@article{reuter_defrancesco_robertson_meurs_2024, title={Clinical outcome of idiopathic juvenile ventricular arrhythmias in 25 dogs}, volume={51}, ISSN={["1875-0834"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvc.2023.12.001}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2023.12.001}, abstractNote={Juvenile ventricular arrhythmias in the absence of structural heart disease have been characterized in a small number of canine breeds with limited long-term follow up. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical outcome of dogs with JVA presenting to a university teaching hospital.25 dogs, less than two years old with idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias were retrospectively identified via a medical record search. Young dogs with ventricular arrhythmias were excluded if they had structural heart disease, systemic illness, or an abnormal troponin (if performed). Electrocardiographic and Holter monitor data was evaluated for arrhythmia frequency and complexity at the time of diagnosis and over time. Long-term follow up was achieved through client and primary veterinarian contact.Breeds included German Shepherd (8), Boxer (4), Great Dane (3), mixed breed (2) and one each of the following: Anatolian Shepherd, French Bulldog, Golden Retriever, Great Pyrenees, Labrador Retriever, Shiloh Shepherd, Miniature Poodle and Siberian Husky. The average age at diagnosis was 7.9 months (range, 2-22 months). The overall median survival was 10.96 years (range, 1.75-15.66 years). There was an average reduction in the number of ventricular beats by 86.7 % per year (P value -0.0257) based on Holter data.In most cases, idiopathic juvenile ventricular arrhythmias had a favorable long-term prognosis with reduced ectopy over time in this case series. Juvenile ventricular arrhythmias remains a diagnosis of exclusion but can be considered in a broader range of dog breeds than previously described.}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CARDIOLOGY}, author={Reuter, A. and DeFrancesco, T. C. and Robertson, J. B. and Meurs, K. M.}, year={2024}, month={Feb}, pages={188–194} }
 @article{yang_ladouceur_baumgartner_marr_karounos_robertson_whitehurst_miller_birkenheuer_2023, title={A practical protocol to prepare paraffin-embedded whole tick histology sections}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1877-9603"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102162}, DOI={10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102162}, abstractNote={Ticks are important ectoparasites that are capable of transmitting multiple classes of pathogens and are currently linked with many emerging tick-borne diseases worldwide. With increasing occurrences of tick-borne diseases in both humans and veterinary species, there is a continuous need to further our understanding of ticks and the pathogens they transmit. Whole tick histology provides a full scope of the tick internal anatomy, allowing researchers to examine multiple organs of interest in a single section. This is in contrast to other techniques that are more commonly utilized in tick-borne disease research, such as electron microscopy and light microscopy of individual organs. There is a lack of literature describing a practical technique to process whole tick histologic sections. Therefore, the current study aims to provide researchers with a workable protocol to prepare high quality paraffin-embedded whole tick histology sections. Amblyomma americanum adults were used as an example species for this study. After a series of pilot experiments using a combination of various fixatives, softening agents and processing techniques, we elected to compare two common fixatives, 10% neutral-buffered formalin (NBF) and Bouin's solution for whole ticks. Equal numbers of A. americanum unfed adults (n = 10/fixative) were processed identically and their whole tick histology coronal sections were individually scored. Higher scores were assigned to whole tick sections that contained more internal organs that are crucial for tick-borne disease research (e.g. salivary glands and midgut), high integrity of tissues and exoskeleton on the section, and good fixation and staining quality of the tissues. The mean total scores for Bouin's-fixed ticks were significantly higher compared to NBF-fixed ticks (p = 0.001). To further assess our preferred technique, we also demonstrated the feasibility of producing high quality whole tick sections for three other common tick species of medical importance (Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes scapularis, and Dermacentor variabilis) using Bouin's solution. While this technique may require further optimization for other tick species, we described a feasible protocol that uses commonly available tools, reagents and standard histologic equipment. This should allow any investigator to easily make adjustments to this protocol as needed based on their experimental goals.}, number={4}, journal={TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES}, author={Yang, Tzushan S. and LaDouceur, Elise E. B. and Baumgartner, Wes A. and Marr, Henry S. and Karounos, Michael and Robertson, James and Whitehurst, Nathan and Miller, Laura S. and Birkenheuer, Adam J.}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{veerasammy_gonzalez_báez‐ramos_schaaf_stewart_ludwig_mckinney‐aguirre_freund_robertson_gonzalez_2023, title={Changes in equine intestinal stem/progenitor cell number at resection margins in cases of small intestinal strangulation}, volume={55}, ISSN={0425-1644 2042-3306}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.13927}, DOI={10.1111/evj.13927}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={Equine Veterinary Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Veerasammy, Brittany and Gonzalez, Gabriel and Báez‐Ramos, Patricia and Schaaf, Cecilia R. and Stewart, Amy Stieler and Ludwig, Elsa K. and McKinney‐Aguirre, Caroline and Freund, John and Robertson, James and Gonzalez, Liara M.}, year={2023}, month={Feb}, pages={995–1002} }
 @article{wallace_love_gensler_jacob_robertson_messenger_2023, title={Comparative growth dynamics of bacterial and fungal contaminants in bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension, bupivacaine 0.5%, and propofol}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1932-6203"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281768}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0281768}, abstractNote={
Objective
To determine whether bupivacaine liposomal injectable suspension (BLIS) supports microbial growth when artificially inoculated and to evaluate liposomal stability in the face of this extrinsic contamination as evidenced by changes in free bupivacaine concentrations.
}, number={2}, journal={PLOS ONE}, author={Wallace, Amber and Love, Lydia and Gensler, Catherine and Jacob, Megan and Robertson, James and Messenger, Kristen}, editor={Nevárez-Moorillón, Guadalupe VirginiaEditor}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{cassady_balko_bailey_posner_robertson_minter_2023, title={EVALUATION OF OSCILLOMETRIC BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT USING A FINGER CUFF IN ANESTHETIZED CHIMPANZEES (PAN TROGLODYTES)}, volume={54}, ISSN={["1937-2825"]}, DOI={10.1638/2021-0001}, abstractNote={Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is common among chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and serial blood pressure monitoring in conscious animals may improve disease surveillance and guide hypertension treatment strategies. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of a noninvasive, oscillometric blood pressure monitor using a finger blood pressure cuff with invasively measured blood pressure in anesthetized chimpanzees. Twelve chimpanzees were anesthetized with tiletamine–zolazepam intramuscularly, intubated, and maintained on inhaled isoflurane to effect. Blood pressure measurements, which included systolic arterial pressure (SAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), were collected simultaneously from an oscillometric blood pressure cuff placed on a forelimb digit (FBP) and a direct arterial catheter (IBP) every 5–10 min while anesthetized. One hundred paired samples were collected, and results were compared using Bland–Altman plots and analysis. FBP showed good agreement with IBP for SAP, MAP, and DAP but consistently overestimated values compared with IBP. FBP may be useful for serial blood pressure monitoring in conscious chimpanzees.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Cassady, Katherine R. and Balko, Julie A. and Bailey, Kate M. and Posner, Lysa P. and Robertson, James B. and Minter, Larry J.}, year={2023}, month={Mar}, pages={16–22} }
 @article{smith_berglund_robertson_schnabel_mcmullen_gilger_oh_2023, title={Effect of gentamicin on <scp>CD3</scp>+ T‐lymphocyte proliferation for treatment of equine recurrent uveitis: An in vitro study}, volume={26}, ISSN={1463-5216 1463-5224}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vop.13098}, DOI={10.1111/vop.13098}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={Veterinary Ophthalmology}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Smith, Hannah L. and Berglund, Alix K. and Robertson, James B. and Schnabel, Lauren V. and McMullen, Richard J., Jr and Gilger, Brian C. and Oh, Annie}, year={2023}, month={Apr}, pages={347–354} }
 @article{stonex_watanabe_robertson_westermeyer_2023, title={Equine pectinate ligament descemetization is associated with age}, volume={2}, ISSN={["1463-5224"]}, DOI={10.1111/vop.13071}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY OPHTHALMOLOGY}, author={Stonex, Tara M. and Watanabe, Tatiane Terumi Negrao and Robertson, James B. and Westermeyer, Hans D.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{himebaugh_robertson_weninger_gilger_ekesten_oh_2023, title={Ex vivo analysis of ultraviolet radiation transmission through ocular media and retina in select species}, volume={233}, ISSN={0014-4835}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2023.109550}, DOI={10.1016/j.exer.2023.109550}, abstractNote={The aim of this study was to assess the transmission of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation (200–400 nm) through intact enucleated globes of different species (dogs, cats, pigs, rabbits, horses, and humans) using spectrophotometry. Globes of cats (n = 6), dogs (n = 18), pigs (n = 10), rabbits (n = 6), horses (n = 10), and humans (n = 4) were analyzed. A 5–10 mm circular area of sclera and choroid from the posterior aspect of the globe was removed under a surgical microscope, leaving the retina intact in all species except the horse. Glass coverslips were added in horses and rabbits due to retinal and globe fragility. The %T of wavelengths from 200 to 800 nm were measured through the ocular media (cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous humor) and retina, and compared between species. The globes of cats and dogs allowed the most amount of UV radiation transmission, while those of pigs and humans allowed the least amount of UV radiation transmission. A small amount of UV radiation transmission through the ocular media was detected in the rabbit and horse. Results from this study will support further vision research that may be used to train companion, working, and service animals.}, journal={Experimental Eye Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Himebaugh, Nicole E. and Robertson, James B. and Weninger, Keith and Gilger, Brian C. and Ekesten, Bjorn and Oh, Annie}, year={2023}, month={Aug}, pages={109550} }
 @article{lynch_ruterbories_robertson_lunn_mowat_2023, title={Hemostatic profiles in dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome}, volume={4}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16710}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16710}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Lynch, Alex M. M. and Ruterbories, Laura K. K. and Robertson, James B. B. and Lunn, Katharine F. F. and Mowat, Freya M. M.}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @article{schreeg_cullen_robertson_gookin_2023, title={Histologic characterization of the major duodenal papilla and association with concurrent biliary, pancreatic, and intestinal pathology in cats}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1544-2217"]}, DOI={10.1177/03009858231189450}, abstractNote={ Conjoining of the major pancreatic duct and common bile duct at the major duodenal papilla (MDP) is suspected to predispose cats to the clinical syndrome of “triaditis.” However, microanatomy of the MDP or presence of lesions at the MDP has not been assessed in cats with or without triaditis. The aims of this study were to characterize feline MDP histomorphology and to identify associations between MDP anatomy/disease and the presence of biliary, pancreatic, or intestinal inflammation or neoplasia. Histologic assessment was prospectively performed on the MDP, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, liver, and pancreas from 124 client-owned cats undergoing postmortem examination. The majority of cats (104/124, 84%) had a complex ductular network at the MDP, with no distinction between pancreatic and common bile ducts. Lymphoid aggregates at the MDP were common (63/124, 51%). Inflammation of the MDP (MDPitis) was present in 35 of 124 cats (28%) and was often concurrent with cholangitis, pancreatitis, or enteritis (32/35, 91%), but was only associated with enteritis (19/35, 54%, P < .05). Triaditis was less common (19/124, 15%), but was associated with both conjoined MDP anatomy (19/19, 100%, P < .05) and MDPitis (12/19, 63%, P < .05). Neoplasia was present in 37 of 124 cats (29%), with lymphoma (28/37, 78%) predominating. Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma type 2 (EATL2) was most common ( n = 16/37, 43%) and was associated with triaditis and MDPitis ( P < .05). These findings suggest that anatomy, immune activation, and/or inflammation of the MDP may play a role in the pathogenesis of triaditis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationships between triaditis, MDPitis, and EATL2. }, journal={VETERINARY PATHOLOGY}, author={Schreeg, Megan E. and Cullen, John M. and Robertson, James and Gookin, Jody L.}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
 @article{gedon_bizikova_olivry_mendoza-kuznetsova_oberkirchner_robertson_linder_2023, title={Histopathological characterisation of trunk-dominant canine pemphigus foliaceus, and comparison with classic facial and insecticide-triggered forms}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1365-3164"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.13174}, DOI={10.1111/vde.13174}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY DERMATOLOGY}, author={Gedon, Natalie Katharina Yvonne and Bizikova, Petra and Olivry, Thierry and Mendoza-Kuznetsova, Ekaterina and Oberkirchner, Ursula and Robertson, James Benjamin and Linder, Keith Emerson}, year={2023}, month={Jun} }
 @article{knight_royal_robertson_2023, title={Hurdles of Cataract Surgery: Veterinary Ophthalmology Resident's Perspective (Part B)}, volume={3}, ISSN={["1943-7218"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2022-0082}, DOI={10.3138/jvme-2022-0082}, abstractNote={ The purpose of this study was to describe the perceived preparedness for performing cataract surgery of veterinary ophthalmology residents’ who are currently enrolled in, or recently graduated from, veterinary academic or private practice institutions. A descriptive survey was distributed online to 127 residents at academic and private practice training programs in the United States. The survey included items about educational resources available for residents and techniques commonly taught during cataract surgery. Residents were asked to describe their perceived preparedness in performing various surgical steps or techniques, difficulty of each surgical step, and the available educational resources. Thirty-five (27.5%) residents completed the survey and were included in this study. Residents who had access to wet labs gained surgical competency in creating a clear corneal incision, capsulorhexis, and wound closure. They reported sculpting with the phacoemulsification handpiece, quadrant or cortical removal, and capsulorhexis as most difficult and were not as prepared or a little prepared in performing capsulorhexis and sculpting during active phacoemulsification. When comparing residents’ perceived competency before and after their first surgical experience, there was a significant change in their ability to perform all surgical steps except hydrodissection ( p < .05). Cataract surgery is one of the more advanced surgical skills obtained during residency training. Supervised wet lab time improves a resident’s preparedness for executing certain surgical steps. However, further research is needed to determine whether educational resources such as structured curriculum or virtual simulation may improve residents’ preparedness for executing surgical steps not easily replicated in a wet lab. }, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION}, author={Knight, LaTisha N. and Royal, Kenneth D. and Robertson, James B.}, year={2023}, month={Mar} }
 @article{sheats_petritz_robertson_2023, title={Investigation of a Questionnaire Used to Measure Self-Perception of Self-Regulated Learning in Veterinary Students}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1943-7218"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3138/jvme-2023-0046}, DOI={10.3138/jvme-2023-0046}, abstractNote={ In the United States, the veterinary medical curriculum is 4 years, and at most institutions, no more than one-third of that time is devoted to clinical training, meaning that graduates must continue learning post-graduation. Additionally, practicing veterinarians must keep up with new discoveries and techniques in the veterinary medical field, and may also choose to pursue specific interests or specialties post-graduation. For these reasons, it is essential that veterinarians be competent, self-regulated, life-long learners. Despite agreement regarding the importance of self-regulated learning (SRL) for veterinary professionals, there is currently a paucity of data available on self-regulated learning in veterinary students. The Self-Regulated Learning Perception Scale (SRLPS) is a 41-item instrument that has been previously validated in other graduate student populations, including medical students. It addresses four domains of self-regulated learning including motivation and action to learning, planning and goal setting, strategies for learning, and assessment and self-directedness. For this project, we hypothesized that the SRLPS would have high reliability among veterinary students. As part of a larger online survey, 82 veterinary students (years 1–4) voluntarily completed the SRLPS. The instrument was generally internally consistent, with the dimensions “Motivation and action to learn,” “Planning and goal setting,” “Strategies for learning and assessment,” and “Lack of self-directedness” having Cronbach's alpha values of .73, .8, .87, and .63 respectively. The SRLPS could have broad applications in veterinary educational practices and research, including assessing impact of courses on professional development and/or coaching/mentoring programs and better understanding short- and long-term educational and career outcomes for veterinarians. }, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION}, author={Sheats, M. Katie and Petritz, Olivia A. and Robertson, James B.}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{hepworth-warren_erwin_moore_talbot_young_neault_haugland_robertson_blikslager_2023, title={Risk factors associated with an outbreak of equine coronavirus at a large farm in North Carolina}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2023.1060759}, abstractNote={BackgroundEquine coronavirus (ECoV) leads to outbreaks with variable morbidity and mortality. Few previous reports of risk factors for infection are available in the literature.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Hepworth-Warren, Kate L. and Erwin, Sara J. and Moore, Caroline B. and Talbot, James R. and Young, Kimberly A. S. and Neault, Michael J. and Haugland, Jennifer C. and Robertson, James B. and Blikslager, Anthony T.}, year={2023}, month={Mar} }
 @article{hale_kapp_robertson_lewbart_ozawa_2023, title={The clinical features and treatment of fishhook injuries in freshwater turtles: 126 cases from 1997-2022}, volume={261}, ISSN={["1943-569X"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.23.03.0146}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={12}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Hale, Lily M. and Kapp, Sabrina L. and Robertson, James B. and Lewbart, Gregory A. and Ozawa, Sarah M.}, year={2023}, month={Dec}, pages={1829–1837} }
 @article{thomas_wiley_droste_robertson_inman_breen_2023, title={Whole exome sequencing analysis of canine urothelial carcinomas without BRAF V595E mutation: Short in-frame deletions in BRAF and MAP2K1 suggest alternative mechanisms for MAPK pathway disruption}, volume={19}, ISSN={["1553-7404"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1010575}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pgen.1010575}, abstractNote={Molecular profiling studies have shown that 85% of canine urothelial carcinomas (UC) harbor an activating BRAF V595E mutation, which is orthologous to the V600E variant found in several human cancer subtypes. In dogs, this mutation provides both a powerful diagnostic marker and a potential therapeutic target; however, due to their relative infrequency, the remaining 15% of cases remain understudied at the molecular level. We performed whole exome sequencing analysis of 28 canine urine sediments exhibiting the characteristic DNA copy number signatures of canine UC, in which the BRAF V595E mutation was undetected (UDV595E specimens). Among these we identified 13 specimens (46%) harboring short in-frame deletions within either BRAF exon 12 (7/28 cases) or MAP2K1 exons 2 or 3 (6/28 cases). Orthologous variants occur in several human cancer subtypes and confer structural changes to the protein product that are predictive of response to different classes of small molecule MAPK pathway inhibitors. DNA damage response and repair genes, and chromatin modifiers were also recurrently mutated in UDV595E specimens, as were genes that are positive predictors of immunotherapy response in human cancers. Our findings suggest that short in-frame deletions within BRAF exon 12 and MAP2K1 exons 2 and 3 in UDV595E cases are alternative MAPK-pathway activating events that may have significant therapeutic implications for selecting first-line treatment for canine UC. We developed a simple, cost-effective capillary electrophoresis genotyping assay for detection of these deletions in parallel with the BRAF V595E mutation. The identification of these deletion events in dogs offers a compelling cross-species platform in which to study the relationship between somatic alteration, protein conformation, and therapeutic sensitivity.}, number={4}, journal={PLOS GENETICS}, author={Thomas, Rachael and Wiley, Claire A. and Droste, Emma L. and Robertson, James and Inman, Brant A. and Breen, Matthew}, editor={Leeb, TossoEditor}, year={2023}, month={Apr} }
 @article{mcparland_horne_robertson_schnabel_nelson_2022, title={Alterations to the synovial invaginations of the navicular bone are associated with pathology of both the navicular apparatus and distal interphalangeal joint when evaluated using high field MRI}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1740-8261"]}, DOI={10.1111/vru.13140}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY RADIOLOGY & ULTRASOUND}, author={McParland, Thomas J. and Horne, Caitlyn R. and Robertson, James B. and Schnabel, Lauren V. and Nelson, Nathan C.}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{walker_defrancesco_bonagura_keene_meurs_tou_kurtz_aona_barron_mcmanamey_et al._2022, title={Association of diet with clinical outcomes in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure*}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1875-0834"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvc.2021.02.001}, abstractNote={Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in dogs has been associated with feeding of grain-free (GF), legume-rich diets. Some dogs with presumed diet-associated DCM have shown improved myocardial function and clinical outcomes following a change in diet and standard medical therapy. Prior GF (pGF) diet influences reverse cardiac remodeling and clinical outcomes in dogs with DCM and congestive heart failure (CHF). A retrospective study was performed with 67 dogs with DCM and CHF for which diet history was known. Dogs were grouped by diet into pGF and grain-inclusive (GI) groups. Dogs in the pGF group were included if diet change was a component of therapy. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and the Cox proportional-hazards model. The median survival time was 344 days for pGF dogs vs. 253 days for GI dogs (P = 0.074). Statistically significant differences in median survival were identified when the analysis was limited to dogs surviving longer than one week (P = 0.033). Prior GF dogs had a significantly worse outcome the longer a GF diet was fed prior to diagnosis (P = 0.004) or if they were diagnosed at a younger age (P = 0.017). Prior GF dogs showed significantly greater improvement in normalized left ventricular internal diastolic diameter (P = 0.038) and E-point septal separation (P = 0.031) measurements and significant decreases in their furosemide (P = 0.009) and pimobendan (P < 0.005) dosages over time compared to GI dogs. Prior GF dogs that survived at least one week after diagnosis of DCM, treatment of CHF, and diet change had better clinical outcomes and showed reverse ventricular remodeling compared to GI dogs.}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY CARDIOLOGY}, author={Walker, A. L. and DeFrancesco, T. C. and Bonagura, J. D. and Keene, B. W. and Meurs, K. M. and Tou, S. P. and Kurtz, K. and Aona, B. and Barron, L. and McManamey, A. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Apr}, pages={99–109} }
 @article{guillaumin_defrancesco_scansen_quinn_whelan_hanel_goy-thollot_bublot_robertson_bonagura_2022, title={Bilateral lysis of aortic saddle thrombus with early tissue plasminogen activator (BLASTT): a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study in feline acute aortic thromboembolism}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1532-2750"]}, DOI={10.1177/1098612X221135105}, abstractNote={Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) on the treatment of feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE). }, journal={JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY}, author={Guillaumin, Julien and DeFrancesco, Teresa C. and Scansen, Brian A. and Quinn, Rebecca and Whelan, Megan and Hanel, Rita and Goy-Thollot, Isabelle and Bublot, Isabelle and Robertson, James B. and Bonagura, John D.}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @article{knutson_petritz_thomson_robertson_balko_2022, title={Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone and Midazolam Compared With Midazolam and Butorphanol in Rhode Island Red Hens (Gallus gallus domesticus)}, volume={36}, ISSN={["1938-2871"]}, DOI={10.1647/20-00087}, abstractNote={Abstract: Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) often undergo veterinary procedures requiring sedation; however, there is little published research evaluating the efficacy of sedation protocols in this species. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of intramuscular alfaxalone and midazolam compared with intramuscular butorphanol and midazolam in chickens. In a complete crossover study, 11 healthy adult hens were randomly administered midazolam 2.5 mg/kg IM combined with either alfaxalone 15 mg/kg IM (AM, n = 11) or butorphanol 3 mg/kg IM (BM, n = 11), with a 35-day washout period between groups. Time to first effects, recumbency, standing, and recovery were recorded. Physiologic parameters and sedation scores were recorded every 5 minutes by 2 blinded investigators. Fifteen minutes after injection, positioning for sham whole body radiographs was attempted. At 30 minutes, flumazenil 0.05 mg/kg IM was administered to all hens. Peak total sedation score was significantly higher for AM compared with BM (P < 0.001). Mean ± SD or median (range) time to initial effects, recumbency, standing, and recovery in AM and BM were 1.9 ± 0.6 and 2.6 ± 0.9 (P = 0.02), 3.5 (1.6–7.6) and 4.8 (2.2–13.0) (P = 0.10), 40.3 (28.0–77.8) and 33.2 (5.2–41.3) (P = 0.15), and 71.2 (45.7–202.3) and 39.9 (35.9–45.9) minutes (P = 0.05), respectively. Radiographic positioning was successful in 6 of 11 (54.5%) and 0 of 11 (0%) birds in the AM and BM groups at 15 minutes, respectively. Heart and respiratory rates remained within acceptable clinical limits for all birds. Intramuscular AM resulted in significantly faster onset of sedative effects, significantly longer duration of recumbency, significantly higher peak sedation, and improved success of radiographic positioning compared with intramuscular BM. Intramuscular AM produces clinically effective sedation in chickens without clinically significant cardiorespiratory effects.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF AVIAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY}, author={Knutson, Kyra A. and Petritz, Olivia A. and Thomson, Andrea and Robertson, James and Balko, Julie A.}, year={2022}, month={Sep}, pages={287–294} }
 @article{ortiz_belda_hash_enomoto_robertson_lascelles_2022, title={Initial exploration of the discriminatory ability of the PetPace collar to detect differences in activity and physiological variables between healthy and osteoarthritic dogs}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2673-561X"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpain.2022.949877}, DOI={10.3389/fpain.2022.949877}, abstractNote={BackgroundAccelerometry has been used to evaluate activity in dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) pain, especially in relation to effect of treatment; however no studies have compared accelerometry-measured activity in dogs with OA-pain and healthy dogs. The aims of this study were to (1) compare activity output from the PetPace collar with the validated Actical monitor and (2) determine if PetPace collar outputs (overall activity, activity levels, body position, and vital signs) differed between healthy dogs and dogs with OA-pain.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Ortiz, Avery Rowlison and Belda, Beatriz and Hash, Jon and Enomoto, Masataka and Robertson, James and Lascelles, B. Duncan X.}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{sheats_kortum_huckel_robertson_2022, title={Lack of correlation between pre-veterinary school experience hours and DVM course performance: Pros and cons of veterinary work experience as a prerequisite for admission to veterinary school}, volume={5}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ehp.ehp_25_21}, DOI={10.4103/ehp.ehp_25_21}, abstractNote={In this article, we explore the issue of prerequisite veterinary experience hours as a requirement for veterinary school applications. Our interest in this topic began with an investigation into the correlation between species-specific animal experience hours reported in Veterinary Medical College Application Service (VMCAS) applications and third-year grades in companion animal, equine, and ruminant medicine courses for 288 veterinary students. We hypothesized that species-specific experience hours prior to veterinary school would correlate with grades in species-specific courses, particularly in equine and ruminant-focused courses. Using an isometric-log regression analysis, we found no significant association between final course grades and total, or species-specific, veterinary experience hours reported in VMCAS applications. We propose that these data support the assertion that students with wide ranges of pre-veterinary animal experience hours can be successful in third-year Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) species-specific medicine and surgery courses. With this finding in mind, we discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of veterinary work experience as a prerequisite for DVM program admission. Although additional studies are needed, we suggest that DVM program admissions criteria should be carefully reexamined with particular consideration for unintentional barriers to equity and inclusivity within the veterinary profession.}, number={1}, journal={Education in the Health Professions}, publisher={Medknow}, author={Sheats, MKatie and Kortum, Amanda and Huckel, Jeffrey and Robertson, James}, year={2022}, pages={4} }
 @article{villamizar-martinez_villegas_duailibi_robertson_soltero-rivera_reiter_chilvarquer_gioso_2022, title={Morphometry and Morphology of the Articular Surfaces of the Medial Region of the Temporomandibular Joint in the Felis Catus (Domestic cat)-A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2470-4083"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08987564221141985}, DOI={10.1177/08987564221141985}, abstractNote={ The articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the cat consist of the articular head of the condylar process of the ramus of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the petrous part of the temporal bone. Anatomic conformation of the TMJ articular surfaces can vary; however, this has not been studied in the cat. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the conformation of the medial region of the TMJ in mesocephalic adult cats as well as to determine the articular relationship by measurement of the degree of coverage of the mandibular fossa over the articular head. This was accomplished by assessing 60 TMJs from 30 mesocephalic adult cats by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The width and depth of the mandibular fossa, and the degree of coverage of the mandibular fossa were evaluated using parasagittal reconstructions of the medial aspect of the TMJ by two observers. No statistically significant difference was observed during the intra and interobserver evaluation of the mandibular fossa width and depth and the degree of coverage of the mandibular fossa over the articular head. P-values for the studied variables were greater than 0.05. The resulting measurements demonstrated a concave mandibular fossa with a prominent retroarticular process and a poorly developed articular eminence; a well-defined rounded articular surface, and a high degree of coverage (171°) of the mandibular fossa over the articular head. In conclusion, the articular surfaces at the medial aspect of the TMJ displayed elevated geometric similarity, with an articular head of the condylar process deeply seated in the mandibular fossa. }, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DENTISTRY}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Villamizar-Martinez, Lenin A. A. and Villegas, Cristian M. M. and Duailibi, Eduardo and Robertson, James B. B. and Soltero-Rivera, Maria and Reiter, Alexander M. M. and Chilvarquer, Israel and Gioso, Marco A. A.}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{chalifoux_butty_mauro_moyle_ehrhardt_robertson_labato_culler_londono_vigani_et al._2022, title={Outcomes of 434 dogs with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug toxicosis treated with fluid therapy, lipid emulsion, or therapeutic plasma exchange}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16603}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16603}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Chalifoux, Nolan V. and Butty, Emmanuelle M. and Mauro, Katie D. and Moyle, Rachel B. and Ehrhardt, Caryn M. and Robertson, James B. and Labato, Mary A. and Culler, Christine A. and Londono, Leonel A. and Vigani, Alessio and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{butty_suter_chalifoux_lynch_mauro_moyle_ehrhardt_robertson_culler_londono_et al._2022, title={Outcomes of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug toxicosis treated with therapeutic plasma exchange in 62 dogs}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16507}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Butty, Emmanuelle M. and Suter, Steven E. and Chalifoux, Nolan V and Lynch, Alex M. and Mauro, Katie D. and Moyle, Rachel B. and Ehrhardt, Caryn M. and Robertson, James B. and Culler, Christine A. and Londono, Leonel A. and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{oda_wang_hampton_robertson_posner_2022, title={Perianesthetic mortality in English Bulldogs: a retrospective analysis in 2010-2017}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1746-6148"]}, DOI={10.1186/s12917-022-03301-9}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Oda, Ayako and Wang, Wen Hui and Hampton, Amanda K. and Robertson, James B. and Posner, Lysa P.}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @article{wang_lynch_balko_duffy_robertson_posner_2022, title={Point-of-care viscoelastic coagulation assessment in healthy dogs during the perianesthetic period}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1746-6148"]}, DOI={10.1186/s12917-022-03442-x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Wang, Wen H. and Lynch, Alex M. and Balko, Julie A. and Duffy, Daniel J. and Robertson, James B. and Posner, Lysa P.}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{vaden_mathews_yoo_williams_harris_secoura_robertson_gleason_reynolds_piedrahita_2022, title={The use of autologous skeletal muscle progenitor cells for adjunctive treatment of presumptive urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in female dogs}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16505}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16505}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Vaden, Shelly L. and Mathews, Kyle G. and Yoo, James and Williams, James Koudy and Harris, Tonya and Secoura, Patty and Robertson, James and Gleason, Katherine L. and Reynolds, Hannah and Piedrahita, Jorge}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{moore_scheible_robertson_meiklejohn_2022, title={Assessing the lysis of diverse pollen from bulk environmental samples for DNA metabarcoding}, volume={6}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.6.89753}, DOI={10.3897/mbmg.6.89753}, abstractNote={Pollen is ubiquitous year-round in bulk environmental samples and can provide useful information on previous and current plant communities. Characterization of pollen has traditionally been completed based on morphology, requiring significant time and expertise. DNA metabarcoding is a promising approach for characterizing pollen from bulk environmental samples, but accuracy hinges on successful lysis of pollen grains to free template DNA. In this study, we assessed the lysis of morphologically and taxonomically diverse pollen from one of the most common bulk environmental sample types for DNA metabarcoding, surface soil. To achieve this, a four species artificial pollen mixture was spiked into surface soils collected from Colorado, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania, and subsequently subjected to DNA extraction using both the PowerSoil and PowerSoil Pro Kits (Qiagen) with a heated incubation (either 65 °C or 90 °C). Amplification and Illumina sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer subunit 2 (ITS2) was completed in duplicate for each sample (total n, 76), and the resulting sequencing reads taxonomically identified using GenBank. The PowerSoil Pro Kit statistically outperformed the PowerSoil Kit for total DNA yield. When using either kit, incubation temperature (65 °C or 90 °C) used had no impact on the recovery of DNA, plant amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), or total plant ITS2 reads. This study highlighted that lysis of pollen in bulk environmental samples is feasible using commercially available kits, and downstream DNA metabarcoding can be used to accurately characterize pollen DNA from such sample types.}, journal={Metabarcoding and Metagenomics}, publisher={Pensoft Publishers}, author={Moore, Madison A. and Scheible, Melissa K.R. and Robertson, James B. and Meiklejohn, Kelly A}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{love_hedgpeth_robertson_marks_schoenfeld-tacher_2021, title={Assessment of Safety Culture at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the United States}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2021.638764}, abstractNote={This study assessed the fidelity of an existing questionnaire regarding attitudes toward safety culture in an academic veterinary hospital setting and gathered baseline data on these attitudes in a local population. A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate perceptions held by veterinary teaching hospital employees. An established veterinary safety culture survey was modified and administered as a confidential online survey to faculty, house officers, and professional staff of a veterinary teaching hospital in the United States. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis were conducted to compare the adapted survey to the established version. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize baseline safety culture. The adapted survey exhibited factor groupings that were mostly in agreement with, but slightly different from, the original instrument. In general, survey respondents outlined positive attitudes toward the various domains of safety culture, though we identified opportunities for improvement in some areas. An adapted veterinary safety culture survey can be applied to a veterinary teaching hospital in the United States to assess baseline data surrounding the culture of safety and to identify opportunities for focused improvement efforts.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Love, Lydia C. and Hedgpeth, Mari-Wells and Robertson, James B. and Marks, Steven L. and Schoenfeld-Tacher, Regina M.}, year={2021}, month={Mar} }
 @article{villamizar-martinez_chia_robertson_villegas_reiter_2021, title={Comparison of unilateral rostral, middle and caudal segmental mandibulectomies as an alternative treatment for unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis in cats: an ex vivo study}, volume={23}, ISSN={["1532-2750"]}, DOI={10.1177/1098612X20977134}, abstractNote={Objectives Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) is the partial or complete inability to open the mouth due to intra- or extra-articular fibrous, bony or fibro-osseous tissue proliferation. Surgical procedures such as gap arthroplasty, condylectomy or wide extra-articular osteotomy have been recommended to treat this condition; these techniques are challenging, time-consuming and have been occasionally associated with postoperative recurrence, severe periarticular neurovascular iatrogenic trauma and death. Segmental mandibulectomy had previously been recommended as an alternative option for unilateral TMJA, but the location of mandibulectomy and extent of bone removal from the mandible region have not been mentioned in the literature. This study aimed to validate the area of the mandibular body (rostral, middle or caudal) and amount of bony tissue that should be osteotomized during a segmental mandibulectomy for treatment of unilateral TMJA in cats. }, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY}, author={Villamizar-Martinez, Lenin A. and Chia, Han and Robertson, James B. and Villegas, Cristian M. and Reiter, Alexander M.}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={783–793} }
 @article{sheats_burke_robertson_fiebrandt_fogle_2021, title={Development and Formative Evaluation of a Low-Fidelity Equine Castration Model for Veterinary Education}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, url={https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8476848}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2021.689243}, abstractNote={Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) are units of activity that early-stage professionals perform in the workplace that necessitate simultaneous integration of multiple competencies. EPA #6 requires students to perform a common surgical procedure on a stable patient, including pre-operative and post-operative management. Castration is one of the most common surgeries performed by equine primary care practitioners and is considered an “entry-level competency” for veterinary graduates entering equine private practice, however, to our knowledge there are no equine castration models available for veterinary student education. Therefore, we developed an inexpensive, low-fidelity model of equine field castration and evaluated it using a mixed-methods approach. Two different groups of students, with or without model experience, completed surveys before and after live horse castration. Students who used the model also completed model specific surveys. Videos of the students completing the model were evaluated by at least two different equine veterinary faculty using a 15-point rubric, and inter-rater reliability of the rubric was determined. After completing the model, students reflected on strengths and weaknesses of their performance. From our student survey results, we determined that student attitudes toward the model were mostly positive. Interestingly, there were several student attitudes toward the model that became significantly more favorable after live horse castration. Prior to live horse castration, there was no significant difference in confidence in model vs. no-model groups. Following live horse castration, students who used the model had higher confidence in procedure preparation and hand-ties than students who did not use the model, but they had lower scores for confidence during patient recovery. When reflecting on model castration, students most commonly cited preparation and surgical description as strengths, and ligature placement and hand-ties as weaknesses. Experts provided several suggestions to improve the model, including incorporation of emasculators and the need for better model stabilization. Our findings suggest that both students and veterinary educators feel that this low-fidelity model has educational value. Rubric performance metrics were favorable, but additional steps are needed to improve grading consistency among educators. Future research will determine whether student performance on the model is predictive of competence score during live-horse castration.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Sheats, M. Katie and Burke, Megan J. and Robertson, James B. and Fiebrandt, Katherine E. and Fogle, Callie A.}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{price_lai_marcus_robertson_lascelles_nolan_2021, title={Early radiation-induced oral pain signaling responses are reduced with pentoxifylline treatment}, volume={62}, ISSN={["1740-8261"]}, DOI={10.1111/vru.12943}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={VETERINARY RADIOLOGY & ULTRASOUND}, author={Price, Mikayla L. and Lai, Yen-Hao Erik and Marcus, Karen L. and Robertson, James B. and Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Nolan, Michael W.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={255–263} }
 @article{graham_tefft_stowe_jacob_robertson_hawkins_2021, title={Factors associated with clinical interpretation of tracheal wash fluid from dogs with respiratory disease: 281 cases (2012-2017)}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16052}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16052}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Graham, Amber M. and Tefft, Karen M. and Stowe, Devorah M. and Jacob, Megan E. and Robertson, James B. and Hawkins, Eleanor C.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={1073–1079} }
 @article{zibura_robertson_westermeyer_2021, title={Gonioscopic iridocorneal angle morphology and incidence of postoperative ocular hypertension and glaucoma in dogs following cataract surgery}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1463-5224"]}, DOI={10.1111/vop.12802}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={VETERINARY OPHTHALMOLOGY}, author={Zibura, Ashley E. and Robertson, James B. and Westermeyer, Hans D.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={50–62} }
 @article{stewart_schaaf_luff_freund_becker_tufts_robertson_gonzalez_2021, title={HOPX+ injury-resistant intestinal stem cells drive epithelial recovery after severe intestinal ischemia}, volume={321}, ISSN={["1522-1547"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00165.2021}, DOI={10.1152/ajpgi.00165.2021}, abstractNote={ This paper supports that rISCs are resistant to ischemic injury and likely an important source of cellular renewal following near-complete epithelial loss. Furthermore, we have evidence that HOPX controls ISC activity state and may be a critical signaling pathway during ISC-mediated repair. Finally, we use multiple novel methods to evaluate ISCs in a translationally relevant large animal model of severe intestinal injury and provide evidence for the potential role of rISCs as therapeutic targets. }, number={5}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY}, publisher={American Physiological Society}, author={Stewart, Amy Stieler and Schaaf, Cecilia Renee and Luff, Jennifer A. and Freund, John M. and Becker, Thomas C. and Tufts, Sara R. and Robertson, James B. and Gonzalez, Liara M.}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={G588–G602} }
 @article{lai_baumer_meneses_roback_robertson_mishra_lascelles_nolan_2021, title={Irradiation of the Normal Murine Tongue Causes Upregulation and Activation of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Ion Channels}, volume={196}, ISSN={["1938-5404"]}, DOI={10.1667/RADE-21-000103.1}, abstractNote={Signal transduction at sensory neurons occurs via transmembrane flux of cations, which is largely governed by the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of ion channels. It is unknown whether TRP channel activation contributes to the pain that accompanies radiation-induced oral mucositis. This study sought to characterize changes in TRP channel expression and function that occur in the locally irradiated tissues and afferent neurons of mice. Female CD-1 mice received single high-dose (27 Gy) tongue irradiation, or sham irradiation. Animals were euthanized either before overt glossitis developed (days 1 and 5 postirradiation), when glossitis was severe (day 11), or after mice had recovered (days 21 and 45). Tongue irradiation caused upregulation of the Trpv1 gene in trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons. Other TRP genes (Trpv2, Trpv4, Trpa1, Trpm8) and Gfrα3 (which acts upstream of several TRP channels) were also upregulated in TGs and/or tongue tissue, in response to radiation. Ex vivo calcium imaging experiments demonstrated that the proportions of TG neurons responding to histamine (an activator of TRPV1, TRPV4 and TRPA1), TNF-α (an activator of TRPV1, TRPV2 and TRPV4), and capsaicin (a TRPV1 agonist), were increased as early as one day after tongue irradiation; these changes persisted for at least 21 days. In a subsequent experiment, we found that genetic deletion of TRPV1 mitigated weight loss (a surrogate marker of pain severity) in mice with severe glossitis. The results intimate that various TRP channels, and TRPV1 in particular, should be explored as analgesic targets for patients experiencing pain after oral irradiation.}, number={4}, journal={RADIATION RESEARCH}, author={Lai, Yen and Baumer, Wolfgang and Meneses, Constanza and Roback, Donald M. and Robertson, James B. and Mishra, Santosh K. and Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Nolan, Michael W.}, year={2021}, month={Oct}, pages={331–344} }
 @article{chia_taney_hoover_robertson_villamizar-martinez_2021, title={Localization of the First Mandibular Molar Roots in Relationship to the Mandibular Canal in Small Breed Dogs-A Tomography Imaging Study}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2021.684763}, abstractNote={The intimate relationship between the mandibular canal (MC) and the first mandibular molar tooth presents challenges when performing dentoalveolar surgical procedures due to the probability of causing iatrogenic injury to the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle. Superimposition between the MC and the first molar (M1) tooth roots is often observed on intraoral dental radiographs in small breed dogs. However, due to the radiograph's bidimensional nature, it is impossible to determine the buccal or lingual localization of the first molar roots with respect to the MC. Thus, this study's objective was to determine the localization of the first molar tooth's roots in relation to the position of the MC and their overlapping percentage with the canal in small-bodyweight dogs (<15 kg) using tomographic diagnostic images. For this, cone-beam computed tomography and high-definition computed tomography exams from 103 small breed dogs (under 15 kg) were retrospectively assessed to determine the lingual or buccal localization of the first molar tooth's roots with respect to the MC and the degree of overlap of the roots with the canal. In conclusion, most of the roots of M1 of dogs under 15 kg were located at the MC's lingual aspect (82.7%) with an overall superimposition median with the MC of 100 and 90% for the mesial and distal roots, respectively. Straddle tooth roots were not a common anatomical presentation in the dogs of this study.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Chia, Han and Taney, Kendall and Hoover, Don and Robertson, James B. and Villamizar-Martinez, Lenin A.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @article{laquaglia_robertson_lunn_2021, title={Neutropenia in dogs receiving vincristine for treatment of presumptive immune-mediated thrombocytopenia}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16029}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16029}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, publisher={Wiley}, author={LaQuaglia, Kathryn A. and Robertson, James B. and Lunn, Katharine F.}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={226–233} }
 @article{woelfel_robertson_mariani_munana_early_olby_2021, title={Outcomes and prognostic indicators in 59 paraplegic medium to large breed dogs with extensive epidural hemorrhage secondary to thoracolumbar disc extrusion}, volume={50}, ISSN={["1532-950X"]}, DOI={10.1111/vsu.13592}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY SURGERY}, author={Woelfel, Christian W. and Robertson, James B. and Mariani, Chris L. and Munana, Karen R. and Early, Peter J. and Olby, Natasha J.}, year={2021}, month={Apr}, pages={527–536} }
 @article{cooley_meiklejohn_damaso_robertson_dawson cruz_2021, title={Performance Comparison of Massively Parallel Sequencing (MPS) Instruments Using Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Panels for Ancestry}, volume={26}, ISSN={["2472-6311"]}, DOI={10.1177/2472630320954180}, abstractNote={Thermo Fisher Scientific released the Precision ID Ancestry Panel, a 165-single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel for ancestry prediction that was initially compatible with the manufacturer’s massively parallel sequencer, the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM). The semiautomated workflow using the panel with the PGM involved several time-consuming manual steps across three instruments, including making templating solutions and loading sequencing chips. In 2014, the manufacturer released the Ion Chef robot, followed by the Ion S5 massively parallel sequencer in late 2015. The robot performs the templating with reagent cartridges and loads the chips, thus creating a fully automated workflow across two instruments. The objective of the work reported here is to compare the performance of two massively parallel sequencing systems and ascertain if the change in the workflow produces different ancestry predictions. For performance comparison of the two systems, forensic-type samples (n = 16) were used to make libraries. Libraries were templated either with the Ion OneTouch 2 system (for the PGM) or on the Ion Chef robot (for the S5). Sequencing results indicated that the ion sphere particle performance metrics were similar for the two systems. The total coverages per SNP and SNP quality were both higher for the S5 system. Ancestry predictions were concordant for the mock forensic-type samples sequenced on both massively parallel sequencing systems. The results indicated that automating the workflow with the Ion Chef system reduced the labor involved and increased the sequencing quality.}, number={1}, journal={SLAS TECHNOLOGY}, author={Cooley, Ashley M. and Meiklejohn, Kelly A. and Damaso, Natalie and Robertson, James M. and Dawson Cruz, Tracey}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={103–112} }
 @article{lindaberry_vaden_aicher_seiler_robertson_cianciolo_yang_gookin_2021, title={Proteinuria in dogs with gallbladder mucocele formation: A retrospective case control study}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16051}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Lindaberry, Crystal and Vaden, Shelly and Aicher, Kathleen M. and Seiler, Gabriela and Robertson, James and Cianciolo, Rachel and Yang, Ching and Gookin, Jody L.}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={878–886} }
 @article{enomoto_lascelles_robertson_gruen_2021, title={Refinement of the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI) and development of the short-form FMPI}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1532-2750"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X211011984}, DOI={10.1177/1098612X211011984}, abstractNote={Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and responsiveness of the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI) using the collective results of multiple clinical studies and iteratively refine the FMPI for future use. }, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF FELINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Enomoto, Masataka and Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Robertson, James B. and Gruen, Margaret E.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @article{berglund_long_robertson_schnabel_2021, title={TGF-beta 2 Reduces the Cell-Mediated Immunogenicity of Equine MHC-Mismatched Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Without Altering Immunomodulatory Properties}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2296-634X"]}, DOI={10.3389/fcell.2021.628382}, abstractNote={Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell therapy for treating numerous diseases, but major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched MSCs can be rejected by the recipient’s immune system. Pre-treating MSCs with transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) to downregulate surface expression of MHC molecules may enhance the ability of allogeneic MSCs to evade immune responses. We used lymphocyte proliferation assays and ELISAs to analyze the immunomodulatory potential of TGF-β2-treated equine bone marrow-derived MSCs. T cell activation and cytotoxicity assays were then used to measure thein vitrocell-mediated immunogenicity. Similar to untreated MSCs, TGF-β2-treated MSCs inhibited T cell proliferation and did not stimulate MHC-mismatched T cells to proliferate. Additionally, similar quantities of prostaglandin E2 and TGF-β1 were detected in assays with untreated and TGF-β2-treated MSCs supporting that TGF-β2-treated MSCs retain their strong immunomodulatory propertiesin vitro. Compared to untreated MSCs, TGF-β2-treated MSCs induced less T cell activation and had reduced cell-mediated cytotoxicityin vitro. These results indicate that treating MSCs with TGF-β2 is a promising strategy to reduce the cell-mediated immunogenicity of MHC-mismatched MSCs and facilitate allogeneic MSC therapy.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY}, author={Berglund, Alix K. and Long, Julie M. and Robertson, James B. and Schnabel, Lauren V}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{hedgespeth_stauffer_robertson_gookin_2020, title={Association of fecal sample collection technique and treatment history with Tritrichomonas foetus polymerase chain reaction test results in 1717 cats}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15727}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15727}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Hedgespeth, Barry A. and Stauffer, Stephen H. and Robertson, James B. and Gookin, Jody L.}, year={2020}, month={Mar}, pages={734–741} }
 @article{gruen_case_robertson_campbell_korpivaara_2020, title={Evaluation of repeated dosing of a dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel for treatment of noise aversion in dogs over a series of noise events}, volume={187}, ISSN={["2042-7670"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.106046}, DOI={10.1136/vr.106046}, abstractNote={Background Noise aversion is a common behavioural disorder in dogs; affected dogs show fear behaviours in response to noise stimuli. Pharmacological treatment is effective for many dogs; clinical reports suggest anxiolytic treatment lowers the need for treatment over time. We aimed to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel for dogs with noise aversion over a series of noise events. Furthermore, we evaluated burden of care for owners of dogs with noise aversion via questionnaire. Methods Owners of enrolled dogs completed records for 10 noise events indicating whether their dog received dexmedetomidine gel and pretreatment and post-treatment anxiety scores; adverse events were noted. Owners were queried about burden of care. Results Twenty-two client-owned dogs completed recordings for 10 events. Logistic regression results showed a significant effect for time of event with decreased probability of receiving treatment for subsequent events (OR=0.75, P=0.0017). Within an event, significant improvement in anxiety was seen (median improvement 11 points; paired Wilcoxon; P<0.0001). We found overall burden of care was manageable, yet many owners agreed with statements regarding frustration (42 per cent), stress (46 per cent), guilt (42 per cent) and sadness (75 per cent) about their dog’s condition. Conclusions Repeated use of dexmedetomidine gel for noise events resulted in decreased need for administration. Burden of care is important to discuss with clients.}, number={12}, journal={VETERINARY RECORD}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Gruen, Margaret and Case, Beth C. and Robertson, James B. and Campbell, Sharon and Korpivaara, Mira Elina}, year={2020}, month={Dec} }
 @article{amaral_rahman_kick_cortes_robertson_kaltenboeck_gerdts_o’connell_poston_zheng_et al._2020, title={Mucosal Vaccination with UV-Inactivated Chlamydia suis in Pre-Exposed Outbred Pigs Decreases Pathogen Load and Induces CD4 T-Cell Maturation into IFN-γ+ Effector Memory Cells}, volume={8}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030353}, DOI={10.3390/vaccines8030353}, abstractNote={Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections are the most frequent bacterial sexually transmitted disease, and they can lead to ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Despite these detrimental long-term sequelae, a vaccine is not available. Success in preclinical animal studies is essential for vaccines to move to human clinical trials. Pigs are the natural host to Chlamydia suis (Cs)—a chlamydia species closely related to Ct, and are susceptible to Ct, making them a valuable animal model for Ct vaccine development. Before making it onto market, Ct vaccine candidates must show efficacy in a high-risk human population. The high prevalence of human Ct infection combined with the fact that natural infection does not result in sterilizing immunity, results in people at risk likely having been pre-exposed, and thus having some level of underlying non-protective immunity. Like human Ct, Cs is highly prevalent in outbred pigs. Therefore, the goal of this study was to model a trial in pre-exposed humans, and to determine the immunogenicity and efficacy of intranasal Cs vaccination in pre-exposed outbred pigs. The vaccine candidates consisted of UV-inactivated Cs particles in the presence or absence of an adjuvant (TriAdj). In this study, both groups of vaccinated pigs had a lower Cs burden compared to the non-vaccinated group; especially the TriAdj group induced the differentiation of CD4+ cells into tissue-trafficking CCR7- IFN-γ-producing effector memory T cells. These results indicate that Cs vaccination of pre-exposed pigs effectively boosts a non-protective immune response induced by natural infection; moreover, they suggest that a similar approach could be applied to human vaccine trials.}, number={3}, journal={Vaccines}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Amaral, Amanda F. and Rahman, Khondaker S. and Kick, Andrew R. and Cortes, Lizette M. and Robertson, James and Kaltenboeck, Bernhard and Gerdts, Volker and O’Connell, Catherine M. and Poston, Taylor B. and Zheng, Xiaojing and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={353} }