@article{simmons_carr_hsu_craig_2023, title={Intention to reengage in entrepreneurship: Performance feedback, sensation seeking and workaholism}, volume={165}, ISSN={["1873-7978"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114042}, abstractNote={This study investigates whether prior success or failure feedback motivates individuals to reengage in entrepreneurship. Three studies test the moderating effects of the dispositional factors of sensation-seeking and workaholism on this relationship. Study 1 is a hybrid experiment that employs video manipulations to engage 136 student participants. Study 2 is a field survey with a sample of 189 real-world entrepreneurs who had shut down or discontinued a prior business. Study 3 is also a field survey with a sample of 340 ex-entrepreneurs who do not currently operate a business. The results of the three studies demonstrate that entrepreneurs' compulsion (i.e., sensation seeking and workaholism) can suppress cognition (i.e., prior performance feedback) in the decision of whether to reengage in entrepreneurship. These findings provide a psychological perspective that extends beyond commonly studied cognition and overconfidence theories.}, journal={JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH}, author={Simmons, Sharon A. and Carr, Jon C. and Hsu, Dan and Craig, S. Bartholomew}, year={2023}, month={Oct} }
 @article{carr_marshall_michaelis_pollack_sheats_2022, title={The role of work-to-venture role conflict on hybrid entrepreneurs’ transition into entrepreneurship}, volume={7}, ISSN={0047-2778 1540-627X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2022.2082455}, DOI={10.1080/00472778.2022.2082455}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Entrepreneurial effort is a process-related phenomenon, where individuals or teams organize and launch a venture to capitalize on identified opportunities. Using role theory as a guide, this study develops a new, theory-based construct associated with hybrid entrepreneurship, which we term as work-to-venture conflict (WVC). WVC reflects how the hybrid entrepreneurship process can create conflict between wage employment and venture-launch roles over time. Using a repeated-measures data collection over 26 weeks using a sample of hybrid entrepreneurs, this study uses growth modeling to test the dynamic nature of WVC and its relationships to wage-related outcomes. We find support for our hypothesized relationships that (a) an increase in startup effort over time for hybrid entrepreneurs is related to increased work-to-venture role conflict, which results in (b) a decrease in job satisfaction and increase in turnover intentions regarding their wage employment. Theoretical contributions and practical considerations associated with these findings are provided.}, journal={Journal of Small Business Management}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Carr, Jon C. and Marshall, David R. and Michaelis, Timothy L. and Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Sheats, Lewis}, year={2022}, month={Jul}, pages={1–24} }
 @article{michaelis_scheaf_carr_pollack_2022, title={An agentic perspective of resourcefulness: Self-reliant and joint resourcefulness behaviors within the entrepreneurship process}, volume={37}, ISSN={["1873-2003"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jbusvent.2020.106083}, abstractNote={We integrate social cognitive theory, and its tenets of personal and collective agency, to develop an individual-level perspective on entrepreneurs' resourcefulness behaviors that illustrates how resourcefulness behaviors can be classified as ‘self-reliant behaviors’ or ‘joint resourcefulness behaviors’. Using this novel cognitive theoretical approach, we provide and test a framework that explains how dispositional, perceptual, and behavioral factors interact in the enactment of purposeful action with regards to entrepreneurs' resourceful behaviors. Consistent with our hypotheses, results from a quantitative study of entrepreneurs (N = 178), as well as a supplemental study involving qualitative interviews with entrepreneurs (N = 15), highlight that entrepreneurs higher in frugality tend to perceive higher levels of environmental hostility. This relationship, in turn, leads to higher amounts of self-reliant resourcefulness behaviors (i.e., customer-related and internal self-financing bootstrapping behaviors) but not joint resourcefulness behaviors. Multiple theoretical and practical contributions emerge from our findings as the extant literature does not yet account for human agency as a reason why some entrepreneurs may choose to engage in certain resourceful behaviors relative to other behaviors.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF BUSINESS VENTURING}, author={Michaelis, Timothy L. and Scheaf, David J. and Carr, Jon C. and Pollack, Jeffrey M.}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{pollack_carr_corbett_hoyt_kellermanns_kirkman_post_2020, title={Contextual and Interactional Approaches to Advancing Leadership and Entrepreneurship Research}, volume={57}, ISSN={0022-2380 1467-6486}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joms.12605}, DOI={10.1111/joms.12605}, abstractNote={AbstractIn this introductory article for the special issue of Journal of Management Studies, entitled ‘Leading Entrepreneurial Ventures: Individual and Team‐Based Perspectives’, we leverage insights in the extant literature as well as those insights developed by the authors of the four articles published in response to our call for papers. Overall, we explore multiple nuanced questions with regards to research on entrepreneurship, research on leadership, and their intersection. Our goal is to begin to help guide research on entrepreneurship and leadership, and their intersection, for the next decade.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Management Studies}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Carr, Jon C. and Corbett, Andrew C. and Hoyt, Crystal L. and Kellermanns, Franz W. and Kirkman, Bradley L. and Post, Corinne}, year={2020}, month={Jun}, pages={915–930} }
 @article{pollack_garcia_michaelis_hanson_carr_sheats_2021, title={PURSUING B CORP CERTIFICATION: EXPLORING FIRMS' ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND PROSOCIAL MOTIVATION}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2168-1007"]}, DOI={10.5465/amd.2019.0083}, abstractNote={Our work is motivated by the empirical finding that Benefit Corporations (B Corps) that pursue certification experience a short-term slow down in financial performance. To shed light on this findin...}, number={2}, journal={ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT DISCOVERIES}, author={Pollack, Jeffrey M. and Garcia, Rosanna and Michaelis, Timothy L. and Hanson, Sheila and Carr, Jon C. and Sheats, Lewis}, year={2021}, month={Jun}, pages={294–316} }
 @article{carr_vardaman_marler_mclarty_blettner_2021, title={Psychological Antecedents of Decision Comprehensiveness and Their Relationship to Decision Quality and Performance in Family Firms: An Upper Echelons Perspective}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1741-6248"]}, DOI={10.1177/0894486520917774}, abstractNote={We present a model of family firm performance that tests the notion that strategic decision comprehensiveness plays a pivotal role in family business decision quality and performance. With insights derived from upper echelons theory, our model further proposes that two key decision maker traits associated with an individual’s information-gathering process—risk-taking propensity and need for cognition—influence strategic decision comprehensiveness and have indirect effects on both study outcomes. Study results using a time-lagged sample of family firm leaders provide broad support for our proposed model and provide insight into the performance and decision-making heterogeneity present in family firms.}, number={1}, journal={FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW}, author={Carr, J. On C. and Vardaman, James M. and Marler, Laura E. and McLarty, Benjamin D. and Blettner, Daniela}, year={2021}, month={Mar}, pages={33–47} }
 @article{michaelis_carr_scheaf_pollack_2020, title={The frugal entrepreneur: A self-regulatory perspective of resourceful entrepreneurial behavior}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1873-2003"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.105969}, abstractNote={The present research complements extant perspectives of resourcefulness, which assert that resourceful behaviors arise out of responses to environmental constraints, by developing a model illustrating that entrepreneurs self-impose constraints on resource acquisition and deployment for differing reasons. Specifically, we introduce a novel conceptualization of frugality and differentiate it from self-control to develop a set of hypotheses that frugality predicts resource use behaviors based on long-held preferences (e.g., effectuation and bricolage) and self-control predicts resource use behaviors based on known end states or goals (e.g., causation and pre-commitments). After accumulating evidence of reliability and validity for a new measure of frugality contextualized for entrepreneurship research, the results support our self-regulatory theoretical framework. Our study contributes to research on resourcefulness by making multiple theoretical insights, and we outline numerous future research opportunities for applying the construct of frugality to explain entrepreneurial behavior.}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF BUSINESS VENTURING}, author={Michaelis, Timothy L. and Carr, Jon C. and Scheaf, David J. and Pollack, Jeffrey M.}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @article{carr_de massis_pearson_2018, title={Reflections on the F-PEC Scale of Family Influence: Clarifying Its Distinctive Contribution}, volume={31}, ISSN={["1741-6248"]}, DOI={10.1177/0894486518774979}, abstractNote={With the 2002 publication of their article, “The F-PEC Scale of Family Influence: A Proposal for Solving the Family Business Definition Problem,” Astrachan, Klein, and Smyrnios provided a needed boost to advancing our understanding of how family businesses are defined from an academic standpoint. Briefly, their article reviewed and critiqued not only the many academic definitions associated with family businesses, but more importantly provided a roadmap toward a theoretically derived empirical scale that could be used by future studies to test the relationships between the family, the business, and important theoretically-driven outcomes. At that time, family business definitions were often the result of the choices family business scholars wished to make, either from a research design or from a research question standpoint. For example, a family business research study may have examined or compared family versus nonfamily businesses, and thus an artificial or perhaps arbitrary dichotomy was created to categorize these firms, using some a priori definition. Alternatively, creating an overly complex definition to aid in a study of family firms created challenges associated with generalizability, or perhaps with the degree to which such a definition could be operationalized for empirical testing. Using these challenges as a guide, Astrachan et al. (2002) advocated for a parsimonious, multidimensional approach to aid family business research that emphasized the degree to which the family influences the business along three different continuous dimensions. These three dimensions are (a) the role of power (via ownership, governance, and management participation), (b) the role of experience (via the generational characteristics associated with the business), and (c) the role of culture (via the family and business value systems that permeate the business). Each of these dimensions provided added clarity to how the family’s influence within a firm can make it more or less associated with the concept of “a family business.” The F-PEC dimension of Power focused heavily on the degree to which the family’s presence within the ownership structure, or the degree to which the family was involved in the governance of the firm, gave it the structural or organizational authority and control to influence the strategic actions the firm engaged in. The dimension of Experience was more strongly related to the influence on the firm that is gained from long-term family engagement. As the firm moved from one generation to the next, the knowledge and experiences gained would translate to a stronger influence on family-centered aspects of the family business. Finally, the Culture dimension captured the deep and prevailing values, expectations, and goals associated with the family’s own value systems, and how those value systems influence the direction of the firm going forward. Each of these dimensions conceptually developed within the Astrachan et al. (2002) study were associated with particular measureable characteristics within the respective firm. Moreover, a subsequent study designed and validated these characteristics and scale items, using a large sample of firms, such that a theoretically useful empirical measure could be used to advance this concept of family business influence within firms (Klein, Astrachan, & Smyrnios, 2005). The impact of the conceptual and empirical development of the F-PEC was considerable, but perhaps more important the concepts behind the F-PEC have inspired numerous research streams within family business. In fact, it could be argued that the degree to which the three dimensions that comprise the F-PEC scale have been expanded upon is perhaps its most lasting contribution. 774979 FBRXXX10.1177/0894486518774979Family Business ReviewCarr et al. research-article2018}, number={2}, journal={FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW}, author={Carr, Jon C. and De Massis, Alfredo and Pearson, Allison W.}, year={2018}, month={Jun}, pages={198–199} }
 @article{becton_carr_mossholder_walker_2017, title={Differential Effects of Task Performance, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Job Complexity on Voluntary Turnover}, volume={32}, ISSN={["1573-353X"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10869-016-9461-x}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND PSYCHOLOGY}, author={Becton, J. Bret and Carr, Jon C. and Mossholder, Kevin W. and Walker, H. Jack}, year={2017}, month={Aug}, pages={495–508} }
 @article{carr_chrisman_chua_steier_2016, title={Family Firm Challenges in Intergenerational Wealth Transfer}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1540-6520"]}, DOI={10.1111/etap.12240}, abstractNote={Family firm owners accumulate economic and noneconomic wealth that they may wish to transfer to the next generation. Their challenges in doing so include: what, to whom, when, and how to transfer this wealth. The decisions made and actions taken will impact behavior and performance as well as the type and amount of wealth eventually transferred. The articles and commentaries in this special issue address some of these challenges, specifically the what of family firm legacy, the who of willing intra–family successors, and the how of both family and business destabilization and re–stabilization after a major strategic move as illustrated by internationalization.}, number={6}, journal={ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE}, author={Carr, Jon C. and Chrisman, James J. and Chua, Jess H. and Steier, Lloyd P.}, year={2016}, month={Nov}, pages={1197–1208} }
 @article{holt_pearson_carr_barnett_2017, title={Family Firm(s) Outcomes Model: Structuring Financial and Nonfinancial Outcomes Across the Family and Firm}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1741-6248"]}, DOI={10.1177/0894486516680930}, abstractNote={Family firms are distinguished theoretically from nonfamily firms due to their pursuit of unique, family-related aspirations and goals. The pursuit of these aspirations and goals leads many family firms to define success or failure in terms of a broader set of outcomes than nonfamily firms. Despite this, family firm research has generally taken a constricted view of family firm outcomes by concentrating on narrowly defined financial performance as measured by accounting and/or market-based indicators. We contend that this somewhat myopic focus has slowed the field’s development to some degree, by constraining our ability to test its fundamental tenets. To address this, we draw on several disciplines to systematically order family firm outcomes within a family firm(s) outcomes model that encompasses both financial and nonfinancial dimensions. While financial performance is important in research and practice, herein we refer to both financial and nonfinancial outcomes and explain how these outcomes map on the family unit and the family firm. Furthermore, we suggest measures that can be used and explain how the model can be applied when researchers select financial and nonfinancial outcomes important to family members as the family firm’s success or failure is gauged.}, number={2}, journal={FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW}, author={Holt, Daniel T. and Pearson, Allison W. and Carr, Jon C. and Barnett, Tim}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={182–202} }
 @article{payne_pearson_carr_2017, title={Process and Variance Modeling: Linking Research Questions to Methods in Family Business Research}, volume={30}, ISSN={["1741-6248"]}, DOI={10.1177/0894486516679749}, abstractNote={ Models are an important component of research design that serve as intermediaries between theories and data, often directing decisions about methods and statistics. This article discusses the basic differences and assumptions associated with process and variance models as a way of introducing the four articles contained within this special issue of Family Business Review on “Process and Variance Methods.” Specifically, we highlight three key issues regarding modeling—time and causality, measurement and operationalization, and model specification—making specific ties to the challenges often associated with family business research. }, number={1}, journal={FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW}, author={Payne, G. Tyge and Pearson, Allison W. and Carr, Jon C.}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={11–18} }
 @article{hmieleski_carr_baron_2015, title={Integrating Discovery and Creation Perspectives of Entrepreneurial Action: The Relative Roles of Founding CEO Human Capital, Social Capital, and Psychological Capital in Contexts of Risk Versus Uncertainty}, volume={9}, ISSN={1932-4391}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/SEJ.1208}, DOI={10.1002/SEJ.1208}, abstractNote={Research summaryThis study examines the relationships of founding CEOs' intangible resources (human, social, and psychological capital) with the performance of their firms in environmental contexts of discovery (stable industry conditions that are characterized by risk) versus creation (dynamic industry conditions that are characterized by uncertainty). Results from a national (USA) random sample of founding CEOs (n = 223) found entrepreneurial experience (an aspect of human capital) to be positively related to performance in discovery contexts, whereas educational attainment, strong ties, and psychological capital (a composite index of optimism, self‐efficacy, resilience, and hope) were positively related to performance in creation contexts. These findings extend theorizing concerning discovery and creation perspectives from the pre‐entry phase (opportunity recognition) to the post‐entry phase (opportunity exploitation) of the entrepreneurial process.Managerial summaryThis research investigates the relationships of founding CEOs' intangible resources with the performance of their firms in industry environments that are stable (slow changing and predictable) versus dynamic (fast changing and unpredictable). The results indicate that entrepreneurial experience (number of prior new ventures founded) is positively related to performance in stable environments, whereas educational attainment (highest educational degree earned), strong ties (social connections to family members and friends who provide support relating to the firm), and psychological capital (inner cognitive, emotional, and behavioral resources used to cope with adversity) are positively related to performance in dynamic environments. The findings highlight the importance of fit between the intangible resources of founding CEOs and the characteristics of the industries in which they attempt to develop and grow their firms.}, number={4}, journal={Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Hmieleski, Keith M. and Carr, Jon C. and Baron, Robert A.}, year={2015}, month={Sep}, pages={289–312} }
 @article{greer_carr_hipp_2016, title={Strategic Staffing and Small-Firm Performance}, volume={55}, ISSN={0090-4848}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/HRM.21693}, DOI={10.1002/HRM.21693}, abstractNote={Although staffing can be a critical determinant of whether small businesses succeed or fail, there has been less research in this area than might be expected, given the large numbers of such firms. While there has been some research on specific recruiting and selection practices, there has been little attention to the strategic aspects of staffing. We investigated relationships between strategic approaches to staffing and small‐firm performance using lagged survey data from 139 founders and owners of small firms. Results indicate that recruiting approaches imitating the practices (processes) of larger businesses are positively related to a perceptual measure of firm performance. Selection approaches stressing a growth orientation are also positively related to firm performance. Finally, founders’ and owners’ perceptions of the strategic importance of human resources moderate the relationship of firm performance with imitative recruiting practices as well as with growth‐oriented selection practices. An important contribution of this article is that contextual knowledge facilitates our understanding of the performance implications of staffing practices in small firms. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.}, number={4}, journal={Human Resource Management}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Greer, Charles R. and Carr, Jon C. and Hipp, Lisa}, year={2016}, month={Jul}, pages={741–764} }
 @article{lambert_tepper_carr_holt_barelka_2012, title={Forgotten but not gone: An examination of fit between leader consideration and initiating structure needed and received.}, volume={97}, ISSN={1939-1854 0021-9010}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0028970}, DOI={10.1037/a0028970}, abstractNote={We examined the effects of fit between leader consideration and initiating structure needed and received on employees' work-related attitudes (i.e., trust in the supervisor, job satisfaction, and affective commitment to the organization). Consistent with predictions that derive from the person-environment fit research tradition, results from Study 1 suggested that deficient amounts of both leadership behaviors were associated with unfavorable attitudinal outcomes. However, while excess levels of consideration were associated with favorable attitudinal outcomes, excess levels of initiating structure were associated with unfavorable attitudes, and for both forms of leadership, higher levels of absolute fit were associated with more favorable outcomes. Results from Study 2 suggested that attitudes generated by the fit between leadership needed and received influence employees' organizational citizenship behavior as reported by their supervisors. The relationship between consideration needed and received and subordinates' organizational citizenship behavior relating to individuals (OCBI) and organizational citizenship behavior relating to the organization itself (OCBO) was partially mediated by employees' trust in the supervisor, while the relationship between initiating structure needed and received and OCBI was fully mediated by trust in the supervisor, and for OCBO was partially mediated.}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Applied Psychology}, publisher={American Psychological Association (APA)}, author={Lambert, Lisa Schurer and Tepper, Bennett J. and Carr, Jon C. and Holt, Daniel T. and Barelka, Alex J.}, year={2012}, pages={913–930} }
 @article{becton_carr_judge_2011, title={Is the past prologue for some more than others? The hobo syndrome and job complexity}, volume={79}, ISSN={0001-8791}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.04.001}, DOI={10.1016/j.jvb.2011.04.001}, abstractNote={The current study examines the relationship between an individual's history of changing jobs and future turnover (the so-called “hobo syndrome”). Relying on self-consistency theory, it was hypothesized that the relationship between job mobility history and turnover is moderated by job complexity. Using a sample of 393 employees from two healthcare organizations, multiple methods were used to assess the variables of interest. Job mobility history was assessed with a biodata questionnaire collected before employees were hired. Job complexity was measured objectively by a job complexity index calculated from O*NET data. Turnover was assessed with actual turnover data collected over an 18-month post-hire period. Consistent with our hypothesis, results using event history analyses revealed that previous job changes were positively related to turnover likelihood. Additionally, job complexity moderated the relationship between previous job changes and turnover likelihood, such that previous job changes were more positively related to turnover in complex jobs. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Vocational Behavior}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Becton, J. Bret and Carr, Jon C. and Judge, Timothy A.}, year={2011}, month={Oct}, pages={448–460} }
 @article{carr_haggard_hmieleski_zahra_2010, title={A study of the moderating effects of firm age at internationalization on firm survival and short-term growth}, volume={4}, ISSN={1932-4391 1932-443X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sej.90}, DOI={10.1002/sej.90}, abstractNote={AbstractResearch on firm internationalization has focused primarily on the antecedents, rather than outcomes, of the strategic decision to enter foreign markets. In addition, factors moderating the outcomes of internationalization have not received systematic analysis. Aiming to fill these gaps in the literature, the current study examines the moderating effects of firm age on postinternationalization survival and growth. Consistent with the liabilities of newness perspective, we suggest that firm age will have a positive moderating effect on postinternationalization survival. Building from the liabilities of aging perspective, we propose that firm age will have a negative moderating effect on postinternationalization short‐term growth. We test these arguments using a longitudinal sample of 787 firms. Results showed that, postinternationalization, younger firms experienced significantly higher rates of short‐term growth than older firms. Findings regarding firm age and survival, postinternationalization, were, however, not conclusive. Overall, our findings indicate that the timing of internationalization has important implications with regard to the short‐term growth of firms. Copyright © 2010 Strategic Management Society.}, number={2}, journal={Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Carr, Jon C. and Haggard, K. Stephen and Hmieleski, Keith M. and Zahra, Shaker A.}, year={2010}, month={Jun}, pages={183–192} }
 @article{carr_gregory_harris_2010, title={Work Status Congruence’s Relation to Employee Attitudes and Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Procedural Justice}, volume={25}, ISSN={0889-3268 1573-353X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9151-z}, DOI={10.1007/s10869-009-9151-z}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Business and Psychology}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Carr, Jon C. and Gregory, Brian T. and Harris, Stanley G.}, year={2010}, month={Jan}, pages={583–592} }
 @article{tepper_carr_breaux_geider_hu_hua_2009, title={Abusive supervision, intentions to quit, and employees’ workplace deviance: A power/dependence analysis}, volume={109}, ISSN={0749-5978}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2009.03.004}, DOI={10.1016/j.obhdp.2009.03.004}, abstractNote={We conducted a two-study examination of relationships between abusive supervision and subordinates' workplace deviance. Consistent with predictions derived from power/dependence theory, the results of a cross-sectional study with employees from three organizations suggest that abusive supervision is more strongly associated with subordinates' organization deviance and supervisor-directed deviance when subordinates' intention to quit is higher. The results also support the prediction that when intention to quit is higher, abusive supervision is more strongly associated with supervisor-directed deviance than with organization-directed deviance. These results were replicated in a second study, a two-wave investigation of people employed in a variety of industries and occupations.}, number={2}, journal={Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Tepper, Bennett J. and Carr, Jon C. and Breaux, Denise M. and Geider, Sharon and Hu, Changya and Hua, Wei}, year={2009}, month={Jul}, pages={156–167} }
 @article{carr_sequeira_2007, title={Prior family business exposure as intergenerational influence and entrepreneurial intent: A Theory of Planned Behavior approach}, volume={60}, ISSN={0148-2963}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.12.016}, DOI={10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.12.016}, abstractNote={Research indicates that family experiences constitute a powerful socializing influence on the values, attitudes, and behaviors people adopt over the course of their lives. Incorporating theoretical research using the Theory of Planned Behavior [Ajzen, I. Residual effects of past on later behavior: Habituation and reasoned action perspectives. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2002; 6(2): 107–122.] the mediating effects of attitudes towards business startup, perceived family support, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) on entrepreneurial intent are tested using a sample of 308 individuals. Consistent with theory, results suggest significant direct and indirect effects of prior family business exposure on entrepreneurial intent, through the mediation variables of attitudes towards business ownership, perceived family support, and ESE.}, number={10}, journal={Journal of Business Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Carr, Jon C. and Sequeira, Jennifer M.}, year={2007}, month={Oct}, pages={1090–1098} }
 @article{lopez_carr_gregory_dwyer_2005, title={The Influence of Psychological Climate on the Salesperson Customer Orientation – Salesperson Performance Relationship}, volume={13}, ISSN={1069-6679 1944-7175}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2005.11658544}, DOI={10.1080/10696679.2005.11658544}, abstractNote={Because salespeople are a primary revenue-generating mechanism for many organizations, it is important that we understand the factors that facilitate or hinder their performance. This study examines psychological climate as a boundary condition of the salesperson customer orientation - salesperson performance relationship. We apply Mischel’s (1976) theory, which suggests that the impact of individual differences (such as salesperson customer orientation) is less pronounced when situational conditions (such as psychological climate) are strong. In addition, we introduce the concept of a strong balanced psychological climate to the marketing literature. Our findings suggest that the salesperson customer orientation - salesperson performance relationship is moderated by psychological climate such that the relationship is weakened in strong balanced psychological climates. Implications of this research are discussed.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Lopez, Tará Burnthorne and Carr, Jon and Gregory, Brian T. and Dwyer, Sean}, year={2005}, month={Apr}, pages={59–71} }