@article{esposito_overall_grace_komarnytsky_lila_2019, title={Alaskan Berry Extracts Promote Dermal Wound Repair Through Modulation of Bioenergetics and Integrin Signaling}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1663-9812"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85073015678&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3389/fphar.2019.01058}, abstractNote={Wild berry species which are endemic to Alaska and the circumpolar North exhibit unique medicinal properties that have long been appreciated by indigenous Arctic communities. Traditional use of Alaskan berry preparations in the treatment of skin wounds is recorded, but has not been scientifically evaluated. Alaskan wild berries contain diverse phytochemical compositions, featuring a variety of bioactive polyphenols which exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, making them ideal for wound healing interventions or natural anti-aging cosmeceutical formulations. Given increasing interest in identifying biologically active plant constituents for wound and skin care applications, the objective of this study was to screen crude, polyphenol-enriched, and fractionated extracts of several Alaskan wild berry species for skin wound healing properties: Empetrum nigrum (crowberry), Vaccinium uliginosum (bog blueberry), and Vaccinium vitis-idaea (low-bush cranberry or lingonberry). Cell migration assay with adult human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa), modeling skin wound closure, revealed that polyphenol-enriched bog blueberry extract most actively promoted migration, whereas divergent effects observed for other berry extracts corresponded with compositional disparities. LPS-stimulated inflammatory response assay in RAW 264.7 macrophages showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production, as well as COX-2 and iNOS mRNA expression, were suppressed by most extracts, especially bog blueberry and proanthocyanidin (PAC) fractions. Wild berry germplasm contained abundant complex flavonoid structures such as PAC and anthocyanins (ANC), associated with improved repair and inflammatory resolution in these models. Next, underlying mechanisms by which PACs and bioactive metabolites (B2 dimer and epicatechin) could influence wound repair and aspects of skin regeneration were examined. PAC metabolites promoted scratch wound closure and appeared to exert highest impacts on early stages of wound healing through stimulating mitochondrial bioenergetics (basal respiration, ATP production, and maximum respiratory capacity) and upregulating expression of important ECM proteins (integrin-β1 and collagen type I α2 chain). Targeting cellular bioenergetics and integrin-mediated cell-ECM interactions with Alaskan wild berry compounds shows considerable therapeutic promise for chronic wounds or inflammatory skin disorders, as well as more generally to support regenerative healing responses and restore function in a variety of tissue and organ settings after injury or aging.}, number={SEP}, journal={FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY}, author={Esposito, Debora and Overall, John and Grace, Mary H. and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2019}, month={Sep} }
 @article{velde_esposito_overall_mendez-galarraga_grace_piroyani_lila_2019, title={Changes in the bioactive properties of strawberries caused by the storage in oxygen- and carbon dioxide-enriched atmospheres}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2048-7177"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85070678260&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/fsn3.1099}, abstractNote={The changes in the antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties of strawberry fruits as a consequence of the storage in atmospheres enriched in oxygen and carbon dioxide were investigated. Berries were exposed to two different gas compositions: 70% O2 + 20% CO2 and 90% O2 + 10% CO2, and stored for up to 20 days at 5°C. The antioxidant capacity, assessed through DPPH and FRAP methods, decreased around 17% in samples exposed to 70% O2 + 20% CO2 at day 20. However, the antioxidant activity of fruits stored in 90% O2 + 10% CO2 was maintained until day 20 and experienced an increase of around 10% on day 10. Moreover, strawberry stored in 90% O2 + 10% CO2 at days 5–10 showed an improved suppression of the pro-inflammatory genes Cox-2 and iNOS up to 30% higher than samples at day 0 in an in vitro LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage culture. In addition, berries exposed to 90% O2 + 10% CO2 at day 10 showed a human dermal fibroblast migration 30% higher than samples at day 0 in an in vitro skin-fibroblast-migration model. Therefore, evidence suggests that strawberry storage in 90% O2 + 10% CO2 can be a promissory alternative to offer fruits with enhanced bioactivity.}, number={8}, journal={FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION}, author={Velde, Franco and Esposito, Debora and Overall, John and Mendez-Galarraga, Maria Paula and Grace, Mary and Piroyani, Maria Elida and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={2527–2536} }
 @article{skates_overall_dezego_wilson_esposito_lila_komarnytsky_2018, title={Berries containing anthocyanins with enhanced methylation profiles are more effective at ameliorating high fat diet-induced metabolic damage}, volume={111}, ISSN={["1873-6351"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.032}, DOI={10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.032}, abstractNote={Driven by the need for alternative whole food options to manage metabolic syndrome, multiple dietary interventions are suggested to achieve a better control of metabolic risk factors and molecular networks that regulate cellular energy metabolism. It is generally accepted that anthocyanin-rich diets are beneficial for maintaining healthy body weight, improving glucose and lipid metabolism, and determining inflammatory status of key metabolic tissues. However, anthocyanins are a structurally diverse group of phenolic compounds and their individual contributions to improving metabolic health are not clear. In this study, we show that consumption of berries containing anthocyanins with enhanced methylation profiles (malvidin and petunidin) is more effective at reducing high fat diet-induced metabolic damage in the C57BL/6 mouse model of polygenic obesity. Blueberries and Concord grapes (57% and 33% anthocyanins as malvidin, petunidin, or peonidin, respectively) improved body composition through individual significant effects on energy expenditure and increased activity. Methylated anthocyanins are also more effective at enhancing mitochondrial respiration and dissipation of the mitochondrial proton gradient (proton leak) in adipose tissue, thus counteracting mitochondrial dysfunction associated with metabolic stress. Together, these results provide direct proof of the higher protective potential of methylated anthocyanins against the metabolic consequences of chronic exposure to calorie-dense foods.}, journal={FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Skates, Emily and Overall, John and DeZego, Katelyn and Wilson, Mickey and Esposito, Debora and Lila, Mary Ann and Komarnytsky, Slavko}, year={2018}, month={Jan}, pages={445–453} }
 @article{overall_lila_komarnytsky_2017, title={Anthocyanins in metabolic health and disease}, journal={Nutrigenomics and proteomics in health and disease: towards a systems-level understanding of gene-diet interactions, 2nd edition}, author={Overall, J. and Lila, M. A. and Komarnytsky, S.}, year={2017}, pages={92–124} }
 @article{overall_bonney_wilson_beermann_grace_esposito_lila_komarnytsky_2017, title={Metabolic Effects of Berries with Structurally Diverse Anthocyanins}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85013078281&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3390/ijms18020422}, abstractNote={Overconsumption of energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyle are considered as major causes of obesity-associated insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism. Results from both cohort studies and randomized trials suggested that anthocyanins from berries may lower metabolic risks, however these reports are equivocal. The present study was designed to examine effects of six berries with structurally diverse anthocyanin profiles (normalized to 400 µg/g total anthocyanin content) on development of metabolic risk factors in the C57BL/6 mouse model of polygenic obesity. Diets supplemented with blackberry (mono-glycosylated cyanidins), black raspberry (acylated mono-glycosylated cyanidins), blackcurrant (mono- and di-glycosylated cyanidins and delphinidins), maqui berry (di-glycosylated delphinidins), Concord grape (acylated mono-glycosylated delphinidins and petunidins), and blueberry (mono-glycosylated delphinidins, malvidins, and petunidins) showed a prominent discrepancy between biological activities of delphinidin/malvidin-versus cyanidin-type anthocyanins that could be explained by differences in their structure and metabolism in the gut. Consumption of berries also resulted in a strong shift in the gastrointestinal bacterial communities towards obligate anaerobes that correlated with decrease in the gastrointestinal luminal oxygen and oxidative stress. Further work is needed to understand mechanisms that lead to nearly anoxic conditions in the gut lumens, including the relative contributions of host, diet and/or microbial oxidative activity, and their implication to human health.}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Overall, John and Bonney, Sierra A. and Wilson, Mickey and Beermann, Arnold and Grace, Mary H. and Esposito, Debora and Lila, Mary Ann and Komarnytsky, Slavko}, year={2017}, month={Feb} }