@inproceedings{barnes_whipker_mccall_frantz_2015, title={Characterization of nutrient disorders of Abutilon x hybridum 'Bella Yellow'}, volume={1062}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2015.1062.3}, booktitle={International conference and exhibition on soilless culture}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. and McCall, I. and Frantz, J.}, year={2015}, pages={29–37} }
 @inproceedings{barnes_whipker_mccall_frantz_2015, title={Characterization of nutrient disorders of Dahlia x hybrida 'Maxi Morelia'}, volume={1062}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2015.1062.4}, abstractNote={Dahlia A— hybrida ‘Maxi Morelia’ plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland’s all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus µM concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10A— higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented.}, booktitle={International conference and exhibition on soilless culture}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. and McCall, I. and Frantz, J.}, year={2015}, pages={39–47} }
 @inproceedings{barnes_whipker_mccall_frantz_2015, title={Characterization of nutrient disorders of Fuchsia x hybrida 'Gartenmeister Bonstedt'}, volume={1062}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2015.1062.5}, abstractNote={Fuchsia A— hybrida ‘Gartenmeister Bonstedt’ plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph nutritional disorder symptoms. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland's all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus µM concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10A— higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders is presented.}, booktitle={International conference and exhibition on soilless culture}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. and McCall, I. and Frantz, J.}, year={2015}, pages={49–57} }
 @inproceedings{barnes_whipker_mccall_frantz_2015, title={Characterization of nutrient disorders of Senecio cineraria 'Silver Mist'}, volume={1062}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2015.1062.6}, abstractNote={Senecio cineraria ‘Silver Mist’ plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph nutritional disorder symptoms. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland’s all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus µM concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The nutrient deficiency treatments were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10A— higher than the complete nutrient formula. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented.}, booktitle={International conference and exhibition on soilless culture}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. and McCall, I. and Frantz, J.}, year={2015}, pages={59–66} }
 @inproceedings{whipker_mccall_barnes_frantz_2014, title={Automated system for inducing nutrient disorders utilized in grower-based guides: Exacum affine 'Royal Dane Blue'}, volume={1034}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2014.1034.76}, booktitle={International symposium on growing media and soilless cultivation}, author={Whipker, B. E. and McCall, I. and Barnes, J. and Frantz, J.}, year={2014}, pages={599–605} }
 @inproceedings{barnes_whipker_mccall_frantz_2014, title={Characterization of nutrient disorders of Gazania rigens 'Daybreak White'}, volume={1034}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2014.1034.56}, abstractNote={Gazania rigens ‘Daybreak White’ plants were grown in silica sand culture to induce and photograph symptoms of nutritional disorders. Plants were grown with a complete modified Hoagland’s all nitrate solution: (macronutrients in mM) 15 NO3-N, 1.0 PO4-P, 6.0 K, 5.0 Ca, 2.0 Mg, and 2.0 SO4-S, plus µM concentrations of micronutrients, 72 Fe, 18 Mn, 3 Cu, 3 Zn, 45 B, and 0.1 Mo. The treatments causing nutrient deficient symptoms were induced with a complete nutrient formula minus one of the nutrients. Boron toxicity was also induced by increasing the element 10× higher than the complete nutrient formula. Reagent grade chemicals and deionized water of 18-mega ohms purity were used to formulate treatment solutions. The plants were automatically irrigated. The solution drained from the bottom of the pot and was captured for reuse. A complete replacement of nutrient solutions was done weekly. Plants were monitored daily to document and photograph sequential series of symptoms as they developed. Typical symptomology of nutrient disorders and critical tissue concentrations are presented. Out of the thirteen treatments, eleven exhibited symptoms. Deficiency symptoms of N, S, and Ca were first to manifest. Should nutritional disorders arise growers should first consider these three problems when trying to determine the possible cause.}, booktitle={International symposium on growing media and soilless cultivation}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. E. and McCall, I. and Frantz, J.}, year={2014}, pages={459–464} }
 @article{barnes_nelson_whipker_hesterberg_shi_2014, title={Fertilizer Formulation Effect on pH of Fallow Versus Planted Container Substrate}, volume={1034}, ISSN={["0567-7572"]}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2014.1034.57}, abstractNote={From previous work testing the impact of 30 fertilizers on substrate pH, five fertilizer formulations that elicited the widest range of substrate pH biotic impacts during Salvia farinacea ‘Evolution White’ cultivation were chosen for a follow up study to determine the abiotic impact of these fertilizers on fallow substrate. A 3 sphagnum peat moss : 1 perlite substrate was formulated and adjusted to pH 5.6. Three sets of pots (14 cm diameter) were filled with substrate. Salvia plugs were installed in the first set for cultivation while the second set was left fallow followed by fertilization of both sets with 400 mL of fertilizer solution with each irrigation (each at 7 mmol nitrogen concentration and pH 4.2 ± 0.1) to bring them to approximately container capacity. The third set of pots (control) was left fallow and irrigated with 400 mL deionized water instead of fertilizer solution. When cultivated substrates dried to approximately 50% of container capacity, 200 mL of fertilizer solution was applied to sets one and two and 200 mL deionized water to set three for a total of 11 applications. Substrates were harvested after 3 and 6 weeks. The pH of control substrate was 5.69 for both harvests. For the first and second harvest, cultivated substrate pH ranged from 6.08 to 5.03 and 6.22 to 4.85, respectively, while pH values of fallow substrate that received fertilizer solutions ranged from 5.66 to 5.19 and 5.44 to 4.97, respectively. Contrary to the expected abiotic effect of these acidic fertilizer solutions, pH in the fertilized fallow pots increased or decreased in a similar but diminished fashion to the changes that occurred to the pH in the cultivated pots. These results suggested a biotic effect in the fallow substrates due possibly to microflora and nitrification and indicate the need to take into account a biotic effect of microbes when assessing the abiotic effect of fertilizer solutions on substrate pH.}, journal={INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA AND SOILLESS CULTIVATION}, author={Barnes, J. and Nelson, P. and Whipker, B. E. and Hesterberg, D. and Shi, W.}, year={2014}, pages={465–469} }
 @article{barnes_whipker_mccall_2014, title={Optimizing Fertilizer Rates for Two Cultivars of Graziosa Geraniums}, volume={1034}, ISSN={["0567-7572"]}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2014.1034.58}, journal={INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA AND SOILLESS CULTIVATION}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. E. and McCall, I.}, year={2014}, pages={471–476} }
 @article{moody_dole_barnes_2014, title={Refining Postharvest Handling Procedures Increased Cut Rose Vase Life}, volume={24}, ISSN={["1943-7714"]}, DOI={10.21273/horttech.24.6.676}, abstractNote={Various postharvest procedures were conducted on several rose (Rosa hybrida) cultivars to determine the effects on vase life, water uptake, change in fresh weight, stage of opening, and vase life termination criteria. Vase life was influenced by cultivar and vase solution. Commercial preservative solutions resulted in a longer vase life, smaller decrease in fresh weight than the controls, and smaller increase in water uptake. Vase life of nine cultivars in distilled water ranged from a low of 7.1 days for Queen 2000 to a high of 15.3 days for Forever Young. Flower termination criteria were also cultivar specific with Black Baccara, Classy, and Charlotte most prone to bent neck and blackening of petal tips. Exogenous ethylene at 0.4 or 4.0 μL·L−1 did not affect vase life but lowered water uptake. Application of the antiethylene agent silver thiosulfate (STS) at 0.2 mm concentration significantly improved vase life in five out of the nine cultivars (Anna, Charlotte, First Red, Freedom, and Konfetti) tested, but 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at 740 nL·L−1 did not improve vase life over the control. Both vase life and water uptake were reduced when more than one stem was placed in a vase; placing 10 stems in a vase shortened vase life by 1.4 days and impeded water uptake by up to 10.6 mL/stem per day. Increasing the amount of time stems remained dry before placing in a vase reduced vase life, but recutting immediately before placing in a vase minimized the decline. Increasing the amount of stem cut off the base up to 10 cm increased vase life.}, number={6}, journal={HORTTECHNOLOGY}, author={Moody, Erin P. and Dole, John M. and Barnes, Jared}, year={2014}, month={Dec}, pages={676–685} }
 @article{barnes_nelson_whipker_dickey_hesterberg_shi_2014, title={Statistical model for describing macronutrient impacts on container substrate pH over time}, volume={49}, number={2}, journal={HortScience}, author={Barnes, J. and Nelson, P. and Whipker, B. E. and Dickey, D. A. and Hesterberg, D. and Shi, W.}, year={2014}, pages={207–214} }
 @inproceedings{barnes_whipker_mccall_frantz_2013, title={Characterization of nutrient disorders of Gomphrena globosa 'Las Vegas purple'}, volume={982}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2013.982.6}, booktitle={International symposium on responsible peatland management and growing media production}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. and McCall, I. and Frantz, J.}, year={2013}, pages={69–74} }
 @article{barnes_whipker_buhler_mccall_2013, title={Greenhouse and landscape growth of tiger lily cultivars following flurprimidol preplant bulb soaks}, volume={23}, number={6}, journal={HortTechnology}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. and Buhler, W. and McCall, I.}, year={2013}, pages={820–822} }
 @article{barnes_nelson_fonteno_whipker_jeong_2013, title={Impact of Mature Dairy Manure Compost and Water Content on Wettability and Bulk Density in Peat Moss-Perlite Root Substrate}, volume={982}, ISSN={["2406-6168"]}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2013.982.7}, abstractNote={ISHS International Symposium on Responsible Peatland Management and Growing Media Production IMPACT OF MATURE DAIRY MANURE COMPOST AND WATER CONTENT ON WETTABILITY AND BULK DENSITY IN PEAT MOSS-PERLITE ROOT SUBSTRATE}, journal={INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RESPONSIBLE PEATLAND MANAGEMENT AND GROWING MEDIA PRODUCTION}, author={Barnes, J. and Nelson, P. and Fonteno, W. C. and Whipker, B. and Jeong, Ka-Yeon}, year={2013}, pages={75–80} }
 @article{barnes_whipker_mccall_frantz_2012, title={Nutrient disorders of 'Evolution' Mealy-cup Sage}, volume={22}, number={4}, journal={HortTechnology}, author={Barnes, J. and Whipker, B. and McCall, I. and Frantz, J.}, year={2012}, pages={502–508} }