@article{lopez-soriano_merenda_anderson_trindade_leidig_messenger_ferreira_pairis-garcia_2023, title={Efficacy of inguinal buffered lidocaine and intranasal flunixin meglumine on mitigating physiological and behavioral responses to pain in castrated piglets}, volume={4}, ISSN={["2673-561X"]}, DOI={10.3389/fpain.2023.1156873}, abstractNote={Managing castration pain on US sow farms is hindered by the lack of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved products for mitigating pain. Previous work assessing flunixin meglumine (FM) efficacy in mitigating castration pain has shown the drug to be effective in pigs, meanwhile, results from previous work evaluating lidocaine efficacy are contradictory. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of inguinal buffered lidocaine (BL) and FM in mitigating castration pain in piglets. This study was divided into Part I (physiological response) and Part II (behavioral response). For part I piglets were randomly assigned to the following treatments: T1: (C) Castration plus physiological saline; T2: (S) Sham plus physiological saline; T3: (CL) Castration plus BL; T4: (SL) Sham plus BL; T5: (CF) Castration plus FM; T6: (SF) Sham plus FM; T7: (CLF) Castration plus BL and FM; T8: (SLF) Sham plus BL and FM. Blood was collected 24 h prior to castration, 1 h, and 24 h post castration for cortisol quantification. For Part II another cohort of piglets was enrolled and randomly assign to the following treatments: T1: (C) Castration plus physiological saline and T7: (CLF) Castration plus BL and FM. Behavior scoring was obtained in real-time by observing each piglet for 4-min continuously using Unesp-Botucatu pig acute pain scale (UPAPS) at the following timepoints: 1 h before castration (−1 h), immediately post-castration (0 h), and 3 h post-castration (+3 h). Average cortisol concentrations did not differ at −24 h (P > 0.05) or at 24 h post-castration (P > 0.05) between treatments. At 1 h post-castration, castrated piglets (C and CL) demonstrated greater cortisol concentrations (P < 0.05). Castrated piglets in the CF and CLF group had lower cortisol concentrations compared to C and CL-treated pigs (P < 0.05). For behavioral response, there were no differences between treatments on total UPAPS scores (C and CLF, P > 0.05). Intranasal FM was able to effectively reduce the physiological piglet's response immediately post-castration. Inguinal buffered lidocaine had no effect on the either physiological or behavioral response to pain. Long-term research should focus on refining injection techniques for inguinal BL and consider administration frequency and dosing of intranasal FM to control pain for a longer period post-castration.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH}, author={Lopez-Soriano, Magdiel and Merenda, Victoria Rocha and Anderson, Stephanie and Trindade, Pedro Henrique Esteves and Leidig, Martin S. and Messenger, Kristen and Ferreira, Juliana Bonin and Pairis-Garcia, Monique Danielle}, year={2023}, month={Jun} }
 @article{donatelli muro_rodrigues oliveira_carnevale_leal_monteiro_poor_pereira_souza_ferreira_almond_et al._2022, title={Altrenogest Supplementation during Early Pregnancy Improves Reproductive Outcome in Pigs}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2076-2615"]}, DOI={10.3390/ani12141801}, abstractNote={Simple Summary Over the last decades, sows’ genetic selection was aimed at increasing litter size to improve profitability in the swine industry. However, large litter size has been associated with low birth weight, increased stillbirth rate and high perinatal mortality, which are traits linked to compromised welfare in modern pig production. These side effects related to large litter size are, in part, associated with early conceptuses and placental development. The action of progesterone is essential during early pregnancy stimulating the uterine tissue to produce and secrete nutrients, growth factors, ions, cytokines and other substances that together support a proper early embryo development and placentation, which in turn may result in greater litter traits at birth. The present study demonstrated that altrenogest (progesterone analogue) supplementation during early pregnancy (from day 6 to 12 of pregnancy) may contribute to profitability and welfare in pig production systems since it increased the number of total piglets born and born alive and decreased the stillbirth rate and the number of low birth weight (<800 g) piglets. Abstract Progesterone plays an important role in initial conceptus development and in a successful pregnancy, but results related to progesterone or its analogues (altrenogest) supplementation in early pregnancy of pigs are conflicting. The present study evaluated the effects of altrenogest supplementation in sows during days 6 and 12 of pregnancy on reproductive performance. On day 6 of pregnancy, 301 females were allocated at random to one of the following treatments: CON (Control: non-supplemented females, n = 163) or ALT (females daily supplemented with 20 mg of altrenogest, orally, from day 6 to 12 of pregnancy, n = 138). Ovulation was considered as occurred at 48 h after the first estrus detection to standardize the first day of pregnancy. The supplementation increased the number of total piglets born (ALT: 17.3 ± 0.4; CON: 16.6 ± 0.4), piglets born alive (ALT: 15.6 ± 0.4; CON: 14.8 ± 0.3), and placenta weight (ALT: 4.2 ± 0.1; CON: 3.8 ± 0.1) and decreased the stillbirth rate (ALT: 5.9 ± 0.6; CON: 7.6 ± 0.6) and the number of piglets born weighing less than 800 g (ALT: 6.6 ± 0.6; CON: 8.0 ± 0.6), without impairment on farrowing rate. These results demonstrated that altrenogest supplementation on swine females between days 6 and 12 of pregnancy may be used to improve reproductive performance.}, number={14}, journal={ANIMALS}, author={Donatelli Muro, Bruno Bracco and Rodrigues Oliveira, Ana Clara and Carnevale, Rafaella Fernandes and Leal, Diego Feitosa and Monteiro, Matheus Saliba and Poor, Andre Pegoraro and Pereira, Francisco Alves and Souza, Leury Jesus and Ferreira, Juliana Bonin and Almond, Glen William and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @article{ferreira_grgić_friendship_nagy_poljak_2017, title={Influence of microclimate conditions on the cumulative exposure of nursery pigs to swine influenza A viruses}, volume={65}, ISSN={1865-1674}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12701}, DOI={10.1111/tbed.12701}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to investigate the association between environmental temperature and humidity and the presence of antibodies for two specific strains of swine influenza viruses: A/SW/ON/105-56/12/H3N2 (H3N2_D) and A/SW/ON/84/2012/H1N1 (H1N1_P). A cross-sectional study was performed in a commercial farm, and a total of 450 pigs at 10 weeks of age were blood sampled, by sampling 10 pigs per week for 45 weeks corresponding to 45 batches. Exposure of pigs to H3N2_D and H1N1_P virus was assessed by haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI), and a result of ≥1:40 was considered as indication of a positive exposure status for a specific strain. The selection of those two viruses was based on the fact that H1N1 was the dominant virus in Ontario herds, and H3N2 had been previously isolated in this particular farm. Environmental conditions were recorded through a portable device every 5 min and then summarized using descriptive statistics. The association between HI titres and environmental microconditions, in the nursery, was evaluated through random effect linear and logistic regression. The results showed that the prevalence for H1N1_P was high throughout the study (≥70%); however, for H3N2_D, the seroprevalence declined by the end of the study period. Results also showed an association between cumulative exposure to the viruses and temperature and relative humidity (p < .05). These results suggest that microclimate conditions can influence transmission patterns of influenza viruses in swine barns, and that even a herd with relatively simple demographics could have persistent and cocirculation of two different influenza A viruses IAV strains.}, number={1}, journal={Transboundary and Emerging Diseases}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Ferreira, J. B. and Grgić, H. and Friendship, R. and Nagy, É. and Poljak, Z.}, year={2017}, month={Sep}, pages={e145–e154} }
 @article{ferreira_grgić_friendship_wideman_nagy_poljak_2017, title={Longitudinal study of influenza A virus circulation in a nursery swine barn}, volume={48}, ISSN={1297-9716}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-017-0466-x}, DOI={10.1186/s13567-017-0466-x}, abstractNote={Commercial production of swine often involves raising animals in large groups through the use of multi-stage production systems. In such systems, pigs can experience different degrees of contact with animals of the same or different ages. Population size and degree of contact can greatly influence transmission of endemic pathogens, including influenza A virus (IAV). IAV can display high genetic variability, which can further complicate population-level patterns. Yet, the IAV transmission in large multi-site swine production systems has not been well studied. The objectives of this study were to describe the IAV circulation in a multi-source nursery facility and identify factors associated with infection in nursery pigs. Pigs from five sow herds were mixed in one all-in/all-out nursery barn, with 81 and 75 pigs included in two longitudinal studies. Virus isolation was performed in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and serology was performed using hemagglutination inhibition assays. Risk factor analysis for virological positivity was conducted using logistic regression and stratified Cox's regression for recurrent events. In Study 1, at ≈30 days post-weaning, 100% of pigs were positive, with 43.2% of pigs being positive recurrently over the entire study period. In study 2, 48% of pigs were positive at the peak of the outbreak, and 10.7% were positive recurrently over the entire study period. The results suggest that IAV can circulate during the nursery phase in an endemic pattern and that the likelihood of recurrent infections was associated in a non-linear way with the level of heterologous (within-subtype) maternal immunity (p < 0.05). High within-pen intracluster correlation coefficients (> 0.75) were also observed for the majority of sampling times suggesting that pen-level factors played a role in infection dynamics in this study.}, number={1}, journal={Veterinary Research}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Ferreira, Juliana B. and Grgić, Helena and Friendship, Robert and Wideman, Greg and Nagy, Éva and Poljak, Zvonimir}, year={2017}, month={Oct} }
 @article{ferreira_yamaguti_marques_oliveira_neto_buzinhani_timenetsky_2008, title={Detection of Mycoplasma pulmonis in Laboratory Rats and Technicians}, volume={55}, ISSN={1863-1959 1863-2378}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01122.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01122.x}, abstractNote={Five species of mycoplasma are associated with several rat diseases. Mycoplasma pulmonis is the most important and most studied, possibly causing disease in rats and undermining the validity of laboratory experiments. M. pulmonis was isolated in 144/240 laboratory rats and identified by PCR in 155/240. This species was also detected in 12 human individuals (technicians of a laboratory animal house hold) in contact with these rats. The results were confirmed by sequencing of DNA products. Mycoplasma species are host specific; however, M. pulmonis was identified in humans, suggesting a case of unspecific colonization. Statistical analysis shows a greater risk for M. pulmonis colonizing individuals who are exposed to infected rats in animal facilities than individuals who do not. The detection of M. pulmonis in humans indicates a new status for this mollicute mycoplasmas in animal‐holding facilities.}, number={5}, journal={Zoonoses and Public Health}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Ferreira, J. B. and Yamaguti, M. and Marques, L. M. and Oliveira, R. C. and Neto, R. L. and Buzinhani, M. and Timenetsky, J.}, year={2008}, month={Jun}, pages={229–234} }
 @article{marques_buzinhani_oliveira_yamaguti_ferreira_neto_timenetsky_2007, title={Prevalence of mycoplasmas in the respiratory tracts of calves in Brazil}, volume={161}, ISSN={0042-4900 2042-7670}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.161.20.699}, DOI={10.1136/vr.161.20.699}, abstractNote={MOST Mycoplasma species found in calf respiratory tracts are considered to be opportunistic pathogens; however, several species have been described as the primary agents for respiratory diseases (Simecka and others 1992). Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma dispar have been considered the most important agents of pneumonia in cattle herds in which Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides SC is absent (Rebhun and others 2000). This short communication described a study to determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma species in the respiratory tracts of calves in Brazil. A total of 301 nasal swabs were collected from calves of both sexes, up to one year of age, from 10 different farms: seven in the State of Sao Paulo, two in Minas Gerais and one in Bahia. The samples were collected from 155 animals with respiratory disease and 146 clinically healthy animals by vigorously rubbing a swab over the surface of the nasal cavity. The nasal mucus samples were transported in 3 ml of modified Friis medium (Friis 1971) at 4°C and then incubated at 37°C for four days. The DNA was extracted from the samples by the method described by Fan and others (1995). The primers GPO-3 and MGSO (Van Kuppeveld and others 1992) were used in a PCR for the detection of Mollicutes. Samples that were positive for Mollicutes were submitted to other PCR assays using primers to detect M bovis (Gonzalez and others 1995), M mycoides subspecies mycoides SC (Dedieu and others 1994), M dispar (Marques and others 2007), and Ureaplasma diversum (Cardoso and others 2000). The PCR products were analysed on a 1·5 per cent agarose gel containing 0·5 μM/ml ethidium bromide in TAE buffer (40 mM Tris-acetate, 2 mM EDTA, pH 8·0). Table 1 shows the prevalence of Mollicutes and the four species investigated. Mollicutes were detected in 76 (52·06 per cent) of the nasal mucus samples from healthy animals and in 141 (90·96 per cent) of the samples from animals with respiratory disease. Although M dispar and U diversum were detected in both sick and healthy animals, M bovis was detected only in calves with respiratory disease. M mycoides subspecies mycoides SC was not detected in any of the samples. M dispar and U diversum were detected more frequently in samples from animals with respiratory disease than healthy animals. Of the 301 nasal mucus samples, 102 (33·88 per cent) were positive for at least one of the species tested for. The frequency of Mollicute co-infections in healthy and sick animals is shown in Table 2. M mycoides subspecies mycoides SC is the classical primary agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. According to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), healthy cattle herds must be free of this microorganism. This species was not detected in the present study; however, the authors recommended that a wide-ranging investigation using PCR should be carried out in Brazil. M bovis has previously been isolated in healthy animals, and was originally described as a natural microorganism of the bovine respiratory system (Knudtson and others 1986, Ter Laak and others 1992b). Currently, M bovis is the second most important mycoplasma in bovine respiratory diseases (Gevaert 2006). In the present study, M bovis was detected only in sick animals, either as a single agent or in association with M dispar or U diversum. The results obtained are in agreement with other studies that have mentioned M bovis as a species associated with respiratory disease outbreaks in cattle herds (Bashiruddin and others 2001, Byrne and others 2001). M dispar was detected more frequently in sick calves than in healthy animals. Ter Laak and others (1992a) reported M dispar to be the main species isolated from lung samples from sick calves (49 per cent of the samples). In contrast, Ter Laak and others (1992b) showed a frequency of 40 per cent of M dispar detection in healthy animals. In the present study, U diversum was detected by PCR in 12 (8·22 per cent) nasal mucus samples from healthy calves, and in 49 (31·6 per cent) samples from sick animals. Ter Laak and others (1992b) also detected U diversum in healthy animals as well; however, the frequency of detection was higher in sick animals. In the present study, healthy animals that were PCRpositive for M dispar and U diversum were in close contact with sick animals infected with these species, suggesting that M dispar and U diversum may be important pathogens in the development of respiratory disease. The detection of Mollicutes in nasal mucus from both sick and healthy calves may indicate the opportunistic role of these bacteria. The host-parasite relationship of mycoplasmas is a complex subject, especially in calves, in which the disease process in the respiratory tract is not well understood. Co-infections with mycoplasmas in the respiratory tracts of calves are common (Thomas and others 2002, Levisohn and others 2004). In the present study, three mycoplasma species were detected together in four samples, but an association between U diversum and M dispar was most common. Brazil is one of the most important cattle meat producers in the world. Consequently, it is important to monitor disease occurrence among Brazilian herds, including mycoplasma infections. The PCR results for identifying mycoplasmas in TABLE 2: Frequency of co-infections with more than one Mycoplasma species in the respiratory tracts of healthy calves and calves with respiratory disease}, number={20}, journal={Veterinary Record}, publisher={BMJ}, author={Marques, L. M. and Buzinhani, M. and Oliveira, R. C. and Yamaguti, M. and Ferreira, J. B. and Neto, R. L. and Timenetsky, J.}, year={2007}, month={Nov}, pages={699–700} }
 @article{marques_buzinhani_yamaguti_oliveira_ferreira_mettifogo_timenetsky_2007, title={Use of a Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Mycoplasma Dispar in the Nasal Mucus of Calves}, volume={19}, ISSN={1040-6387 1943-4936}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870701900118}, DOI={10.1177/104063870701900118}, abstractNote={A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the detection of Mycoplasma dispar in nasal mucus samples collected from calves. The target DNA sequence was the 16S rRNA gene, and the fragment was selected within a region of high polymorphism. The specificity and detection limit of the method were determined. This method was then used for the detection of M. dispar in nasal swabs collected from 301 calves, including 155 clinical samples from animals showing signs of respiratory disease and 146 samples from healthy animals. PCR with generic primers was applied to the detection of Mollicutes, followed by the detection of M. dispar. Mollicutes were detected in 52.05% of clinical samples from healthy animals and in 90.96% of samples from sick animals. Mycoplasma dispar was detected in 6.16% of healthy animals and in 34.84% of sick animals. The PCR assay was useful in verifying the presence of M. dispar in calves and may be a useful tool in monitoring this mycoplasma in cattle herds.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Marques, L. M. and Buzinhani, M. and Yamaguti, M. and Oliveira, R. C. and Ferreira, J. B. and Mettifogo, E. and Timenetsky, J.}, year={2007}, month={Jan}, pages={103–106} }
 @article{porto_oliveira_luna_yamaguti_marques_ferreira_santos_2006, place={Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil}, title={Viabilidade do Mycobacterium tuberculosis no material clínico após 30 dias de armazenamento}, volume={46}, number={1}, journal={Resumos}, publisher={Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia}, author={Porto, A.C.B. and Oliveira, A.M. and Luna, J.O. and Yamaguti, M. and Marques, L.M. and Ferreira, J.B. and Santos, M.A.A.}, year={2006}, pages={420–426} }