response or switching behavior suggesting that these mechanisms do not explain the observed density-dependent selectivity pattern in the field. Switching experiments did suggest that the presence of prey refuge can determine selectivity by YOY bluefish in the field. The abundance of submerged aquatic vegetation and other prey refuge may be important in controlling the predatory impact of bluefish on striped bass in the Hudson River.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Buckel, Jeffrey A and Stoner, Allan W}, year={2000}, month={Mar}, pages={25–41} }
 @article{bell_buckel_stoner_1999, title={Effects of alternative prey on cannibalism in age‐1 bluefish}, volume={55}, ISSN={0022-1112 1095-8649}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb00734.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb00734.x}, abstractNote={Age‐1 bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix were offered both age‐0 bluefish and age‐1 Atlantic silversides Menidia menidia in the following proportions: 0:1·0, 0·25:0·75, 0·5:0·5, 0·75:0·25, 1·0:0. Atlantic silversides were consumed in greater proportion than offered throughout all treatments suggesting strong selection for silversides. There was no evidence of prey‐switching. The behavioural processes leading to age‐1 bluefish selection of Atlantic silversides was investigated. The proportion of attacks on each prey species was distributed randomly, or slightly higher on age‐0 bluefish; however, capture success was greater on silversides than on age‐0 bluefish prey. Therefore, age‐1 bluefish did not actively select for silversides and the observed selection pattern is a result of passive processes. These findings suggest that prey switching between age‐0 bluefish and an alternative prey probably does not act as a stabilizing mechanism in the bluefish population and confirm the importance of capture success in determining piscivore selectivity patterns.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Fish Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Bell, G. W. and Buckel, J. A. and Stoner, A. W.}, year={1999}, month={Nov}, pages={990–1000} }
 @article{buckel_fogarty_conover_1999, title={Foraging habits of bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, on the U.S. East Coast continental shelf}, volume={97}, number={4}, journal={Fishery Bulletin (Washington, D.C.)}, author={Buckel, J. A. and Fogarty, M. J. and Conover, D. O.}, year={1999}, pages={758–775} }
 @article{buckel_conover_steinberg_mckown_1999, title={Impact of age-0 bluefish (<i>Pomatomus saltatrix</i>) predation on age-0 fishes in the Hudson River estuary: evidence for density-dependent loss of juvenile striped bass (<i>Morone saxatilis</i>)}, volume={56}, ISSN={0706-652X 1205-7533}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-173}, DOI={10.1139/f98-173}, abstractNote={ We measured bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) weights, densities, and prey sizes during the summers of 1992 and 1993 and diets over a 4-year period (1990-1993) in the Hudson River estuary. This information was used to estimate the loss of young-of-the-year (YOY) striped bass (Morone saxatilis) resulting from YOY bluefish predation. We then compared this predation mortality with the total loss of striped bass in the system. Data from sampling surveys conducted since the mid-1970's were used to examine relationships between bluefish abundance and striped bass recruitment levels. YOY striped bass, bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli), Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia), and Alosa spp. dominated YOY bluefish diets. There were ontogenetic and interannual differences in YOY bluefish diets. Bluefish avoided striped bass at low densities but selected for them at high densities, suggesting a density-dependent feeding response. In the early summer of 1993, bluefish predation accounted for 50-100% of the total estimated loss of YOY striped bass. A significant negative correlation exists between the relative magnitude of striped bass recruitment and bluefish abundance. We conclude that YOY bluefish are important predators of estuarine fish and can have a substantial impact on their recruitment. }, number={2}, journal={Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Buckel, Jeffrey A and Conover, David O and Steinberg, Nancy D and McKown, Kim A}, year={1999}, month={Feb}, pages={275–287} }
 @article{buckel_fogarty_conover_1999, title={Mutual prey of fish and humans: A comparison of biomass consumed by bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, with that harvested by fisheries}, volume={97}, number={4}, journal={Fishery Bulletin (Washington, D.C.)}, author={Buckel, J. A. and Fogarty, M. J. and Conover, D. O.}, year={1999}, pages={776–785} }
 @article{buckel_letcher_conover_1998, title={Effects of a Delayed Onset of Piscivory on the Size of Age-0 Bluefish}, volume={127}, ISSN={0002-8487 1548-8659}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1998)127<0576:eoadoo>2.0.co;2}, DOI={10.1577/1548-8659(1998)127<0576:eoadoo>2.0.co;2}, abstractNote={Abstract Variation in advection or other physical forces may accelerate or delay arrival of young marine fishes into productive nearshore habitats, thereby affecting the length of the available growing season. The bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix is an oceanic spawner whose juvenile stages, upon entry into estuarine waters, become piscivorous and thereby experience greatly increased growth. Size attained during the growing season may therefore be determined by time of arrival into estuarine habitats. We exposed bluefish recently recruited to an estuary to three diet shift treatments in which test fish were fed adult brine shrimp Artemia sp. for 0, 10, or 20 d before they were switched to piscine prey. Bluefish that had a delayed onset of piscivory were smaller after 40 d of growth, indicating that they did not fully compensate for prior periods of slow growth. These bluefish did exhibit immediate moderate growth compensation (about 6% over 10 d) resulting from increased consumption rates, but relatively low g...}, number={4}, journal={Transactions of the American Fisheries Society}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Letcher, Benjamin H. and Conover, David O.}, year={1998}, month={Jul}, pages={576–587} }
 @article{scharf_buckel_juanes_conover_1998, title={Predation by juvenile piscivorous bluefish (<i>Pomatomus saltatrix</i>): the influence of prey to predator size ratio and prey type on predator capture success and prey profitability}, volume={55}, ISSN={0706-652X 1205-7533}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-056}, DOI={10.1139/f98-056}, abstractNote={ Capture success, handling time, prey vulnerability, and prey profitability were examined as a function of prey length/predator length ratio for age-0 juvenile bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) feeding on juvenile striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia). For each prey species, bluefish capture success declined linearly and handling time increased exponentially with increasing length ratios between 0.20 and 0.65. However, bluefish capture success was lower and handling times increased at a faster rate when feeding on juvenile striped bass compared with Atlantic silverside. Prey vulnerability, measured as bluefish predation rate, declined exponentially with increasing length ratios for each prey species. Profitability curves were dome shaped for each prey species; however, profitability values and the location of dome peaks differed between prey species. Capture success functions were combined with field length distributions to generate expected frequency distributions of length ratios included in bluefish diets. Comparisons resulted in good agreement between expected and observed sizes in bluefish diets, illustrating the importance of capture success in determining piscivore diets. Our results indicate that, for juvenile fishes, prey-specific morphological and behavioral differences can have significant effects on the outcome of predator-prey interactions and that size-based predation components are best represented as continuous functions of relative fish size. }, number={7}, journal={Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences}, publisher={Canadian Science Publishing}, author={Scharf, Frederick S and Buckel, Jeffrey A and Juanes, Francis and Conover, David O}, year={1998}, month={Jul}, pages={1695–1703} }
 @article{scharf_buckel_juanes_conover_1997, title={Estimating piscine prey size from partial remains: Testing for shifts in foraging mode by juvenile bluefish}, volume={49}, ISSN={["1573-5133"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1007318918434}, number={3}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES}, author={Scharf, FS and Buckel, JA and Juanes, F and Conover, DO}, year={1997}, month={Jul}, pages={377–388} }
 @article{buckel_conover_1997, title={Movements, feeding periods, and daily ration of piscivorous young-of-the-year bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, in the Hudson River estuary}, volume={95}, number={4}, journal={Fishery Bulletin (Washington, D.C.)}, author={Buckel, J. A. and Conover, D. O.}, year={1997}, pages={665–679} }
 @article{buckel_conover_1996, title={Gastric Evacuation Rates of Piscivorous Young-of-the-Year Bluefish}, volume={125}, ISSN={0002-8487 1548-8659}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1996)125<0591:geropy>2.3.co;2}, DOI={10.1577/1548-8659(1996)125<0591:geropy>2.3.co;2}, abstractNote={Abstract Estimates of gastric evacuation rates (GER) are needed to calculate consumption rates of fish from field-collected data on stomach contents. The results of 16 GER experiments designed to determine the effects of body size, prey type, and temperature on the GER in young-of-the-year (age-0) bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix are presented. The linear, square-root, and exponential GER models similarly fit the data. Temperature had a highly significant effect on age-0 bluefish GER. However, there was no significant difference in GER between small (5.14 g wet weight) and large (35.99 g wet weight) age-0 bluefish. Among the three different prey types tested (age-0 striped bass Morone saxatilis, bay anchovy Anchoa mitchilli, and age-0 Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus) there was no significant difference in GER. The exponential relation between bluefish GER and temperature can be used in estimating age-0 bluefish consumption rates in the field.}, number={4}, journal={Transactions of the American Fisheries Society}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Conover, David O.}, year={1996}, month={Jul}, pages={591–599} }
 @article{buckel_steinberg_conover_1995, title={Effects of temperature, salinity, and fish size on growth and consumption of juvenile bluefish}, volume={47}, ISSN={0022-1112 1095-8649}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01935.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01935.x}, abstractNote={Consumption and growth rates of juvenile bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix increased with increasing temperature and decreased with increasing fish size in short‐term (7 days) experiments. Salinity had no effect on growth or consumption rate in a short‐term experiment. In a long‐term (90 days) mesocosm experiment, consumption and growth rates declined with increasing body size. Predictive equations developed from short‐term experiments did not adequately predict observed consumption rates in the mesocosm experiment. However, growth in the mesocosm experiment was similar to field growth. Also, mesocosm consumption rates and consumption rates calculated using field growth and mesocosm growth efficiencies were similar to published independent field estimates of consumption rate. Our results indicate that experiments to determine the effects of temperature and the allometry of body size on growth and consumption rates should be conducted over long time periods simulating field conditions. Juvenile bluefish have rapid growth and their individual cumulative consumption is large. This result suggests that bluefish may have a large effect on their prey populations. This effect has yet to be quantified.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Fish Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Buckel, J. A. and Steinberg, N. D. and Conover, D. O.}, year={1995}, month={Oct}, pages={696–706} }
 @article{juanes_buckel_conover_1994, title={Accelerating the onset of piscivory: intersection of predator and prey phenologies}, volume={45}, ISSN={0022-1112 1095-8649}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01083.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01083.x}, abstractNote={Piscivorous fishes tend to be able to consume other fishes early in development and generally experience a dramatic increase in growth after the ontogenetic diet shift to piscine prey. Hence, an acceleration of the onset of piscivory may be favoured strongly by natural selection. Temperate freshwater piscivores, for example, becomes piscivorous at a relatively young age by spawning in advance of, and thereby achieving a size advantage over, the young of their piscine prey. Research in various North American estuaries suggests that young‐of‐the‐year (YOY) bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix, an offshore‐spawning estuarine‐dependent marine fish, may accelerate the onset of piscivory by being advected to higher latitudes and timing their estuarine entry with the appearance of small coastal fishes. This hypothesis was tested by: (i) determining the annual recruitment date of YOY bluefish and their prey; and (ii) examining the diet and prey size preferences, and predator size‐prey size relationships, of YOY bluefish in two different estuarine systems: Great South Bay, and the lower Hudson River. Results suggest that the relationships between bluefish and their prey are determined by a complex interplay between recruitment timing of both predator and prey, prey size availability, predator selectivities, and the timing of vernal warming. It is concluded that YOY bluefish migration into northern estuaries at an advanced size provides them with a predatory size advantage over their principal piscine prey thereby facilitating an early diet shift to piscivory white minimizing the time spent as planktivores.}, number={sA}, journal={Journal of Fish Biology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Juanes, Francis and Buckel, Jeffrey A. and Conover, David O.}, year={1994}, month={Dec}, pages={41–54} }